Image provided by: Morrow County Museum; Heppner, OR
About The Boardman mirror. (Boardman, Or.) 1921-1925 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 9, 1923)
COMBS OF WOOD Women of Ancient Egypt Used Doxwood Ornaments. High Record Held by Artis Piebe de Kol THE GREAT SI i Production of Wisconsin i Cow Has Been Profitable. Prof. 8. J. Record of Yl Universe Describes Various Kinds of Wood Used Centuries Ago. The tresses of a pbsraob's daughter ( ie univei ly of the it by tin cnmllS n iiif- .'yp- woi-e dressed with combs j'mf. s. .!. Record of ti who recently inside a stu ferent kinds nf woods us clellt EcyptlatJ. These made of boxwood, which W8S used for carving l).v the early I thins, itnd I hey were not greatly dis similar to some of the combs which iidorn the women of the Twentieth century, "As one wooden object lifter another from the tomb of Tut-Anlth-Anmn bus been described and pictured In the pub He press, many questions have ar!s n," writes Mr. Iterant. "Wind hinds of woods are lhe.se? Win nee did thev come? What preservatives hnve kept theiii sound for thousands of years? How can these woods be Identified to flay?" Professor Reeflnf'S studies Included the woods representative of the period from 2900 IS. Ci I" 1200 I!. 0. Wood played an Important pnrt In the lives of those Egyptians end It had tfl be bni i very long diet n s Cedar he found to be one of their most prized woods, the most famous species bring the cedar of Lebanon, which Is no myth, us some are Inclined to believe, The Egyptians used cedar extensive ly for eotlins, boxes, largt efllgles and for such general purposes u we use white pine. They also used cypress, another wood of great durability. The r wood and in inaktng the Ark r the Covenant was probably cypress, u' cording to Professor Record, The yew, a tree noted for Its dura bility as the cedar and the cypreNs. was used by the ICgypt Inn In the mak ing of hows, earring! and small Imple ments. Sycamore was used for mum my cases, but the sycamore of the ancients was a fig, an evergreen timber tree sometimes o lied a fig mulberry. These species were employed whore large sizes were demanded, while In the manufacture of smaller articles the Egyptian used such local growth hs was available, which apparently was limited to tamarisk, alder and Other minor species. The Egyptians were skilled woodworkers, cabinet makers and wood carvers. Wood veneering Is not an ultra-modern accomplishment, but II Is In fad a practice of venerable antiquity. II was developed by the Egyptians sev eral thousand yeara before the birth of Christ. Professor Record found an admirable example of this craftsman ship in the coffin of the monarch Neph- thyo from Melr, displayed In the Ninth Egyptian room of the Metropolitan Museum Of Art, New York. That these woods used by the Egyp tians have endured the centuries, Pro- feasor R rd attributes to the dry climate of Egypt and not to any pre aervetlves employed. Professor Record Identified the different woods by sub jecting them to Intensive study under the microscope and comparing their cell structure with thai of the species as found growing today. American t oi csi ry Idagasine, a pure bred HoLsteiu cow, Ai Kol, owned by the Wis lege of Agriculture. This pi of milk is sufficient to s.i; quart of milk to every fundi) dny In the city of Waslllugl'i or Milwaukee, Wis. The production of this cow i proved a profitable one. I" I 15 years of toll king she has of 12.46 for every for 15 ids of ', or a iliuiwl eld by t'fe -u a profit worth of turn dtir fc ed onsumed. r lifetime osl of feed ' her oh'sp thi.s far IS Hi add. t. on lith rf mill: and liUtterflll r'. I 1 ,--?. .:'ri. - Artis by Pitbe de Kol, Owned and Urcd the Univers.ty of Wisconsin. good breeding, large capacity, proper feeding and good care. She is still milking, despite her old age. This cow, now 17 years of age. has the distinction of having had more Students study and work with Icr than with any other animal Ofl the University farm, according to prof. II. S. llulce. She Is always patient and submits to handling by students as if it were a pleasure and an honor. Across Empty Continent. Two explorers, se eiity-year-old twins, by the bye, have Just Crossed Australia from south coast to north const and back, covering nearly SjOOO miles In 07 days with three motor cars. The explorers passed through vast Stretches of country without sign of man or beast, an experience, Cap tain White considers, which most strlnklngly Justifies the late Lord KnrthcUffc's lament Over the folly end menace of the "Empty Continent." Mr. MeCiilluiu. one of the two broth ers, shjs be was amazed ut the abun dame of fertile country through xx til.ii they passed in the interior, and mentions one plain. 