VOL. XX, NO. 73. ASTORIA, OREGON, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 28, 1883. PRICE, FIVE CENTS. THE CHAMPION SCHOOL TEACHER. In a neighboring county there have been recently some complaints about the inefficiency of a teacher in a pub lic school, named Weaver, and a short time ago the directors, having col lected some facts concerning his method or instruction, summoned him before them, and the president examined Weaver in reference to the matter. He said: "Mr. Weaver, the board is not sat isfied entirely with your way of im parting instruction to the youthful mind, and we called you before us to day to ascertain what the general drift of your purpose was on certain occasions that have come under our notice, when you have been giving the boys what you seem to have con sidered useful information upon a variety of topics. For instance, Mr. Weaver, in teaching the history class, we feel compelled to take exceptions to your views, when you assert that Benjamin Franklin was shot at the battle of Agiucourt, and that Nebu chadnezzar was King of Italy, and played the fiddle while Quebec was burning. You may possibly have Inter information upon these topics than has reached the rest of us, but the community is prejudiced against these views, and they make you un popular." "I don't recollect saying that," said Weaver, "but just as likely as not I may have said Agincourt instead of Waterloo and got Nebuchadnezzar mixed up with William the Con quoror. I was sick that day and my mind didn't work right, somehow." "And besides. Mr. Weaver, we feel as if we ought to direct your atten tion to the fact that you were wrong when you instructed the class in grammar that Martin Van Buren is an adverb and that the word 'hungry' is a personal pronoun. These mis takes are serious enough, but when you flogged a scholar because he in sisted that bucolic' was not an in transitive preposition and that it did not represent a species of stomach ache, it seems to the board that you went a little to Tar. "It w:isn't for that I whipped him," said Mr. Weaver; "it was because he put a pin in my chair. I was only in fun about those things. I knew well enough that Martin Van Huron was an adjective." 'Well, sir, that may or may not be a satisfactory explanation. But the board would be glad to know your authority for the statement that Garibaldi was a Saracen who fought against the Crusaders; and that he received his name from the fact that he was bald-headed? You see the parents of the children complain aboutthis kind of thing. They don't like it They say it poisons the lumds of the little ones, and it makes parents mad." "I'm sorry," replied Weaver, "but I hold those views conscientiously, and I'm going to slick to them." "But such a theory will hardly avail to explain why you asserted to the class in arithmetic that vulgar frac tions are so called because only black guards used them, and why you made Mr. Coyle's boy go down to the foot for saying there was only two halves to an apple. The community is in dignant at these things, sir, and when they learn that you taught those lit tle innocents to spell 'dog,' d-a-w-g, I am seriously afraid that public senti ment will be strongly in favor of hav ing recourse to violent measures. Now you certainly know that there is no respectable authority for spelling the name of that useful animal d-a-w-g. It is preposterous, It shows a want of a proper sense of the fitness of things, now don't it?" "Well, maybe it does. But Til tell you. Everybody spells dog the other way, d-a-u-g, and it struck me that it'd be a good idea for my scholars to start out on a fresh, original basis; to get up something new and startling and refreshing in the dog line, and so I threw d-a-w-g out as a kind of an idea- -a mere suggestion, you under stand, without iutending to insist upon it. But I don't mind coming down on that, I will give it to them the old way if you insist upon it." "Very well. But while wo are go ing