THE NEWS RECORD
(Twlce-a-Week.)
AH INDBFKNIiKKT SBWiH-ArBR
j . a'liwn New, estab
lished March 3. 1803.
Published Wednescays and Satur
days at Enterprise. Oregon, by
THE ENTERPRISE Pr5ES3
Office East slle Court II(hh S-i'iare
filtered In the UtitirprUe p:ui office
a seonil-cUsj matter.
SATURDAY, APRIL 21, 1333.
Emmanuel at rrcsbytorlan church,
April 30.
W. B. APPLEGATE.
Notary Public .
Collections made. Ileal K-ila'e
bought and sold and all busliims
matters ai tended to. Call on or
write me.
PARADISE, OltHGO.W
aw
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A
nmim ImMWi i
. rnwm fat
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pv
A Gentleman
From Mississippi
Fifjh(ini in the United States Senate
For the People Against Corruption
Read in this paper this thrilling story of
life in the United States Senate, of politi
cal intrigue and of love. Novelized from
Thomas Wise's great play.
Illustrated by
Berber, Ryder and Will Jones
L, Bed
Dealer in
Harness, Saddles, Chapps, Spurs, and Leather
Goods of oil descriptions.
I will fit you out . Nvit the best poods for the least
money. When in need cf unythir.gr in my line, c;.ll and
inspet myjstock before purchasing.
ENTERPRISE,
a. a.
.aU&aiU .
King of Blood Remedied
Levy's Oregon Grape Compound.
Sold and guaranteed by Burnaugh &
May field, Enterprise, Oregon.
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.
Department of the Interior,
ij. S. Land Office at La Grande, Or
egon, March 10, 1909.
NntiiH a hc.rcbv Kiven that Henry
. Downs, of Lostlne, Oregon, who
ion July 28, 1993, made Homestead
! Entry No. 13101-Serlal. No. 03999, for
WV SWVl, NKvi SVi. NWV4 SE
..4,"s.-Uon 10, Township 2 South,
llaiipe 13 East, Willamette Meridian,
lia lied iut.ii e of intention to make
; . i.ial Five Ye.ir Proof, to establish
i a m t tli - land above described,
U'fie D. W. S:oiliai, U. S. Cow
mi. ,1 uicr, at Kiiterprlse, Oregon, on
lie ::a li ry of April, 1909.
Claimant names as witnesses:
i o is' (Jijtt'n, Charles E. Van Pelt,
l'aul A. Harris. Floyd W. Ham-
:na k, of Lostlne. Oregon. 58tG
F, C. Dram well, Register.
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OREGON
n
Home Course In
Modern Agriculture
XL Bacteria- How Tliey Affect the Farmer
By C. V. GREGORY.
Agricultural 7ixUon. lotua Stall Collect
Copyright. 1909. bv American Press Association
w
E hear a great deal abonr
bacteria, or gprms, as they
are more popularly called,
but few Deoule know u'lint
they really are. Although they are
so small that It would take several
thousand together to ranke a spot
large enough to be seen with the
nnked eye, yet their Importance to
the farmer Is not measured by their
size.
Bacteria are tiny plants, each com
posed of a Khi.;le cell. These cells
are of vnrl-ius shapes and sizes. Some
are rouml, some long and some shaped
llt;c a. corkscrew. Some are found
Kingly and some In groups. Some
cunnoc move at ail, some more by
twisting themselves about, and still
others have long, tall-like flagella by
which they move themselves along.
Bacteria are made up of a clear,
Jellylike material called protoplasm.
This protoplasm Is surrounded by a
harder cell wall. There Is a great
difference In the thickness of these
cell wuIIh, and on this thickness de
pends to a large extent the ability of
the germs to withstand unfavorable
conditions. Those with thru cell walls
can bo killed easily, while the thicker
walled kinds are very difficult to ex
terminate. Bacteria propagate themselves by
dividing. One cell divides Into two.
Each of these two grows to full size
and divides again, and so on. Under
favorable conditions this process may
be repeated every half hour. At this
rate the descendants of one germ
would In ten hours number more than
a million.
At times the part of the, protoplasm
of a germ will gather Into a round,
comparatively hard mass, called a
spore. The rest of the cell then crum
bles awny. This spore Is Inactive, but
possesses much greater powers of re
sistance than w-hen In the active state.
These spores often remain olive to
start the Infection afresh after the
active bacteria have all been killed by
disinfection.