1.M1 miles long and extending enst and west us fur as the eye CB see, consisting of splendid alluvial soil. They passed through superb pastoral ureas with many rivers available for huge Irrigation schemes, but the development of of these lands would lie absolutely de pendent upon the building of a direct north south transcontinental line. Destroy Red Cedars and Save Valuable Orchards Apple rust cannot live without red cedar trees. The moral then Is to cut out all red cedars within a- mile of valuable orchards. The Wealthy nnd many Of the erali apples are particu larly susceptible to rust. The disease Is caused by a fungus which Uvea OP red cedars and apple trees. In winter l he fungus sbidea on the cedars while waiting to spread mil lion?; of spores In the spring to the ap ple leaves and fruit. Under the attack the Upper surface of the leaves reveals small, sticky, honey-co'ored spores. Later, orange-colored spots, sometimes surrounded by a red nifrgjn, ore pro duced on (be lower Surface. Trees bad ly Infected become partly defoliated and have a rusiy appearance. The fruit is dwarfed nnd misshapen Buds which form this year are weakened and will make only a poor crop next year. The spots on the under surface of the apple leaves are the cluster cups Of the rust and the spores of the fun gus produced In these cups are blown to red cedars on which they produce the so called cedar galls or cedar ap ples. This Is a game which only two can play -the red cedar and the ip ple ; Infection cannot be transmitted from one apple tree to another. Several Instances of losses from rust in southeastern Minnesota orchards have been reported to J, t5. I. each of University f irm, an authority on fruit and vegetable diseases. Inn tor Leach says that In Virginia and West Virgi nia, w here many tipples are grown, the red cedar Is being systcmnlicnlly eradi cated by counties. No red cedar Is left standing within u mile of an apple orchard. The Fond Parent. The boy w ho had scratched his name on the palnl of the stationary motor car had been soundly cuffed by the owner. Attracted by the loud howling which resulted, a crowd soon gathered, through which the father of- the boy pushed his way. "Who struck in Son?" he demanded furiously "Show me the man!" The material stepped forward. Ho was 0 feet 2 Inches In height and ft round the chest. "I did," he said. "Served him rlghl. sir," said the man touching his cap. "I'll give him uiiother hiding when I gel him home." OF HALF IRtlTIi Wltni A 1 I By JOHN O A K WOOD A soap boxer po nted at a re Overlooked lie Go factory. ' Wh Work'mcn!" he machines? pronto'.' Capit. The snap bo: thnt amounted listeners did n tfe.ular factory of oth( :-s. was if tne He -If i the truth were ilt that faetoi , . d. "Who run tie ml Who'get tin I a half tr whole Ife. w thai 'that : nl of thousn inlete refntat e other hail' w 6 Off" a RUllM! , Arrancrement for Hoi -".i0 --v w- - w Bbli'ier Crab r id His Habit i!ll w,t! Ie a Terrible Glutton and D.-npsrate I-i (jliter Will Battle to th Pelh for Home. It is true the ized- for a mill profits guv pur cent, or era. All til ory was C.ap'ta! lollari. The n inniial d vhlends of if) DUO. to the stock hoitl But It was alio true that the Hon dollar cp-'t:)) was divide, into tea t hoc t. ' ihare of farm.;- U:.s to com - nd, his, atteu i is called by the iJijiltd M.t-tties t'e uiieni of A- rlcuiture to Hie numer ailments 01 .swine wi.leli. In e of unusual prevalence of .cholera, unnoticed or possibly are diagnosed cholera, itself, Tiie group Includes hrux, epilepsy, gu.iu'oentcrMs, robueiilo.ds,' pifcltrlsy, pneumonia, -onln;, swine l'ttiCUC (hemorrhagjc ticmiiu), ttib'erculoai. ami conns. D.:.'..:ci Not ;.;;c;r.ized. itlwr d.aengea not simitar In appear c tii l,o4 chokfa are e.ti.er not r. c ::.'. d or i: t 'iueliicd of eutiic.cJi t!U :.,nce to vLWJfav aitentiori. Any de- ii n i'ro.j nii.'uial In the fmietions Ol all Hie ; i "Ji in the s'ca. i!i re iti the licradt crab, i as he is sometime Duddbrldiie. The reaturcs that in-'3 me straii -'er than Itie soldier ci l, :a!ieri. says Mary otul name is i , e thousand' viv; th m we:-, v. They wer i wiies find bfi strijuienl piaa. Ti' eeral jbundr n In tire feel it of ij':e!r ir '.hafe., fjWtU' vere Cap.t,-. no that si worUmei in . hermit simuld he. and tie do:s not live ahne, ns we shali see Inter, lie K on the contrary. 