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Astoria, Oregon, Sunday Morning, April 24, L881.
No. 97.
Vol. XIY.
SCIENTIFIC.
The Glacial Period, and Primitive
Man Before the Ioe Age.
TIIROKIKS OF TIIK MOST SINGU
LAR GEOLOGICAL CHANGES THE
OCEAN'S WORK IX TRANSFOKMA-TIOX.
Professor Denton gave the last
of his course of lectures on geolofjy
m Dashmvay hall, San Francisco,
last "Wednesday evening, on the
subject of the Glacial Period and
the Age of Man. This, he said, is
the strangest of all geologic ages.
It is marked by beds of sand,
gravel, clay and bowlders from the
size of a man's head to that of a
meeting-house. Whence came
they? Men once supposed that
they saw in them evidences of a
universal flood, the waters of which,
sweeping over the world, heaped
up these various beds and trans
ported the bowlders. Willi an in
creased knowledge it is impossible
to accept such a theory of their ori
gin. Drift beds are not found fur
ther south than about the latitude
of thirty-nine degrees, or the line of
Washington, Cincinnati, St. Louis
and Kansas city, except in high
mountain regions. There are none
in Tennessee, Alabama, Louisiana
and Texas. As we ro north the
bowlders irrow smaller until thev
cease entirely; it is the same as we
go west, and it is not until we go
as far south of the equator as we
find these beds noith of the equa
tor that we discover similar
deposits. An universal deluge
would make beds as universal, but
the fact that they are confined to
certain districts disproves the early
and common theory of their origin
An universal flood covering the
tops of all the mountains is a physi
cal impossibility. If all the mois
ture in our atmosphere, and on the
surface of our globe, were con
densed and spread over the earth,
it would not cover it three feet
deep. But, in fact, these beds
were not made by water at all.
The Ctuciul Bcd..
When wo discover the glacial beds
we find that the material of which
they arc composed has never been
sorted; we find fine sand and
coarse sand, small bowlders and
large ones piled indiscriminately
together. Water never does that;
it sorts the material that it lays
down. What has done it? The
answer is, ice. We can catch the
ice doing that vor- thing now.
Various theories to account for the
cold necessary to produce the
glaciers were stated, the Professor
inclining to the theory that there
' -was no access of cold to produce
the ice, but that it was circum
scribed then as it is how. His
suercrestion, thrown out for what it
was -worth, was that it was caused
by a change of the magnetic poles,
which arc now at Wrangel land
and Irkoubs, the coldest points on
the northern hemisphere. As you
go from the magnetic poles the
earth gets warmer. New, he be
lieved, that during the glacial
period the magnetic poles were
changed. The center of cold dur
ing the glacial time was about
twenty degrees south of the pres
ent pole on the western coast
of Greenland. What caused the
change he did not know, but ad
vanced the theory that it might
have been a great meteoric fall,
which, coming in one vast body,
crushed through the center of the
earth and caused an outbreak of
heat, which left the earth there so
much colder for this loss. The
discovery of the fossil of the mam
moth entire, the great hairy ele
phant, in the glacial beds shows
that some great and sudden access
t. of cold must haver occurred to
freeze and inclose, entire and re
tain in perfect form the form of
the mammoth.
Kim Before llir GInrlcr.
The discovery of other fossils,
the Irish deer, the primitive ox,
the two-horned rhinoceros, the cave
lion, cave tiger, cave hyena; and,
more important still, flint weapons
in the caves and the fossils of the
race of men who made the weapons,
was mentioned asJ confirmation of
the theory. They demonstrated
that man, a rude hunter, lived on
our planet when the ice period
-feegan. God is just as busy finish
ing it as at any time in its history.
Even the old world is being polled
down, the new world being built
up. On the tops of the moun
tains in California you can find
the fossils of oysters eighteen
inches long. You onoc had re
spectable oysters here if you
haven't now (laughter). In Santa.
