4A COTTAGE GROVE SENTINEL June 10, 2015
O PINION
LETTERS TO
THE EDITOR
Bad rap
Before we say too much bad
about transients, I was clean-
ing up trash as I often do along
Gateway Blvd. and a transient
came down the hill from I-5
and asked if I minded getting a
little help. For 10-15 minutes he
picked up trash and then went
on his way. If that isn’t enough,
about 15 minutes later, another
transient did the same.
Jane Rapier
Cottage Grove
Don’t grow immune to the value of vaccines
BY FRANKIE L. TRULL
For the Sentinel
ence behind them. That has to
change. Few medical innova-
tions have saved more lives than
vaccines, which may play an
even larger role in the years to
come.
It wasn’t long ago that rubella
posed a fearsome threat to un-
born children. A U.S. outbreak
in 1964-65 led to 11,000 mis-
carriages, abortions and deaths
in the womb. Another 20,000
children suffered birth defects.
The fi rst vaccines for rubella
arrived in 1969. Of course, the
victory over rubella is only the
latest success story for vaccines.
As recently as the 1950s, polio
posed a serious threat to Ameri-
can children. A 1952 outbreak
of the disease infected almost
60,000 children and killed more
than 3,000. The disease para-
lyzed thousands more.
Vaccines’ past and future ben-
efi ciaries may not realize that an
important component of vaccine
development is animal research.
Animal research is responsible
for some of the most benefi -
cial vaccines in modern history
— including those for rubella,
measles and polio. And it’s our
best hope for eradicating other
destructive illnesses in the years
to come.
Primate studies, for instance,
provide unique insight into the
immune system. Testing experi-
mental medications and vac-
cines on animals is also a de-
pendable — and FDA required
— way to determine whether a
new vaccine is safe for humans.
The rubella virus used in cur-
rent
measles-mumps-rubella
vaccines was initially developed
using animal cell cultures and
chicken embryos. Later, tests
on a variety of species, includ-
ing primates, mice and rabbits,
proved the vaccine safe.
Animals have benefi ted from
this research as well, as vaccines
have been developed for animal
diseases like rabies, cowpox,
West Nile virus and anthrax.
Today’s vaccine research also
depends on primate experiments.
Scientists are researching ad-
vanced vaccines for preventing
HIV/AIDS, protecting humans
against bioterrorism, and treat-
ing devastating diseases such as
cancer and Alzheimer’s.
In recent years, however, vac-
cines have been victims of their
own success. With diseases like
measles, polio and now rubella
mostly wiped out, some folks
have forgotten how deadly those
diseases used to be. Without a
clear memory of the potential
consequences of foregoing im-
munity, many people think of
vaccination as less pressing.
Today, around 40 percent of
parents choose to delay or re-
fuse vaccinations for their chil-
dren, with little understanding
of the public health risks in-
volved in such a decision. Many
justify their choice with appeals
to so-called “herd immunity” -
- the idea that if enough people
are vaccinated, a disease won’t
spread as easily. They free-ride
on the fact that most other peo-
ple have received their shots.
But herd immunity only ap-
plies if a suffi cient number of
herd members get vaccinated.
Eliminated diseases can quickly
re-emerge when vaccination
rates decline.
Less than 50 years ago, ex-
pectant parents lived in fear
that rubella could harm — or
kill — their unborn children.
Animal research gave us the
tools, in the form of vaccines, to
eradicate rubella, measles, and
other deadly diseases. We must
remember to use them.
Offbeat Oregon History
fi ed as Thomas James Holden,
and the resemblance to Mc-
Cullough had been quite star-
tling. Holden could have been
McCullough’s twin brother.
Holden, the newspaper said,
was wanted for gunning down
his wife and two brothers-in-
law during a drunken family
argument. He had, apparently,
shot each of them once with a
.38, and with his fourth shot,
grazed the cheek of his sister-
in-law. Four shots, three dead.
Then he’d fl ed and disappeared.
The newspaper said Holden
was a train robber, serial bank
robber and “product of the mad-
dog days of gangsterism,” who
had been caught, sentenced to a
long stretch at Leavenworth, es-
caped and subsequently helped
perpetrate a sensational armed
prison breakout in 1931. Re-
captured, Holden had been sent
to the feds’ maximum-security
prison — Alcatraz, where he
served for about a decade. He
was paroled in 1947.
