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ASTOBIA. OfiEGON:
. C. IRELAND Editor.
TUESDAY i... .January 7, 1879
Gloom in Great Britaix.
Gloomy are the dispatches received
TTrom Great Britain. There is terrible
want and destitution in Scotland and
England. In Sheffield 5000 people
received aid; in Glasgow the streets
are said to be swarming -with destitute
i people; at -Manchester, Liverpool,
Bristol and other cities there is keen
suffering among the poor, and it must
'be evident n'dV that t Actual "famine
be not threatened, as it cannot be,
because fbtfd' is plenty, an amount of
destitution is sure to prevail during
the winter and spring months, which
"will severely try the temper of the
poorer classes and severely tax the
generosity of the wealthier and charita
ble. According to all appearances it
"will be worse than the memorable
"cotton-famine" which shortly after
1 the civiFVar in thisccWintry, re'duced
such a large proportion of the working
population of Lancashire to a state of
pauperism, 'ttio "attention, of the
&overnmefnt lias already been directed
to the matter, without practical effect
o far, because it was asserted by
several members of prirliment, that the
bad condition of affairs had been great
ly exaggerated. This is not in har
mony with "reports from the centers of
' manufacturing industry, published in
our dispatches to-day and seems -treating
a most urgent and important mat-
ter very lightly.
-3aii and Telegraph Advices per,
Stccmkiip Gre'go'n.
By the steamship Oregon yes
terday We received advices by
mail to the 4th, from San Francisco
: and all points east, from which we
' clip 'the follewing:
Pretty Imi'ch the same condition
4 of things 'existed at Chicago, Buf
falo, Philadelphia, Detroit. Airjany,
frets
Thnrman is going to Ohio soon,
to make a speech, whereiiThe will
decline the nomination for the
governorship and anndunce him
self as a hard-money rrian.
-The James river closed at Ricli-
moiid, Va., on tlie 3d, and at mid
night the thermometer stood at S
degrees above zero at that place;
20 degrees below at Pittsburg; 26
1 degrees below at Yankton; 38 be
low at Bismarck; 29 below at St.
Paul; 35 at Fort Riley; GO atBat-
'tlefdrd," an6T20 at Omaha.
A "WaShirigtdn. 'dispatch of the
"Ithsays: 'It'is Understood that
there is a -division of senti-
'ine'nt in the cabinet ,;upon the
Chinese question, some of the
members favoring a modification,
by which the number of immi
grants from China may be limited.
Jt is known that the Chinese
government will resist any offer to
modify the treaty, but will - not
formally object to its abrogation,
should the Uniterd States 'insist
uoon that 'ddiirse.
"Westerly storlns cdntiriUe at
Jfcw York with Unabated fofce on
the 3d, and after 3:50 p. m. no
1 boat left the slip for 'Jersey city,
. and for the first time in twenty
1 yftars the ticket-seller -'stopped his
-sales in-consequence of the stdp
page of tile boats. : Between 4:30
.and 6:30'r. -m. theM'i2rjfproabhes to
5 the ferry Vofe" crowded -with pas
sengers or Jersey city, and it was
I'diffidtilt to tnake them believe there
--tfas -no bdats. By arrangement,
V their pasSdngers Vere carried to
and from Jersey city bjhe "boats
of the Desbrosses street ferry.
These latter were delayed so that it
took forty "Minutes to make the
' trip, ''he boats of Barclay street
line also made long and irregular
trips. At Christopher street feny
tefchere was -some trouble, -)ut the
Chambers street line ran with con
siderable regularity.
$he resignation, by Charles
Francis Adams, jr., of his position
a3 government director of the
Union Pacific railroad company,
"was submitted to the president and
cabinet on Saturday. The seasons
assigned by Adams for this steps
are fully set forth in his communi
cation, which was read and filed.
