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About The daily morning Astorian. (Astoria, Or.) 1883-1899 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 14, 1890)
m Fh? Suite Stefcwan, ASTORIA, OREGON: FWDAY FEBRUARY 14. 1890 ISSUED EVERY MORNING, (Monday irvropted.) J. F. HALLO RAN : COMPANY, Publisher :uid Proprietors. AsrouiAN'KL'ii.mx;. - CassStkket. Terms of KnlHcription. ctl b v Carrier, per . ck ... ... 1T cts Sent by Mai!, per month Co cts tnt by Mall, one j car $7.00 Free of polnxc 10 su!-.rribers, T;n: Astoki v jriamtet .s to its adver tisers the largest oiiciil.iilo!. of any ni-wspa-per published on the Co'mnbu river. CITY AND COUNTY OFFICIAL PAPER. St. Valentine's dnv. As a state, Oregon is 31 years old to day. Legal blanks, real estate blanks, etc at The loRxixa Astoiiiax oflice. The Terpsichorean club wil 1 have a hop'at Pythian Castle to-night. The grand march will Ikj played at I) r. M., prompt. Besides having a verv pleasant even ing the Y. SL L, No. 10G, cleared S30 at their Focial dance lat Wednesday owning. Next Wednesday will be Ash Wed nesday. Then come 40 days of Lent. The Lenten season is strictly ob served in Astoria. The IK year old daughter of Mr. and Mrs. .los. Kedman died shortly after miduight yesterday morning of croup. The funeral will be at one o'clock this afternoon. The talk or forming a club by the young men of the city has died out, and the matter laid on the table in definitely. This is unfortunate, but tho.e subjects have to be discussed again and again before a sure result is materialized. Many of the surveyors are unable to wait any longer and are going out into the brush to do work which has lecn delayed some time. The rain and wet is unpleasant, but it is prefer able to endure this to sitting around and accomplishing nothing. The improvements in places of bus iness are not confined to real estate offices. Many stores and shops are iKjing enlarged mid remodeled. It is becoming popular to place large win dows in the fronts and thus give a more metropolitan appearance. Cupid s arrows are in the air to-day. They are speeding here and there. They may be contained in an exquisite valentine or a dainty epistle. There is many a heart unguarded in the libt of Astoria's susceptible.', and there mav le some delicate wounds in llictod. Somebody has got too many clothes or else a thief had more than he could earn last night. This morning on Washington street the jolice olliccrs picked up several pairs of pantaloons and three coats. They were in good condition and looked as if they were in common use. Yesterday afternoon no one had appeared to claim the lost raiment The wind w;is very favorable yes terday morning for fast sailing. Two fishing boats were crossing the river and the breeze struck them just right. Away they went bow and bow even. They sailed nearly two miles neither gaining an advantage until, becoming a little separated a stronger wind took the larger boat ahead. She passed one of the tugs, and reached the dock ahead of both the tug and the other sailing boat The striugers were all placed over the piles for the foundation of Young's new block by yesterday. The tim lers are being brought for the cross pieces and upright work. The force of carentcrs will soon be busy rais ing the sujerstructure and that previ ously empty space will be covered with a line block, which will be in ac cordance with the progressive busi ness spirit or the town. The building improvements for 181)0 bid fair to snr Iass those of any three years hereto fore. PERSONAL MENTION. C. A. Scott or Eagle ClifT is in the city. Theo. D. Hock and L. A. Loomis of Ilwaco are in the city. Coroner Surprenaut is again able to iit up and take his gruel. Mrs, W. 1L Taylor and her two sis ters came over from liwaco on the Canby. 11. li Feeuy of Sea Haven is in the city. He reports that the outllook is bright for theShoalwaterbay country. Capt. Galvin will take the British iJiip Jlicersirfe back to England. Capt Bowlby, the former master, is sick at St Vincent's hospital in Port land, and will go home overland. President Keid Expected this Morning. Word was received last night that William Beid, president of the Astoria and South Coast railroad, would come down on this morning's boat He is to be here on important business in c-mnection with paying the workmen and arranging for the continuation of the work on the road. He means to have it done to Seaside in time to ac commodate the summer business. The stockholders' meeting is near at hand, and that is probably what