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About The daily morning Astorian. (Astoria, Or.) 1883-1899 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 6, 1898)
' ' ' " , A : s ... TOE ASTORIAN bis tut lirftil clrculitlon of iay paper 00 tht Columbia Rlvif A TSE DAILY A5TCr.:A!t ta tli v.;;t:t er.J t: t r . r FULL ASSOCIATED PRESS RKPORT, VOL. XMX. ASTOKIA. 0HEO0N. TUESDAY 3IOUNINQ, DKCEMBEIl 6, lfc!)8. NO. 12i The Only IN ASTORIA ... Our apoplnUy: HTOVBH AND RANG 12 H We know the bunlnow. Twenty years experience, If you want a GOOD Slove, bco the ttock at the,, Eclipse Hardware Co, DOLLS! Our Dolls are for Inspection.- Ollll ftllj Griffin NTflEGOHI Robert Stewarts & Sons' IRISH FMX TWINE Is the Same Price as of Old. Foard & Agents. A Harvest Time For the Ladies' $4.00, Shoes, from $1.50 to $2.50 It Si M MoonulaUom ot ddi aad Mda of fiM tue-MWod button thota, gaoatly KW toom Xuat tbo tUnf (or oomforu 11 ' John Hahn, HOUSE FURNISHING GOODS $ 1 - Blankets, Comforts, Bedspreads Laee Gartains and Sheetings, Totnels Drapery Goods. f and Grashes. Everything Necessary in the Above Goods and at Bottom Prices. C. Stove Store Boihsi DOLLS! ready We can Show you 75 different styles and sizes MO llll'lll. & Reed. a 0, Ladies. $5.00, $6.00 mm Tito Reliable Shoe Denier. H. Cooper, -uuTHB LEADING HOUSE OF ASTORIA Important meat To Buyers of Drygoods. GREAT CUT IN PRICES Every article in the estab lishment reduced. Consist ing of Silks, Velvets, Plashes Black and Colored Dressgoods Cpes, Jackets, JBaekltitoshes Blackets, Comforts, Qailts Laee Carta Ids Oatlng pia'ooel, all ocol Flannel, Gingham, Calico Sheeting, ffiailln Cloves, Corsets, Hosiery Hotions, Farnkhlng Coodi, Etc. Tog ere eordlafly requested to call and examine lb. itn tme of goods Md onuw prices. ToawlliBot need t send away for coodi for rur Holiday Presents. McAllcn4 McDonnell 170-171 Conntrolal Btrt, ASTORIA. W-1S1 Third Itmt, PORTLAND. OR. THE PARKER HOUSE Flrst-Clase in Every Respect. Bflfi BILLIfiRD ROOM Special Rates to Theatri cal Parties A, k3. MASON, Prop. AMTOBIA. ORB. ANNUAL MESSAGEOF PRESIDENT M'KINLEY Exhaustive Document, Toachisg frfncfpally oa the Spanish War Stmftted to Congress Upon the Asseo Ulaj of the FIfly-nfth Session. THE. FEATUKlOF. THE AND CAUSES The rrMlieat' Mkes Ke..RecomffleaJatIo u tfcejMijfcr efiCoriBi our new possessions. But Intimites TUt Be JHay Tik ip tat (object After the Peace Htfotlatloas Are ConclBiiei-Foretra Re!a ' ( t tlowAre Sitlsfaetory-Tie Aaef(i a HiwaJj., WASHINGTON. Dm, l-Tb. final cf. Ion of tb Klfiy-flfth coinrr.. convened todny. Th. nu.ndanc. was very Ure and many prominent furelgDers were In the vallerie.. Hhortly after the tawin lillrif ot both houaea Pmldrnt McKlnlry'e meaanco vreaented. It (olluira In part: To the Brnat. and House of Rrpreacnta- tlvea; Notwllh.tandlne" the added burden. rocdiT.d ntfej(ary by the war, our peo. pie rejulce In a very .atlifitctory and attviijily lnireln dtgrr. of prosperity evidenced by the luriri-at volume of bual- nvaa ever recurjed. Kvcry manufacture buj beon produ tl.', avrlrultural purauita have yielded abundant returns, labor In the fit-Ida of Industry Is tx tter rewarded, revrnue Itflslatlun (mased by the prest-nt t'Oimrexa has ln rea.-d the treusury'a re ceipts to the amount estimated by Ita authors, the Ilium m of the government have b"rn lurinxfully administered anj Its credit advanced to the first rank. while Ita currency has bren maintained at the world's highest standard. Mili tary service under a, common flax and for righteous cause has strengthened the national spirit and served to cement more cloeely than ever the fraternal bond between every section of the coun try. A review of the relatione of the United State, to otbrr powers, alwaya appropriate, is this year of primary Im portance In view of the momentous Issues which have arisen, demanding In one in- stance the ultlml .determination by by arms, and Involving far-reaching con sequences which requir. the earnest at- cntlon of congress. In my last annual mesnsite very full coimidcratloii was given to the question ot the duty of the government of the I' ill ted States toward Spain and the Cu ban involution, aa being by far the most Important problem with which we Were culled upon to deal. The considerations then advanced, and the exposition ot the views therein expressd, disclosed my sense of the extreme gravity of the situ ation. Betting aside, as logically un founded, or practically Inadmissible, (be recognition of the Cuban Insurgents aj beligerents, the recognition of the In dependence of Cuba, neutral In tervention to end the war by Imposing a rational compromise between the con testants. Intervention In favbr ot one or the other party and the forcible annexa lion of the Island, I concluded It was hon estly due to our friendly relations with Spuln that she should be given a rea sonable chance to realise her expectations of reform to which she had become Irre vocably committed. Within a few weeks previously she had announced compre hensive plans which It was confidently asserted would be