Mr. Adams thinks it hardly right
or proper that a government direc
tor of the company, who is expec
ted to act as a sort of censor upon
it, should be dependent upon the
company for his salary and for hos
pitalities. This is a matter which
is regulated by law. and the gov
ernment directors, of course, have
no control over it. It is easy to
see that the position of an officer
who desires to do his duty impar
tially under such circumstances
cahrtbt be pleasant. Adams also
thinks the directors of the railroad
do not have as much power as they
ought to exercise, and that the af
fairs of the company are managed
by the executive committee, Or by
other branches of internal organi
zation, without the intervention, in
many cases, of the directors. This
is also a criticism of the law, and
not of the officers of the company.
Finally, Adams thinks the compen
sation of government director is
not strfficieiit-tc4 enable him to give
that-amYjuiit of 5time and labor to
his duties which their importance
demands. The salary is 10 per
d&y, for about sixty days in the
year.
Pailure of Olyphant & Co.
The New York Bulletin, speak
ing of the failure of the firm of
Olyphant & Co., "a long-established
mercantile house, whose firm name
had grown to be a synonym for in
tegrity, whose reputation 'had been
world-wide) "whose palTiotisiB, loy-
altyr&Jfcp&ftsp
evoked 'feelings of personal pride
from every one who had occasion
'to'tfA'vel in ftireign parts; "whose
wealth was supposed to be sub
stantial, and whose credit was sup
posed to be the best," says:
It was developed yesterday in
mercantile 'circles that the failure
of Olyphant & Co., in the China
trade, was mainly due, and direct
lv attributed to their jnxiat con
tract entered into this last .year for
the delivery of Chinese 'coolies to
the government of Peru. It is not
unlikely that sdme emljarrassment
'arose irofn a'dvtfrices tnade upon
nitre, of which they have imported
largely under their contract of last
summer, 'by 'which Olvphant & Co.
"became sole agents of1 Peru for the
nitre trade of the United States.
The gunpowder manufacturers
have relied upon this firm almost
wholly for their nitre supplies.
But the nitre business aside, the
Kact remains, according to report,
that the firm were oflered abund
ant assistance provided the could
rid themselves of their coolie bur
den. 'In regard to all these mat
ters, the assignee, Henry M. Olm
stdd, declined to say aithing, his
ffeply to all com6rs being that he
assumed his 'flew kiuties only on
Saturday, arid that it was impossi
ble in so short' a tiMe1 to 'learn the
real situation. Among other firms
hf the trade the 'belief is expressed
that large atrtdinits are involved,
the local liabilities, of which some
'mention is made, being in compari
son a mere "bagatelle. A lew
speak of the firm's misfortune as
a case of "rusting out," their New
irork and China trade having vir
tually ceased, owing to -new 'meth
ods of conducting business, etc.;
'But it is obvious that heavvs!ims
wave been expended in fitting out
steamers for transportatirfe' coolies
rote-Qhinese ports to J?ea; also
in 'cbllebtte ' -emigrants, opening
fagericies, nintt-'making other ar
rangements essential to success in
their grand undertaking. "What
may be called "the great coolie
speculation" can be explained in a
few words. The so-called coolie
treaty between China and Peru
was coneludecUin: June, 1S4, B.y
its terms, "the subjects of either
contracting party may go freelj
from one country to the other for
the purpose of curiosity, trade,
labor, or as permanent residents,"
and they "join in reprobating any
other than an entirely voluntary
emigration for such purposes, and
every act of violence or fraud that
may be employed in Macao or the
ports of China '"to 'carry away
chinese subjects." The emigration
was to be conducted precisely like
that of Galifonlia or Australia, the
inducement being the certainty of
remunerative employment on reach
ing Peru. A certain number of
Chinese were to have free trans
portation when wishing "to return,
and communication, between the
two countries being regular, they
would en joy great advantages. It
was represented that a considera
ble proportion of the planters in
Peru were Americans, Germans,
and English, by whom laborers
were sure to' be well treated. Thus
far, all well. To execute practi
cal y the designs of the treaty, the
Peruvian government subsidized a
Belgian line of steamers, and Oly
phant -& Co., of Hongkong took
the agency for transporting emi
grants. The contract was between
the firm and Dr. Elmore, the Pe
ruvian minister to "China. The
first steamer dispatched was the
Peruvia, which Olvphant & Co.
chartered and fitted up at consid
erable expense to carry -1,000
coolies. Meanwhile the Chinese
authorities had become hostile to
the movement, and the steamer
made the trip to Callao in ballast.