11 ii rrlble t;itfon two ii USi?iTu dKhter; foi he li.es : a world of b'.tBLtry creature::, all affidoi n to e.-u an I u t to he outm, and be docs not Iptcnii to lie eaten if lie ecu hy any means avoid it. And in on! ; 'th.tt he sluiH !t It tc.tin, It Is firsl i,i all ivj. cs.ia:'.. ilial he si .ill : i h '..'.s.-T a ItotHia. rtsitei-e has ben ralliw unUJiul in him. f'. Ii was ltkewte were also owned by Factories, by clerical workers and hy small merchants, A good many won also owned by Widows and orp whose modest estates had been wise ly Invested for them hy their bank jrs. They were Capitalists, set It was also true that the factor; corporation had Issued a million lol lars In bonds to raise funds to bnv the material and pay the wages ol workmen to build the- factory. T bonds were owned as investment- not inly by persons of wealth hut also hy iiiitiy people of moderate means who had saved out of their waeo.s and sal lrlos. They were Capitalists. And It was also true that out of the recoipts of the fac'ory, before a cent was taker to pay interest on the bonds, before a penny was used to pay dividends on the stock, a good many dollars were taken to pay wages to the workmen. The workmen were Capitalists loo They were Investing their strep, tl am! their talents and their skill in the factory- they were getting their divl (lends out of Its esrnlngt as well a: the stockholders and bondholders. kick's in! m:i his herd lie. (iuaiii, to call tor ,s is interested in from disease. The i-her they and uii or indi-housing, i lie iiuyb health 'or the animals the iui will finish for market. in nutober of cases sickness thrifttnesa are due, directly rectlv. to improper care in feeding, and at farrowing time. Kven under the best conditions liogs are liable to sichei id in all circum stances of that character there is need of cornet diagnosis in order that ef fective treatment may be given. Many factors me to be considered in dis tlhgtilsbtng between hog 'cholera and the various other ailments and con llttooa that resemble that disease. Less Loss From Cholera. Although losses from hog cholera have been reduced over UO per cent from Hie eal: years of destruction, the lack of ullenllon on the part of armors in the proper care of swine herds still occasions a serious mone tary loss each year to the swine in dustry as a whole. In all d senses, ailmeutj and abnormal conditions of 'swine, the sane, simple and effective method to adopt is one of prevention. Knowledge of the symptoms which de note the minor aliments is on" of tiie best assets the swine raiser can have in insuring himself against leases from them. h: l and part i and ieiiu tools vit.h mor exee,i : body. Si ii n be a royal light to tin devour tin 'S. however Pr sninp" of Grapes Many Americans f:.ncy that, he- J KniiToil System Favored came labor Is well employed and our I Industries have been reporting sub- j ttaStlal earnings and impro enient 1 over the depression period, normalcy has hem restored The truth is, what i lormal in the fuiure sly differeni thing considered normal ailing is a dng to debtor On th ' it Side. you hare put lightning rods "I sr on nur new burn.' ilad to do it," Cvratoeaei. "You sn Id years rods were useless. "Yep. Science busy since then. thnt the old law of gravitation ain't workln' any more there's no tellln' but what thtty've given us s new kind of electrlcltx " answerwil farmer ago thnt lightning has been mighty If they kin prove Feed Fowls More Roots and Vegetables for Eggs Hy feeding more roots and vege tables, the average poullry raiser can reduce his feeding expenses materially and also get more eggs. The cheapest food Is that which will make liens lay, and the way to make hens lay Is to keep them in good health. It Is im possible to hae a thuk in good layiug condition when only grain Is given. Such foods as carrots, turnips and potatOM are not rich In egg-producing elements, but they perfoini n service which renders all the oilier foods eaten more valuable. Let the fanner give his cows nothing but corn and his supply of milk would soon be reduced. It is (ho same with hens and the e 'g yield, from a dietary standpoint t lie