over the matter permit me to urge that you could have had no re spectable authority for telling the school that Omaha is the capital of Mexico and that the revolutionary war began m 1812; and still less is there any warrant for your assertion to the pupils in history, that the middle name of General Washington was McG rath George McGrath Wash ington. This sort of education of the infant mind attracts attention and excites remark. It brings ridi cule upon the sacred name of the Father of his country, and leads the children astray, respecting the geo graphical location of Omaha. Its wrong sir all wrong; and the board can't put up with it" "Well, the way I come to do that, I suppose," said Weaver, "was that I used to know a man by the name of Gtorge Washington McGrath, and I must have confused bun with the .other one. And as for Omaha, Til bet you it's in Mexico, or Siam, or Siberia, or some of them places; now isn't it?" "The board, Mr. Weaver, do not think it worth while to pursue this subject any further, but while we are here, I may as well mention that in that poem which you wrote as an ex ample lor me ciass in jngiisn com position, we find rather too much lev ity for such a serious matter as the education of children. It is not sole ly that you make 'Mazeppa' rhyme with 'pepper,' nor that you cause 'frolic' to rhyme with 'colic,' and bowels, with vowels,' but when you liring in 'heifer,' as a rhyme for ""zepnyr the board feels that you have probably gone a little too far, and that your usefulness as a guide and instructor of youth is, perhaps. ended. Wo think, Mr. Weaver, that we had better ask you to resign. And if you will permit me, I would offer you in a inenuiy spine, uie sugges tion that if you can procure perma uent employment somewhere in ; whitewashing establishment or as an operator upon a saw-horse, perhaps your intellectual guts may Jmd higher and more cordial apprecia tion." They are looking for a new peda gogue now, who is sounder on the commonly received theories about things. Pacific- County The Willapah Valley. "How long have you resided in this valley?" a Seattle Herald reporter asked of a sturdy representative of the Willapah river on a recent visit to that section. "Nigh on to twenty years twenty years coming Christmas." "How is the soil in your vicinity ?" "Can't be beat. Moved here from Kentucky, and I reckon I have seen as good soil as they make.' Will it grow iotatoes and other vegetables ?' "Well, if you call GOO to 700 bushels to the acre,it docs; and onions, car rots, cabbage and the like are the finest I ever saw." "How docs it compare as a dairy country with other sections you have seen?" "Now you are getting where we live. Grass of fine quality in great quantities is raised in this valley, and often as high as two crops are raised in one year. Cows do excellently, and if a person understands the mak ing of butter it can be made in this county to greater advantage than in any country I was ever in. Here is James Maliis, living just above Wood ard's Landing; he is doing quite a butter business. He finds a ready market for it at good prices. There are a few others engaged in tho same business, but it is not necessary to mention them'r" "Can you tell me why there is not more produce exported from this sec tion " "Simply because our local consump tion is so great. Take into consider ation that five logging camps are run ning on this river4 besides the saw mill at South Bend, and the compar atively small acreage under cultiva tion, and you will see why it is we are not able to ship any more produce. On the other hand we are compelled to import feed and sometimes hay for local consumption But from all in dications we are in hopes to have a large increase over our-prescnt popu lation on the river by another season. People are becoming cognizant of cur resources, and are finding their way hither with a rapidity that is surpris ing to us old stagers." "Well, much obliged for your in