efficacious to remedy the evils si deeply affecting our own country, so Injurious to the true Interests of the mother country, as well as to those of Cuba, and so repugnant to the universal sentiment ot humanity. The ensuing months brought little sign of real pratrrcss toward the pacification ot Cuba. The autonomous administrations set up In the capital and some ot the principal cities appeared not to gain the favor ot the Inhabitants nor be able to extend their Influence to the large ex tent of territory held by the Insurgents, while the military arm was obviously unable to cope with the still active rebel lion, and continued many ot the most ob jectionable and offensive policies of the government that had preceded it. No tangible relief was afforded the vast numbers of unhappy reconcentrados, de spite the reiterated professions made In that regard and the amount appropriated by Spain to that end. The proffered ex pedient of tones of cultivation proved Illusory: Indeed, no lea practical nor more delusive promises ot succor could well have been tendered to the exhausted and destitute people, strtpiv, of all that made life and home dear and herded In a strange region among unsympathetic strangers hardly less necessitous than themselves. By the end ot December the mortality among them had frightfully Increased. Conservative estimates from Spanish sources placed these distressed people at over 40 per cent from the time General Wcyler's decree of rceontration was en forced. With the acquiescence of the Spanish authorities a scheme was adopted for relief by charitable contributions raised In this country and distributed un der the direction of the consul-genoral and the several consuls, by noble and earnest Individual efforts through the organised agencies ot the American Red Cross. Thousands ot lives were thus saved, but many thousands more were Inaccessible to such forma ot aid. The war continued on the old footing without comprehensive plan, developing only the same spasmodic encounters, barren of strategic result, that had marked the course of the earllor ton years' rebellion as well as the present Insurrection from Its start. No alterna tive save physical exhaustion of either combatant and therewithal the practical ruin ot tthe Island, lay In sight, but how far distant no one could venture to con. Jeoture. DESTRUCTION OP THE MAINE. At this Junoture, on the 15th of Febru ruary last, occurred the destruction of the battleship Maine, while rightfully lying In the harbor of Havana on a mis sion of International courtesy and good will, a catastrophe the suspicious nature LATIf DIFFICULTY LEADI JQr JX UtfEf) and horror of which stirred the nation's heart profoundly.. It Is a striking evi dence of U poise and sturdy good sense distinguishing our national character that this shocking blow, falling upon a generous people, already deeply touched br preceding events In Cuba did not move them to desperate resolve to tolerate no longer the existence of a condition of danger and disorder at our doors that made poMlble such a deed by whomso ever wrought. Tel the Instinct of justice prevailed and the nation anxiously awaiieu the result of the searching in vestigation at once set oa foot. The finding of the naval board of Inquiry es tablished that the origin of the explosion was external by a submarine min. only halted througn lack of positive tes timony to fix the responsibility of Its auiiiorsblp. All these things carried conviction to the most thoughtful, even before the finding of the naval court, that i.ri.t. In our relations with Soain aiM tn.. Cuba were at hand. Bo strona- was this belief that It needed but a brief exerntiv. suggestion to the congress to receive Im- meomie answer to the duty of making Instant provision for the possible and perhaps speedy emergency of r and the remarkable. spectacle was presented of a unanimous rote of both houses on the th of Marr appropriates fifty million dollsrs, "for me national defense and for each and ytyn connected tnerewlth, to oe rxpenuea at the discretion of the P-esldent." That this act of provision came nn too soon was disclosed when the ampli cation of the fund was undertaken. Our ions were practically undefended; our navy needed large provision for lncrid ammunition ana supplies, and even num bers to cope with any attack from ih navy of Spain, which comprised modern veweis of the highest type off continental perfection. Our army also required en largement ot men and munitions. Th. omaiis or tne hurried nmiin.. for the decided contingency is toM in the reports of the secretaries of nr ana or tne navy, and need not be re peated here. It Is sufficient to say that the oucbrealc of war. when it did come, found our nation not unprepared to meet the conflict, nor was the apprehension of coming sirire conflued to our own coun try. It was felt y the contingent pow. ers. wnicn. on April Sth. through their ambassadors and envoys, addressed to the executive an expression of hope that hu manity and moderation might mark the course of this government and people, and that further