use of roots Is recommended, and they will enable one to feed more hens and get more eggs with Utile or no addi tional cost. Permit Hens to Select Own Mash Constituents A study of the free choice system of niasli feeding for chi.Uens made hy the United States Department Of Agri culture at its experiment man located at HellsvUle. Md. showed (hnl the bet results nnd highest eng production are obtained when hens are allowed to select their own mash constituents. it mm found that hens gels ted mash composed of 08 parts n unne.il. "J parts meat scraps, 4 purts whrst bran, and parts wheal middlings. This mash gives host ix- - 'Us with I. horns, and a less stimulating mUd containing more bran and ground oats, with less meat scrap, has given better results with genera I -purpose breeds. periment station have tested o"t seven methods of pruning grapes over a pe riod of wears and haxe published tin i account or their experiments which will be ol Interest to both the profea I Rlonnl and, amateur grow er, ,'n.e so- called single-stem or four-cane Knlffen method is said to be the best. According to these authorities, this method consists in training a single branch to serve as the trunk of the i vine wilii two canes developed at the I lower wire and two at the tipper wire , and tied one to the right and one to tiie left of the trunk along eac h wire. It Is st;,td that the system may be fully established by the end of the fourth season and that subsequent pruning consists in cutting away ell canes but thf tour mentioned above, leaving suf1- manv politico economists ' ncicui nuns ai nun unci to supply ! 1 IKainst America s en Kammm tm ' .'.. j ne amount or mining woou is tii"s easily limited to the capacity of the vine by regulating the lengtli of the four canes. Kxperlmentl at the station have led to the conclusion that there Is little choice between early winter pruning so far as the effect on yield, wood growth, or maturity of fruit is concerned. It ts pointed-out, however, that a better se lection of fruiting canes can tie made in the sjiriiif; after the severe winter temperatures have pegged than is pos sible earlier in the sc., son. we must oonsl will be an entirely differs from what wis considered prior to the war. One reasi new place in the world as th creditor nation. That oha permanent one. We are 001 return to the old position i nation. Bankers In the agricultural communities have come to tli con elusion thai we cannot afford lo main tain an attitude of Isolation and that opinion Is not a personal one. mm men I have talked with ari olcing the Ideas of the people w.th whom they have daily business poo tact A great have warned trance Into t he Knropean situation, asserting that our foreign trade makes up less than 2" p r cent ol our pro duct Ion, and therefore is too small an item to be vital or to risk our invest ment In. They forget, and most peo pie who have listened to ihetn forget, and spring pruning of grapea that the unimportant Z'J per cent is the difference between full employ nent of our Industrie:' and labor and uuch unemployment and business de pression. if a mainifacluri'ig enter prise is running at BO per c nl of ca parity, It may be making a r.ilrly good showing of ai rnlugs, but it i- io' run nins at normal and is not earning the margin which it should earn in order i to he fullv prosperous. It appears ob ' vlous that we shall have to foreign Investments in this lint It will he n c - mry to in the m.iite.r of foreign In Tber must tie assurance i ever we loan will be used t live purl e IO Will am K 1 ond Vice Pr ideal, Ann : ., rs Association. tlfttl how which to on the f he Is obi st fori,' tower thnt some one else has built, and in his search for it, lie does not i rouble himself uiucii about rp.ies tlens of right and wrong. If n one bus a claim on the house that he wants, well and good ; hut In any case, lie must have a safe place to live In. If, therefore, lie finds any one in pos session of Hie coveted Stronghold, he does net scruple, If the unfortunate tenant is weaker than himself, to pull him out and niuke n meal of him. II this tenant happens to be a brother hermit, the row. The pair sometimes death, and the victor may vanquished, in many caai it has been observed that the Upshot of the fracas Is simply an exchange of shells, the defeated parly taking possession of the abandoned fortress of his enemy. And after all the fuss the victor very