THE NEWS RECORD
(Twice-a-Week.) .
AH.INDirKNDZNT NEWSPAPER
Formerly the Wallowa News, estab
llshed March 3. 1899.
Published Wednesdays and Satu
days at Enterprise, Oregon, by
THE ENTERPRISE PRESS
Office East side Court House Square
Entered as second-class matter
January 2, 1909, at the po3tofflce at
Enterprise. Oregon, under the Act of
March 3, 1879.
Subscription Rates: One year $2,
lz months $1, three months 50c
one month 20c. On yearly ca3h-ln
advance subscriptions a discount of
25c is given.
8ATURDAY, OCTOBER 30, 1909,
PLURALITY TOMMYROT.
The Oregonlan In Its campaign for
elections by purchase and graft,
brings the terrible Indictment against
the direct primary that It allows
nominations by mere plurality! Well
that Is no very new thing. ' All over
this country we have been having
plurality elections for many years
Several presidents have had not
only! a minority of the total vote, but
two or three even did not stand high
ets In the ooll. And tho government
at Washington still lives.
But the plurality nominations de
feet, if It is a de.'ect, can be easily
remedied. The Washington plan of
voting for second and third choices
where there are thr?e or more can
dldates, gives a perfectly Just method
of arriving at the wishes of the eloc
torate. It U similar but better than
the way a convention nominates
when no majority choice appears in
the early balloting. Delegates whose
candidates chances are hopeless go
to their second choice. That is the
way It is supposed to work, but the
fact is money, graft, political favor
and other chicanery influence the
second choice of convention dele
gates, and often the first choice, un
til conventions have become a stench
in all decent men's nostrils.
And that is the system the Or ego
nlan Is fighting tooth and toenail to
re-establish. ,
CAMPAIGNING FOR CHRIST.
Every honest, .earnest effort to
make men feel their personal respon
siblllty to God, and to lead better
lives, should be commended and en
couraged. Good comes from- such
efforts even when accompanied by
the theatrical 'furnishings of the
Billy Sunday or Gypsy Smith meet
Ings. The Blangy sermons of a Sun
day or Sam Jones are repellant to
many people, but those people1 can
stay away and there remain thous
ands and tens of thousands who are
attracted toy the "plain speaking.
aad are convicted of their sins by
such men when the milder, conven
tlonal preaching never fcazes them
It seems the general testimony of
the towns in Iowa and Illinois
where Sunday has worked for several
years, that the moral tone of the
communities lg changed for the bet
tor, and there Is an uplift In all good
work because of his visits.
The success of Sunday, Smith and
their like, does not however alter
the fact that evangelistic campaigns
conducted on what inay be termed ra
tional lines, are more effective and
more thorough. It Is Impossible of
course to be a successful evangelist
without appealing to the emotions
Christianity Is not a purely lntellec
tual process. The Father's love can
not be demonstrated by rule of three
The heart must be touched, the mem
ory stirred and man's better nature
aroused. But the use of the spectac
ular is not neceisary to do this
with most men.
Dr. Pratt, who is conducting the
meetings in this city, is preaching
the plain gospel of Christ and has
met with groat success elsewhere
and doubtless will here. If the great
Bible truths and God's love do not
effect conviction and repentance
there is an Indlf.'erence beyond the
ordinary; one that it would take a
Sunday to overcome.
The high price of hogs is causing
an unprecedented rush of porkers to
market, not only In the Northwest
but all over the country, and it Is
predicted that there will be a great
scarcity of hogs next year and con
sequently a continuation of the high
prices. This sounds reasonable and
it would be wise to raise as many
hogs in this county next year as
possible. Wallowa county cannot be
beat for gooM porkers.
The Conquest
By Dr. FREDERICK A. COOK
Copyright. 1909, by the New York
Hertld Company. Registered In
Canada In Accordance With Copy
right Act. Copyright In Mex.
iro Under Laws of the Republic
ol Mexico. All Rights Reserved
THE expedition was equipped at
Gloucester, Mass. All was ready
on tbe evening of July 8. 1907.
