Z PAfili f f t O Ashland M&t twiaoe _ mg to take the unfavorable chance, Tidings If the favorable one also is theirs and they can retain for themselves a part Established 1876 of the service charges that are uni­ Published Every Evening Except form, in good years and bad, with Sunday high prices and low. TH E ASHLAND PRINTING CO. While, in the main, the farmer must OFFICIAL CITY AND COUNTY sell, regardless of market conditions, PAPER at the time of the maturity of crops, TELEPHONE 39 he cannot suspend production in toto. He must go on producing if he is to go Subscription Price Delivered in City: By BERNARD M. BARUCH on living, and if the world Is to exist. One month .................................. 3 .65 The most he can do is to curtail pro­ Three m o n t h s .............................. 1.95 duction a little or alter Its form, and Six months ......................... • . . . 5.75 that—because he is In the dark as to On« year ........................... . 7.50 the probable demand for his goods— Mail and R ural R outes (Reprinted from Atlantic Monthly) may be only to Jump from the frying One month .................................. 3 .65 pan into the fire, taking tbs consumer Three months .............................. 1-95 with him. lix months .................................. 3.50 Even the dairy farmers, whose out­ O b « year .................................... 6.6t put Is not seasonal, complain that they ADVERTISING RATES of their inability to meet mortgages or find themselves at a disadvantage In Display Advertising The whole rural world Is In a fer­ to pay current bills, and how, seeking the marketing of their productions, Single insertion, each in c h ........... 30c ment of unrest, and there Is an un­ relief from their Ills, they are plan­ especially raw ' milk, because of the YEARLY CONTRACTS paralleled volume and intensity of de­ ning to form pools, Inaugurate farm high costs of distribution, which they Display Advertising era* strikes, and demand legislation must ultimately bear. One time a w eek.............................. 27 %c termined, If not angry, protest, and an abolishing grain exchanges, private Two times a week..............................25 c ominous sw’arming of occupational con­ cattle markets, and the like, we ought III Every other d a y ................................ 20 c ferences, Interest groupings, political not hastily to brand them as economic Now that the farmers are stirring, Local R eaders Each line, each tim e .................... 10c movements and propaganda. Such a heretics and highwaymen, and hurl at thinking, and uniting as never before turmoil cannot but arrest our atten­ them the charge of being seekers of to eradicate these inequalities, they To run every other &iy for one month, each line, each tim e. . 7c tion. Indeed, It demands our careful special privilege. Rather, we should are subjected to stern economic lec­ To run every issue for one m onth study and examination. It Is not like­ ask If their trouble la not ours, and tures, and are met with the accusation or more, each line, each t im e .. 5c ly that six million aloof and ruggedly see what can be done to Improve the that they are demanding, and are the Classified Column independent men have come together situation. Purely from self interest, recipients of, special privileges. Let If for no higher motive, we should us see what privileges the government One cent the word each time. To run every issue for one month and banded themselves Into active help them. All of us want to get back has conferred on the farmers. Much unions, societies, farm bureaus, and so permanently to “normalcy;” but Is It o r more, the word each time. has been made of Section 6 of the forth, for no sufficient cause. Legal Rate reasonable to hope for that condition Clayton Anti-Trust Act, which pur­ F irst time, per 8-point l i n e . . . . . 10c Investigation of the subject conclu­ unless our greatest and most basic in ported to permit them to combine with Each subsequent time, per 8- sively proves that, while there Is much dustry can be put on a sound and solid Immunity, under certain conditions. polnt line .................................... 5c permanent foundation? The farmers Card of t h a n k s ............................ 31.00 overstatement of grievances and mis­ are not entitled to special privileges; Admitting that, nominally, this ex­ conception of remedies, the farmer* emption was In the nature of a special O bituaries, the line ...................... 8^4« but are they not right In demanding privilege,—though I think It was so In are right In complaining of wrongs Fraternal Orders and S ocieties Advertising for fratern al orders long endured, and right In holding that that they be placed on an equal foot­ appearance rather than In fact,—we o r societies charging a regular initi­ it is feasible to relieve their ills with ing with the buyers of their products find that the courts have nullified It ation fee and dues, no discount. Re­ benefit to the rest of the community. and with other industries? by Judicial interpretation. Why should ligious and benevolent orders will be oot the farmers be permitted to ac charged the regular rate for all ad This being the case of an industry II complish by co-operative methods what vertising when an admission or other that contributes, In the raw material Let us, then, consider some of the other businesses are already doing by form alone, about one-third of the na­ farmer’s grievances, and see how far co-operation In the form of Incorpora­ charge is made. tional annual wealth production and they are real. In doing so, we should tion? If it be proper for men to form, W hat C onstitutes A dvertising In order to allay a m isunderstand­ Is the means of livelihood of about 49 remember that, while there