likely finds that the new house does not suit him and he must look for another. The hermit crnb has a great fancy for the shell of the vyhelk; but In case of necessity he will take ii with anything hollow, even an old pipe or bottle. When shells are plentiful however, he Is as particular as any housekeeper looking for a Hat. When lie finds an apartment that appears Satisfactory, he examines It very care fully, holding It off at arm's length, turning !t around and poking his claws ide. Having finally decided that It II do, he comes out of his old shell d darts Into the new so quickly that is "almost Impossible to see him do for he lias no mind to expose his i body to the dangers of the sen. 1 rii 's onto bis old shell till he is the new one will do. and often ges Ids abode several times he he is satisfied. Kt. Nicholas nine. in Be sun elmi fore Mas M-jre Women Enter U. C. For ten years there has been n Btcndy Increase In the proportion of womea to men among the hmmlgn nts from all parts 'of Kurope. I, as year for the first time since Immigration statistics have been kept, there were more women than men admit led to the country. The proportion is par tially explained by the fact that im migrants of former years have pros pi r d and are now sending for their n: W I V I ate ti Originated and Used at II nois Experiment Station A handy arrangement fur feed ho, s originated and used at the nois ugvieuttufui experiment stat laiui is shown herewttr. It cons of a concrete feeding Uxor i- feet w end N feet long and two conci troughs each 1- feet loii mnde t urate from the lino;'. At the outi corners of the troughs four posts sot in the concrete lloor. To th are spiked 2 hy S-lnch pic which support panels which be swung over the troughs, 'l feature enables the herdsman to !: the hogs away from the trough w! hein; lilled. sira the i iron list position A I nll the panel in Si;rd. One of the easiest I he hog reiser lo !i feeding ilo: quicker ai d larger money Invested then hia hog raising cipi'pm; . aluatie feed Is prevent ire fed on a. con rete de ( 'oiis:,:e: able tine and veil if the t'ec.l.r.-' Ilo icar the eorne; ib or gr ioslrnl ie to place the feediu,: Hour' he South or emu side of the eorne) ir hoth ouse, as It will then bo larg irotected front cold winds. The m ;ion selected should be well drulned Where the ground Is (inn and w drained, concrete may lie laid direc them. Despite the increasing number of women coming In there is no ap parent relief for the household help problem, A trilling proportion of those women take up domestic work. Many of them enter factories. Sta tistics show that of the women immi grants tomparatlvely few are trained for any kind of employment. The same condition is found among the men. A targe proportion of the Im migrants are classified under "no oc cupation." There are fewer laborers coming in than ut any time in twenty a ltd up ouatry slowdy menu liank- Circumstantial Evicici Hobby- I x e ! eon a ver I since I started going to Bund ; haven't I? Mother- -Y'es, ibtir, on i very good, Indeed. Hobby -And you don't d any more, do you? Mother No. dear. Bobby-Then why do n Jhiii? London Tlt Hlts. Gulls He p Farme Through southesstern i t'tah gulls often pluck u of grasshoppers. They r j of harmful in-e. (s and hi I the crops from field mice. -, Magazine. As the water into the fields from the ditches it seeps Into the I ; Ing out the mice, which sr i by he waiting gulls. Marked Ability of Idaho Boy as a Stock Breeder One Sl.orihorn cow for which the youthful purchaser gave bis personal note three years ago ij that he might reed and care for the animal as a part of Ills club work, w as the means of nn Idaho club boy. Hi, ink lluiikins, devel oping marked ability as a stockman. Kor three years he has cared for and managed his livestock aoeordimi to the improved met hods advocated by his agricultural extension agent, adding to his ltertT until he now owns eleven e. ! head of exception illy fine pure bred i aid boy Shorthorn cattle. Ills profits for the . school, year 1023, according to reports to the j I'nlteil States Department of Agrieul e been tare, were $1,MS. me ,Cut Soy Beans for Hay Just Before Seed Forms Uss cf Feldspar Growing. The exploitation of the many feld spar deposits of the Doited States Is ill the time Increasing, owing to the oMeii.