THE NEWS RECORD
(Twice-a-Week.)
AX 1 SDEPEM EM NEWIPifE
a 1 )wa Newa. estab
lished March 2. 1H'J3.
Published Wednesdays and Satur- .
days at Enterprise, Oregon, by !
THE ENTERPRISE PRESS
Office East side Court House Square ;
Entered in the Enterprise paJtoffice
m 3e .-oid-eUsi matter.
SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 1909.
OREGON BRIEFLETS
The United States Na.lonel Bank
If Portland has been approved as
reserve agent for the First National
Eank of Nor:h Bend.
At a meeting of the Va?co County
Horticultural Society, hell at The
Lalles last week. The Dalits Fruit
growers' L'nlan was formed
The senate has passed Senator
Fulton's bill appropriating $175,000
for a site and public building at As
toria. The controller of the currency has
approved the conversion of the
Douglas County Bank, of Rosebur?,
Into the Douglas National Ban!:,
with $50,000 capital.
The oldest horse In Oregon died
near Burns at the age of 4 3 years.
The animal was an Indian pony and
was owned by the late Captain Jack
Kelley, the Iudlan fighter of Lava
Beds fame.
The Baker City Light and Power
Company has been i b ,rbed by -he
Elkhorn Light & Power Co::ip.my,
which has plants In l'on. Cove and
La Grande. The new company may
also manufacture and sell gas.
Threshing men of Clackamas
county met in Oregon City and or
ganized the Clackamas County
Threshers' Assoclction. The consti
tution and by-laws of the state as-
oclation were adop .ed.
Representative Hawley secured ;
passage through the house of his bill j
to pay S. It. Green $206, being the
amount of postal money stolen from j
the postofllce safe at Oregon CI;y j
when he was - stmas er, which
amount he had u. pay the govern
ment. Walter Johnson, convicted of the
murder of Elmer Perdue, of Spo
kane, was hanged In the penitentiary
at Salem last week. The crime oc
curred In the mountains near Hllls
boro, while ths men were on a tim
ber cruising trip. Robbery was the
motive.
Lebanon has taken the lead of all
cities In the state this year in pre
paring to celebrate the Fourth ot
July. At recent meeting of the
BuBinesB Men's League It was decid
ed to celebrate and preliminary plans
for a big celebration were Inaugu
rated. Not a single person has been sent
to the Penitentiary from Linn coun
ty for the past two years. This
county has always been remarkably
free from crime, but this is the
longest period In the memory of
court officers without at least one
commitment to the state prison.
Three counties In this state, Ben
ton, Lincoln and Yamhill, have not
a single prisoner In the state peni
tentiary. This Is shown by the bi
ennial report of the superintendent,
C. W. James, who has classified the
prisoners as to their crimes, length
of sentence and county from which
committed.
Unkempt, dirty and with his ankle
so badly sprained that he cannot
stand without assistance, Robert
Gerrlsh, who escaped from the Ore
gon Insane asylum last November,
was found In a barn at Oakland Fri
day night and taken back to the
asylum. He can give no account of
his wanderings or the cause of his
Injury.
Before the noxt regular river and
harbor bill Is framed by congress,
a report will have been submitted
by the army engineers, passing upon
the necessity tor a SO-foot channel
from Portland to the sea, and that
report will be accompanied by the
outline of a project and estimate of
cost. If the report Is favorable, it
will be binding upon congress, and
It Is reasonable to presume that the
new work will be started under au
'Cartful Banking Insurts tht Saftty of Deposits,"
Depositors Have That (iuarantee at
WALLOWA NATIONAL BANK
OF ENTEIM'RISrJ, OREGON
CAPITAL I.W00
SURPLUS $30,000
Wc Do a General Banking Business.
Exchange Bought and Sold on
All Principal Cities.
Cleo V. Hyatt, 1'rvt.Ulent
Uet. 8. Craig. Vice l'rrwlileut
1)1 K KtTOHS
Gko.S. Ckaiu Hko. V. Hyatt Mattik A. Holmes
J. II. Dohbin - W. K. Holm ics
ENTERPRISE
HKS1 OF MKA1S
Highest Market
I'rlce for
Hides and Felts
1
PROPRIETORS
thority contained In the bill.
