r
mmn
Vol. six.
Astoria, Oregon, Tuesday Morning, September 4, 1883
No. 133.
MILITIA EFFICIENCY,
It was recently announced that
Adjt.-Gen. Drum had inquired of
the Adjutant General of each of
the states what proportion of its
quota of troops in a call for 200,
000 men could be furnished,
equipped for service, within forty
eight hours arfer receiving the no
tice. This statement Gen. Drum
has since denied. The report
possibly grew out of the fact that
in the autumn the State Adjutant
Generals are in the habit of re
porting to him the number and
effective strength of their militia
forces, in order that he may em
body the results in an annual re
port on the subject which he
makes to congress every February,
in compliance with the statutes.
Nevertheless, it is understood that
the subject of securing some sort
of reorganization of the state
forces is under consideration, and
that Gen. Drum's well-known
earnestness on this subject may
take the form of a definite recom
mendation to congress.
For the last eighteen years ev
ery session of congress, we be
lieve, has had its bill for the im
provement of the militia, but not
one of the many schemes proposed
for this purpose has succeeded.
In some cases the failure has ap
peared to be due to simple ne
glect; but beyond this there is a
serious practical difficulty. The
Constitution, in assigning to Con
gress the duty of arming the mili
tia and prescribing its discipline,
expressly reserves at the same
time to the states the right of
training the militia in accordance
with this discipline. This divis
ion of privileges and powers has
been partly ignored in some of
the projects for nationalizing the
militia, so that when they are
carefully examined in congress it
is found that they cannot be law
fully accepted.
Again, the constitution and the
early statutes eontempated a gen
eral enrollment and drilling, of the
arms-bearing populatifHunder
regulations to be madeSy" con
gress. This system, however, es
pecialiy with the growth of the
country and the gradual diminu
tion of the fears of foreign ag
gression, proved to be so cum
brous as at last to drop apart by
its own weight; in fact, in a few
years after its establishment, the
original militia system was so ful
ly recognized to be a failure that
no attempt was made to enforce
the laws of compulsory muster
that still remained on the statute
book. About half a century agOj
volunteer organizations in the va
rious states began to discharge
the duties incumbent on militia.
The legislatures encouraged them,
and at last in nearly all the states
under local lawsthese organiza
tions formed the militia system as
it exists to-day. It is evident at
ones that these bodies may have
vested rights and privileges which
it would be ungracious even if
lawful for congress to undertake
to overthrow. On the other hand,
for congress to ignore these num
crous and useful bodies of troops,
with their existing appliances, and
found a different system, would be
a costly undertaking, as well as a
needless interference with existing
organizations.
Nevertheless, the need of great
uniformity in the drill, discipling,
organization , clothing equipping,
and arming of the state troops, is
apparent. An ingenious plan,
which has proved the basis of the
more recent bills introduced into
congress, proposes to greatly in
crease the appropriation voted by
conjrress for arming: the state
troops, and then to make it appli
cable only to such organizations as
shall conformto certain prescribed
regulations in drill, target practice,
uniforms, and soon. Some doubt,
however, exists as to how far this
compulsion could be lawfully used
to deprive any state of their shares
of the public money which is an
nually devoted to arming and
equipping the militia.
As the matter stands, some
states report no organized militia
at'&U; others, an absurdly small
force; still others are deficient in
regular camps and systems of
training, and provide very imper
fect arms and equipments; while
even in some of the states where
the militia is the most prosperous
the finest regiments may be seen
rigged out in uniforms that are
ludicrously unfit for real cam
paigning. If General Drum can
suggest any good plan for law
fully securing uniformity aud ef
ficiency in the state militia he will
do good service; for it must be
remembered that the greater tho
improvement of the militia the
less is the need of a regular army.
The Nehalem Valley.
Nehalem river rises in the ihoun-,
tains west of Portland, and takes
a meandering; course through a
mountainous region to the Pacific
ocean, entering it about forty miles
south of tho Columbia. On the
river there are three settlements,
upper, middle and lower or bay
settlement. 1 will only speak of
the latter. This settlement can
be reached by one of three routes,
by wagon road from North Yam
hill and Tillamook, by steamers
from Astoria or by trail from Sea
side. The river is navigable for
small vessels about twelve miles,
when it becomes rocky and rapid.
Eight miles from the mouth the
river forks. North Nehalem, the
smaller fork, heading in Saddle
mountain. The valley proper is
narrow, from one io three miles
wide. Tide lands extend a little
above the forks, and is mostly
covered with grass. Tide comes
over this only in high winter tides.
