C2
ftc gattt ltoratt.
A6T0KIA, OREGON:
SUNDAY.
OCTOBER 5. 18S1
LABOR AND CAPITAL.
Bek ButiiEB is going around the
country making speeches. His asser
tions are applauded beoause they can
not be successfully contradicted. But
in his speeches what is new is not
good, and what is good is not new.
There is very little that is new in what
ie says, and his axioms are mostly ac
cepted truths. If a man says water
is wet, or railroads are better than ox
teams, or roast beef is preferable to
roots, no one is going to try to argue
the contrary.
This is about all he does is to say
what every one concedes, but he in
geniously twists facts to make it ap
pear that capital and labor are antag
onized, and that those who have no
capital can best help themselves by
making it unpleasant for its posses
sors. Ben is worth two millions and
can afford such talk a good deal bet
ter than the most of his hearers.
Thediscussion of "the relations of
labor and capital" has not hitherto
been very fruitful It has been con-
fused by ambiguous definitions. La
bor means toil, irksome exertion, ex
penditure of productive energy, but
it is also used, by a figure of speech,
to mean those persons who, having
neither capital nor land, come into
the industrial organization offering
productive services in exchange for
means of subsistence, and who are
united by a community of interest.
Capital's a product of labor employed
to assist production, but the word is
t also used, by a figure of speech, for
those persons who possess capital,
and who come into the indus
trial organization to get their living by
employing capital for profit In order
to accomplish this purpose they need
the productive services of laborers.
Laborers and capitalists are the terms
which we will always use when we
mean the persons. These two classes
make contracts on the best terms
whicb they can agree upon, like buy
ers and sellers, renters and hirers,
'borrowers and lenders. Their rela
tions are therefore controlled by the
universal law of supply and demand.
The capitalist-employer assumes the
direction of the business, and takes
all the risk, for the capital must be
consumed in the industrial process,
and whether it will be found again in
the product or not depends upon the
good judgment and foresight with
which the capital and labor have
been applied. Under the wages
system the employe and the laborer
contract for time. The laborer
fulfills the contract if he obeys
orders during the time, and
treats the capital as he is told to treat
it. Hence he is free from all respon
sibility, risk, and speculation. That
this is the most advantageous ar
rangement for him, on the whole and
in the great majority of cases, is very
certain. Salaried men and wage re
ceivers are in precisely the same cir
cumstances, except that the former
by custom and usage are those who
have special skill or training, which
is almost always an investment of
capital, and which narrows the range
of competition in their case. Physi-
$ cians, lawyers and others paid by fees
are workers by the piece. To the
capital in existence all must come for
their subsistence and their tools.
It is a common assertion that the
interests of capitalists, and laborers
are identical, that they are part
ners in an enterprise, etc. These
sayings spring from a disposition,
which may often be noticed, to find
consoling and encouraging observa
tions in the facts of soiology, and to
refute if possible any unpleasant ob
servations. If we try to learn what
is true, we shall both do what is alone
right, and we shall do the best for
ourselves in the end. The interests
of laborers and capitalists as parties
to a contract are antagonistic in cer
tain respects and united in others, as
is the case wherever supply and de
mand operate. If John gives cloth
to James in exchange for wheat,
John's interest is that cloth be good
and attractive but not plentiful, but
that wheat be good and plenti ful;
James' interest is that wheat be good
and attractive but not plentiful, but
that cloth be good and plentiful. All
men have a common interest that all
things be good, and that all things
but the one each produces be plenti
ful The capitalist is interested that
capital be good but rare, and product
ive energy good and plentiful; the la
borer is interested that capital be
good and plentiful, but that produc
tive energy be good and rare. When
one man alone can do a service, and
he can do it very well, he represents
. the laborer's ideaL To say that la
borers and capitalists are partners in
an enterprise is only a delusive figure
ofspeeoh. It is plainly based on no
facts in the industrial system.