formation. Guess well go over and see friend Smith." "Don't be in a hurry, j'ouug man. Perhaps I can tell you something more. Come and take a ride up the valley with me.", "This place wo are passing now is the Giesy farm. The place takes in that prairie in tho rear, and contains 320 acres. It is conceded to be tho finest in the valley. This section was settled some twenty years ago by a German colouv, and I think the Giesys are the only ones remaining. It was mostlv woods and wilderness when they settled here, but with their usual energy and perseverance they succeeded in obtaining some as fine farms as you will see in the states. Fruit of even variety is raised in abundance. The valley is very rich in productiveness, and when once cleared will make the garden spot of Washington Territory. The settlements only reach Fern Prairie at the present time. James .bowler started in there a year or so ago with a logging camp, and now there aro several families living in that neigh borhood. The laud is susceptible of being converted into farms. A good wagon road the entire distance is the outlet to Woodward's Landing, and from there to South Bend, Oystor- ville and other points on tho bay." 'About what is the number of acres in the valley that could bo put under cultivation during the coming season and also the number of acres you would have should the land be cleared of standing timber?" "Annroximatelv, 1 should sav that we have not over 2,000 acres that could be utilized to good advantage. It tho land was all cleared there would be fully 12,000 acres that could be put under cultivation." "Is the land hard to clear. "No; it is comparatively easy. The figures I have given you comprise the land, strictly speaking, "within the valley, and is covered with a growth of vine maple, alder, which is conced ed to be easier to clear than any other land we have. The land bordering the valley will also be made use of some day in an agricultural sense, but at present it is chiefly valuable for the lieavy timber, consisting of fir, spruce, hemlock and cedar. The logging business, however, like every thing else here, is in its infancy, but for all that, the five camps on the river put upwards of ten million feet in the water this season." "According to your estimation, how long would it require a new settler to clear up a home and raise enough produce for his own use?" "About one year on the average claims, five or six acres can be made ready for cultivation, and with that amount of land cleared one can make a good living. You see, so many per sons have come here and settled who had barely enough money to pay for filing on "their land; some work will be done, of course, to be able to hold it, and they are compelled to seek employment either in the logging camps or in a sawmill during tho summer season, and with the money they have earned they make improve ments on their claims in the winter months, and finally, in a year or two, they resort to the farm altogether. The wages paid for all kinds of labor are very high, especially in the log ging camps. "Whnt is a politician, pa, And why is he called great? Is it because that o'er the bar He steers tho ship of stater "Oh, no, my son! "We call him great Because of his cigars, And 'cause he helps us navigate The schooner ofer the bars." i;r IHRiiuIU'a Ceagh Balsam. J. M. Yantls, Sweet Springs, Mn writes: "My mother has had bronchial and uulmonarv affection for forty ypars and fn that time has tried almost every thing, but never found anything to give her cue renei jjimmux s jmusuhi has." At W. E. Dement & Co.'s. FOR FAIKT. CURES Rheumatism, Neuralgia, Sciatica, Lumbago, Backache, Headache, Toothache, Sore Tbroat, Swelllnr. Sprain, BruUca, Burn. Scald. Froct lUtea, A5D ALL OT1IEE BODILY FUSS A5D A CUES. Soli br Drccrftti u& Dtler ererprbere. FIR Cesti a bottle. Directions la 11 Lascuiei. THE CIIAHLEK A. VOCELEK CO. (SuawMJnio A. YOCILLXatCU J BiIUhm, H4-, C S. A. &lffESs Thouch fbakon in every joint n