It had been 18 months later
that he’d committed the shock-
ing triple murder for which he
was now wanted.
The newspaper also quoted
the FBI as calling Holden “one
man whose freedom in society
is a menace to every man, wom-
an and child in America.”
Such a criminal resume
formed quite a contrast with the
mild-mannered
McCullough
that the other men on the plas-
tering crew knew. They never
once thought they might be
the same man, despite the ee-
rie similarities. But they teased
him about it, an activity that was
made even more fun by the fact
that he apparently had no idea
what they were talking about.
He had not, it seemed, read
Wednesday’s paper.
If he had, he would have dis-
appeared immediately, he later
told authorities.
“McCullough” at fi rst tried to
stick to his story. He was John
R. McCullough, he insisted
— just a laborer who’d come
to Portland three months before
from Butte, Mont., to fi nd work.
But when they reached the FBI
offi ce and he learned how much
they knew about him, he broke
down and copped to it.
Holden’s
landlady
was
shocked by the news. He’d been
renting a tiny cabin from her
in Sahnow’s Motel and Trailer
Park since fi rst coming to town.
“He was a model tenant,”
she told the Oregonian. “I sus-
pect a lot of people about being
crooks, but not this one. I’m a
little shocked. I took his rent ev-
ery week. He always was happy
and singing Irish folk songs. He
had a good enough voice to be
in opera.”
Holden had been the fi rst man
ever put on the FBI’s Ten Most
Wanted list, and he was among
the fi rst to be caught. His dis-
tinctive appearance made iden-
tifi cation an absolute breeze.
His mugshot shows a wide and
fl at forehead, low and straight
brow ridge, preternaturally
straight mouth — in all, star-
tlingly similar to Boris Karloff
playing Frankenstein’s Monster
in the iconic 1931 movie.
Not much is known about
Holden’s story, other than what’s
in the police reports. But we do
know that the wife he shot dur-
ing that drunken argument was
the woman who’d faithfully
waited 16 years for him to get
out of prison. During his time
on Alcatraz, his only visitor was
his son, Tommy, now a U.S.
Army private who’d grown into
a man with his father behind
bars. And we know that Holden
got a telegram from his mother,
in 1945, telling him Tommy was
dying, and asking to see him.
Of course, he couldn’t come.
gain. The high fi ber and resis-
tant starch content of beans also
makes them very satiating, al-
lowing you to feel full longer
and stave off food cravings;
these properties make beans
an effective weight loss tool.
Those who regularly eat beans
have greater intakes of miner-
als and fi ber, have lower blood
pressure and are less likely to be
overweight than those that don’t
consume beans.
Beans protect against co-
lon cancer. Colon cancer is the
third most common cancer in
the United States, and diet is a
key contributor to colon can-
cer risk. The cells lining the
intestinal tract come into direct
contact with the foods we eat;
the substances contained in our
food can therefore have signifi -
cant effects on the cells of the
colon. Numerous studies have
found decreased risk of colorec-
tal adenomas and cancers in
those who consume beans and
other legumes regularly. For ex-
ample, a six-year study of over
32,000 people found that those
who ate legumes at least twice a
week had a 50 percent reduction
in colon cancer risk. So imagine
the protection we could achieve
by eating beans daily! As men-
tioned earlier, the fi ber and re-
sistant starch in beans pass into
the large intestine where bac-
teria ferment them into short
chain fatty acids such as butyr-
ate, which have a number of
cancer-preventive actions in the
colon, such as halting cancer
cell growth and increasing the
production of detoxifi cation en-
zymes.
Beans protect against several
other cancers too, not just colon
cancer. High intake of total le-
gumes (not just soybeans) is as-
sociated with a decreased risk
of breast cancer. A study of the
relationship between legume in-
take and all cancers also found
that consuming beans and len-
tils decreased risk of cancers of
the oral cavity, pharynx, esoph-
agus, larynx, digestive tract, and
kidney.
Eat beans daily! I recommend
eating at least a half-cup of
beans, lentils, or split peas every
day. Have them on your salad
for lunch, in soups and stews, or
blended into dips for raw veg-
etables. They can be flavored
and spiced in lots of interesting
ways, and there is a huge vari-
ety of beans to choose from;
chickpeas, black-eyed peas,
black beans, lima beans, pinto
beans, lentils, red kidney beans,
soybeans, cannellini beans, split
peas and more. Dried beans and
legumes are very economical,
but if using canned beans for
convenience, be sure to choose
no-salt-added varieties, prefera-
bly packaged in BPA-free cans.