Four tramps were discovered In
an alley at the rear of a Salim
brewery Saturday morning by the
police. Two of the men were nearly
dead and several hours were re
quired to resuscitate them. The
other two were unconscious and all
were taken to jail in an express
wagon. They had been drinking
wood alcohol and had fallen asleep
In the middle of a mudhole and were
nearly drowned as well as frozen.
It is possible two of them will not
survive.
R. S..Pmlth, of Klamath Falls,
representing the Water Users' Asso
ciation on the Klamath irrigating
project. Is In Washington In confer
ence with the reclamation service
and the secretary of the Interior, in
the hope of securing a modification
of the order Imposing a charge for
water right. Water rights at Klam
ath have been fixed at $30 per acre,
divided into 10 equal payments. He
wants the department to make the
first payment $1 or $1.25 per acre
and gradually Increase the amount
so that the last payment will bring
the toial to $30. Smith says settlers
will have difficulty In paying $3 per
acre the first year.
After consultation with officials of
the reclamation service. Representa
tive EUls has written to settlers un
der the proposed Malta ?ur irrigator
project, informing them thrt the
government will gladly take up and
build that proect if they themselves
will promptly get together and In
duce all landowners, including the
Wagon Road Company, to Join the
Water Users' Association in agree
ing to sell their surplus lands when
the water Is ready for delivery and
Me application for water rlgh's for
all Irrigable lands. The project 1?
attrac'ive to the government engin
eer.", more so than many others un
der consideration, but It is up to the
peonle themselvps to say whether or
not It shall be built now or later.
Increase in Tlllamooi Dairying.
Tillamook Tillamook county's
principal industry, dairying, shows
a gratifying increase over the yaar
1907, as is evidenced by the reports
ot three cheesi factories Just made
public. . The three manufactured
532,553 pounds of cheese, wb'.cb
brought in ' a revenue of $65,720.
During 1908 the averaga price for
butter fat was several cents lower
than In previous years The average
yield of cheese to the 100 pounds o'
milk was 10.9 pounds for these three
factories.
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.
Department of the Interior.
, U F. land O.llJe at La Grande, Ore-
I Kon. Palmary 15, 1909.
! Notice is hereby given that Charles B.
Hiri.er, ot Ll;htn.nK, Oregon, who, on
Jily 21, 1 01. male Homestead Entry
No. 13723-Serl.il, No. 01200, for Lots 1
a d :, SWfc NE14, NW14 SEfc, Sec
; dun :, Towimhlp 3 Nor'h, Range 49
: East Wil a-nette Meridian, has fl'.ei
nutl e of Intention to make Final five
year I roof, to establish claim to the
land abo.e dejcrl'.el, before D. W,
!-halun, U. P. Commissioner, at En-
tT iilse, Cre on, cn the 6th day of
Aprl', 19)9.
C aimant names as witnesses: Charles
I C. Hclmes, Colonel F. Graves, Guy C,
. Horner, Wl.llam P. Rankin, all of Light'
: nlng, Ore.-ron.
F. C. Bramwell, Register.
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.
Department of the Interior.
U. .. Land Office at La Grande, Ore
gon, tei.rcary IB, 1909.
Notice Is lieieby given that Ezeklel
F. Fargeant, of .Enterprise, Oregon, who
on Oi tolier 2 th, 1903, made Homestead
Entry No. 13322 Serial, No. . 03269, for
the North-east quarter of Section 34,
Township 1 N.. Range 46, East, Wll. Me
ridian has fi e I notice of Intention to
make ilnal five year proof, to establish
claim to the land above described, before
U. W. Sheahan, U. 8. Commissioner, at
his o. flee In Enterprise, Oregon, on the
Cth da of April, 1909.
Claimant names as witnesses: Harry
N. Vaughan. Elmer J. Jewell, Delmar
Pargeant and Lora E. Allen, all of
Enterpr.se, Oregon.
F. C Bramwell, Register.
For that Terrible Itching.
Eczema, tetter and salt rheum keep
their victims In perpetual torment.
The application ot Chamberlain's
Salve will Instantly allay this Itching
and many cases have been cured by
Its use. For sale by Burnaugh &
i Mayfleld.
V. R. Holmes, Cashier
Frank A. lUavls. Aont. Cashier
MEAT MARKET
ALWAYS ON HANI).