have been, by fusion of existing corporations or ing among some as to what consti- per cent of the population, it Is ob­ and still are, instances of purposeful otherwise, a corporation that controls the entire production of a commodity, tntes news and what advertising, vious that the subject Is one of grave we print this very simple rule, which concern. Not only do the farmers abuse, the subject should not be ap­ or a large part of It, why Is it not Is used by newspapers to differenti­ make up one-half of the nation, but proached with any general imputation proper for a group of farmers to unite a te between them: “ ALL future the well-being of the other half de­ to existing distributive agencies of de­ for the marketing of their common events, where an admission charge pends upon them. liberately intentional oppression, but products, either In one or In several Is made or a collection is taken IS So long as we have nations, a wise rather with the conception that the selling agencies? Why should It he ADVERTISING.’’ This applies to politclal economy will aim at a large marketing of farm products has not right for a hundred thousand corporate organizations and societies of every degree of national self-sufficiency and shareholders to direct 25 or 30 or 40' been modernized. kind as well as to individuals. self-containment. Rome fell when the An ancient evil, and a persistent per cent of an Industry, and wrong for All reports of such activities after food supply was too far removed from a hundred thousand co-operative they have occurred is news. the belly. Like her, we shall destroy one, is the undergrading of farm prod­ farmers to control a no larger propor­ Ail coming social or organization our own agriculture and extend our ucts, with the result that what the tion of the wheat crop, or cotton, or m eetings of societies where no sources of food distantly and precari­ farmers sell as of one quality Is re­ any other product? money contribution is solicited, in iti­ sold as of a higher. That this sort of ously, If we do not see to It that our The Department of Agriculture Is ation charged, or collecton taken IS chicanery should persist on any im­ farmers are well and fairly paid for often spoken of as a special concession NEWS. ________________ their services. The farm gives the portant scale In these days of busi­ to the farmers, but In Its commercial Entered at the Ashland, Oregon, nation men as well as food. Cities ness integrity would seem almost In­ results, It is of as much benefit to the Postoffice as Second-class Mail Mat­ derive their vitality and are forever credible, but there Is much evidence buyers and consumers of agricultural ter. ________________ renewed from the country, but an Im­ that It does so persist. Even as I products as to the producers, or even poverished countryside exports intelli­ more. I do not suppose that anyone gence and retains unintelligence. write, the newspapers announce the opposes the benefits that the farmers <5 umme & P layground - Only the lower grades of mentality suspension of several firms from the derive from the educational and re­ of / merica * and character will remain on, or seek, New York Produce Exchange for ex­ search work of the department, or the the farm, unless agriculture Is capable porting to Germany as No. 2 wheat a help that It gives them In working out of being pursued with contentment and whole shipload of grossly Inferior wheal improved cultural methods and prac­ adequate compensation. Hence, to em­ mixed with oats, chaff and the like. tices, In developing better yielding va­ bitter and impoverish the farm er is to Another evil is that of Inaccurate rieties through breeding and selection, dry up and contaminate the vital weighing of farm products, which, It in Introducing new varieties from re­ sources of the nation. mote parts of the world and adapting The war showed convincingly how Is charged, Is sometimes a matter of them to our climate and economic con­ dependent the nation Is on the full dishonest intention and sometimes of dition, and In devising practical meas­ WASHINGTON & „BRITISH COLUMBIA.. productivity of the farms. Despite protective policy on the part of the ures for the elimination or control of , - iKSHT. COOt DAYS L herculean efforts, agricultural produc­ local buyer, who fears that he may dangerous and destructive animal and I A RESTFUL SLEEP EVERY NIGHT. tion kept only a few weeks or months •“weigh out” more than he “weighs In.” plant diseases, insect pests, and the ahead of consumption, and that only A greater grievance is that at pres like. All these things manifestly tend by Increasing the acreage of certuin ent the field farmer has little or no to stimulate and enlarge production, GIVE RAILROADS CLEAR TRACK staple crops at the cost of reducing control over the time and conditions and their general beneficial effects are that of others. We ought not to for­ of marketing his products, with the obvious. Charles M. Schwab in a recent get that lesson when we ponder on result that he Is often underpaid for It Is complained that, whereas the the farmer’s problems. They are truly law* restricts Federal Reserve banks address stated the policy to reach common problems, and there should his products and usually overcharged to three months’ time for commercial the solution of the railroad prob­ be no attempt to.deal with them as for marketing sendee. The differ paper, the farmer Is allowed six lem. Restriction on some practices If they were purely selfish demands ence between what the farmer re­ months on his notes. This Is not a of a clear-cut group, antagonistic to ceives and what the consumer pays there must be, but ability and in iti­ the rest of the community. Rutlier often exceeds all possibility of Justi­ special privilege, but merely such a