brings him down to-day. Interest in the railroad will now be fully revived, and imjKirtant news may be expected. Trade to lie Sernred hv Astoria. A gentleman who arrived from South Bend bust night is verv enthusi astic over the prospective development ot the Willapa harbor country, as he calk it. He holds that Shoalwater bay is & misnomer for the channel from the sea to South Bend. This de velopment, he said, means a great deal to Astoria. This city will always be the nearest large distributing point to tnc bay country. Some day a railroad will be built from the north side of the Columbia opposite the city, up the east shore of the bay to South Bend. At present the coast steamers and the Hwaco railroad do most of the busi ness. Half arm Raak K. of P. Sir KxionTS, Attention : You will cct at your armory on Sunday, Feb ruary 16th, 1K3, at 3 o'clock r. m. sharp, in obedience to orders from regimental headquarters Nos. 1 and 2. By order Sir KRight Captain. Attest: A. A. Cleveland, Sir Knight Recorder. FeaaltieB must be strictly enforced ferdieefeedieBce to regimental orders. THE STONE B111LDIE. Salaries of Feieral Officers In That Government Structure. THE l'A T UP STAUIS AXJt JiOWX. The stone building in custom house square is the only evidence of federal authority that is visible in northwest ern Oregon. In the upper rooms, are the offices of the collector of customs, said by mariners to be the nicest and most comfortable of any collector on the coast The lower floor is devoted to post office proposes. The building cost S75,000, and for the last six years has been inadequate to the demands upon it, particularly in the postoffice department, which requires more room and increased postal conveniences. It is now a dis tributing point for 3G different post offices, and the work is as much as hi many offices the emoluments of which are So,000ayear. The Astoria postmaster, for the fis cal year 1890-'91, will get S3.G00; $2,200 as postmaster's salary, and $1,400 for clerk's hire. Postmaster Gray was seen yesterday: he said that he would not take charge of the office until April 1st He has to give bonds in the sum of 20,000. He has not jet appointed any of his employes. Collector Tiiylor was also inter viewed. His commission has not vet arrived. He expects to assume his official duties about March 1st It is his intention to retain Mr. J. E. Hig gius, the present efficient deputy, in his position till June 30th; that date is the end of the fiscal year, and on that dale all the accounts for the year are made up. Mr. Taylor luis not made any ap pointments as yet, but is understood to have the names of several applicants under consideration. Tim emoluments of the collector's office are not xcry extensive. The col lector of the port is paid tin annual salary of 3,000; the deputy gets 82,000 a year, the .issistant "deputy $1,500. There are two inspectors who each get $1 a day. The janitor receives, altogether, $920 a year. The receipts of the office are mainly duties on imports. In the last three years sweeping reductions have been made in charges, so that the receipts from fees arc not over $."0 a month, considerably less than they used to be. The charges on coasting vessels are almost entirely done away with; the fees on foreign tonnage are re duced from 30 cents to G cents a ton; the entrances and clearances of do mestic steamers are no longer a source of revenue, and the adjustment, en rollment and registry of domestic ves sels Is now charged for at figures one tenth of those required a few years ago. ICenlEntnte Matters. Bcal estate is somewhat dull now. Few dealers report many large sales, but still there is a firm demand for good property. This dullness is chief ly due to the weather. Before most sales of importance are consummated, it is necessary for the buyers to .see the land. While everything is so wet it is very unpleasant to get out, hence the real estate men have not taken many parties around during the past week. The inquiries from outsiders are extensive. They come from all over the country, especially from the central section of the United Slates. It is noticeable that San Francisco people are not as anxious to possess Astoria realty as those who live in Tacoma and Seattle. This is probab ly due to the fact that she is absorbed so much in herself while the latter cities are compelled to hear of our progress. Notwithstanding the un warranted action ot Tattle, and the capital that is being made out of it, shrewd buyers in Tacoma are looking favorably towards Astoria. Nearly $800,000 worth of property has changed hands since January 1. In two mouths more the transfers of that part of 1890 will exceed the entire amount for 18S9. A Suit For Land. A suit was filed yesterday by Mary Bodney Adair and S. D. Adair against Mrs. B. A. Owens-Adair and John Adair. The plaintiff's prayer Is to the effect that Mary Bodney Adair shall be relieved from default in making a payment for a deed executed to her by the defendant, Mrs. B. A. Owens Adair, and reiieviug her from for feiture of the deed. Also it is asked that the deed be corrected so as to conform to the understanding of both plaintiff and defendant in regard to the Adair slough, and in order to cover the east half of the Coflinberry donation land claim on the east side of the slouglu Further the defendant is to be directed to execute to the plaintiff, Mary Bodney Adair, a con veyance, as provided in the bond, of lots , G, 7, section 26 lots 7, 8, section 27, T 8 N. B 10 W, the homestead entry of Sam'l A. Adair, conveyed to G. H. Metidell, and by him to B. A. Owens-Adair, and other land on the water front of Young's bay. The plaintiffs originally con veyed the above mentioned property to G. H. Mendell, but it was to be re turned on payment of $5,248 with 10 per cent interest Other property was later given in place ot that first conveyed, which was supposed to can cel the indebtedness. A misunder standing followed which has ended in a suit Hats 2." and f0 cents at McEwans Emporium. Horc a ;oil C;ii:iurr. Lois in c:ty limits from 200 to S.T00, for eight days, at the real estate ofhYe of SloMsl ii & Welch. ('iTrtVe and fake, ' its. at the !' lutes! style ol CririV IJools ami "Iiiks at P. .1. Coitmi an's. Uemuinber the Austin house at the Seaside is open the year 'round. Io You Like h Good Clear? Call at Charley Olsen's, east ofC. 11. Cooper's. He will suit you. A fine stock of cigars to select lrom. All the patent medicines advertiseu in this paper, together with the choicest Eerfumery, and toilet articles ctc can e bought at the lowest prices at J. W. Conn's drug store, opposite Occident hotel, Astoria. WciHkard's Beer. And Free Lunch at the Telephone Sa loon,.1;, cents. Ludlow's Ladies' $3.00 Fine Shoes; also flexible hand-turned French Kids, at P. J. Goodman's. Ckilirci Cryfa-PitcMer's Ctstiria THAT " CHINOOK WIND' Definite Facts from an Astorian Who Knows. Editob AsTeniAx: There is a very- momentous question agitating the minds of the people of northern Oregon, and it should be settled. If you care to have it set tled you can do so by publishing the fellewing: . The question is, "Where does the 'Chinook' wind come fron and whither does it go?" My old friend V. W. Gillett tried to settle, the question in a communication in the Oregonian by saying "it comes from Chinook and goes to Astoria," and he gives for au thority Mr. Birnie, an old Hudson Bay company man. I knew Mr. Bir nie well, and knew him long before Mr. Gillett came here. Mr. Birnie was good authority on matters and things generally pertaining to this country. But Mr. Birnie was a jolly good joker; Mr. Gillett was a tender foot eager for knowledge. Wrapped in his mantle of verdure he applied to Mr. Birnie for light on the "Chinook' question. The Hudson Bay company man seeing his opportunity, perpe trated his little joke. As a matter of fact there is no such wind known, from an Astoria stand point, as a "Chinook' wind. The Ncz I'erces, Cayuse and Walla Walla In dians living east of the Cascade moun tains knew of a tribe of Indians called the Chinooks, whose country was on the Columbia river near to great salt water. The Indians east of the Cas cades know that when they were pinched with cold and their country was covered with snow, the wind that gave them relief came from the coun try of the Chinooks, aud on such oc casions they would appeal to the Great Spirit to send them a "Chinook' wind. The Chinook Indians, knowing that the wind that brought them frost and ice and snow came from the laud of the Walla Wallas, would snpplicate the Great Spirit to withdraw from them the Walla AValla wind. There Wits no such wind at Astoria :i3 a "Chinook wind,' neither w;us there at Walla Walla a wind known as the Walla Walla wind. At AValla Walla a southerly wind was ndled by the Indians a "Chinook wind.' At Chinook a northeast wind was called bv the Indians a "Walla Walla Avind." That set lies it. A. B. McKkmc. Astoria Feb. 13, 1S90. Y. 31. C. A. r.NTERTAIXJIF.XT. Rpv. 3Ir. nrnimis's IPj-tiire on "Dead Dents" The Y. M. C. A. gave an interesting entertainment