Barbara you can see where, at a
comparatively recent period, the
ocean rolled over what is now the
tops of the mountains. The land
and water arc constantly changing
places. A man snid to me, after
a lecture in Wiscensin: "You
talk well, but I believe this world
was made just as it is.' "What!"
said J, -'cart ruts and all?" "Xo,"
he said, "not cart ruts. Wc knpw
how thev were ninde." Well, if
not cart nils, why suppose that
God made the river ruts in an in
stant and poured the waters into
them? The man who can believe
that is not superior to the pious
but not very intelligent preacher
who told his hearers he could see
the wonderful wisdom of God
manifested in making all the large
rivers run by large cities, (laugh
ter.) The Niagara fall was once
at Ouecnstown. Seven miles it
has cut its way back to where it is
now. The fall of the Mississippi,
now at Minneapolis was once at or
near the spot where Alton, Illinois,
now stands, the river having sawed
the cliff back 1000 miles to where
the Minnehaha fall is now.
Tlir OrranN WrK.
In the same way the ocean is
0111111)": away the land wherever it
rises to the waves perpendicularly.
At Cape May, from ISOfl to 1S11,
the ocean cut into the land at the
rate of eleven feet a year. The
Yorkshire oh lis in lMglanl are
crumbling and disappearing before
the German ocean, and the towns
of Auberon, Ilartburn and Hyde
have gone down in the hungry
waves of the encroaching sea.
They were formerly shown on the
maps of Yorkshire, but now there
is no trace of them. At Owthrone
the rocks are cut into at the rate
of twelve feet cveiy year. Ship-
den, Winipwell and Kcclcs, on the
Norfolk and Suffolk cliffs, have
disappeared just like the Yorkshire
towns. The isle of Sheppcy, com
posed of London clay, is going
very fast, and it is estimated that
in thirty years the German ocean
will have worn it all away. Yet
with all this destruction the land
surface of the globe is increasing
steadily. The action of the rivers
in carrying and dejciting sedi
ment on the bottom of the sea is
more than supplying the destruc
tion, l he .Mississippi is hihnjr up
the gulf of Mexico at the rate of
thirty-six square miles a year to a
depth of forty feet. Twenty thou
sand locomotives and trains run
ning day and night could not fill in
from the Allegiianies as fast as the
river is doing it. The Mississipi
has taken the job of filling in the
gulf of Mexico, and whether Spain
likes it or not Cuba will be annex
ed to the United States, and Uncle
Sam will add the gulf of Mexico
to his domains as a big farm. The
Amazon, Nile and other great
rivers are doing the same kind of
work at their deltas.
The :nir or .lle-xSro.
They are making new rocks and
filling them with new fossils just
as thev have been for millions of
years. The bottom mud becomes
rock, and some day mountains will
be upheaved in the Gulf of Mexi
co, and men will be quarrying
those rocks that are now forming
just as we do in the mountains to
day. The Professor jnive some
amusing conjectures as to the
probable perplexity of the scientist
of a remotely future period at the
fossils he is likely to discover of
the present race, and their imple
ments, apparel, etc. What, for
instance, would he think of a hoop
skirt, a Dutchman's pipe, or the
head of the human of to-day judged
by a fossil stove-pipe hat. He
closed by predicting a great,
glorious and prolonged future for
our planet and its highest form of
animal life man.
Mechanics' Institute.
Preliminary Announcement.
The board of managers, have
the honor to inform exhibi'ors and
the public generally, that the six
teenth industrial exhibition of the
Mechanics1 Institute of San Fran
cisco will open on Tuesday, Au
gust 2d, and, after continuing four
weeks and four days, will close on
Saturday, September 3, 1881. The
managers offer to exhibitors up
wards of 17o,000 square feet of
floor space,, where every article
useful, rare cr beautiful may be
advantageously displayed without
charge for space. Every facility
is given to exhibitors of machinery
to show the same in motion, and
steam power jnd water are furnish
ed free when required. The great
extension of railroads on the
Pacific coast, the vast develop
ment of the mining interests of
Arizona, and the agricultural re
sources of Oregon that have taken
place during the past two or three
years, have wonderfully increased
the dignity and importance of San
Francisco as the business centre
and metropolis of the Pacific
slope. As a consequcnoe of this,
the industrial fairs of the Mechan-
Institute give to exhibitors
unequalled oppoitunity of
ics
an
bringing their goods under the
notice, direct and personal of
the people of the entire coast.