Besides the tide land there is con
siderable good bottom lands, some
light timbered but mostly pretty
heavily. The soil of bottom and
hill is very good, with a small ex
ception. As a grass country,
this is excellent; for grain, like all
the coast region, it is not good.
Roots and vegetables, except po
tatoes, yield well; potatoes aro
subject to blight. Fruit generally
will succeed well. The hills and
mountains are covered the very
finest timber, cedar, spruce, fir,
hemlock and alder. Under the
hills is an undeveloped coal bed:
croppings are pronounced excel
lent lignite. A good stock and
dairy country with inestimable
wealth of timber and coal, yet a
curse is upon us that prevents our
rapid development. We are with
in the limits of a railroad land
grant. It might have been good
policy for the government to make
land grants, but it is hard on set
tlers to have the grant without
the railroad. Another hindrance
to settlement is the want of sur
veys. "Whole valleys here, as
rich as any land out of doors, can
not be settled because they arc
not surve3Ted, for who wants to
make improvements with the
chance of finding them on rail
road land. There are a few good
claims yet to be had on surveyed
government land an l many on un
surveyed. There are also some
good railroad claims for those who
want them. Some of the advant
ages of this section are an even
cool climate, the thermometer has
not gone above 85 degrees this
summer, plenty of fish and game,
consisting of elk, bear and deer
and wild berries in abundance.
Some of the disadvantages are the
want of roads, difficulties of get
ting to market and unfrequency of
mail communication. Oorr. TlltV
hunette Farmer.
Lumber Claims.
A circular from the general
land office directs that "officers
taking testimoiry in timber land
cases must require the witnesses
to testify as to the actual charac
ter of the soil and to state whether
or not it would be suitable for cul
tivation by ordinary farming pro
cess if cleared of its timber, and
whether the land is broken, rug
ged or mountainous, whether
thickly timbered or otherwise;
whether it would pay to clear it
for farming purposes and whether
it has any value for grazing pur
poses or for the water that there
may be thereon."
Be Careial About Titles-
Those persons who have taken
up. homesteads and pre-emption
claims, says the fitau7ar(J will
find some of these days that simp
ly complying with the form of the
law, having no regard for its spirit
or letter, will not give them such
a title as to ensure any value to
the property when tested. There
are u great number of persons who
have taken up land and put a
shanty upon it, plowed around the
tract claimed and perhaps once in
six months, when convenient, slept
over night on this so-called home
stead or pre-emption. This ma'
cover the meaning of the law, but
we are of the opinion at -some fu
ture time there will be a ruling
that such claimants obtained their
title by fraud upon the govern
ment and are not entitled to the
property. In order that a per
son ma' get an undisputed
title to property, he must live
upon and cultivate the same,
and while there may be no pres
ent contest, when property be
comes valuable the right to hold it
under an imperfect compliance
with the law will be raised, and
when fraud and non-compliance is
established, no title will bo found
to exist in the person who lias
failed to meet the spirit sis well as
the letter of tho law. The class
of persons who have assumed to
hold property in this way are
numerous, and they have done so
for speculative purposes, which
will be a strong argument against
them, as the law is intended to
give homes to actual settlers, and
not to be used by land grabbers
and speculators.
Absolutely Pure-
This powder never varies. A marvel o
purity, strength ami wlnlesomeness. More
economical than the ordinary kinds, and
cannot be sold in competition with the mul
titude of low test short weight, alum or
pnospnaic powders, soiaonintn cans, ltov
al Baking 1'owdkk Co.. ioc Wall-st. Y.
if o iOOP
In fever and Azao districts, in tropical and
other regions visited by epidemics, and in
deed in nil localities where tho conditions aro
unfavorable to health, this famous vegetable
invigorant and alterative, HostcUer's Stom
ach .Hitters, has been fonnd a potent safeguard
oven to fccblo constitutions and fracil frames,
while as a cure for indigestion, biliousness
and kindred complaints, it is without a rival.
or?ale by all Urupgists and Dealers
generally.
SOLID GOLD
JEWELRY
Scarf Pins, Chains, Watchesj
Ol every description.
Hie finest stock of Jewelry in Astoria.
EBfAll goods warrantedasreprescnted
GUSTAV HANSEN, JEWELER.
The liar. Horn. Tl Thn
bon, Ind., says: uBoth myself and wife
oweour lives toSnir.on's Consumption
flrmr." Kohl hv W "P nm
MANBEMED
3TOXfc
RHEUMATISM
5
Neuralgia, Sciatica. Lumbago.