last night at the Bescuo Club hall. Prof. Pratt read the fam ous ixcm "Barbara Freitche," Prof. Bewley delivered the recitation "I want to see that man,"' Miss Nellie Flavel and Prof. Francis gave an in strumental musical duet, Bev. Mr. Graunis held the attention of the audi ence with a bright lecture on "Dead Beats. To present the comic side of the subject he used an immense beet weighing 3G lbs. He said dead beats are everywhere, in all classes of socie ty, and in all conditions of life. They are found in the waste bucket at the back door of a hotel and in the finest suit of rooms, among the freight in the hold of a vessel and in the rich ness of the cabin, on the trucks or the cars and in upholstered Pullman sleepers. To avoid the characteristics of a dead bent, si man should be prac tical, have employment, and put time to its best use. i)ead beats are a bane to society and every legitimate meas ure should be used to eradicate them. The remainder of the evening was oc cupied with a magic lantern exhibi tion. 3IAUIXE NEWS AXD NOTES. The Chas. Cottsworlh, Nereua and Ea.sto.roft went up stream yesterday. The deep sea fishing schooner Geo. llr. Chance, is off on a two weeks' fishing cruise.. The JUcer.s'ule, an English ship, came down from Portland yesterday. She has on a large cargo of ilonr, con signed to Liverpool. She will sail upon completion of cargo. The British ship EasUwoft was towed to Portland yesterday, re maining in port only over 'night It Is necessary to get her cargo of tea across the continent; a sjecial Strain will carry the tea to New York from Portland. The Alameda came down from Portland yesterday and is alongside the Union Pacific wharf. She is a vessel which it is a pleasure to inspect Her high and powerful masts impress one as ho first approaches her. Though a wooden vessel, she appears positively sound and seaworthy. As her. neat decks, solid hull and great sail expanse are noticed, one feels as if it would be genuine pleasure to cross the ocean upon her. The four masted schooner Douglas Dearborn which sailed from Port Blakely late in December with a car go of lumber for Philadelphia, aud which was thought lost, has been heard from in a dispatch to the Mer chants' exchange from San Diego, winch reports the arrival there ot the schooner Comet from New Castle, New South Wales. The Comet re ported that on January 18th in lati tude 10 degrees south" longitude 132 degrees west, she spoke the Douglas and all were well on board. Collins Points for IlnilroatR The railroad companies have a quiet way of always finding out the opportunities offered in a growing town. They seldom make much dis play at first, especially if it a trunk line that Is concerned. Men, who are trusted and exiterienced are sent out as scouts, as it were, to inspect the field. Yesterday a gentleman who is a keen observer remarked that of late there have been several men in town who have stopped a day or two and then left without giving an impression as to their errand. Their appearance shows plainly that they are not adven turers, they have an earnest, quiet wav of gaining facts, they do not want to invest in real estate nor solicit adver tisements for some fakir journal. They say little and listen much. When asked what their object is or their business, either a stony impene trability is exercised or a suggestion is given that they are traveling for pleasure or their health. TlmsA mn are not frequent enough to have at tracted attention from but a few. It may be that what is 60 carefully done and observed now may show its results by positive action of the great railroad companies in the spring and summer. If you have catarrh, you are in dan ger, as the disease is liable to become chronic and affect your general health, or develop into consumption. Hood's barsaparilla cures catarrh by purifying and enriching the blood, and building up the system. Give it a trial. Meats Ceaicc4 t ortfer. Private rooms for ladies and families: at Central Restaurant next to Foard & btokes'. MANUFACTORIES NEEDED. A Necessary Factor in the Growth of a City. Manufacturing will build up a town faster than anything else. A deep har bor will avail nothing and a railroad will accomplish little unless there is manufacturing. It is this that gives employment to large numbers of men. If anybody has an idea that people are coming to our city just to live and have no business, he is greatly mis taken. There are too many other lo calities near the great centers of pop ulation, for this toljecome solely a res idential city