fiber with fovcr and ague, or bilious remittent, tho sys tem innv yet bo freed from tho malignant vi rus with Hostetter'. Stomach Hitters. Pro tect the system against it with this beneficent anti spasmodic, which is furthermore n su preme remedy for liver complaint, constipa tion, dyspepsia, debility, rheumatism, kidney trouble and other ailments For sale by all Drursrists and Dealers generally. & ARNDT & FERCHEN, ASTORIA. - OREGON. The Pioneer Machine Shop BLACKSMITH , :&&&m3& S W O PS. Boiler Shop All kinds of ENGINE, CANNERY, AND STEAMBOAT WOEK Promptly attended to. A specialty made of repairing CANNERY IB;S, FOOT OF LAFAYETTE STREET. mess. The Portland and Astoria STEVEDOEE COMPAItfY j is prepared to contract with inii'ters and consignees oi vtseis ir me Loading and Unloading of Vessels AT EITHER TORT. Promptness in all cases. :md .satisfaction guaranteed New Store, New Stock Toys. Fancy Goods, Tobacco and Cigars. FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC FB.UITS A FINE ASSORTMENT. Squemoqua street, next door to the Empire Store. nl7-Gm Ed. D. Curtis & Co. UNSUKPASSED IX STYLE AND FINISH. NEW FURNITURE, A COMPLETE STOCK. Mrs. R. QUINN, GROCERIES AHD PROVISIONS, Crockery and. Glassware, JSL Fl l JStoo33L NEW GOODS CONSTANTLY RECEIVED. Northwest corner Sqnemoqua and Main streets, uii-sm HOSTETTEfiv Ready for B OHAS. A. MAY, Garnets, UBholstery Great Knock Down ! AX1 GIFT SALE!! Immense Success! Remember this is no lottery, nor have I any favorites to tlraw the prizes, every thing is fair and square. New Year's Eve I will put up for rafile throe pri7.es. FIRST: I Suit of Clothing, $25. SECOND: ! Overcoat, Worth $20. THIRD: I Hat, Worth $5.00. To any person purchasing at my store 2 WORTH OF GOODS ! jj)2 OR MORE FOR CASH ! I will Rive a number for sell! raffle. I offer mv goous ai.iiioiowe.si iiiarxejiic, xnarkUfp plain figutvs.- t Hmhls to reflui'p mv enormous fall and w filler stock of clothingaud fumlshlnggoods M. D. KANT, The Iioss Merchant Tailor anil Clothier ! The Gem Saloon. The Popular Resort for Astorians. KOK TIIK Finest of Wines and Liquors Co to the (5 EM SALOON. ALEX. CAM I'HELL PROPRIETOR. ASTORIA IRON WORKS. BKNTOK STKKBT, NEAK I'AltKKi: Hou.sk ASTOKIA. - OREGON. GENERAL MACHINISTS AND BOILER MAKERS. LAD aiMABIE ENGINES Boiler Work, Steamboat Work and Cannery Work a spe cialty. Ofal! Descriptions made to Order at Short IWotlre. A. D. Wass, President. .1. O. 1 1 ustleu. Secretary. I. W. Cask, Treasurer, joux Fox.Supcrlntendent. C. H. BAIN & 00. rEAt.F.ns ix Doors, Windows, Blinds, Transoms Turning, Bracket Vork. A specialty, and all work guaranteed. Oak, Ash, Bay, and Walnut lumber : Ore gon and Port Orford Cedar. All kinds of boat material on hand. CH.BAIXdCO. THE LATEST STYLES IN WALL PAPER AT B. 5. FRANKLIN'S, NEXT DOOR TO ASTOjtlAN; OFFICE. Avery large Stock from which to select. "Window curtains made to order. tgr-My patent Trlmmor to cut Wall Paper wiu oe xounu convenient to my patrons. IIOTElJ AXD RESTAURANTS. i'ARK-ER HOUSE, II. S. PARKER. Prop., ASTORIA. - - - OREGON. E. P. PARKER. - Manacerand Acent. Al. CROSBY. - - Day Clerk- Phil. BOWERS, - - -Night Clerk. .las. PUFFY has the Bar and Billiard room. First Class in all Respects. FREE COACH TO THE HOUSE. IT IS A PACT that JEFF'S CHOP HOUSE ON Concomly Street is the Best in Town. THAT He lias Always on Hand FRESH Mi mi I Water Bay and East ern Oysters. THAT "JEFF" IS THE BOSS CATERER. THAT He lint brca Proprietor at the "Aurora Hotel" In Kaapptoa serea yearn. OPEN DAY AND NIGHT. A Good Cup of Coffee AND OYSTERS. MRS. POWELL HAS OPENED AN OY8 ter stand and Coffee House on Main street next to the Oregon Bakery. Every attention paid to patrons. COSMOPOLITAN Chop House and Restaurant. OPEN DAY AND NIGHT. 3IcalH 25 ceutfl and Hpwards. G. BOULARD, -JIAI.V 8TUEET. - - - Proprietor. . - AST8XIA. Campi Restaurant XKYV AXD V2LL EQUIP PUD THROUGHOUT. L. Serra ita rebuilt iiu estabuahsiwDt and is prepared to accommodate the traveling punuc. A good meal furnished at any hour of the tiavornignr. 