" m
Some of the enlisted men in the
Mexican army are fine soldiers, but
there are regiments madenp of crim
inals who have been sentenced to
years of service in the army, instead
of in prison. These men are driven
into pens like cattle, and their food
thrown in to them. sThase criminals
are generally kept in the northern
part of Mexico.
LrrEKAiiiiX the biggest man in Or-
kano, Texas, hasbeen elected mayor,
and for no other reason than the dis
tinction of bulk.
AN AUSTRALIAN DROUGHT.
Ik February last, in New South
Wales, a correspondent of a provin
cial newspaper traveled for some 200
miles by railway, and throughout the"
whole journey he saw on either side
nothing but a desert "a. wilderness
destitute of any green thing, withomt
any water worthy of the name, of cat
tle in the paddocks, dead or dying;
the sun's scorching rays fell on fields
as hard as iron. The leaves of the
trees were as motionless as death it
self, there being not a breath af air
stirring. The state of affairs was
quite as bad in other parts of the
country. -There wet thousands of
square miles of landbaked and crack
ed, with the dry, brown grass flying
off in dust, without a vestige of green
or a drop of water anywhere." The
expedients resorted to in this terrible
crisis were sometimes of a most desperate-
character. Some fanners en
deavored to send their cattle jdown
to the coasts or to the towns, but
they died on the road, and their own
ers had to bear not only the loss of
the animals, but the cost of their con
veyance. This double loss largely
prevented others from imitating their
example. 3hey sat down in mute
despair to watch their ruin. One
man lost 20,000, another 50,000, and
the other 150,000 sheep, without the
slightest power to save one of them.
Millions of sheep have died, and
probably thousands of colonists who
were prosperous last year are poor,
and perhaps, ruined to-day.. Even in
Sydney the drought was so severe
that the inhabitants had to be placed
on an intermittent allowance of wa
ter. Sain hasBt last fallen, and,
therefore, the severity of the crisis
may be regarded as past.
The absence of Conkling from pol
itics deprives the country of a good
many graphic and unique things in
campaing rhetoric, but Beecher seems
to be doing his best to supply the de
ficiency. In his last letter on the
situation he speaks, for instance, of
men who "offer their ears as sewers to
dens of infamy" and who "suffer their
tongues to commit adultery with no
torious lies." These are striking and
forcible expressions; but we believe
we like Mr. Beecher better when he
chooses his similes with a view to
suggesting pictures of a more grace
ful and wholesome description.
m i
The World publishes a table giving
the estimated vote of New York state
by counties which figures up a ma
jority for Cleveland of 25,000. JSang's
county is estimated at 17,000, New
York at 40,000,, Erie at 1,000 for Cleve
land to make the result The same
paper has a Toledo special, which
gives Ohio to the Democrats by 10,
000 majority in October. Michigan,
Wisconsin and Illinois are classed as
doubtful.
The latest feature of the insurance
business is the insurance of .the lives
of babies. There are agencies at
Cleveland, Cincinnati, and other
places in Ohio, "where baby insurance
is one of the branches of the busi
ness. The policies are taken chiefly
by the keepers of baby boarding
houses, in order to obtain money for
the funeral expenses in case the chil
dren are left on their hands and -die.
The important news is telegraphed
from New York that President Arthur
has paid his taxes. The nation now
-waits in breathless expectation to hear
if the tax collebtor gave him a re
reipt, and if the receipt was written in
blue ink or black. The warrantable
presumption is that it was black and
that the receipt was written with a
steel pen on ordinary white paper, the
stub being detached.
The impossibility of collecting
funds from the government employes
at Washington under the civil ser
vice rules causes dissatisfaction
among the Republican Congressional
Committee, who complain of a lack
of campaign literature and the nec
essary funds with which to furnish it
in the quantities .needed.