negotiations would lead to an attempt which, while securing the maintenance of peace, would affirm all necessary guarantees for the re-estab-llshment of order In Cuba. In respond ing to that presentation I also shared the hope that the envoys had expressed, that peace might b perserved In a manner to terminate the chronic condition of dis turbance In Cuba, so Injurious and men. aclng to our Interests and tranquility. as well as shocking to our sentiments of humanity; and while appreciating the humanitarian and disinterested charac ter of the communication they had adopt ed on behalf of the powers. It had stated the confidence ot this government on Its part that equal appreciation would he shown for Its earnest and unselfish en. deavors to fulfill a duty of humanity by ending a situation, the Indefinite prolon gation of which had become Insufferable. Still animated hy the hone of a oeace. ful solution and obeying the dictates of duty.no effort was relaxed to bring about a speedy ending of the Cuban strutale. Negotiations to this effeot confirmed actively with the government of Spain, looking to the immediate conclusion of a six-months' armistice In Cuba with a view to effect the recognition of her dco- ples right to independence. Besides this, the instant revocation of the order of reconcentratlon was asked, so that the sufferers, returning to their homes and aided by united American and Spanish effort, might be put In a way to support themselves and by orderly resumption of the well-nigh productive energies of the Island, contribute to the restoration of Ita tranquility and well being. Nego. nations continued for some little lima at Madrid, resulting In offers by the Spanish government which could not but be re garded es inadequate. It was proposed to confide the preparations of peace to th insular parliament, yet to be convened under the autonomist decrees of Novem ber, 1SS7, but without Impairment In any wise of the constitutional powers of the Madrid government, which to that end would grant an armistice, If solicited by tho insurgents, for such time as the general In chief might see fit to 0.x. How and with what scope of discretionary powers the Insular parliament was ex pected to set about the "preparation" for peace, did not appear. If it was to be by negotiation with the Insurgents, th Issue seemed to rest on the side with a body chosen by that faction of the electors In the districts under Spanish control, and on the other, with the in surgent papulation heading the Interior country, unrepresented In the so-called parliament, and defiant at the sugges tion of suing for peace. INTERVENTION RESOLVED ON. Grieved and disappointed at this bar ren outcome of my sincere endeavors to reach a practicable solution, I felt It my duty to remit the whole question to con- tress. In the message of April 11, K38, I announced that with my last overture in me dlrrctlon of immediate near In 'uba, and Us disappointing reception by ins enort.of the executive was brought lo an end. I strain reviewed the alternative coarse of action which I had ficyve concluding that the only con, sonant with International nolirv .n compatible with our firm set historical iraa.tjons, was Intervention as a ntutral to stop the -war and check the.hODelMs "crrace ot . ur, .ran though that re oA involved "hostlls constraint nrvm hotli parties to the contest, as w.Il as to enforce a truce as to aula, tha vif. uai settlement. The grounds justifying that sto were the Interests Of humanity, the duty to protect life and-property. of our cltLnns In Cuba: the right to check Injury to our commerce and people through the devas tation or the Island, and, most Important, the .need of. removing at once ami for ever trie constant menace and the bur dens entailed upon our gov.rnment by the nnreruintle and perils of the situ ation caused by the unendurable disturb ance la Cubs, I said:.. The loo trial has proved that the oblt. for whinh Spain has waged the war cannot he at tained. The fir of Insurrection , may fUme Or maysmoulder, with varying sea sons, but It has not been and It la plain inetji cannot e extinguish.- by present methods. ; The only hop, of relief, and repose from a condition which can no loeges be jwduied Jo the. enforced Dacin- catlon of Cuba. In the nam ot humanity, n tne name of civilisation. In behalf of endangered; American Interests, which give us the right and duty to speak and to act, the war- In Cuba must stop." in view of all this the congress was asked to authorize and empower the pres ident To make measures to secure a full and final termination of hostilities be tween Bpaln and the people of Cuba, and to secure to the island the establishment of a stable government, capable of main taining order and observing Its Interna tional obligations, In securing peace and tranquility and the security of its citl- xens as well as our own, and for the accomplishment of those ends to use the military and naval forces of the United States as might be necessary with added authority to continue generous re lief to the starving people of Cuba, The