Yisitors in search of amusement or
instruction will find an immense
variety of obiects of interest. In
the machinery department the
latest improvements in mining and
agricultural machinery may be
studied, the machines in running
order, and most of them in actual
operation. In the art gallery will
be hung the masterpieces of our
most celebrated California artists,
as well as specimens of the work
of eastern and European painters,
from the private galleries of our
citizens. This department has al
ways been exceedingly popular,
the gallery being a spacious, well
lighted apartment, specially adapt
ed to the display of pictures. In
the horticultural garden will be
collections of ferns and rare exotic
plants, tastefully arranged, with
choice collections of cut flowers
and flowers in pots. A special ef
fort will be made this year to
worthily exhibit the fruits and
wines of California. A fine band
of music will add to the enjoyment
of visitors every afternoon and
evening duriug the fair. Goods
arriving before the opening of the
exhibition will be stored free of
charge. Blank applications for
space, a copy of the rules and
regulations, and any other desired
information will be given on appli
cation to the secretary, J. n. Cul
ver, or the superintendent, J. H.
Gilmore, 27 Post street. By order
of the board of managers.
P. 11. Conxw.vi.i., President.
A Literary Revolution Challenge-
The old-line publishers have,
very naturally, not been well
pleased with the now famous
en rprise, The Literary Involu
tion; ami in depreciation of its
character have laid special stress
upon the claim that in cheapening
books so vastly it is against the
interests of American authors.
The Revolution boldly meets this
assertion by statements as follews:
1st. That they are already paying
to American authors more money
than any other publishing house
that is less than twenty-five ypars
established. 2d. That Ameri
can authors rarelv receive from
publishers a copyright exceeding
ten per cent, upon the retail price
of their books actually sold. 3d.
That at least one-half, and prob
ably more, nearly three-fourths of
the books published by American
authors have been published at
the authors expense, the publishers
furnishing no money, and paying
no copyright, but themselves re
ceiving: a large percentage upon
sales made. 4th. That they pro
pose hereafter to pay to American
authors for acceptable manuscripts
a copyright of fifteen per cent,
instead of ten per cent., and they
claim that their low prices, and
immense sales resulting therefrom,
arc far more in the interest of au
thors than much larger copyright
on the commonly limited number
of sales "one thousand books,
fcl 00 each 81,000. One million
books, profit one cent each 10,-
000." As an example of Ameri
can copyright book, they issue, in
an exceedingly handsome form,
the famous poetical, historical, and
satirical American classic, "M'Fin
gal, an Epic Poem," by John
Trumbull, with very full annota
tions by the celebrated historian
Benson J. Lossing, LL.D. This
poem is almost as much a part
of American history as the battle
of Bunker Hill itself, and Dr.
Lossing has greatly increased both
its interest and its instructive value
by his historical comments and
illustrations. This book was pub
lished a few years ago by one of
the old publishing houses at the
price of 2 00 per copy, and had
only a very limited sale. The
publishers claim that the reception
of their new edition guarantees a
sale of at least 0,600, or even
more probably 100,000 copies; and
Mr. Lossing will, of course, reap a
handsome reward, even from the
small royalty upon the low price.
American Book Exchange, publish
ers, New York city.
SAX FRANCISCO CLOTHING STORE.
iiiiiauiiitiuiiuituni3iiiiiiiuiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiuiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiEmi:
I THE NEWS!
llIl?fX:iIEllIIIlllIIIIt4121II33331IlIIIIlUUItlllUlIUUSUHHItlUIItHlUI
m
3
WELCOME TO ALL !
THE FISHING SEASON HAS OPENED AND SO HAS TEE POPULAR
SAN FRANCISCO
BUSINESS CARDS.
I Q. A. BOWLBY.
ATTORNEYAT LAW.
Chenamus Street. - ASTOKIA. OREGOh
ri IV. FULTOX.
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
ASTORIA - OREGON
Office over Page & Allen's store, Cass street
X W. JIOISB,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
ASTORIA .... OREGON
Office over Warren & Eaton's Astoria Mar
ket, opposite the Occident Ilotel.
E.c-
! CLOTHING STORE j
; Opened the largest and bct I
selected stock of :
...atf...
o
rj n i m m
HOLIKX.