' m m
Uncle Sam's credit in 1860 was so
poor that his 6 per oeni bonds sold
at 36 per cent, discount Now, bonds
of the same character are worth 20
per cent premium. The first period
was after a long Democratic admin
istration, the second after a Repub
lican administration of only twenty
four years. -
NEW TO-DAY.
FREIGHT FROM
San Francisco to Astoria-.
The Al Schooner
DORA BLUHM
Will sail from SAN FRANCISCO for
ASTORIA, about
OCTOBER lltk, 186(1.
FREIGHT, per ten -
St.
Apply to
W. H. SMITH, Apent,
i2, xiowara street, a. r.,
or CLATSOP MILL CO., Astoria.
Stockholders7 Meeting.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN THAT.THE
.. 3nn??l meeting of the Stockholders of
the Washington Packing Co. will be held at
the company's office, at or near tho city of
l.' 9rl??PP County, Oregon, on Wedues
nv.TveithdaJof November, 1861, at one
nSASl or.,tna purpose of electing
bJJinin0!? "S transacting such other
rneeUng. y .eKa"y coae berore the
By order of the board of directors.
J. W. GKAKHART,
Astoria, October 3rd, 18M. scretary-
For. Sale.
ONE HOU8E AND LOT IN ALTJER
brook. Forpartfcala lBmureTf
dw THOMBSAKNOWLBS.
Closing Out Sale.
MRS. A. B. JEWETT.
A
DESIRES TO ANNOUNCE TO TIIEXA
dles of Astoria, that wishing to'deTOto
her entire attention to
DRESSMAKING,
She will dispose- or the remainder of her
Stock of Millinery Goods
At Less than Cost!
This Is a rare chance to obtain MILLIN
ERY. GOODS at lease TweHry-ivf per
rent, cheaper than ever beore offered
In Astoria.
Ladies shonld call and examine this stock
and prices before purchasing elsewhere.
Astoria, Oregon. October 1, 186L
New Departure!
At the well-known Bestanrsot of
BOSCOE DIXON'S.
On and after this date Oysters in every
style will be served at S Cemts.
Fancy Roasts and Fried Oysters 85 Ceata
B. JDIXOtf , -
Proprietor.
Wilson & Fisher
Ship Chandlers,
HEAVY AND SHELF
HARDWARE
Paints, Oils, and Varnish.
LOGGERS' SUPPLIES.
PROVISIONS
AND
MILL FEED
AGENTS FOR
Salem Flouring Hills,
Portland Boiler Mills,
Capital Flour and
FAIRBANKS' SCALES.
ASTORIA. OREGON.
CLATSOP
MILL COMPANY
Manufacturers and Dealers in
Lumber, Salmon Trays,
BOXES, ETC.
OFFICE AND MILL, CORNER SALMON
AND CEDAR STREETS.
ASTORIA. - Oregon.
AIICT BE
HOSPITAL,
ASTOBIA,
OREGON
THIS INSTITUTION. ONDER CARE OF
the Sisters of Chanty, Is now ready for
the reception of patients.
Private rooms for the accommodation ol
any desiring them.
Patients admitted at all liouis, day or night.
No physician has exclusive right, every
patient is free to and has the privilege of
employing any physician they prefer.
United States Marine
Seamen who pay Hospital Dues, are enti
tled to Free care and attendance at this Hos
pital during sickness. Permits must be ob
tained for United States Marines at the Cus
tom House.
Sistkjis op Charity
W. E. DEMENT & CO.
DRtJQCrlSTS.
ASTORIA, - - - OREGON
Carry In Stock,
DRUGS, CHEMICALS, TOILET
and
FANCY ARTICLES.
Prescriptions carefully Compounded
Wood Yard. .
Another Reduction to Suit Hard
Times.