-ive use of tlds mineral In the .manufacture of pottery, enamel Wars, enamel brick and eleotric, me. It Is also used for binding together the material of emery or carborundum Wheels as wyH ns to some extent In the manufacture of op ueseent class and nitiririal teeth. It is useful In the preparation of scouring soaps and Window washes, because being slight ly softer than glnss it Is not likely, as ts the quartz contained In some soaps, to abrade the surface. Feld spar employed In pottery must he nearly free from Iron bearing minerals. the It is generally considered that While ,v beans may be cut for hay at al- t most any tngv. the host time is Just i as soon as lb pods are fully formed, on an hut before the seed ts formed At this a llvtm time t he maximum feed value will be the flel V secured r.id the hay ts also more pal n protect ata de than when cut later. Later vsNaturt harvesting gives somewhat greater s turnec tiik. hut less of digestible protein and irrlgatlor somewhat lower portability, thus reu owe, drtv .!,. In - U,at method is, satisfactory, devuarSl j according to yeara of t xperlmenting by Ue Ohio ,iei'iiuent Utio Improvements ild it- a conci it v.ili bring t return:; for any other part at. L we d when l.i labor will r Is locn saury, it ' ' ' 'k , .. jv.-.-..w ... -y Handy Arrangc.njnt for Hcs. .:pon Ihe soil after all grass, roots a ;her perishable maiter have been ! noved and t' e area brought to prol level and tu4j compacted. Concrete feeding floors should mnde not less than to if inches tin What Is k0,vn as one-course const r tion, which means the same ntlxtl of concrete throughout, should be us i he mixture should be a 1:2:8, wh means one wick of portlnnd cement two cubic feet of clean, well-grat sand, to three cubic feetof clean m bles or broken si. me not tOeX eed 1 inches In diameter. Two inch lunit should be set up for forms and flru staked to line and grade. The floor slrould be sloped in least one direction so il will dri quickly after rains. Sunshine s.P ! ii will help keeii the surface ci : i. slo)ie of one-ipmrter ineli to the f' will be enough. Much Butter Being Made on a Househo::! Sn Farmers and their wives residing the approximately 4,600,000 fan where at least one cow Is kept each, continue the practice of nink' butter on a household scale, desp the growth of modern creameries the extent of &885 in number In 111 For the purpose of making butter the farms, KI.IL'o.dort.OOO pounds whole milk were utilised Inst year u 0J.".,flOti,f!O0 pounds of this product v manufactured. Thus nearly 40 cent of the total butter production tiie United Slates is made on appro mutely one-half of the farms of I country. Woman Leads Pirates. There recently appeared on the river at BOag Kong, much to the alarm of shipowners ami their crews, a woman pirate, v.lm has already taken a heavy toll of lo,,; from vessels. Nothing is known of tier, except the tact that she speaks English, wears a serge costume and Wellington boots, and carries a wicked-looking revolver, with w'.'.leh she compels her victims to sum nder. t'nder her are a ore or more ti.inese brigands, who. although they are cut threats and robbers, obey her im-)Utlx, Barberry Bush Harbors Black Stem Wheat Ru Thousands of people throughout I Middle West have learned during I past years, at the various county a state affairs, to recognize the eonmi barberry bush. Which harbors I black-stem rust of wheat. The dem, stratlons at the fairs have created ej alderable Interest among wheat gn era and thai have expressed the selves as being anxious to co-open In the campaign to eliminate the b berry bush in order to minimize t los-es from black-stein rust of whe Sunflower Is Excellent Silage Feed for Catt The sunflower makes excellent fe as silage, and data at present av able indicates that silage made fr the sumlower, ir put up at the pror Mage of maturity, makes a fairly go substitute for corn, although its (ej Ing value is not so high. It has hd used mostly in areas where the clilrt bug is preval mt The crop fits well' many rotations where com should ' omitted on account of chinch li damage. Successful Planting of B. spberry Bush in Fa As a rule, spring planting Is b, for raspberries, hut If thp fall alio, be faxored with enmigh rainfall that the young plants could pvt n go start, fall planting will be successf nnd you will gain a season by plant', enrly this fall, because there will ome fruit, while with spring plantll you couid not hope to gather fruit M jeur, as you might with lull planting