Ashore boys were testing their
1 reworks for the morrow of celebra-
Ion. but abourd, us our vessel, tbe
John It. Bradley, withdrew from tbe
pier, all was quiet. There were no
visiting crowds of curiosity seekers.
No tooting whistles signalized our de
parture. Ad u relic expedition bnd been born
without the usual public bombast.
I'bere was. indeed, no excuse for
i lumpr. Neither tbe help of tbe gov
ernment nor the contributions of pri
vate individuals bad been sought. The
project wus quietly given life and Its
expenses were pnld by John It. Brad
ley. Its destiny was shaped by tue
writer.
Mr. Bradley wos Interested In game
animals of the north: I was Interested
In the gnme of the polar quest. For
tbe time being the business concerned
us only. If the venture proved sue
resgful there would be time enough to
raise the banner of victory. If it fall
ed none had tbe privilege of heaping
upon us the uunierited abuse which
usually comes to the returning polnr
traveler.
In a brief month all bnd been pre
pared for the peculiar mission. We
had pure-based a strong Gloucester Ash
ing schooner, fitted with a motor, cov
ered for Ice and loaded down with
suitable supplies for a prolonged pe
riod.
One morning tbe bold cliffs of Cope
vork were dimly outlined In tbe gray
mint which screened the land. A storm
Mnd carried so much Ice against tbe
conRt that a near approach was lm-
possible, und continued winds kept up
a sea wntrn made It equally a difficulty
to iuuu on the ice.
n Ice Free Polar Waters.
Though anxious to meet tbe natives
nt tape York, we were forced to turn
und set a course for the next village,
at North Stor boy. At noon tbe sooty
clouds separated, and lu tbe north
through the narrow breaks we saw tbe
steep slopes and worm color of crim
son cliffs restlug on the rlslnjr water.
uartlng through tu air were count
less guillemots, gulls, little nuks and
elder ducks. We were In the Ice free
north wnters, where creatures of the
sea find a murlue oasis la midst of a
polur desert.
This kind of coast extends poleward
to thp land's end. It Is the ubundunt
sea life which makes faumuo bublta
tlnn just possible here, though laud
aninunsiire also Important.
'J he people of the farthest north are
crowded luto a naturul reservation by
me arctic ice wall of Me r lie bav In
tbe south and the stupendous line of
cujts or Humboldt glacier in tbe north.
Home of the Eskimos.
Widely scattered In small vllloees.
tbe northernmost Ksklmo tluds here a
good living. A uurrow band of rocky
land between the laud Ice and the sen
offers grasses upon which feed ptarml
gun, nare ana caribous.
- Numerous cliffs and Islands afford a
resting pluce lu summer for mvrluds
or marine turds that seek tbe small
life of the Icy waters. Blue and whits
foxes wander everywhere. Seal, walrus.
narwuui ana white whale sport In the
summer sun, while the bear, king of
toe poiar wuas, roams over the sea at
Ull times.
The yacht dodged the Iceberu and
dangerous rock In the ton about
Cape At hoi, then t'irned eastward to
cross Wolstenunlme sound.
As we ilea red Table mountain,
which guards North Star bay. manv
natives came out In kayaks to meet
us. home were recognized as old
friends." There was Myah, be of mauy
wives; . uouiolnb. who had executed
Atigooglbsnh. styled the villain bv
tiiuson at itedclinV House, nud Tin
eootn, husband of the queen. In whose
family are to be found the only by
brld children of the tribe.
I-ater. Kuurt Rasiuussen. a Danish
writer, living as a native among the
people, came alumni, with him we
got better acquainted during the win
ter.
I.itie nt night a visit was mode to
the imvii of OonmnooL There were
seven trlniuiulur sea Ir kin tents, con
veniently placed on picturesque rocks.
Gathered about these lu large num
bers were men, women and children.
8hlverliiK lu (be midnight chill.
They were odd looking specimens of
humanity. In height the men aver
aged but Ove feet two Inches and the
women four feet leu Inches. All had
broad, fat faces, heavy truuks and
well rounded limbs. Their skin was
lightly bronzed. Men and women
had coal black bnlr and brown eyes.
he nose was short, and the bands
n ml feet were Bliort, but thick.