Bacteria, like higher plants, have
definite requirements for growth. One
of the most important of these Is mois
ture. Drying will not kill bacteria, but
It will stop their multiplication. An
other essential to bacterial growth Is
warmth. Cold, like dryness, will not
kill them, but It will stop them from
multiplying. This Is the reason that
the souring of milk or the spoiling of
meat, which Is caused by bacteria,
jjoes on much more slowly or not at
all when they are kept In a cold place.
One of the prluclpal foods of bacte
ria Is nitrogen. Without It they con
not live. Because of this fact sugar
and lard, which contain no nitrogen,
never spoil. Bacteria also require oxy
gen, though only certain species ore
dependent on the air for their supply.
One of these Is the kind that causes
meat nud vegetables to decoy. This Is
why canned fruit and vegetables do
not spoil. The bactrrta have been
killed and the oxygen driven off by
heating. The few germs that do get in
before the can Is sealed up cannot de
velop for lack of air. If the can Is not
air tight, however, some oxygen will
find Its way In. the germs will multi
ply, and the contents will spoil.
Not all bacteria are Injurious. Al
though some of man's most deadly en
emies are found among these Invisible
micro-organisms, yet many of them
are Ills best friends. We have already
learned about the bacteria that live on
the roots of legumes and change th?
nitrogen cf the air Into a form l-j
FIO. XXI BOM 1YPES or BACTKKIi.
which It con be used by plants. The
rotting of manure and trash to make
humus and of humus to make the ele
ments of plant food available Is also
due to the action of bacteria. In this
way bacterid, by making animal
wastes available for plant food, com
plete the circle of plant and antmal
life.
The rarefying bacteria, or those
which cause rotting, are more benefi
cial than harmful. By their action
dead animals and other refuse matter
re Quickly reduced to the elements
from which they were u.le. Even the
odor given off during the process 1
also beneficial as a reminder that the
matter of burying or burning has been
neglected.
Other micro-organisms In the form
ef yeast are a necessary help In bread
making. The yeast plants, growing in
the dough, set free considerable
amounts of carbon dioxide. This gas
In trying to escape Oils the dough with
holes and spaces, making It "rise."
The bacteria which cause milk and
cream to sour are also useful. Butter
made from sweet cream Is lacking In
I uvi, ,uu uivrr ia qui bo muca or K.
since the globules of batter fat do not
collect as readily as to sour cream.
But while the germ that cans milk
j to sour are harmless, there art others
J5
i T
often found In milk that are not. The
first variety will always lie plentiful
enough auyway, and the others should
be kept down to as small u number us
possible.
One of the most Important methods
of doing this Is by cleanliness. The
milk pails and strainers and the sepa
rator should be tliorouElily cleaned
every time they ore used. Mere rins
ing with cold woter is not enough
Following the ordinary washing by
scalding with boiling water Is the only
sure way of killing all the germs. Iu
cleaning dishes a brush Is much bettei
than a rag, since it can be more easily
ileaned itself. A dish rag remains
damp for a long time after it has been
usc-d and furnishes an excellent place
for bucteriu to grow. The "dish rag
flavor" caused by these can often be
detected In butter.
After the dishes have been scalded
they should be placed In the sun for
several hours. There should be as
Y1Q. XXII HOW SlOHBS AI1E FORMED.
much sunshine us possible In the milk
room and cow stable also. Sunlight,
which Is so necessary to the growth of
the higher plants, Is fatal to bacteria.
The stable where the milking Is
done should be cleaned and aired
every day. A coat of whitewash
should be applied occasionally, as In
addition to being a good germ killer It
also makes the stable much lighter
Ilay should not -be fed Immediately
before milking, ns the dust from It If
covered with bacteria. The udder.
and flanks of the cows should be kept
perfectly clean. A little dirt falling
from them Into the milk will take
with It thousands of germs. The milk
should not be. left in the barn nfter it
Is drawn, but taken immediately to
the milk room.
Many crenmerles and city milk deal
ers practice pasteurization. This sim
ply consists In heating the milk to ns
high a temperature as possible with
out scalding It. This kills most of the
germs, and the few that are left wlli
not develop rapidly enough to do
tnuch harm. In creameries a starter
that Is, a portion of milk which con
tains a particular kind of bacteria Is
added after pasteurization and the
cream then "ripened" for twelve hour;
or so. By thus supplying germs which
are known to produce desirable fla
vors and killing the others butter of
very high quality may be made.
There are bacteria everywhere in
the soil, in the air aud lu the water.
By far the greater number of these
are harmless. Even disease germs
are unable to obtain a foothold In a
perfectly healthy animal or person.
The seeretlous of the mouth and the
digestive organs are fatal to many of
them. Even If they succeed lu get
ting Into the blood they are not yet
out of danger. The blood contains
large numbers of white corpuscles,
which seem to have uo duty to per
form but to seize and destroy these
Invaders. It is only when nu aulmal
becomes weakened from one cause or
another that these corpuscles fall to
do their duty and the germs begin their
destructive work.