Lifter in the season, in July last,
this steamer rrraGe a second trip,
sailing from "Whampo, likewise in
ballast, the mandarins in Canton
refusing to allow the coolies to be
exported; and in this action they
were sustained by Governor Hen
nessy, of Hongkong, who would
not "give a certificate authorizing
the steamer to take coolies on
board. In this dilemma Olyphant
& Co. referred the whole matter to
the American minister at Peking,
lioping for assistance, but to no
purpose. From the foregoing it
does not appear strange that dis
aster came at last; 'an'd it is possi
ble further embarassments arose
under the (contract eivinsr Olyphant
puris lu me uiuieu oiuitrs, iui lug
company having expended largely
'in the coolie business, the "nitre
was regarded in the light of se
'curity for advances Hlade. It is
thought that the Peruvian govern
ment may be-indebted to the firm
on this account. 'Of the old-established
American 'firms in China of
more than 'twenty years standing,
viz.: Bulk, Purdon & Go., Russell
& Co., Olyphant -& Co. , Frazer &
'Co., and Augustine, fieald & Co.,
only two, Russell & Co. arid Frazer
"3c Co.f are Remaining to-day.
The founder of "Wells, Fargo
& Co.'s express, Henry "Wells, died
at Glasgow, Scotland on Thursday.
theOtOth ult., at the advanced age
of se vent'-two. -He 'was a-native
of Thetfotd,1Vermont, "and a tan
ner aifil currier by trade. In 1834
he became asrent of 'the American
Transportation company, with his
office atew tork city and sub
sequently at Boston. After vari
ous connections with the. express
business, then growing in impor
tance, he branched out for himself
in lSdO as a partner of the firm
of Pomeroy & Co., operating
between Albany and Buffalo.
This firm gradually expanded into
that of "W ells, ButteFfield .'& Co.,
and'from-'it originated 'the widely
known Pacific coast firm or "Wells,
Fargo & Co. The deceased ac
quired great wealth, and enjoyed
a stainless reputation.
iThe people-6f' Idaho and Boise
Valley are 'in -high glee with an
ticipation of an early visit by the
5r6n horse 'by "way of ShcUtah and
NoTiherrfrailrdacL
NEW ADVltlS'EMENTS.
CHARCOAL! HAMli!
THE UNDERSIGNED. WELL KNOWN
to the Columbia river cannerymen, wishes
to say that he is now prepared to deliver
promptly, to order within 14 days, charcoals
or the best quality in quantities from 500 to
2.).000 bushels at the lowest living rates, to
any point on the river between Rainier and
Astoria. TKTER JOHN.
-tj-17 ' ((tettilamct, W. R
BANKING AND INSURANCE.
T W CASE,
ASTORIA, OREGON. '
BROKER AND BANKER. ,
DEPOSITS RECEIVED IN COIN OK cur
rency subject to check at sight.
BS-SiRht checks issued on Portland .availa
ble in any part of Oregon and Washington
territory.
fiSTSfght checks issued on San Francisco,
available in ahy part -of the State of Cali
fornia. fisrSicht checks issued on New York city,
available in any part of the Eastern States.
nronnitivab16 seclirlty- CoIlc"ctlns mdel
- r-- i i i.m.. .i:..n.infn.l T n'inc nitiln
$67,000,000 CAPITAL,
LIVERPOOL AND LONDON AND
GLOBE,
NORTH BRITISH AND MERCAN
TILE OF LONDON AND
EDINBURGH.