Backache, Soreness of ihe Chest,
Gout, Quinsy, Sore Throat, Swell'
ings and Sprains, Burns and
Scalds, General Bodily
Pains,
Tooth, Ear and Headache, Frosted
Feet and Ears, and all other
Pains and Aches.
Ko Pre paration on urth equals Sr. Jacoss Oil
sj a safe, sure, simple and cheap External
Bemedjr. A trial enUIla bnt the ctwparatiTelj
trifling outlay of 50 Cents, and ercry one inffer
lug with pain can hivo cheap and pod tiro pjocf
of its claims.
Direction! in Eleven Xangcagcs.
BOLD BY AUDEUGGISTSAITO DEALERS
IX MEDIOnrE.
A. & CO.,
Baltimore, jOJ., XT. 8. A.
Vork is going ahead on the
filling, in Albina. There are at
present over 1,000 men employed
by the Terminal company on this
work alone. It is the aim of the
parties in charge to have the
temporary railroad shops com
pleted by the 1st of November,
and the works as far advanced as
possible when the golden spike
guests arrive.
cvi-OTnuc lie a nmcAscfi iwzn
I fill 1U1II Ul H LlTklli
I 'a In in the right Miii, under edge ot
ribs, increasing on pressure; sometimes
the pain is on the leftsido; the pntient is
rarely able to lie on tho left side; some
times the pain is felt under the shoulder
ami is sometimes taken for Rheumatism
in the arm. The stomach is affected with
loss of appetite and sickness ; the towels
in general arc costive, sometimes alter
nating with laxity; the head Is troubled
with pain. accompanied withndull.henvy
eusaiion in the back part. There is gener
ally:! considerable loss of memory, accom
panied wiiu a puiniiu sensation oi Having
left undone something which ought to
have lceu done. A slight, dry cough is
sometimes attendant. Tho patient com
plains of weariness and debility; lie is
easily startled ; Ills feet arc cold or burn
ing, and he complains of a prickly sensa
tion of the skin: his spirits are low. and.
although lieissittislied that exercise -would
lc bcncncinl to him, yet he can scarcely
summon up fortitude enough to try it.
If von have any or the above symptoms.
vou can certainly le cured by the use or
thf genuine 1H. C. McLAMi'S L1VE1C
1U.LS.
"When you buy 3IcLnnes I'llls, insist
on having MaLANKS CKL.K-
IIKATED MVIiUVIIXS, made by Flem
ing Itros., Pittsburgh, la.
If vou am not, set tne centime im.
C. MrLANK'S I.lVKIt PILI, send us
S.1 coots by mall, and we will send thorn
to you.
FLIDIISu HROS.j Pittsburgh, Ta.
J. HESS.
a. m. .ioiinso;;.
Astoria Sail Left.
MANUFACTURERS OF
SAILS, TENTS, AWNINGS.
TAEPAULI2IS,
And ewrythin; else lierlamin; to our
mismi'ss.
LowestPrice and Best Work
For your Money,
At the OH Stand.
Leave your orders and got your work
done at once.
J. II ESS & CO.
AMoria, - Oregon.
WBI. EDGAR,
Dealer in
Cigars, Tobacco and Cigarettes
Meerschaum and Brier Pipes,
GENUINE ENGLISH CUTLERY
Revolvers and Cartridges.
THE LATEST STYLES
WALL PAPER
AT
B. S. FRANKLIN'S,
NEXT DOOR TO ASTORIAN OFFICE.
A very large Stock from which to select.
"yindow curtains made to order.
y My patent Trimmer to cot Wall Paper
win oe iounu convenient to my patrons.
( "ELS AND RESTAURANTS.
PARKER HOUSE,
H, 16. PAKXEIt. Prop..
ASTORIA, - - - OREGON.
E. P. PARKER, - Manager and Agent.
Al CROSBY, - - Day Clerk
Phil. BOWERS. - - Sight Clerk.
Jas. DUFFY has the Bar and Billiard room.
-First Class in all Respects.
FREE COACH TO THE HOUSE.
IT IS A FACT
TIHT
JEFF'S CHOP H0UJS E
ON
Concomly Street is the Best in
Town.
-THAT
Sic has Alwnjs ou Hand FRESH
Shoal AVatcr Bay and East
ern Oystors.
THAT
"JEFF" IS THE BOSS CATERER.
THAT
He lia been Proprietor ef the "AHrora
Hotel" In KnnpptoH seven years.