INDEPENDENT
PHONE 20
Home Course In
Modern Agriculture
II. How Plants Eat and Grow
By C. V. GREGORY.
Agricultural Tix)Ufon. Iotoa St ait Collect
Copyright. 1903, by American Press Association
EVERT grorlng plant Is a little
factory. The green coloring
' matter of the leaves, or chlo
rophyll. Is the engine. Tbe
tnnlight is tbe power that makes the
'ngroe go, and tl,e air, water and some
of the substances in the soil are the
raw materials.
Under the stimulating influence of
sunlight tbe chlorophyll takes the car
bon dioxide gas of the nlr and the wa
ter, nitrogen and minerals which the
roots send up In the form of crude sap
and tears th?m to pieces. Then it puts
them together again In hundreds of
dlffurcut ways. It makes them iuto
starch of the potato or the sugar of
the sugar beet. It puts tbea together
In another way and makes tbe bard,
horny gluten of a kernel of popcorn or
the tough fiber of a cornstalk. By
MO. Ill TBI OBOWTH OF COBS BOOTS.
building them up In still different ways
It makes the bard wocd of the oak or
the delicate petals of a rose. Man.
with all his skill and machinery, has
never been able to make any products
half so wonderful as are being made
every day in every field on your farm.
If plants are to grow rapidly and
produce large yields, they must be well
fed. About half tbe dry weight of a
mature plant is made up of carbon.
Practically all of this comes from the
carbon dioxide of the air. Every acre
of wheat will use a ton of this gas or
all that is in a layer of air three miles
deep over the acre. Tbe constant mix
ing of the air by the wind Is always
bringing fresh supplies within reach of
the plant.
Tbe farmer does not need to concern
himself with the supply of carbon di
oxide, for every time be builds a fire
or even breathes he Is adding to the
store of this material in the air.
Tbe smooth upper surface of a leaf
Is both air and water tight On the
underside, however, are many small
openings, which ore really the mouths
of the plant. It is through these tiny
hnlpfl thflt rnrhon HIatIHa la 4 iItpti Into
the leaf to be used by the chlorophyll.
In making starch and other products
out of carbon dioxide and water some
oxygen Is given off. This passes out
through the openings In the leaves.
Thus you see that plants breathe In
much the same way as animals do,
only they give off oxygen, the product
whltb Is used by animals, and take up
carbon dioxide, tbe gas which Is
breathed out by animals. In this way
plants make animal life possible. Ani
mals give off carbon dioxide and
manure as waste products. Plants
tear these waste products to pieces
und by rebuilding them make them
once more into food for tbe animals.
Next to carboa hydrogen and oxy
gen are tbe foods that the plant uses
In largest quantities. Since water Is
composed of tbese elements, the sup
ply will be plentiful as long as there
Is plenty of water In the soil.
There Is one element, nitrogen,
which forms a considerable part of
tbe plant, that Is harder to get V'hllo
three-fourths of the air Is rUn-sen.
the plant does not seem to be able to
use It in this form. Tbe only kind of
plants that can use the nitrogen to the
air" at "aTlafeThe "legumes, such as
clover and alfalfa. Certain bacteria
that Mve on the roots of tbese legumes
have tbe power of changing tbe at
mospheric nitrogen Into forms In
which the plant can use It We shall
study more about this process later.
Nitrogen Is one of tbe most impor
tant plant' foods, and it la one that is
very often lacking. If the plant can
not get a sufficient supply of nitrogen
It will be stunted, will stop growing
early, and the yield will be very mucb
reduced. Since all tbe crops, with tbe
exception of the legumes, must get
their nitrogen from tbe soli, the farm
er must see to It that there Is a plen
tiful supply ttaerelf Tie wishes to ob
tain a large yield.
If you will drop a little rich black
soil on a hot shovel some of It will
go up In smoke. Tbe part that burns Is
humus and is made up of vegetable and
animal . matter which Is partly de
cayed. ' This humus contains large
amounts of nitrogen, and from this
source the greater share of this ele
ment used by the plant must come. If
your soil Is black, spongy and well
supplied with humus there Is little
danger that the plant will go hungry
for nitrogen. One of the best ways to
keep a field In this condition Is to ap
ply liberal quantities of barnyard ma
nure. Another way Is to plow under
green crops, specially clover. Some
times It Is necessary to buy nitrogen
for the plant In the form of commer
' tal fertilisers, but this Is a very ex
narva way of obtaining It
4ven when the plant Is given ell tbe
iltrogen it can use it torn i times falls
.o do well. Th Is because It cannot
ret as much of the mineral elements
as" It needs.