NOTARY PUBLIC,
AUCTIONEER, COMMISSION AND
SURANCE AGENT.
IN.
A VAN DUSEN.
NOTARY PUBLIC.
Chenamus Street, near Occident Hotel,
ASTORIA, OREGON.
Agent Wells, Fargo & Co.
TCI P. HICKS.
PENTIST,
ASTORIA.
- OREGON.
Rooms in Allen's building up stairs, corur
of Cass and Sqemocqhe streets.
-AND-
Grenfs Furnishing Goods,
BOOTS AND SHOES,
TRUNKS AND tALISES, HATS AND CAPS,
"TK. tl. . JEXXXXttS,
rilYSICIAN AND SURGEON.
Graduate University of Virginia. us68
Physician to Bay View hosnltai. Baltimore
City.lSGa-TO.
office in rage Alien's minding, up
stairs, Astoria.
JAY TUTTI.E, M. 1.
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON
Okfick 0er the White ifouse Store.
Rksidknck Next door to Mrs. Munson'i
boarding house, Chenamus street, Astori
Oregon.
J.c
ORCHARD,
-AND THE BEST-
CARTER'S CAPE AKN"
Peruvian Hitter.
mm
Xotice to the Public.
1 lie poor, innominate young man
that lost his lei; last, summer in the
Fishcnnens cannery has now, with the
help of friends, started a small store,
where he keeps tobacco, cijjars, pipes,
cutler, etc He is unable to do hard
wo-k, :md must make out the best he
can. Give him a call, boys, he keeps
the best brands of tobacco and cigars.
Water street, opposite O. R. N.
Co.'s Dock.
Cinchona Rubra.
The Count Cinclinn was the Spanish
Viceroj in Peru in HEW. The Counters,
his wire, was protraktl by an intermit
tent fever, from hieh she was freed by
the use of thu native remedy, the Peru
vian bark. or. as it was called in the
language of the country, 'Quinquina.'
Grateful for her recovery on her return
to Kurojie in liEy, she introduced the
reiueuy m pnui, u here it was Known
under various names, until Juiuieus
called it Cinchona, in honor of the lady
who had bronchi them that which was
more precious than tliegohlof thelneas.
To this day. after a lajoe of two hun
dred and tifty cars. M'iPiiee has given
us nothing to take its place. It effect u
allv cures a morbid aiun'tite for stimu
lants, bv restoring the natural tone of
the stomach. It attacks excessive love
of liquor as it does a fever, and destroys
both alike. The powerful tonic virtue
of the Cinchona is preserved in the
Peruvian Hitters, which are as effective
against malarial fever to-day as they
were in the days of the old Spanish
Viceroxs. We guarantee the ingredi
ents of these bitters to be absolutely
pure, and of the wl known finality.
A trial will; ati:fyou that this i the
best bitter in the world. -The proof of
the pudding is in the eating," and we
willimlv abide this test. For sale by
all druggists, grocers and liquor dealer.
Order it.
Mother! Slather!! Tllothei- ! ! !
RUBBER BOOTS, ETC.,
WHICH WILL P.E S)C)LD AT SAN FRANCISCO "WHOLESALE PRICES.
REMEMBER THIS IS NO HUMBUG.
HAVING MADE ARRANGEMENTS IN NEW YORK AND SAN FRAN-
CISCO FOR THE PURCHASE OF ALL MY GOODS, MY
FACILITIES FOR BUYING ARE SUCn
AS TO ENABLE ME TO
Undersell all Others. I Defy Competition.
DENTIST,
Dental Hoobih.
SHUSTER'S
Photograph Building,
E& TTA
T A. McIXTOSII.
MERCHANT TAILOR,
Occident Hotel Building.
ASTORIA - - - OREGON
Q II. CAI 4$; CO.,
DEALER IX
Doors, Window, B1IbIh, Trsa
gems. Lumber, Etc
All kinds of Oak Lumber, Glass, Boat Ma
terial, etc.
Steam mill near Weston hotel. Cor. Gen
evlve and Astor streets.
J G. FAIKFOWL & SON,
STEVEDORES AfW RIGGERS
Portland and Astoria, Oregon.