The first step In avoiding Infection
by disease producing bacteria, then.
Is to keep the animals healthy by
proper feed, exercise nud shelter. The
, next point Is to do everything possi
ble to prevent the germs from getting
into the aiilmal's body.
Iu case a contagious disease of any
sort appears the sick animals should
be shut up by themselves ns fur as
possible from the rest of the herd.
Disinfectants, such as coal tar dips
and bichloride of mercury (one part
of the chemical, two parts salt aud
1,0(10 parts water), should be used
freely. Care should be taken not to
carry the germs from the sick ani
mals to the well ones whtle caring for
them.
Wounds, such as wire cuts, need es
pecial care to prevent Infection. Or
dinary disinfectants are too Irritating,
yet something must be done to keep
the bacteria from attacking the raw
surfaces. Keeping the wouud bouud
up tightly and sprinkling dally with
powdered Iodoform Is one of the best
ways of insuring rapid healing.
The germ problem, like the problem
of weeds and Insects, Is easily solved
if it Is gone at In the right way.
Cleanliness, sunlight and disinfection
will do much to hold the Injurious
ones In check, and the others need
no encouragement to continue doing
their Invisible though none the less
real work to help us. There Is no espe
cial reason why the germ problem
should be made matter of constant
uneasiness on the part of the farmer.
It requires scientist to discriminate
between ' bacteria that are injurious
and those that are necessary, aud In
the meantime it Is sufficient for the
ordinary agriculturist to lie diligent In
Intrenching himself behind cleanliness.
Thus fortified he will have little occa
sion to make a special study of bac
teria. It tb scientists do that.
Up Before the Bar.
N. H. Brown, an attorney, oi Plttg-
field, Vt., write3 "We have used Dr.
King's New Life Pills for years and
find them such a good family medi
cine we wouldn't be without them.'
For Chills, Constipation, Biliousness
or Sick Headache they work wonders
25c. All druggists.
A Woman's Aim.
The queen of hearts ah stole some darts
Right out of Cupid's quiver.
She aimed a dart at Willie's heart
But shot him through the liver.
Llpp.ncott's Magaxlne.
I'd Rather Die, Doctor,
than have my feet cut off," said M.
L. Uingham, of Princevllle, 111., "but
you'll die from gangrene (which had
eaten away eight toes) if you don't,'
said all doctors. Instead he used
Bucklen's Arnica Salve till wholly
cured. Its cures of Eczema, Fever
gores, Bolls, Burns and Piles as
tound the world. 25c. at all drug
gists.
Geography Class.
The Teacher Now. Johnny, yon may
tell me how the earth Is divided.
The Pupil By earthquakes. Cleve
land Leader.
Used by the Multitude.
Levy's Oregon Grape Compound.
For eeneral spring tonic. Sold 'and
guaranteed by Buruaugh & Mayfield,
.... iwauiiunairy measure.
"Why do you laugh so hurriedly
when your husband tells a story?"
"If I don't laugh promptly he tells
It all over" again." Cleveland Plain
Dealer.
For dyspepsia, indigestion and loss
of appetite take Levy's Oregon Grape
Compound. Sold and guaranteed by
Burnaugh & Mayfield, Enterprise,
Oregon.
Just So.
Fred-There goes a trim little lady.
Joe Naturally. She's a milliner.
Town Topics.
Rheumatism.
More than nine out of every ten
cases of rheumatism are simply rheu
matism of the muscles, due to cold
or damp,' or chronic rheumatism. In
such cases no Internal treatment is
required. The free application of
Chamberlain's Liniment is all that
Is needed, and it is certain to give
quick relief. Give it a trial and see
for yourself how quickly it relieves
the pain and soreness. The medi
cines usually given for rheumatism
are poisonous or very strong medi
cines. They are worse than useless
In cases of chroalc and muscular
rheumatism. For sale by Burnaugh
& Mayfield.
A Song of the 8tre.
Boms day the merry birds will call
Some day the sun wUl shine so clear.
Borne day. oh, sweetest thought of an.
The grimy snow will disappear!
Washington Star.
SAept Over Niagara.
This terrible calamity often hap
pens because a careless boatman ig
nores the river's warnings growing
ripples and faster current. Nature's
wernlngs are kind. That dull pain
or ache in the back warns you the
kidneys need attention if you would
escape fatal maladies Dropsy, Dia
betes or BrlgUt's disease. Take Eiec
trie Bitters at once and see Back
ache fly and all your best feelings
return." After long suffering from
weak kidneys and lame back, one $1
bottle wholly cured me," writes J. R.