There was not much news to ex
change. After we bad gone over tbe
list of marriages and deaths the luck
of the chase became tbe topic of con
versation.
It was a period of monogamy.
Myah bad exchanged a plurality of
wives for a larger team of dogs, and
tu?-e was but one other man In the
tribe wltb two wives.
Women were rather scarce. Several
marriageable men were forced to fore
go tbe advantages of married life be-1
e4eVee4eeer
of the Pole 1
n
Explorer's Own Account
of His Journey to the
Goal Hunting Adven
tures Among A Eskimos
IFIRST ARTICLEI
oeeeee
cause there were not enough wives for
all. By mutual agreement several men
hud exebuuged wives. In other cases
women hud cboseu other partners, and
tbe changes were made seemingly to
tbe advautage of all, for no regrets
were expressed.
There wus no average of three fat,
clever children for each family, the
youngest, as a rule, resting In a pocket
on tbe mother's back.
Dwellings of the Eskimo.
Tbe tent bad a raised platform npon
which all slept. The edge of this made
n seat and on eucb side were placed
stone lamps, lu which blubber .was
burned, with moss as a wick. -Over
ibis was a drying ruck, and there was
other furniture.
On board the yacht there had been
busy days of barter. Furs and Ivory
hod been gathered In heaps In ex
change for guns, knives and needles.
Every seaman frotu cabin boy to cap
tain had suddenly got rich lu the gam
ble of trade for prized blue fox skins
and narwhal tusks.
The Eskimos were equally elated
with their end of tbe bargain. For a
beautiful foxskln of less use to a na
tive than a dog pelt he has secured a
pocket knife that would serve blm half
a lifetime.
A woman bad exchanged ber fur
pants, worth a hundred dollars, for a
red pocket handkerchief, with which
she would decorate her bead and igloo
for years to come. ,
The midnight tide lifted the yacht on
an even keel from her makeshift dry
dock op the bcacb, and she was pulled
DR. FREDK8ICK A. COO
out into tbe bay aud anchored for
few hours. Oomnnool vnis but one of
six villages In which the tribe bud di
vided Its 200 people for the current
season. ,
To study tbe people, to further en
courage the game of barter nncl to en
joy tbe rare sport of yachting and
bunting In man's 'northernmost haunts
we prepared to visit as many villages
as possible.
In the morning the anchor was rais
ed, and the yacht set sail to a light
wind beaded for more northern vil
lages. Ducks were secured In abundance.
Seals were given chase, but they were
able to escape our craft. Nearlng
Sauuders Island u herd of walrus wus
seen on a pun of drift Ice for ahead
of tbe yacht. 5
Two with splendid tusks were ob
tained, and two tons of meat blubber
were turned over to our Eskimo al
lies. An Eskimo Widow's Story.
Among the Eskimo passengers pac
ing the deck was a widow, who. In
tears, told us the story of ber life a
story which offered a peep Into the
comedy and tragedy of Eskimo exist
ence. She bud nrrnnged a den under
a shelter of sealskins among the an
chor chains. We bud offered ber a
large bed. with straw in It. and a
place between decks as a letter nest
for her brood of youngsters, but she
refused, suylng she preferred tbe open
air on deck.
She had come from American shores,
and. as a foreign belle, her hand was
sought early. At thirteen Ikwa Intro
duced her to a wedded life not strewn
wiiu blubber. He was cruel and not
always truthful.
Two girla graced their home. One
was now married. When tbe round
est was out of her hood. Ikwa took
tbe children nud Invited her to leave,
saying that he hud taken to wife
Ahtah. a plump niuid and a good
seamstress.
Mauee bad neither advantage, but
she knew something of human nature,
and soon found another husband, a
good dul older, but better than the
drst.- Their life was a hard one. for
Nordlncwah was uot a good hunter,
but their home was peaceable, aulet
nd happy. Two children enlivened
1L Both were at ber side on the
':;-i;!:tf' I
yacht, a boy of eight, the ouly deaf
and dumb Eskimo in all tbe land, and
a thlu, pale weakling of three.