recognition of business conditions as ative must have reasonable leeway should we consider agriculture in the fication. To cite a single Illustration. makes It possible for country banks if there is to be progress. F or the light of t>road national policy, just Last year, according to figures attest­ to do business with country people. as we consider oil, coal, steel, dye­ The crop farmer has only one turn­ prejudice against the railroads, the stuffs, and so forth, as sinews of na­ ed by the railways and the growers, over a year, while the merchant and Georgia watermelon-raisers received la tte r are, perhaps, them selves to tional strength. Our growing popula­ on the average 7.5 cents for a melon, manufacturer have many. Incidental­ tion and a higher standard of living blame on account oi scandalous con­ demand increasing food supplies, and the railroads got 12.7 cents for carry­ ly, I note that the Federal Reserve Board has just authorized the Fed duct on the p art of some and the more wool, cotton, hides, and the rest. ing it to Baltimore and the consumer eral Reserve banks to discount export tendency toward despotism on the With the disappearance of free or paid one dollar, leaving 79.8 cents for paper for a period of six mouths, to cheap fertile land, additional acreage the service of marketing and Its risks, conform to the nature of the busi­ p art of certain officers in practic­ and Increased yields can come only as against 20.2 cents for growing and ness. ally all. | from costly- effort. This we need ndt transporting. The hard annals of The Farm Loan banks are pointed Some of them acted as if they expect from an Impoverished or un­ farm-life are replete with such com to as an Instance of special govern­ owned states instead of merely con­ happy rural population. ment favor for farmers. Are they not It will not do to take a narrow view mentarles on the crudeness of pres­ rather the outcome of laudable efforts cessions to operate in them. The ent practices. to equalize rural and urban condi­ trips of some railroad presidents ov­ of the rural discontent, or to appraise Nature prescribes that the farm er’s tions? And about all the government it from the standpoint of yesterday. er the lines have been described as This Is peculiarly an age of flux and “goods” must be finished within two does there Is to help set up an ad­ if the personages were great feudal change and new deals. Because a or three months of the year, while ministrative organization and lend a lords with public officers along the thing always has been so no longer financial and storage limitations gen­ little credit at the start. Eventually way summoned merely to report to means that it Is righteous, or always erally compel him to sell them at the the farmers will provide all the capi­ them or pay them homage. But with shall be so. More, perhaps, than ever same time. As a rule, other industries tal and carry all the liabilities them­ th a t corrected through the govern­ before, there Is a widespread feeling are in a continuous process of finish­ selves. It Is true that Farm Loan that all human relations can be Im­ ing goods for the m arkets; they dis­ m ent’s rem inding the officers th a t proved by taking thought, and that It tribute as they produce, and they can bonds are tax exem pt; but so are bonds of municipal light and traction it is vastly larger and more power­ Is not becoming for the reasoning ani­ curtail production without too great plants, and new housing is to be ex­ ful than any of the private corpora­ mal to leave his destiny largely to Injury to themselves or the commu­ empt from taxation, In New York, for nity ; but If the farmer restricts his ten years. tions under it, there must be caution chance and natural Incidence. — output. It Is with disastrous conse­ Prudent and orderly adjustment of On the other hand, the farmer reads now against going to the other ex­ quences, both to himself and to the production and distribution In accord of plans for municipal housing proj­ treme. We m ust not be stupid en­ ance with consumption is recognized community. ects that run Into the billions, of hun­ ough to kill an industry so vital to as wise management 1 b every business The average farmer Is busy with dreds of millions annually spent on the prosperity of all others while but that of farming. Yet, I venture production for the major part of the the merchant marine; he reads that seeking to cure it of sssne defects. to say, there is no other Industry In year, and has nothing to sell. The the railways are being favored with Mr. Schwab is merely talking which it Is so Important to the pub bulk of his output comes on the mar­ increased rates and ylrtual guaranties common sense when he says th at He—to the clty-dweller—that produc­ ket at once. Because of lack of stor­ of earnings by the government, with any regulation th at is based merely tion should be sure, steady, and In age facilities and ot financial support, the result to him of an ‘nereased toll creasing, and that distribution should the farmer cannot carry his goods upon popular prejudice should be re­ he in proportion to the need. The un­ through the year and dispose of them on all that he sells and all that he buys. He hears oi many manifesta­ moved. “ We cannot,” he says, organized farmers naturally act blind­ as they are currently needed. In the tions of governmental concern for par­ “ have prosperity, our country’s ly and Impulsively and, in conse great majority of cases, farmers have ticular Industries and Interests. Res­ commerce cannot go forward confi­ quence,- surfeit and dearth, accompa to entrust storage—in warehouses and cuing the railways from Insolvency Is dently unless our railroads are once tiled by disconcerting price-variations, elevators—and the financial carrying undoubtedly