'Hie finest Liquors and Cigars at the bar. Two doors west of Ike Foster's. ii2Sm LUIGE SERRA. Astoria Restaurant. EDWARD YOUNG Announces to the public that he has located in the rooms formerly occupied by the City Bonk Store, where he will keep a Restaurant an! Cloj House Furnishing meals to order at all hours. His patrons will lind the tables supplied with ten or twelve of the best newspapers. His renutntion as former nronrietor nf the New Eugland Restaurant is a sufficient recommendation for his new house. THE BEST Boarding and Lodging House. Clias. Wallman has opened a boardlnc and lodging house south of O'Brien's hotel, near tne gas worics. The table is supplied with the best the market affords : good food and clean beds will be furnisneu at tne regular prices. (Jive me a call and satisfy yourselves. CHAS. "WALLMAN. H. B. PARKER, DEALER TX Hay, Oats, Straw. Lime, Brick, Cement and Sand Wood Delivered to Order. Draying, Teaming and Express Business, Horses ana Carriages for Hire. DEALER IK WINES, LIQUORS AND CIGARS. F1RHT CLASS Mrs T.W. Eaton. Miss Florence Camahan, EATON & CARNAHaN, DEALERS IX Fine Millinery AND Fancy Goods. . Cass Street, next door to Odd Fellows Building. REGULAR STEAM PACKET "Daisy," and Barge. Will leave Astoria, from Gray's Dock, Pnr niner. and Head of Younes Blver. Dailv. at 8 a. m., (except "Wednesdays and Suudays.) Keturnlng same day. For Landings on. Lewis & Clark's River, . On Wednesdays, at 8 A. M., lteturalng same day.. earFor FreJeht or Paseaze. apply on board or at Gray's Dock-, where Freight will be r c'elved and stored, If nesi6ry. J. H. D. GRAY. TRANSPORTATION LINES. Oregon Railway & Navigation COMPAST. O CEA.V DITISIOX. Durlne the month of January. 1884. Ocean Steamers will salf from Portland for San Francisco, and from San Francisco for Port land every 5 davH, leaving Ainsworth Dock, roruana, at juianignc. ana spear aireei Wharf, San Francisco, at 10 A. iu Throash Ticket sold to all principal cities in the United States, Canada and burope. RAIL DIVISION. Passencrer Trains leave Portland for East ern points, at 7 :30 P. M. daily. RIVER. DIY1SIOX (Middle Columbia). Boats leave Portland for Dalles at 7 :OG A M. AT-SO : Leave P6rt-T 1 T I I I land for I Mon I Tu. I We. I Thu. I FrL I S.u Astoria and I I lower uo-l Inmhls Iff AM It? A V 6 Ail DTton. Or.!? AUi Salem ....1 L viri CorT.. A .... Victoria.BCIfi Am!6 AM P AM Loaves Astoria for Portland at 6 a. m. dailr ex cept Sunday. Pnllman Palaea Ou-a rnndnir batwaanPor'- Und. and St-Paul. C. H. PRESCOTT, JOHN 1IUTR, Manager. aup't or Traffic A. L. STOKES, E. P. ROGERS, AMUt-bup-t. Uenenu Agent of Traffic. Passenger Dep't. Oregon & California R. R OREGON & TRANSCONTINENTAL COMPANY, LESSEE. On and after Dec. 2d, 1SS3, trains will ran as iollows : DALLY (Except Sundays). EASTSIDR DIVISION. Between POUT LAX D and CRAXT'S PASS MAIL TRAIN". LEAVE. ARRIVE. Portland.7 :30 A.MGrant'sPassl:2o a. m. Grant'sPass 10:cop. Ml Portland 4 :25 p. m. ALBANY EXPRESS TRAIN. LEAVE. ARRIVE. Portland.... 4 :00 p. M.lLebanon 9 i2o p. m Lebanon 4 : 15 a. 21. 'Portland... 10 :05 a. m The Orecon and California Railroad Ferrv makes connection with all Regular Trains on Eastside Division. WESTSIDK Between Portland and Corvallt MAIL TBAIX" LEAVE. ARRIVE. Portland .9 :00 A. MJCorvalll 4 :3a p. m. Corvallls 8 :30 a. m. Portland 3 :2Q p.m. EXPHES3 TRAIN LEAVE. ARRIVE. Portland 5 :00 p MlMcMinnvIUe.8 :0O PM McMlnnvlUe5:45 am (Portland 8 :30 am Close connections made at Grant's Pass with the Stages of the Oregon and Califor nia Stage Company. sarTlckets for sale at all the principal points in California, at Company's Office, Corner F and Front Sts., Portland, Or. Freicht will not be received for shioment after 5 o'clock p.m. on either the East or west side Division. B. KOEHLER. JOHN MU1B. Gen 1 Mt.nxstT. Snn't.nf TrxlBc. A.L-HTOKJiS, P. P. ROGERS. r aaax Of U3ral Act of fraSc. PuMDKer Oap't. llwaco Steam Navigation Go.'s "WINTER SCHEDULE. Astoria to Fort Stevens, Fort Canby, and lluiaco. Connecting by stages and boats for Oysierville, Montesano and Olympia Until further notice the llwaco Steam Navigation Co.'s steamer G-esa.. Miles, "Will leave Astoria On Mondays Thursdays, and Saturdays (Oystenille and Montesano mail davs.l at 7 A.M. FOB Ft.Stevens, Ft. Canby and llwaco ON Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Fridays The steamer will leave Astoria at 9 A.M. as formerly, not being confined strictly to scueaule time, Fare to Fort Canby and llwaco,.... 