Both bud been condemned by the
Eskimo law of the survival of the at
test, tbe Brst because of Insufficient
senses and the second because It was
under three and still on its mother's
buck when the fulher passed away.
I hey were uot to participate In the
strife of life. But an unusual mother
loved tbeni.
A few days before the previous win
ter the old father, anxious to provide
warm bearskins for the prolonged
night, hud ventured nloue far up Into
tbe mountain. Ills gun went off acci
dentally, and be never returned.
Tbe executor of tbe brother of Ma
nee's former husband was kind 'to
ber for the long night and kept fam
ine from ber door. In the summer
day she had been able to keep herself,
but who could provide for ber for
the night to come? Iler only resource
was to seek the chilled beurt of her
former husband, and we were per
forming .tbe unpleasant 'mission of
taking ber to blm as wife No. 'I.
When we Inter saw Ikwa be did not
thank us for the trouble we hud taken,
but we bad expected no reward.
Tbe speed of the yacht increased as
tbe night advanced. A snow squall
frosted the decks, and to escape tbe
Icy air we sought our warm berths
early. At 4 o'clock In the morning
tbe gray gloom separated and the
warm sun poured forth a suitable
wealth of August rays.
At this time we pnssed the ice bat
tered and storm swept cliff of Cape
Parry. Beyond was Whale sound. On
a sea of gold, strewn wltb Ice Islands
of ultramarine and alabaster, whales
spouted 11 nd walrus shouted. Tbe
grampus wus out early for a fight.
Large flocks of little auks rushed over
ou hurried missions.
Entering Inglefield Gulf.
The wind was light, but tbe engines
pulled us nlong at a pace just fast
enough to allow us to enjoy the superb
surroundings. In the afternoon we
were well Into Inglefield gulf, and near
Ittlblii (here was a strong bead wind
and enough Ice about to engage tbe
eye of the lookout.- r
We aimed here to secure Eskimo
guides and with them seek caribou in
Olrlck's bay. While the yacht was
tacking for a favorable, berth In tbe
drift off Kanga the launch was low
ered and we sought to Interview the
Eskimos of'lttlblu. There were only
ooe woman, n few children nud about
a score of dogs at tbe place. Tbe wo
man talked quickly and explained at
some length that her husband and
others were away on a caribou hunt
and she told us without a leading ques
tlon the news of the tribe for 11 year.
After gasping for breath like a smotb
ered seal, she begun with news of pre
vlous yeurs and m history of the for
gotten ages.. We-storted back for the
launch, and she Invited herself to tbe
pleasure of our company to tbe beach
An Eskimo Trad, '
We had only gone a few steps before
It occurred to her that 'she was In need
of sppiethltig. Would we not give her
few boxes f)( nmtches In exchange
for a narwhal tusk? We $roud be de
lighted, said Mr. Bradley, and u. band
ful of sweets went wltb the bargain
O'er boy brought down two Ivory
tusks, each ejgbj (fte In length. The
two were worth $1&0. " ""
Pad we a knife to spare?" Yes, and.
fin spoon was also given Just to
bow that we were Hfjpra.
ine ynetit was bended northward
across JngleBeid gulf. It Is necessary
fpr deep sea era ft to give Karnab a
wide berfn. There were bergs enough
about to hold the water down, l)ough
an occasional sea rose with a sicken
ing thump. ' . ; ,
The launch towed the dbryi of which
Ma nee and. her children Burp the only
occupants, ; " - '- - r
Karhah was to be ber future borne,
and as we neiyed the shore we tried to
locate Ikwa. but there was not a man
In town. . Five women. fifteen children
and forty-Uv dogs came out to meet
os. The men were on a hunting cam
paign, aud (heir location was not ex
actly koOM-ti. , " . : .