for the benefit of the country as a whole, but what can be again made prosperous, are put in a harass the consumer. One year pota­ of their products to others. Farm products are generally mar­ of more general benefit than encour­ toes rot In the fields because of excess position to carry the transportation production, and there Is a scarcity oi keted at a time when there Is a con­ agement of ample production of the of the country, and are able to a t­ the things that have been displaced gestion of. both transportation and principal necessaries of life and their tract the capital needed to perform to make way for the expansion of the finance—when cars and money are ®veo flow from contented producers to potato acreage; next year the punish scarce. The outcvme, In many In­ satisfied consumers? th e ir service as common carriers.” While It may be conceded that The statem ent th a t $5,000,000,- ed farmers mass their fields on some stances, Is that the farmers not only 000 be required to put the transpor­ other crop, and potatoes enter the sell under pressure, and therefore at special governmental aid may bfc nec­ a disadvantage, but are compelled to essary to the genera! Interest, we must of luxuries; and so on. tation companies of the United class Agriculture Is the greatest and fun take further reductions In net returns. all agree that It Is difficult to see why States abreast of the nation’s com­ damentally the most Important of our In order to meet the charges for the agriculture and the production and dis­ mercial requirem ents gives an Idea American Industries. The cities are service of storing, transporting, flnanc tribution of farm products are not ac of the seriousness of the problem. hut the branches of the tree of na tog, and ultimate marketing—which corded the same opportunities that are Obviously it will never be solved by ttonal life, the roots of which go deep­ charges they claim, are often exces provided for other businesses; espe­ bobbling unduly the genius and ex­ ly Into the land. We all flourish or slve, bear heavily on both consumer cially as the enjoyment by the farmer perience of the leaders of the in­ decline with the farmer. So, when we and producer, and are under the con of such opportunities would appear to of the cities read of the present uni­ trol of those performing the services dustry and then turning in and de­ versal distress of the farmers, of a It Is true that they are relieved of bs even more contributory to the gen­ nouncing the whole business In a slump of six billion dollars in the farm the risks of a changing market by eral good than In the case of other Industries. The spirit of American way to keep capital away from it. value of their crops to t single yeti. selling at once; but they are quite wlll- democracy li ptiaUSTAbiy ^opposed, S om e A sp ects o f th e F arm ers’ Problem s Tuesday, February 7, alike to enacted special privilège ând to the special privilege of unequal op­ a married person exceeds $5000. he portunity that arises automatically is allowed an exemption of only from the failure to correct glaring $2000. economio inequalities. I am opposed The exemption allowed for de­ to the Injection of government Into pendents under 18 years of age has business, but I do believe that it Is aD been increased from $200. to $400, essential function of democratic gov­ ernment to equalize opportunity so but a return m ust be made in order far as It Is within Its power to do so, for the taxpayer to claim credit for whether by the repeal of archaic the exemption. In other words, a statutes or the enactment of modern return must be filed, although the ones. If the anti-trust laws keep the taxpayer may not be liable to the farmers front endeavoring scientifically payment of a tax after claiming the to Integrate their industry while other Industries find n way to meet modern exemptions to which lie is entitled conditions without violating such stat­ under the law. DON’T FORGET! March 15 is the utes, then It would seem reasonable to find a way for the farmers to meet final day for filing returns. Tax­ them under the same conditions. The payers who fail to file by that time law should operate equally In fact. Re­ will be liable to heavy penalties. pairing the economic structure on one side Is no Injustice to the other side, which is In good repair. Ability Recognized. We have traveled a long way from “You never quote the poets in your the old conception of government as speeches any more.” merely a defensive and policing agency ; “No,” replied S enator Sorghum. “I and regulative, corrective, or equaliz­ 1 find th a t the custom Is likely to cause ing legislation, which apparently Is of confusion. 1 once quoted from P a ra ­ a special nature, is often of the most dise Lost,’ m entioning the author. general beneficial consequences. Even Some of my dissatisfied constituent« the First Congress passed a tariff act got together and said it m ight he a that was avowedly for the protection good idea to look old John M ilton up of manufacturers ; but a protective and groom him as a candidate for my tariff always has been defended as a job.” means of promoting the general good through a particular approach; and the statute books are filled with acts for the benefit o f shipping, commerce, and labor. STRIK ES TIE UP BERLIN BERLIN, Feb. 7.— Tramway ser­ vice, and the gas, w ater and elec­ tricity supply of the city were s h u t _ > o ff-y este rd a y ..’ when' ihq municipal __ employes walked out. ' The strike of the '-railroad- men- ♦ was extended to all of Baden. N o th ---* ing has come of the negotiations be­ gun yesterday for settling the strike. Many bankers have reduced their working hours, and some banks have closed. / Investigate Our Ideal Arcola H ot W ater H eating System for Sm all or l.