Too much nitrogen in proportion to
tbe amount of mineral elements causes
the plant to "go all to vines." There
will be an excessive growth of leaves,
but the yield of grain will be small.
Take an car of corn or a bunch of hay
and burn it The ashes that are left
are tbe mineral parts of tbe plant
These cannot be obtained from air or
water, but must come from the soli
Some of the most important of these
are Iron, which is tbe substance that
helps to build up chlorophyll, and sul
phur, which is found in tbe nitroge
nous parts of tbe plant There are a
number of others also, nil of which
are present In tbe soil In such large
amounts that there will probably al
ways be all that the crops can use.
Two of these minerals, however, po
tassium and phosphorus, are not so
plentiful. When tie plant cannot get
enough potassium the grain will not
be filled out well. If there is too little
phosphorus, especially In the case of
fruit trees, the development of fruit
is checked. Adding barnyard manure
to tbe soil helps to keep up the supply
of these two materials. On farms
where little stock is kept or where
grain has been raised continually for
years and little attention paid to the
soil It Is sometimes necessary to apply
phosphorus and potassium in the form
of commercial fertilizers.
In the eastern part of this country
there are many farms that have" be
come so badly -run down that crops
will not grow at all unless they are
fed with commercial fertilizers. Tbese
are very expensive, and It often takes
nearly all a farmer makes to pay his
fertilizer bills. Tbese farms would
never have become so worn out If they
find "been lroperly"careaT"7br. Leaving
plowed ground, especially on hillsides,
exposed for several months during the
fall and winter allows much plant food
to wash away. Growing the same
crop year after year wears out tbe
land rapidly. Different crops require
different kinds of food. By changing
crops from year to year no one food
material Is used to excess and the
others wasted. By keeping as mucb
stock on tbe farm as possible, saving
the manure carefully and spreading it
on tbe fields before it rots or leaches
away and by using leguminous plants
to gather nitrogen the soli can be kept
well supplied with plant food.
It Is mucb more profitable to feed
tbe crops In this way than to buy
plant food on the market at excessive
! Pr,ceB- "ually. however, the plant Is
! fr tne mlne1 events not
j because e nre .not ,n the toll, but
because they are in a form in which
It cannot get at them. Tbe roots of
the plant spread all through the soil
in search of food. If you will look at
a little root through a magnifying
glass you will see that it Is covered
with root balrs. It Is through these
root hairs tbat the plant takes up food
from tbe soil. There are no openings
directly Into them, but tbe walls are
so thin tbat the water can soak
through to the Inside. Solid sub
stances, of course, cannot get In, so
that the plant food must be dissolved
In wdter before It can get Into tbe
roots and so up to the chlorophyll
which Is waiting to build it Into seeds
or leaves,
If the soli has been worked until it
Is fine and loose each little particle
-4
VIO. IV St AONIF1KO SECTION OF TJNDJtB
8IDM OF LUf SHOWEia BBSATiLWU
POBJBS A, A, A.
will become surrounded by water,
which will readily dissolve tbe plant
food from it It on the other hand,
the soli Is in tbe form of chunks and
clods very little of the plant food can
be dissolved. The plant food that Is
on the Inside of a clod might as well
be out In tbe road or over on one of
tbe neighbors' farms.
Some of the potassium and phos
phorus will not dissolve even when
brought In contact with water. It
takes a long contact with the air to
sause chemical actions which will
change It Into a soluble form. Con
tinual stirring of tbe soil hastens this
change. Thorough stirring also loos
ens up the ground so that air can get
down to the roots. Without aid they
will stop growing and the entire work
of the plant will stop. The yellow ap
pearance of a patch of corn In a low
place where the ground Is water soar
ed Is due to lack of air about the
roots.
NOTICE OF GUARDIAN'S SALE OF
REAL PROPERTY.
In the County Court of the State of
Oregon, for Wallowa County.