TTNTIL FURTHER NOTICE THE ASTO
U riaVTood Yard, Gray's Dock, foot of
uenion street, wm sea wcoa at me iouow
ing prices and deliver wherever the streets
are planked, between Trulllnger's Mill and
O'Brien's Hotel, back to Astor street :
Green Alder, 2-cut $1 25 per cord, long $3 50
Dry do do
450
do
do
do
do
do
do
S75
350
Gr'nHemlo'k do
Dry do do
Green Fir do
Dry Fir do
Extra Maple
and S. limbs do
Vine Maple
425
450
4 CO
475
do
do
do
do
3 75
3 75
400
5 50 do
do 5 00
and S. limbs do
5 25 do
do 4 75
Wood of Mi Kinds
By the Scow load at REDUCED RATES.
j. :h. d. gkay
Astoria, June 1st, 1884.
ASTORIA
Best BREAD Ih the City,
Best CADDIES,
Best CAKES and PASTRY,
Best ICE CREAM,
Fiaest Ora&aeatal WorJc to Order.
ED. JACKSON.
Notice.
Bros FOR THE BUILDING OF A school
bouse in District No-. 18, will be received
up to l o'clock P. M. the 8th of October.
1834. br the Directors of said district. Plans
and specifications can be seen at the shop of
j.j. Jones.
The right to reject any and all bids is
hereby reserved.
C. W. SHTVELY, Clerk.
September 29, 1834.
Notice.
k LL BILLS AGAINST WM. HUME'S AS
ilk. torla cannery, must be sent to Eagle
jun untu mrtner notice
J.J.BARCLAY,
Manager.
HAS RETURNED.
JP. LEATHGmS HAS RETURNED
and is ready to turn out some fine fish
ing boats for the river. Shop on the beach
between Kinney's and Elmore's canneries.
Notice.
ALL PERSONS HAYING BILLS
against Wherry & Co., contracted by rae
will please present them at oace. In future
all debts due should be paid to Wm. W.
Wherry who alone la authorized to recelDt
ior the sasae and carry oa the business of
rrnezrysuo.
"WM. D. SMITH.
Astoria, October 1st, 1694.
Carpets! Carpels! Carpets!
We beg to call tho attention of the public to our latest importation, direct from
Eastern manufacturers, of tho largest invoice of CARPETS ever offered
for sale in this city, comprising all grades, from the .
FINEST BODY BRUSSELS
In the Newest Tints and Shades.
To the lowest priced article In this line. We are determined to dispose of our stookof
Carpea within th next four weeks, and to that end offer special Inducements, precluding
the pottlMMyaf ! lTHtferold by any of oar Competitors.
-IN
Furniture and House Furnishing Line
"We can show you the very BEST GOODS at BOTTOM FIGURES. :.ml shall he pleased
to receive a call for Inspection .whether yon purchase or nut.
CHAS. HEILBOKN.
New Establishment!
HEW PEIGE
FURNITURE. FURNISHING GOODS,
Carpets, Matting, Pictures, Mirrors,
PICTURE FRAMES MOULDINGS, ETC., ETC.
At Greatly Reduced Prices,
ASTORIA FURNITURE CO.,
Cor. Chenamus and Hamilton Sts. . If. Dv BUISSON, Manager.
THE
lie Planing II.
LARGEST AND FINEST
SASH AND DOOR FACTORY
In Western Oregon.
A Full Stock on Hand and
Made Up to Order.
BOATS BTTXXjO?
AND SATISFACTION GUARANTEED.
Sashes, Doors, Windows,
Mouldings, Etc.,
Of Best Material.
Bids Furnished Contractors, Oarpenters
and Builders.
All bills due and parable at the end of the
month, unless otherwise agreed upon.
Wnr. HOWE. Proprietor.
ASTORIA LIQUOR STORE,
AUG. DANIELSON, - - Proprietor.
Rebuilt and Befitted TbreagkoHt.
The Rest of
WINES. LIQUORS, AD CIGARS,
For a Good Cigar, call for one of
"Danielson's Best."
Comer "West 9th and Water Stre eta, Astoria.
n9-6m
The Gem Saloon.
The Popular Resort for Astorians.