response of the congress, after nine days of earnest deliberation, during Which the almost unanimous sentiment of your body was developed on every point, save as to the expediency of coup ling the proposed action with a formal recognition of the republic ot Cuba as the true and lawful government of that Island a proposition which failed tt adoption the congress, after conference on the 19th of April by a vote of 42 to M In the senate and 311 to In the house, passed the memorable Joint resolution de claring: First, that the people of the island of Cuba, are; and by right ought to be, free end independent. "Second, that It Is the duty of the Chltcd States and the government of the United States hereby demands that the government of Spain at once relin quish its authority in the island of Cuba and withdraw Its land and naval forces from Cube, and Cuban waters. "Third, that the president of the United Slates be and Is hereby directed snd em powered to use the entire land and naval forces of the United States, the militia of the several states to such extent as may be necessary to carry these resolu tions into effect. "Fourth, that the United States hereby disclaims any disposition or Intention to exercise sovereignty. Jurisdiction, or con trol over said Island, except for the pacification thereof.and asserts Its deter mination, when that Is accomplished, to leave the government and control of the island to the people." DEPARTURE OF DE LOME. This resolution was approved by the executive on the next day. April 20. A copy was at once communicated to the Spanish minister at this capital, who who forthwith announced his continuance In Washington had thereby become Im possible, and asked: tor his passports. which wvre given him. He thereupon withdrew from Washington, leaving the protection of Spanish Interests In the United States to the French minister and the Austro-Hungartan minister. Simultaneously with its communication to the Spanish ml nutter, General. Wood ford, the American minister at Madrid, was telegraphed confirmation of the joint resolution and directed to communicate It to the government of Spain with the formal demand that It at once relinquish Its authority and government in the island of Cuba and withdraw Its foroes therefrom, coupling this demand with announcements of the Intentions of this government as to the future of the Island In conformity wrtb the fourth clause ot the resolution, and giving Spain until April 3 to reply. Ttte demand, although, as above shown, officially made known to the 8panlsh envoy here, was not delivered at Madrid. After the Instructions reached General Woodford on the morning of April 21, hut before he could present It the Spanlsih minister of state notified him that upon the president s approval ot the Joint reso lution the Madrid government, regarding the act as "equivalent to an evident declaration of war," had ordered Its min ister in Washington to withdraw, there by breaking oft diplomatic relations he. tween the two governments and ceasing all official communication between the two countries. General Woodford thereupon demanded his passports and quitted Madrid on the same day. Spain, having thus denied the demand ot the United States, initiated that com. plete form of rupture of relations which attends a state of war, ' the executive powers authorised by the resolution were used hy me to meet the enlarged con tlngency of actual war between Spain and the United States. On April 22 I proclaimed a blockade of the northern coast of SCuba, Including ports on said coast between Cardenas and Biihla Honda, and tho port ot Clon fucgoes on the south coast ot CulJo, and on tho 23rd I called for volunteers to ex ecute tha purpose of the resolution. DECLARATION OF WAR. By my message of April 25 the con gress was Informed of the situation and I recommended formal declaration of the existence of a state of war between the United States and Spain. The congress accordingly voted on the same day the act approved April 25, 1S0S. doclaihig t!he existence of such war from and In. litding the 21st day of April, and re-enaoted the provision of the resolution of April 20, directing the president to use al the armed forces of th nation to carry that act Into effect Due notification of the existence of war as aforesaid was given April 26 by telegraph to all the govern ments with which the United States 1- marntnlrwxl retivtlons. In order that thetr neutrality might b assured during th wwr. The various governments responded with proclamations of neutrality, rh after Its own methods. It is not among the least gratlfylns ne.itps 0f tho truggle that the obligations of neutrai fty were impartially discharged by all. often tinder delicate and difficult clr. cumstances. ' In further fulfillment of International duty, I tnsued April 28 a proclamation announcing the treatment proponed to be accorded to vessels and their cargoes as to hlockade, contraband, the exerotse of the right of subject and th immun ity f neutral flags and neurrnl goods under enemy's flag. A similar procla mation was made