and nothing else. An enterprise which will' employ five hun dred laboring men and support their families, -would in turn give trade to numerous stores and help other in dustries. Portland has advanced more than ever before since she has secured manufactories that pay regu lar wages to thousands. The Sound cities are realizing now that their phenomenal booms are about over, and that to prevent reaction and con tinue to prosper they must have steady employment for the laboriug class. The one thing that placed southern California at a stand still after the in flation was the non existence of manu factories. Climate and agricultural possibilities in the surrounding terri tory aid grandly in making a town mi emporium of trade, but stable increase in imputation, commerce and wealth, will only come when that place is a center of varied industrial enterprises. EDISOX AS A NEWSBOY. Iliw tin Wizard Onre Did a ("rent Stroke of 15nships in War-Timp. The following Is ono of the 4Taiks witn Edison" which George Parsons Lathrop rciKirta in Harper's Maga zine for February. "At the beginning or the civil war," said Mr. Edison, "I wjis slaving late and early at selling paiers; but to tell the truth, 1 was not making a fortune. I worked on so small a margin that I had to bo mighty careful not to overload my self with papers that I couldn't sell. On the other baud, I could not afford to carry so few that I should find my self sold out long before the end of the trip. To enable myself to hit the happy mean, I formed a plan which turned out admirably. I made a friend of one of the compositors in the Free Jiex.i oflice, aud per suaded him to show me every day a 'galley proof of the most im'iorrant news article. Fromi study of its headlines I soon learned to gauge the value of the day's news and its selling capacity, so that I could form a tolerably correct 6StUi mate of the number of papers I should need. As a rule, I could dispose of about 200; but if there was any special news from the seat of war, the sale rau up to 300 or over. "Well, one day my comio5itor brought me a proof slip, of which nearly the whole was taken up with n gigantic display bead. It was the first report of the battle 'if Pittsburg Lauding -afterward called Shiloh, you know and it gavo toe number of killed and wounded as G0, 000 men! I grasped the situation at once. Here was a chance for enormous sales, if only the people along the line could know what had happened! if only they could see the proof slip I was then reading! Suddenly an idea occurred to me. I rushed oft to the tele graph operator and gravely mado a proposition to him, which he received just as gravely. He, on his part, was to wire each of the principal stations on our route, :isking the station mas ter to chalk up on the black bulletin board- used for announcing the times of arrival and departure of trains the news of the great battle, with its accompanying slaughter. This Jie was to do at once; while I agreed, in return to supply him 'free, jjratis, for nothing.' a Harper's Weekly a Harper's Monthly and a daily .even ing paper during the next six months from that date. "This bargain struck, I began to bethink me how I was to get papers enough to make the grand coup I in tended. I had very little cash, and, feared, still less credit 1 went tojthe superintendent of the delivery depart ment and proffered a modest reqnest for 1,000 copies of the Free Press on trust. But I was not much surprised when my request was curtly and grufily refnsed. In those days, though, 1 was a pretty cheeky boy, and felt desperate, for I saw a small fortune in prospect if my telegraph operator had kept his word a ioint on which I was still a trifle doubtful. Nerving myself for a great stroke, I marched up stairs into the ofiico of WilberF. Storey lu nisei f and asked to pee him. A few minutes later I was shown in to him. I told him who I was, and that I wanted 1,500 copies of the paper on credit. The tall, thin, dark-eyed,, as cetic looking man stared at me for a momcut, and then scratched a fow words on a slip of paper. 