For the
Finest of Wines and Liquors
GotoTlE GEM SALOON.
ALEX. CAMPBELL, - - PROPRIETOR
Carnahan & Go.
SUCCESSORS TO
I. W. CASE,
IMPORTERS AND WHOLESALE AND
RETAIL DEALERS IN
GENERAL MERCHANDISE
Corner Chenamus and Cass streets.
ASTORIA .... OREGON
FOR LIVERPOOL DIRECT.
The Fine Iron Clipper Ship
GRISEDALE,
190 Al. 1522 TOB8 JCer.
Will be at Astoria shortly and will t3ke
SALMON In lots to suit shippers.
For ratoi of freight and insurance apply to
Messrs. BALFOUR, G UTHRIE & Co.,
Portland.
Or to P. L. CHERRY, Astori3.
J. W. RUDDOCK,
Practical Plumbing in All Its
Branches.
Steam and Gas Fixtures,
A Complete Stock of First-class Material.
All Wrlc Gmaraateed.
Office and Shop In Hume's building, rca
of Wheeler & Bobb's, Astoria, Oregon.
Oysters! Oysters!
AT
FRANK FAB RES.
REDUCED PRICES.
Oysters t Order. - - x nB
Frie Oysters, - - - 5 cemts
FRANK FABBE, PBOPBIETOR. I
THE -
BOATS AND TENTS
3
H
H K
o
03
S3 fj
2 -
P O 3
o
P c
p
3
CQ 2
03
6 ST r
m ?
XT .
at
O 3
X o
o L
Z a
vt
V.
J3 O
E- 3
3
cr Si
S-
G 3-
5 o
ST"
o
-t
" o
2
a
p
en
P
a.
o
s- i
3
&
T" CO
O
5J
3
FLAGS, ETC:. ETC.
$67,000,000 Capital!
Liverpool and London and Globe,
North British and Mercantile
Of London and Edinburgh.
Old Connecticut of Hartford,
AD
COMMERCIAL OF CALIFORNIA
Fire Insurance Companies,
Representing a Capital of $67,000 OOO.
B. VAN DUSEN. Auent.
C. LKI2TEX WEBKK.
il. BROWN
Leinenweber & Co.,
ESTABLISHED 1665.
ASTORIA, ... OREGON
TAMERS AND CURBRIES,
Manufacturers and Importers of
all kinds of
LEATHER All ffflDUGS.
Wholesale Dealers In
OIL ANDTALLOW.
.avEIghest cash price paid for Hides and
iauow.
THE BEST
IS THE
Royal Brand Flour
Manufactured by the
i
OREGON MILLING COMPANY
Is of Superior Quality. .and Is Endorsed
by all who use It.
THE HOUSEKEEPER'S FAVORITE
Of Superior Rising Quality.
Guaranteed to Give Satisfaction.
WYATT & THOMPSON
Solo Agents f0j. Astoria.
Wheeler & Kipp,
. PRACTICAL
Plnta Gas ail Steal Fitters
ALL WORK
Warranted, and Estimates Given,
FULL STOCK
Iron and X.cad Pipe, Bath Thus,
- Water Closets, and Gas
Fixtures.
Chimney Pipe, Cheaper than Brick,
JOBBINQPROMPTLY ATTENDED TO.
Comer Squemoqua and Hamilton Streets,
Astoria, Oregon,
NIGHT COURSE OF STUDY.
I INTEND TO COMMENCE NEXT WEEK
a course of lessons for mechanics and
otuers m . , .
coxsTxucTioar, ximeaii aibd
OKSAMESTAL JRAWIXGS
A limited number of scholars accepted.
For further particulars aP&aSl&fflce'
'Architect.
.: -
i
For The Finest Groceries.
For The Freshest Vegetables,
For The Most Complete Assortment,
For Absolute Satisfaction.
In Filling and Delivering All Orders,,
Call at
FRAJVK L.