Attuhtuugwob. Manee's rival, a fat,
uusojluble creature, stood on a useful
stone; where we chose to' land.' and did
not. accoinfiKdiit& us wltb footlug on
(by sathe platform. '. ,' V
A Thrifty Eskimo Camp. I '
There were tive sealskin teuts pitch
ed among the bowlders of a glacial
stream. ,Ao Immense quantity of nar
whal meat 'was placed on' tbe rocks,
and stoues to dry. Skins were stretch
ed on tbe grass, and u general air of
thrift was showu about tbe pluce. -
Bundles 'of sealskins, packages of
pelts aud much Ivory were brought out
to trade aud establish friendly Inter
course. We gave them sugar, tobacco
nd ammunition in quantities to suit
tbelr own estimate of value.
The fat woman entered ber tent, and
we saw no more of ber during our
stay, for she did not veuture to trade
as did tbe others. Mauee was kindly
treated by the other village folk., aud a
pot steaming wltb oily meat was soon
served in ber honor. We were cor
dially Invited to partake of the feast,
jut bad a convenient excuse, Just hav
ing finished a meal.
Would we not place ourselves at
tnse and stay for a day or two. as tbelr
husbands would soon return? We were
forced to decline tbelr hospitality, for
without the harbor there was too
much wind to keep tbe yacht waiting.
Eskimos have no system of saluta
tion except a greeting smile or a part
ing look of regret. We got both at the
same time as we stepped into tbe
launch and shouted good by.
Aboard, the eaptain was told to pro
ceed to Cape Robertson. The wind
eased. fog came over from the Inland
Ice und blotted out the landscape down
to about a thousand fet, but under
this the air was clear.
OREGON GALLS-
"MORE
Pass the word to your relatives and friends to come now. X
LOW COLONIST RATES
To Oregon will
September
OREGON RAILROAD
SOUTHERN PACIFIC
(LINES IN OREGON)
From Chicago - $33.00
" St. Louis - 32.00
" Omaha - 25.00
" St. Paul - 25.00
. " Kansas City - - 25.00
Pares Can Be Prepaid
Deposit the amount of the fare with the nearest O. R. & N. or S.
Agent and ticket will be delivered in the East without extra cost
$ Send us the name and address of any one interested in the
- State for Oregon literature.
$ - .
. WM. McMURRAY,
J Generai Passenger Agent
PORTLAND, OREGON.
Frightful Fate Averted.
"I would have been a cripple for
life, from a terrible cut on my knee
cap," writei Frank DiaberrV. Kelllher.
Minn, "without Bucklln's Amine.
New and Elegant
Furniture
Queensware
yiassware
AT
JOSEPH, OREGON
Same Jow pripeg that aaye money
for every customer and account
for our rapidly increasing trade.
J. D, WALCK
Real Estate Dealei
NOTARY PUBI r
Mitchell H:el Block - . ;. JOiEPH. OREGON
To the Citizens of Wallowa County:
v It our purpose to handle any business '
entrusted to us in such & fair anrT liberal
manner as to maKe the customer's rela
tion with this banK satisfactory and
profitable. II Aside from our excellent
facilities, this bank has the advantage of
a large capital and substantial list of
stockholders. It is also a State Deposi
tory. If you are not a customer we
invite yxu to become one.
WpweK and Farmers National Bank
Wallowa, Oregon
MAIL AND PASSENGER
STAGE LINE
Wallowa, Appleton. Flora to Paradise.
. MONDAYS WEDNESDAYS and FRIDAYS; and
fm Pdlse' F,ora Md APPleton U Wallowa.
TUESDAYS. THURSDAYS and SATURDAYS
Good tZrr' tKmt -
E-w- SOUTHW1CK, Proprietor.-
!
PEOPLE"
prevail from the East
15 to October 15
VIA THE
NAVIGATION CO.
-AND
Salve, which soon cured .m.'' In
fallible for wounds,. cuU and bruises,
it soon cures Burns, Scalds, old
Sores Bojls,; Skjn Eropujoqs,
World', best fer.-Pft,, 35ef t Bur
naueh & MavMirVs . . .
ENTERPRISE
OPERA HOUSE
Watgb for
merit
(Continued next week.)