Notice la hereby given that by vir
tue of an order of the above-entitled
Court, made and entered on the 8th
lay of January. 1909, licensing, au
thorizing and empowering the under-.
signed guardian of the estate of Beu
ah Bunnell and Irene Bunnell, min
jrs, to sell all or the Interest of the
jaid minors in and to the E of
:he NW Vi and the W V4 of the NE
4 ot Section 35 In Township 1 North
oi Range 44 E. W. XI. in Wallowa
County, Oregon, the same being an
undivided one-third Interest, I will
from and after the 12th diy of Feb
ruary, 1909, proceed to sell at private
sale all of the interest of said min
ors in and to the said described real
property. The terms of said sale
are as follows: the eatire purchase
price is to be pali in cash.
Dated this 13th day of January,
1909.
MINNIE AKINS, Guardian.
First Insertion Jan. 14, 1909; last
Feb. 11. 1909.
BURLEIGH & BOYD, Attorneys for
Guardian. 21t5
Lame Shoulder.
TMi Is a common form of muscu
lar rheumatism. No internal treat
ment is needed. Apply cnanwer
aln's Liniment freely three times a
day and a quick cure is certain
rbis liniment has proven especially
valuable for muscular and chronic
rheumatism. Sold by Burnaugh &
Mayfleld.
SECOND-HAND STORE
iODGERS
Bicycles and Bicycle
Supplies Bicycle and Gun Repair Shop. Furniture made or
Repaired, Screen Doors and Window made to order, (iive ua
a trial Onr price are rich! and all work pnaranteed.
We Have
and only complete line
Call and inspect oar goods and compare oar prices
with others.
S.D. KELTNER,
THE HARDWARE DEALER.
j MILLIONS OF 1
AT LOWEST RATES. ON EASIEST TERMS.
Wm. Miller & Brother,
SUITE 204, Wallowa National BanK Building,
Enterprise, Oregon.
General BlacKsmithing
JtorsesAoeny a Specialty
It V H
li&ndle t
u chi inn
Vl-'l i i
Clllt)lt.'
f nif.
v i Hack,
Mock in thi
S. E Combes,
Enterprise, Oregon,
1
Did It Ever Occur To You That A
Telephone in Your Home
Provides safety, convenience, economy and
pleasure, and makes your home life com
plete? Its cost is little, its benefits are
manifold.
Home Independent Telephone Co
Covering Union and Wallowa Counties
MAIL AND PASSENGER
STAGE LINE
Wallowa. Appleton. Flora lo Paradise,
MONDAYS, WEDNESDAYS and FRIDAYS: and
Frci Paradise, Flora ud Appleton U Wallowa,
TUESDAYS, THURSDAYS and SATURDAYS.
Good acninio1atlnn, murtioua
Leave Wallo-vit at a. in
E. W. SOUTHWICK. Proprietor
ADMINI8TRAT0R-8 NOTICE.
In the County Court of the State
Oregon, for Wallowa County.
In the Matter of the Estate of
Martha J. Brown, Deceased.
Notice Is hereby given, that the un
dersigned, the administrator of the
estate of Martha J. Brown, deceased.
has filed his final account of his
administration of the said estate
with the Clerk of the County Court
In and for said County of Wallowa,
and that the County Court of said
Wallowa County, by order duly made
ind entered, has fixed Friday,
March 12th. 1909, at the hour of ten
.o'clock in the forenoon of said day,
as the time, and the County Court
room in the County Court House In
the City of Enterprise, in said coun
ty, as the place, to hear objections
to said final account and settle the
same. All parties Interested in said
estate having objections thereto, if
any there be, are notified to pre
sent the same, in writing, at said
time and place.
Dated this 9th day of March, 1909.
J. A. BURLEIGH,
Administrator of the Estate of
Martha J. Brown, Deceased. 25t5
GAME LAWS.
Any person knowing of anv viol i
tion of the game or fish laws of tb
state, or of persons not proper'
keeping screens over lrrlgatlo
ditches, are requested to notify
JOE CLEMON3,
Deputy State Game and Fortn
Warden, Zumwalt, Oregon. 4ltf
Read the advertisements.
BROS., mum i.-.i
The Best
of Hardware in the County
K iukv, Plow or Ha i row ifintml-e
line and you will nave or nt-y by
treatment
and reasonable nit.
I Y