Refer bv permission to Rogers.Meyer3.fc Co,
Allen Jc Lewis, Co rbittiMacleay,
Portland. Oregon.
Facts and Figures !
GREAT SURPRISE AT THE
a
Central Hotel.
Tito Central hotel, near the steam
ship flock is now open for the recep
tion of guests, whero the avoII known
caterer, jitr. Anton Heloh will always
be found ready to wait on Ins patrons.
He has had the above named house
thoroughly refitted by Messrs. Pike
and Stockton, our well known artists.
Call and see him. as he has the finest
brands of liquors and cigars to be had
in the city.
San Francisco Store ! I
y3f . IIHI.EXHART.
Occident Hotel Hair Dressing Saloon
ASTORIA - OKEGON.
Hot 'old. Shower,
Steam and Salplinr
BATHS.
3?"Specia! attention given to ladles' and
hildrea's hair cutting.
Private Kntranre forXadlei.
WIIIAM yitY.
PRACTICAL
BOOT AID SHOE
MAKER.
Chkxamus Strkkt, oppaslte Adler'sBooi
SIOtt - ASTOKIA, URKOOX.
T" Perfect fits guaranteed. All "work
warranted. Give me a trial. AH orders
promptly tilled.
Accommodation to Fishermen.
Friend fishermen. Get your
tables at ilax Wagnors.
tide
Go to M. C. Crosby's and get
your lunch buckets, water kegs, bail
ersj buoys and boat stoves.
The boat stoves made by M. C.
Crosby, with fire-brick bottoms, are
superior to all others in this market.
The Peruvian syrup lias cured thou
sands who were suffering from dyspep
sia, debility, liver complaint, boils, hu
mors female complaints, etc Pamph
lets free to any address. Seth W. Fowle
& Sons. Boston.
The most beneficial discovery of the
century to man is Amnions Cough
Syrup. A wealthy gentleman, who
claims that it entirely cured him of in
cipient consumption, offered 5.000 for
the formula and the right to manufac
ture and sell to the world, which was re
fused. The Remedy stands upon its
own merits. A 15-cent sample bottle
will convince the most skeptical of Ha
virtues. Try it. It may save your life.
All respectable druggists keep It, at 15
Utso0cts.,Sl.
Are vou disturbed at night and broken
of vour rest by a sick child suffering
and crving with the excruciating pain
of cutting teeth ? I f so, go at once ami
get a bottle of Mrs. ins!ows Soothing
Syrup, it will relieve the poor littlo suf
ferer immediately depend upon it;
there is no mistake about it. There is
not a mother tut earth who has ever
used it, who will not tHl you at once
that it will regulate the bowels, and
give rest to the mother, and relief and
health to the child. operating like magic.
It is perfect I v Mife. to' use in all cases.
and pleasant to the ta.tc, and is the pre-
criHiuu m tine oi mi oiur.M ami not
female plivsician and nurses in the.
United State. SoM everywhere. 'Si
eeutsa bottle.
amuskukxts.
Hill's Vakiktiks.
Geo. Hill, proprietor and manager,
Fred Gere, stage manager, A. Ostrander,
leader of orchestra. Geo. Lambert, leader
of brass band. New first part with
Nickerson and Cook as the funny men,
and Gere interlocutor. A hub act en
titled "Our new Doorkeeper' by the full
company, also an act called the "Jeal
ous Pair.' An entirely new oliocom
Jo5cd of songs and dances, jig and clog
lances, Dutch, Irish and Negro excen
tricitics. Mr. Hill is making active pre
parations for more amusements with
which to please those of the public who
are fond of popular amusements. New
nrpliratrcil sitptiiiii8 hv our pflic.innt
orchestra, and new music by our excel
lent brass hand on the grand stand at
precisely r. m. Lurtain rises at ex
actly 8 im. Entrance on Kenton street;
entrance to private boxes, on L henamus
street.
HERE ARE PRICES OF HOODS THAT WILL SURPRISE ALL.
CLOTHING DEPARTMENT.
MENS AND BOYS
CAS1MEKE SUITS FIIOM
EXTIIA BEST SUITS "
FINE BLACK SUITS '
DIAGONAL Sl'ITS '
CASIMEIIE PANTS
EXTRA BEST PANTS "
BOYS SUITS. ALL SOHTS, FROM.