Blankenship, of Belk, Tenn. Only
50c at all druggists.
At the Opera.
Twinkle, twinkle, little star.
Of course I know just what you are.
I saw you with a burlesque show.
'Twaa more than fifty years ago.
Chicago News.
Foley's Honey and Tar Is a safe
guard against serious results from
spring colds, which inflame the lungs
and develop Into pneumonia. Avoid
counterfeits, by insisting upon hav
ing the genuine Foley's Honey and
Tar, which contains ' no harmful
drugs. Burnaugh & Mayfield.
A Proposal. '
Geraldine-Llfe Is what we make It
Gerald-Let's make It bearta.-New
tork Herald.
A Healing Salve for Burns, Chapped
Hands and Sore Nipples,
As a healing salve for burns, sores,
sore nipples and chapped hands
Chamberlain's Salve, is most excel
lent It allays the pain of a burn al
most Instantly, and unless the In
jury is very severs, heals the parts
without a scar. Price, 25 cents. For
sale by Burnaugh & Mayfield.
Mr. Impecune.
Tou think him your friend.
But. as sure as yon live,
Wben he asks yon to lend
He expects yon to give.
New York Telegram,
Nature's Remedy.
Levy's Oregon Grape Compound.
Enriches your blood. Regulates kid
ney and liver. Sold and guaranteed
by Burnaugh ft Mayfield, Enterprise),
Oregon.
Read the advertisements.
LODi.E DIRECTORY.
I 0 0 F ENTEnpRlSB lodgk no
KMERALD RBBEKAH LODGE, No. lit
K fl ENTERPRISE) LODGE, No.
. ofr.
JUANITA TEMPLE, No. 1, Pythias
Sisters.
annum enterprise chapter.
IVinuUNlU.Nu. 30, Royal Arch Masons,
meets first and third Tuesdays of each
month in Masonlo Halt All visiting
Royal Arch Masons welcomed.
J. B. OLMSTED, High Priest.
D. W. SHEAHAN, Secretary.
WALLOWA LODGE, No. 82, A. F. at
A. M., meets second and fourth Satur
days of each month in Masonic Halt.
Visiting Masons welcomed
J. A. BURLHIGH. W. M.
W C. BOATMAN, Secretary. -
WALLOWA VALLEY CHAPTER, Wo
50, O. E. S. meets first and third Sat
urdays of each month. In Masonic Hall '
Visiting Stars are always welcomed.
MRS. ELVA L. FRENCH, W M.
MRS. MARY E. STEEL, Bee,
MUI EAGLE CAMP, No. 10497, M
. Il-n.W. A Meets first and third
Thursdays in each month. In new Fra
ternal halL Visiting Neighbors alway
welcome.
3. W. RODQERS Consul.
T. M. DILL, Clerk.
ANEROID CAMP, No. 3642, R N. of A.
Wfl Ul ENTERPRISE CAMP. No
.U. II. 535. W. Of W.
ALMOTA CIRCLE. No. 278. W. of W.
S. K. Clark
Plumber. A Steam Fitter
Full line of plumbing
u aterial.
Satisfaction Guaranteed
Shop at Keltner's Hardware Store
Leave Orders.
ENTERPRISE
OPERA HOUSE
Watch for -Next
Announce
ment Nature Provides
but one
California
It is the natural winter
home of many 'fcousand
of the wor'd 's best peopie.
Under the gentle influence
of its mild winter cl;mate,
every amusement and
recreaMon abounds. Such
bathing, boating, fishing,
driving; such picnics, par
ties and "jollifications.'
GO TO
Los Angeles, Paso Robles
Hot Springs, Hotel del
Mente, Santa Barbara,
Venice, Long Beach Sant i
Cruz, or a score of similar
resorts and you will find
health, congenial sur
roundings, hospitable
associates, faultless ac
commodations and num
berless attractions and
conveniences.
The O.R. & N.C0.
Connecting with
The Southern Pacific Co.
Make inexpensive round trip
excursion rates to California
A six months stopover
ticket Wallowa to Los
Anpreles and return ip "
$76 80
Corresponding rates are i ef
feet to other points.
We have some very distinctive
literature covering California's
winter resorts, and will tske .
pleasure in giving yon all of the
information and assistance at '
our command.
For tickets, sleeping car reservations
etc, call on, telegraph or writ
E. T. Campion, Agent, Wallowa.
r
WM. McMURRT, . aoknt.
Portland, "7on.
Smoke th Advertiser sad bo
happy.