73 cts. -llwaco frelEht. by the ton. In lots of one ton or over, 52 per ton, "For Tickets. Towaee or Charter ap nlv at the office of the company. Gray's wnarr, 1001 01 uenion street. j. 11. u. ur.Ai, Agent. Shoalwater Bay Transportation Co. SUMMER ROUTE. Astoria to Olympia, Touching at Fort Stevens. Fort Canby. llwaco. North Beach, Oysterville. Xorth Cove, Petersons Feint. Ho . qalum, ilentenano. And all points on Shoalwater Bay, and Gray Harbor. GEN. MILES. strs. or On Columbia Itivei GEN. CANBY " GEN. GARFIELD " MONTESANO - Shoalwater Ba Gray's Harboi Connecting with Stages over rortages. Leave Astoria for Olympia, at - 7 A. 2L On Mondays, Thursdays and Saturdays arriving at Montesano the day after leaving Astoria through trip in 60 hours. Leave Olympia for Astoria on same days. Columbia Transportation Go FOR PORTLAND. (FAST TIME.) The.topular steamer FLEETWOOD, Which has been refitted for the comfort o passengers will leave Wilson and Fisher's dock every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 6 A.M. arriving at Portland at 1 P. M, Returning leaves Portland every Tuesdays and Thursdays at 6 A. M. Arriving at Astoria at 1 P. M. An additional trip will be made on Sunday of Each Week, Leaving Portland al 9 o'clock Sunday MerHiajr F&tse&gers by this rout connect at Kalama rsr sanaa pons. u. . cvAJi NAM 6 AM AM 7AM.1 7 AM 16 AM SAM 1 6 AM AM BUSINESS CARDS. Q K. THOMSON, Attorney and Cflnselor at Law. Room No,. 6, over "White House, ASTORIA, OREGON. C. W. FULTON. O. C. FDLTOJi . FUXTOI BROTHERS, ATTORNEYS AT LAW. Rooms 5 and 6. Odd Fellows Building. J Q.A.BOWIBY, ATTORNEY AT LAW. Chenamus treet, - - ASTORIA, OREGON Qt J. CUHTlg, ATTT AT LAW. California, New York and "Washington niuiy. Rooms 3 and 4, Odd Fellows Building, As toria. Oregon. . 1 N. R PltUmq iT Wnnhlnlnn 11 P nLd collections a specialty. . Astoria Agent Hamburg-Magdeburg and German-American FIRE INSURANCE COMPANIES. Jg C. HOLDER, NOTARY PUBLIC, AUCTIONEER, COMMISSION AND IN SURANCE AGENT. Q.ELO F. PAI$ SL&iU SURVEYOR OF ClatHop CoHHty.and CItr of Astoria Office :-Chenamus street, Y. M. C. A hall Room No. 8. J It. X. C. BOATMAX. Physician and Surgeon. Rooms 9 and 10, Odd Fellows Building-, ASTORIA, OREGON. TAX TUTTIiE, M. X. PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON Office Roomsl.2. and 2 Pvth!an"Rniirt. Ing. HESTDRXni? flwr J V. Thnmoa Trrr Store. "P F. IIICKS, PENTIST,; ASTORIA, - Rooms In Allen' of Cass and SqemJ :. J". E. fel Room lf.CddFeil Gas administered of teeth. CAB; Late of Fort I for tlil MEDICI? Will visit patlentS" Office in Odd Fellows1 above Cathoh! GENERAL STEM Bills of Excham Part oi Euri T AM AGENT FOR TIE A well known and commodloii ines. STATE LINE, RED STi WHITE SZ HAMBURG-J NATIONAL, and AMEI Prepaid tickets toj port. For full informal sailing days, etc, ar GEO. P. WIIEELll Notary PubllcJ WHEE Seal Estate "We have v? toria and Udi farms througr Accounts eal tions made. lleyal, Xorvod snirrj "With a comt Travel ance, 11 hatt "We are azer Xorthxcest A eifs, anc All busing ss,fentrusted tc ceive prum.Ji;uiiciiiiuu. 4 s COMMISSION Dealers 1 LUMBER, HAY, G-BAIN, POTATOES, AND COUtfTKY PRODUCE. Advances made on Consignments. Steamer TOM MORRIS. . r-e TH13 SEW isSfiSElfea and. Favorite Beat TS NOW READY FOR BUSINESS AN X can.be chartered for excursions, speei&jj parties, etc., at reasonable rates; A gen era! KeamDoaimg nusinfra iransactea. V. BOE LUN, Mast er, , Tom