'Take that down stairs,' ho said, 'and you will get Avhat you want.' And so I did. Then I felt happier than I have ever felt since. "I look my 1,500 papers, got three boys to help mo fold them, and moun ted the tram, all agog to find ont whether the telegraph operator had kept his word. At the town where our first stop was made I usually sold two papers. As the train swung into that station I looked ahead and thought there must be a riot going on. A big crowd filled the platform and-as the train drew up I began 4to realize that they wanted my papers. Before wo left I had sold a hundred or two at five cents apiece. At the next station thejuace was fairly black with people- T raised the ante and sold 800 papers at ten cents each. So it went up until Port Huron was reached. Tlien I trans ferred my remaining stock to $he wagon which always waited for me there, hired a small boy to sit on the pile of papers in the back of the wagon, ba as to discount any pilfering, and sold out every paper I liad at a quarter of a. dollar or more pet copy. 1 remember I passed a church'full ot worshipers, mid stopped to yell out my news. In ten seconds there was not a soul left in meeting. All ot them, in cluding the parson, .were clustered around me, bidding against each .other for copies of the precious paper. I "You can understand why it struck me then that the telegraph Tnust lej aooni me nest ining going, ior it w theielegrapic notices on the bulletin boards that had done the trick. I de-. tormined at once to become . a tele graph operator. But if it hadn't been for Wilber F. Storey I should never have fully appreciated the wonders' of electrical science." 0 TO LARSON & HILlBtCK -FOR- GROCERIES AKD FSESn FRUITS. Orders Delivered Free ef Charge. Country Orders Solicited. Third street, next to Pioneer office. ' MAlTlsrATE TRANSFERS. FIB. 13. As Filed Ir Tko Ceaaty Recorder's Oflee Yeflierda?. JL J. Amundsen to Jordon McGregor, E, of SEjr.SW,of. SE3g SEK, of NE, section 15, T 7 N, RRW 8 m George McFarland to Perry Wiley, interest in lot 3, section 4, T7N, R 8 WJot 6, 8ection33.T8N.'R9W. 4Y E. P. Thompson to Chas. A. Anderson, lot 3. bllr Ifi Warrenton ." 120 E. A. Noyes and wife to J. A. irrane, iois 10, 14, 10, lb, 1 , blk 13. East Astoria ADD State of Oregon to Bridget wrant, iota J, 7, section 4, T7N.R 9 W (Under swamp law acU Previously reported this year 5786,536 Total to date $787,956 SPECIAL; BENEFIT! ! FOURTH j ANNIVERSARY I FOURTH I "HOW T1MB FLIES" It's 4 years since I started a small clothing establishment in the Occident Hotel building, and thanks to God and my friends, I can now boast of having one of the Largest and Finest Clothing Emporiums IN THE NORTHWEST. In consideration- of-their-liberal patronage, aud thanking them with all my heart, I have con cluded to offer to rny trade, FOR THE- NEXT TEN DAYS ! Everything in my store at JUBILEE PRICES ! This I intend as a Special Benefit to the People of Astoria, And will be a sale you alt- will remember for some time to come. Respectpdixy Yours, HERMAN WISE - THE OU RelialleGlotiieraii Hatter Occident Hotel Building. Astoria Iron Works. OoneomlySc, Kootot Jackson, JLstorta. or Cteaforml Musts aw! Bnler laien Land and Marine Enjzlnes :MULEB.WOmKa Steamboat Work and Cannery Work A BPJECIAI.TY, Castings tf all Descriptitns Made UONtfatSlitrtNstict. JOBV FOX. Pmldrat. aad Sspt, A. L. FOX vice President J. O. HU8TLK, 8c aad Treas. E. P.MOOIfUf fcOO., (Successors to) J. P. HYNES, -DBALEBS IN- Grbeeries Produce. Water Street, Astoria, Oregoa. TKUPMX1 MO. 7. P. . BOX SM. Twenty Per Cent Off ON ALL OVERCOATS ! FOR TEH DATS. "Maw ih f.ViA t.imfi don't, wn.it. All t.hfiSA onnrla nro movlml in plain figures. The uuou puLuiiaiac;a. ...... I t I ; : : This is no Peter mm. II. COOPER But Buy Immediately, if Not Sooner in Kinney's Astoria! Before It is All Gone. We are now selling lots in this fine Additi on for $100 and $125 that in less than one month will more than double in value. It is Less than One Mile from the 0. B. & H. Doci, and Beautifully Sitnatefl. KEEN eft COOH, Thompson & Boss Carry a Full Line of Choice Staple and Fancy Groceries. Give Us a Gall and Be Convinced. I. W. Case, BANKER. ESTABLISHED - - 1870. Tranucta a General Banking Business. Drafts drawn available in any part of the 0. 8. and Europe, and on Hong Kong, China OrncK Hours : 10 a. h. to 3 p. m. Odd Paixowa Binr.nixo, Astoria, Oregon. The Mikado. OANDY MANUFACTORY. N. J. BERGMAN, Prop'r. Fine Chocolate Bon Bons FRESH HADE DAILY. As Well as All Other Kim's tf Cream Candies. FImb Call and Glra lie a Trial. THIRD STREET, Next to Westers Union Telegraph Office. above percentage will Funk business, but straight goods. Don't Bet Left iDO YOU WANT TO MAKE: A GOOD INVESTMENT? IF SO IH WWII!! This Property is situated at the head of Young's Bay and utes jralk from TJ. P. Dock. STREETS ARE NOW BEING CLEARED. For Further Information Call on Elmore, Sanborn & be deducted on all TIM Street. 9 BUY IN Agents only thirty min- ' U SE.-I - - 2L jtx.; i A J i -