OPEN DAY AND NIGHT.
COSMOPOLITAN
Chop House and Restaurant.
OPEN DAY AND NIGHT,
nioalx ." cciitH and upwards.
G. IIOUIiAltD,
MAI.V STUEirr.
Proprietor.
- ASTORIA.
S. J& 3& K E SU
OKA LRU TX
Hay, Oats, Straw.
Lime, Srick, Cement and Sand
Wooil Delivered to Order,
Draying, Teaming and Express Business.
Horses ana Carriages for Hire.
DKALF.K IX
WINES, LIQUORS AND CIGARS.
V RMT CIjASM
REAL ESTATE
37" O "JEL & A Jj JE1
CHAS. H. WILLIAMSON & CO.
-VTOW is THE TIME TO BUY A HOME
L before the llall Itoad comes.
AVe have lots for sale in all the additions
in McCI tire's lots, rangius from one hundred
and twenty-five dollars to four thousand
dollars.
In Shlvely's we have two lots 9 and 10 In
hlk IS that ;tre in a splendid location and
ensv of access, for Stoo.oo each ; also lot 5 In
blk .V., which is cradin?, for SGO0.0O.
In Adair's Astoria we have a number of
fine lots ou, or near the Koadway travelled
bv the stages, for sale at reasonable prices.
"In Alderhroolc we have thirteen (13) lota
which we will sell for $0.03 each, to those
who will improve.
We have also water front on the river lust
J below town ; also 100 acres on Young's Kiter
! Spiles for Sale.
In lots to suit purchasers, at market pricM
Ofllce on Gcnevelvo Street.
Maps of AstiirioTcotnplete. Scalo 400 feet
to an inch. Price. $10.00 each.
For sale bv
CHAS. II WILLIAMSON & CO,
5 .5-n
3Q UJ
w
NOTICE.
HORTHERH PACIFIC RAILROAD,
WESTERN DIVISIONS,
Oregon Railway & Navigation Co.
Oregon & California Railroad Co.
Granfl Ceiration at Portlani,
On September lOilt and lllli.
Account completion of tho Northern Pa
cine It. R,
Round Trip Tickets have been placed on
sale at an ticxci stations at 40 per cent, re
duction.
Tickets good from Sept. 8th to 13th, both
days inclusive.
JOHN HUia E.P.R0GER8 X.L.SIOKBB
lb "V. ikilcil;
Wholesale and retail dealer! In
MILL FEED.
Glass and Plated Ware,
TROPICAL AND DOMESTIC
FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.
Together with
) : EJ
tn Nrc; sca .
O 1 l 6
WineSjjLiquorsJobaccoXigars
WILLIAM HOWE
-DEALER Iff-
Doors, Windows, Blinds, Transoms, Lumber.
All kind of
OAK LUMBER,
OLASS,
Boat Material, Etc.
I Boats of all Kinds Made to Order.
-Orders from a distance promptly attended
S. AENDT & FERCHEN,
ASTORIA. - OREGON.
The Pioneer Machine Shop
BLACKSMITH
SHOP
AND
Boiler Shop
All kinds of
ENGINE, CANNERY,
A2TD
STEAMBOAT WORK
rromptly- attended to.
A specialty made of repairing
CANNERY DIES,
FOOT OF LAFAYETTE STREET..
ASTORIA IRON WORKS.
Bextox Stkkkt, Nkak Pakkkk Housk,
ASTORIA. - OREGON.
GEHERAL MACHINISTS AMD
BOILER MAKERS.
LANDaiiMAElEEMIHES
BoilerWork, Steamboat Work
and Cannery work a spe
cialty. o-SLsn?x:Kr3-js ,
Of all Descriptions made to Order
at Short Notice.
A. D. Wass, President.
J. (J. HusTiiF.it, Secretary,
I. W. Cask, Treasurer.
johx Fox.Superintcndent.
LOEB & CO.,
JOBBERS IN
WINES,
LIQUORS,
AND
CIGARS.
AGBSTS FOR THE
Best San Francisco Houses and
Eastern Distilleries.
Tumblers Decanters, and All
Kinds of Saloon Supplies.
E3"AU goods sold at San Francisco Prices.
MAIN STREET,
Opposite Parker House. Astoria, Oregon.
BUY THE BEST !
BARBOURS
Irish Flax
Salmon Net Threads
Woodberry, and Needle Brands,
SEINE TWINES.
AND
CORK All LEAD LINES,
Fish, Foands, Seines, and XetH
Imported, to Order. A.