Family Grocery and Provision Store,
Corner Benton and Chenamus Streets,
Opposite Custom House
Square.
TER apply to the Captain, or to
Fall and Winter Campaign Opened
AT THE
EMPIRE STORE
Having mustered all our forces for the coming event we are fully
prepared to present in splendid array, an almost irresistible army of
New and Stylish Goods in all our Departments,
Anxiously awaiting a fearless onslaught on the part of our patrons,
under the able leadership of the invincible General Cash, to whom we
shall gracefully and unconditionally surrender.
Among our latest novelties we direct attention to our
New Ball's Coiled Spring Elastic, Section Corset,
Having secured the sole agency in this city for this famous brand.
We guarantee to the purchaser perfect satisfaction in every respect,
and the privilege of "wearing a corset for three weeks on trial; if found
deficient the purchase money will be refunded.
PRAEL BROS.
John A. Montgomery,
DEALER IN
Tin, Sheet Iron and Copper Ware.
A Geueral Assortment of
HOUSEHOLD GOODS.
Agents for
Magee Stoves and Ranges
The Best In the market.
Piumblng goods of all klnd3 on hand. Job
work done In a workmanlike manner
PLUMBING, GAS FITTING, AND CANNERY WORK
Attended to Promptly on Reasonable Terms.
Cbcnnmns Street, Next to C. Ij. Parker' Stare.
LSTORZA.
THE NEW MODEL
A FULX STOCK ALWAYS ON HAND.
M. OI.SEX.
J. OUSTAFSOX.
MARTIN OLSEN & CO.
DEALERS IN
FURNITURE S BEDDING
Corner Main and Squemoqua Streets. Astoria, Oregon.
WINDOW SHADES AND TRIMMHCS; WALL PAPER, ETC.
A Complete Stock.
PRICES AS CHEAP AS QUALITY WILL AITORD.
AIJL KINDS OF FURNITURE REPAIRED AND TARNISHED.
FOR
Finest Groceries,
-GO TO-
FOARB I STOKES.
A FULL LINE OF
HARDWARE
AND
Ship Chandlery.
A
NEW SLIP
Just Finished In Rear of Store.
HEADQUARTERS.
FOR
Toys, Fancy Goois, Stationery.
CUTLERY, ETC.
Fresh Fruit Received Daily
A Full Stock of Smokers Ar.Icles.
2JEW GOODS CONSTANTLY ARRIVING.
CHAS. A. MAY,
Chenamus ??, soith sid, caa door
fcOM f aw.
PAKKER'S
STEADIER
CLARA PARKER
Eben P. Parfter,Master.
i
For TOWING, FREIGHT orCHAR
H. B. PASKEK.
RANGE" CAN BE HA1 NIN. AS
TORIA ONLY OF
E. M. MAWB9,
AGEKT
CAIJ, AND EXAMINE IT, Y V
WTLL BE PLEASED.
E. R. HAWES Is also agent for the
Ml patent Ciwling- Store
And other first-class 807ea.
Fnrnaoa "Work. Steam Fit
tings, etc. a specialty
A. JOHNSON.
THE LATEST STYLES
WALL 'PAPER
AT
B. B. FRANKLIN'S,
NEXT DOOR TO ASTO EIAN OFFICE.
A very large Stock from -which to select.
"Window curtains made to order.
fMy patentTrimmer to cut Wall Paper
will be lound convenient to my patrons. -
Hardware and SMp toiler?
VAN DUSEN & CO.,
DKALEBSIX
Hardware and Ship ChawHtry
Pure Oil, Bright Varnisi,
Binacle Oil, Cotton Canvas,
Hemp Sail Twine,
Cotton Sail Twine, -
Lard Oil,
Wponght Iron $pikei,j2
Galvanized Cnt Nails, ,
Agricultural Implements,
Sowing Dfacklses,
Faints and Oils, riiat cte,
at
, Tl
fic
la,'
- 4
A.
.'
ut'