S 8 00 TO J3 00
, 12 00 " 20 00
IS 00 . " 25 00
15 00 " 22 00
2 50 " 4 00
4 00 " 5 50
6 00 12 00
.HfHt
W. L. JI'CABE,
Astoria.
.V A. BROWN
Portland.
lSROIVX & IMrCAJSE,
STEVEDORES AND RIGGERS.
Astoria officeAt . C. Ilolden's Auction
store. Portland office 24 B street. 13-tI
FURNISHING GOODS.
OVERALLS FROM 60 CT.- TO SI 00
JUMPERS 4l 60
ALL WOOL SOCKS 20
CHECKER SOCKS. SIX PAIR FOR
COTTON SOCKS, THREE PAIR FOR
WHITE SHIRTS FROM 90
COLORED " -4 73
CASIMERE" " SI 50
FLANNEL - 1 00
BLUE NAVY 2 00
FLANNEL UNDERSHIRTS AND DRAWERS FROM 1 25
COTTON FLANNE L SHIRTS AND DRAWERS 60
MARINO SHIRTS AND DRAWERS 50
I 00
25
I 00
25
1 75
I 50
3 00
1 75
2 50
2 25
Music Lessons.
T. F. CULLEN and C E. BARNES
TEACHERS OF
VIOLIN, PIANO, GUITAR, COR
NET AND I3ANJO,
Would like a few pupils on either of the
iibove instruments.
Terms Eight lessons for five dollars.
S3r-Orders left at Stevens & Sons book
store will be promptly attended to.
To-Night. To-Night.
GRAND BALL,
AT MUSIC HALL,
THIS EVENING.
OIL CLOTHING.
LONG OIL COATS FROM S3 50
OIL JUMPERS u 2 73
TO
1 50
3 00
BOOTS AND SHOES.
MENS CALF BOOTS FROM
MENS KIP BOOTS -
ELASTIC GxVITERS "
BUCKLE SHOES -
MENS SLIPPERS
BOYS BOOTS -
S3 00 TO 4 50
, 2 75 " 4 00
, 1 75 u 2 50
2 25 ' 3 'Jo
, 50 " 1 00
1 25 ' 1 75
Ice errant at Hoscoes oyster and
refreshment saloon on Main street.
P. J. Goodman, on Chenamus
street, has just received the latest and
most fashionable style of gents and
ladies "boots, shoes, etc.
I HAVE T1HS SPRING STRAINED EVERY NERVE AND USED MY
ENTIRE ENERGY AND BEST JUDGMENT IN PLACING IN OUR AS
TORIA HOUSE THE LARGEST AND MOST COMPLETE ASSORTMENT
OF THE ABOVE LINE OF GOODS.
CALL AND INSPECT FOR YOURSELF. YOU ARE WELCOME.
I WILL GLADLY SHOW M.Y GOODS, NO MATTER WHETHER YOU
BUY' OR NOT. N E V GOODS BY EVERY STEAMER.
S. DANZIGER.
San Francisco Store. Squeraocqhe street, next door to Page & Allen's stow, north of
AYalli-walla Kejtaurant. Astoria Oregon.
iEsm .a.. qtjx:n":n'
dealer in
FA3IIXY GROCERIES,
NArLS, Mirx. FEE1 AND HAY
Cash paid for country produce. Small
profits on cash sales. Astona, Oregon, cor
ner of Malu and Squemocuhe streets.
OPILES.
The undersigned is prepared to furnish
a large number of Spiles and Spars at his
place on short notice, at reasonable rates.
Apply to C.G.CAP.LES,
Columbia City
I. "W. CASE,
IlIPORTElt AND WHOLESALE AND RE
TAIL DEALEK IN
GENERAL MERCHAMSE
Corner Chenamus and Cass streets.
ASTORIA - - - OREGON.
Wm. Houseman of Portland
BEGS LEAVE TO NOTIFY HIS friends
and customers that he has opened
A 'FISHERMAN'S CLOTHING
AND FURNISHING GOODS STORE
Next to G. W. Hume's grocery store.
F. HOUSEMAN, Agent