Large StocM Mm, Mtim
AND FISH HOOKS.
CONSTANTLY ON HAND.
r HENRY DOYLE & CO.,
517 and 519, MARKET STREET
SAN FRANCISCO.
J5TAgents for the Pacific Coast
FOARD & STOEES,
WE HAVE OPENED AGAIN
Iu Hume's New Building,
And are Eeady to Supply
the Wants of Our
Customers.
A FULL STOCK
OF
Fresh Groceries.
AND
Bracket Work
A SPECIALTY.
to, and satisfaction guaranteed In all cases
BUSINESS CABDS.
Q IV. FTJITOX.
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
Rooms 5 and C. Odd Fellows Building.
NOTARY PUBLIC,
AUCTIONEER, COMMISSION AND IN
STJRANCE AGENT.
JAY TUTTXiE, 31. I.
PHYSICIAN AJS'D SURGEON
Offick Rooms 1, 2, and 3. Pythian Build
ing. Residfjce Over J. E. Thomas' Drag
Store.
QEIiO V. .PARKER.
SURVEYOR OF
Clatsop County, an d. City or Astoria
Ofllce : Chenamus street, Y. M. C. A. hall
Room No. 8.
P. IIICK.S,
PENTIST,
ASTORIA, - - OREGON
Rooms In Allen's building up stairs, corner
f Cass and Sqemocqhestret .
J Q-ABOWLBY,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
ChenamusSitreet, - - ASTORIA, OREGON
J J. JOXES,
STAIR BUILDER,
Ship and Steamboat Joiner,
JR. J. K. LaFORCE,
DENTIST,
Room U. Odd Fellows Building, Astoria, Or.
Gas administered for painless extraction
of teeth.
J. CURTIS,
ATTl' AT LAW.
Notarv Public. Commissioner of Deeds for
California, New-York and Washington Ter
ritory. Rooms 3 anil 4. Odd Fellows Building:, As
toria. Oregon.
2.C. Claims at Washinoton. D. C and
collections a specialty.
GKO. P. WJIEELKIJ. W. . BOBB.
WHEELER & ROBB.
GENERAL
REAL ESTATE, INSURANCE, AND
COLLECTION AGENTS.
Real Estate bought and sold on Commis
sion.
Accounts adjusted and Bills collected.
Correspondence from abroad solicited.
3r-0fllce in Hume's new buildincr. on Saue-
moqua street, next door to Foam & Stokes.
GENERAL STEAMSHIP AGENCY.
Bills of Exchange on any
Part ol Europe.
1AM AGENT FOR TIE FOLLOWING
well knovn,and commodious steamshlB
Ines,
STATE LINE, RED STAR,
WHITE STAR.
HAMBURG-AMERICAN,
DOMINION LINK.
NATIONAL, and AMERICAN LINE.
Frenald tickets to or from any European
port.
For full Information as to fates of fare.
sailing days, etc, apply to
J. W.UASK.
BOZORTH & JOHNS.
Real Estate and General Insurance
Agents.
ASTORIA, - Oregon.
WE WRITE POLICIES IN THE WEST
ern. State Investment. Hambunr. Bre
men and North German Fire Insurance Com
panies, anil represent tne Travellers' Life
and Accident of Hartford, and the New
York Life, of N. Y.
We have the only complete set of township
maps in the county, and have made arrange
ments to receive applications, filings, and
final proofs on Homesteads, Preemptions.
Timber Lands, etc. having all the official
DianKs inereior. uur maps can ae exam
ined in the. ofllce, upon the payment of a
reasnnabU fee.
We also nave for sale city property In As
toria and additions, and farms and tide land
property.
Rents, and other collections made, anil
loans negotiated.
BOZORTH & JOHNS,
Grace Church Parish School.
Rear of Church Building.
rruiis school will re-open mon-
JL day, September 3.1883. Tlio moral train
ing of the chUdren will be carefully watched,
and made a special point. In addition to
the ordinary course of study there will be
Instruction in the elements of Vocal 3Ih
hLc, Drawing; aud Calisthenics. If
found desirable or expedient, classes will b
formed In Higher Mathematics, Botany, As
tronomy, Advanced Music and Drawing,
for which light extra charges will be mad.
Terms ?2 a month, strictly in advance.
OFFICERS.
REV. IL D. WILSON, - - Reetor
MISS ANNIE W. CURTIS, - Principal
MISS M. C. TREN CHARD, - Assistant
For further particulars apply to
REV. if. D. WILSON.