If beans are a relatively new
food for you, make sure to chew
them very well to minimize gas
and bloating. Start out with a
small quantity and gradually in-
crease the amount as your diges-
tive tract adapts. Over time, you
will build up the benefi cial bac-
teria that help to digest beans.
T
he fi ght against rubella,
the deadly German mea-
sles, has fi nally paid off.
Global health authorities say
the terrible disease has been
eliminated in the Americas. It’s
a rare dose of good news in the
fi ght against the debilitating dis-
ease, which can cause birth de-
fects or even fetal death if con-
tracted by a pregnant woman.
The eradication was possible
by one of modern medicine’s
most indispensable tools — rou-
tine vaccination.
Immunization’s value has
never been more apparent. Yet
Americans have grown skepti-
cal of vaccines — and the sci-
FBI’s ‘Most Wanted’
gangster was busted
in Beaverton
BY FINN J.D. JOHN
For the Sentinel
T
he contractors were get-
ting ready to wrap up
work for the day when several
visitors arrived at the job site,
a house on Scholls Ferry Road
near Beaverton. The newcomers
were a small group of serious-
looking men in conservative,
well-fi tting suits, accompanied
by the workers’ boss, Charles
Robinson.
Robinson sought out one of his
employees, a 55-year-old plas-
terer named John McCullough.
McCullough, although he’d
only been on the job for three
months, was already one of
Robinson’ best men. He was
quiet, easygoing, hardworking,
sober and reliable.
Robinson led his well-dressed
visitors to McCullough and in-
troduced them as FBI agents.
The other workers on the job
watched with astonishment as
the agents arrested McCullough
and led him away. They’d been
kidding him for days about his
uncanny resemblance to a pic-
ture that had run in the Portland
Morning Oregonian a couple
days earlier, under the head-
line, “Accused Murderer of
Three Tops FBI List of Wanted
Criminals.” Maybe there’d been
something in that resemblance
after all, they thought.
The picture had been identi-
Frankie L. Trull is president
of the Foundation for Biomed-
ical Research.
Please see OFFBEAT, Page 5A
Beans: the ideal carbohydrate
BY JOEL FUHRMAN, MD
For the Sentinel
B
eans
are
nutritionally
unique.
Beans and
other
le-
g u m e s
(such
as
lentils and
split peas)
are the ide-
al starchy
food. When many people think
of high-fi ber, starch-contain-
ing foods, they think of whole
grains, which are healthful
foods, but beans are nutrition-
ally superior. Beans and other
legumes have uniquely high lev-
els of fi ber and resistant starch,
carbohydrates that are not bro-
ken down by our digestive sys-
tem. Though indigestible, these
carbohydrates have a number of
valuable health effects. First, be-
cause they are indigestible they
$ PUUBHF ( SPWF 4 FOUJOFM
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reduce total the number of calo-
ries that can be absorbed from
beans. Fiber and resistant starch
also limit the glycemic (blood
sugar raising) effects of beans.
Finally, when resistant starch
and some fi bers reach the colon,
they act as food for our healthy
gut bacteria, which then ferment
it into anti-cancer compounds in
the colon.
Beans help prevent diabetes
and weight gain. Since the fi ber
and resistant starch in beans and
other legumes keep their gly-
cemic load low, they are great
foods for preventing or revers-
ing diabetes. A study on 64,000
women followed for four years
found that high intake of le-
gumes were associated with a
38 percent decreased risk of
diabetes. Also, a recent clinical
study found that type 2 diabetics
who followed a legume-rich diet
had enhanced improvements in
fasting glucose, HbA1c, body
weight, cholesterol, triglycer-
ides and blood pressure com-
pared to a whole grain-rich diet.
Since beans are high-nutrient,
high-fi ber, and low-calorie, you
can eat them in large quantities
without the danger of weight
Dr. Fuhrman is a #1 New
York Times best-selling author
and a board certifi ed family
physician specializing in life-
style and nutritional medicine.
Visit his website at DrFuhrman.
com. Submit your questions and
comments about this column
directly to newsquestions@
drfuhrman.com
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