by the Spanish govern ment. la the conduct f. hostilities the rules of th declamtlon of Paris, Includ ing abstention from resort to nnvatser lag. have accord Ir.jly bn observed ky both belligerents, although neither was a party to that declaration. ' ' Our country thus, after an Interval af half a century of peace with all nations, found Itself engaged in deadly conflict with a foreign enemy. . Every nerve was Strained to meet th emergency. The re sponse to the Initial cell for IiS.000 volun teers was, instant and ootnplet, as was also the result of the second call of May lor 75,ooo additional volunteers. Tha ranks of tha regular army were Incraased to toe limit provided hy the act of April 22. The enlisted force of the navy on August V, when it reachsd Its maximum, numbered 24,123 men and apprentices. One hundred and three vessels were ad ded to the navy by purchase, en was presented to the government, one leased. and four vessls of the International Nav igation Company, the Bl Paul, St. Louis, 'ew Torn and Paris, were chartered. In addition to these the revenue cutters and lighthouse tenders were turned over to the navy department and became tem porarily a part ot the auxiliary navy. STRENGTH OF ARMY AND NAVT. The maximum effective fighting force of the navy during the war, divided into -classes, was as follows: Four baltleimips of the first class, ons batttleshlp of the second class, two ar mored cruisers, six ooast-defense moni tors, one armored ram, U protected cruisers, three unprotected cruisers, U gunboats, one dynamite cruiser, 11 tor pedo-boats, li old vessels ofthe old navy. Including monitors. Auxiliary navy Auxiliary cruisers, 2S converted yachts. 27 converted tugs, li converted colliers, four revenue cutters, four lighthouse tenders and 13 miscellan eous vessels. Much alarm was felt along the entire Atlantic seaboard lest an attack might to made by the enemy. Every precau tion was taken to prevent possible Injury to our great cities lyhg along the coast. Temporary garrisons were provided, drawn from the state militia, and infan try and light batteries were drawn from the volunteer force. About 12,000 troops were thus employed. The coast signal service was en.Mihd for Observing tho approach of the enemy's ships to the coast of the United States, and the light house service co-operated, which en abled the navy department to have all portions of the Atlantic coast from Maloti to Texas under observation. The auxiliary navy was created under the authority of congress snd was offi cered snd manned hy the naval militia of the several states. This organisation patrolled the coast and performed the duty of a second arm of defense. Under the direction of the chief en gineer, submarine mmes were placed at the most exposed points. Before the war permanent mining casements and cable galleries had been taxed at all Important harbors. Most of the torpedo material was not to be found in the market and had to be specially manufactured. Under date of April 19 district officers were di rected to take all preliminary measures, short of the actual attaching ot the load- ed mines, to the cable, and on April 22 telegraphic orders were Issued to place the loaded mines In position. The aggregate number of mines placed was 13 at the prlnrlixil harbors from Maine to California, prejniratlons were also made for the planting of mines at certain other harbors, but owing to the early destruction of the Spanish fleet, the mines were not pluced. The signal corps was promptly organized and per formed service ot the most difficult and Important character. Its operations dur ing the war covered the electrical con nection of all coast fortifications, the establishment of telephonic and tele- gmphia facilities at camps at 'Manila, Santiago and In Porto Rico. Thr were constructed S00 miles of line at 10 great camps, thus facilitating military move ments from those ports in a manner heretofore unknown, ta military adminis tration. Held telegraph lines were estab lished and maintained under the enemy's fire at Manila, and later the Manila-Hong kong cable was reopened. In Porto 'Rico cable communication was opened over a discontinued route and on land the purposes of commanding o Aiders was kept In telegraphic and telephonlo communication with the division com manders on four different lines ot oper ations. There was placed In Cuban, wat ers a completely outfitted cable ship with war cables and cable gear suitable both tor the destruction of communications belonging to the enemy and the establish ment ot our own. Two ocean cables were destroyed under the enemy's butteries at Santiago. The day previous to the land, ing ot General Shatter's corps at Caiman era within 20 miles of the landing place, cable communication was established nd a cable station opened, giving direct com munication with the government at (Continued on page three.) Baking Powder Made from pure cream of tartar. Sifeiards the food against alum. Alum baiin? powders arc the greatest menace to health of the present (iay. mvu. BAMIH. WI 60.. V"". m i I if i j ? i i I