OLD CONNECTICUT OF HART
FORD, -AND
COMMERCIAL OF CALIFORNIA
FIRE INSURANCE COMPANIES.
Ropresentins a capitnl of Sfi7.000,000.
A. VAX BUSEX. Agent.
Home -Mutual Insurance Co.,
OF CALIFORNIA,
J. F. Horjr.iiTOX-...v. ...President
Chas. R. Story hecretary
IiAM'iivroN Boyd, r
Geo. L. Story, j"
..Agents for Oregon
Office Northeast corner of Stark and First
streets, Portland, Okegox.
Net Cash received for Fire Prem
iums in 1S77 $335,511 04
Assets, Jan. 1.187S S5TS,t5G5 83
Liabilities
Losses vniKiid S3.fi3S 37
dividends " 1.007 00 'SJffi 37
Surplus for Prone-tv Holders S.7T2.470 47
Losses paid in Oregon iti'sfx Vears$114,91G 72
I. W. C 1SE, Acent.
3-Sfitf Astoria. Oregon.
'Special Holiday Notice !
BY
E. S. LARSEN,
Wholesale and Retail Grocer.
I will sell for cash for the"next two weaks
any article in my line at
GREATLY REDUCED PK1CES.
Tlds I propose to do in order to give every
body a chance fo celebrate tln'iitm:is'and
New Year fur very little money.
My stock of ?QROCERlfS is comPletc
Fresh iind desirable, and not excelled by any
house in the state for
PRICES, tUA'LITY OR QUANTITY.
The largest and most complete stock of
CHQCggnX, GLASS,
and YELLOW WARE,
A choice assortment of
China tea sets,
mottoe and
mustache cups.
REAL B0HEMA1S" VASES,
And a complete'stock of.
PLATED WARE,
Latest designs and best make in the couptry.
JUST ItECEIVlK
EGG JUMBLES,
COCONUT CAKE,
-PLAIN AND
PS2TGY rCAKDlES
cAlso a great reduction in
"'Ctift'FEES AND SUGAR.
Also, a great variety ol
WOOD AND WILLOW WARE.
'All of which I will respectfully offer for your
inspeciiuu ami purunase. a ours iruiy
E. S. LAKSEX,
Astoria, Oregon. Dec. 17. 1878.
CITY BOOK STOKE,
MAIN ST.. ASTORIA.
CIIAS. STCVJEiffS & SOX
Invite the attention of purchasers K;o thoir
stock, just laid in
POR THE HOLIDAYADE.
The Finest Selection !
The Cheapest Prices !
The Greatest Worth!
RECEPTION POCKETS;
LADIES' DIARIES AND PURSES
COMBINED:
C(MB AND BRUSH POCKETS
CUTLERY, JEWELRY, CHARMS,
J&HJ., jvjlu.;
GOODS;
EXCELSIOR DIARIES, BLANK
BOOKS, STATIONERY, ETC.
jes-All goods sold at lowest cashjWco3
CIIAS. STEVENS & ST.
City Rook Store -to Main strcot, two dooYs
from thelMoneerRtJstAlhiSSit.'oiyausite the
bakery of Mrs. C. Binder,
OELAEr,ES Heicborn,
MANUFACTURER OF
And Dealer in
FURNlTURkand BEDDING.
ALSO IMPORTER OF
CARPETS, IL 6LOTHS, "WALL
TPAPER, SHADES, etc.
E"A11 kinds of repairing promptly at
tended to. "and furniture made to onim-
-A full Una of picture mouldings and
TtdiiiA nrorVTj 'nrinrtnTir omitiM.
n-Full stock and lowest prices.' corner of
aetnoc(ina-andiratl"sWc,xAiKJfl.
LADIES' FANCY BOARD, ETC.
GOLD PENS AND PENCILS; '
PA1NTPENCILS, GUTTAPERCHA
MISCELLANEOUS.
Washington ."Market,
Main Street, Astoria Oregon,
BEJIGMA2T & BEBIt
TESPECTFULLY CALL THE ATTEN-
JLl t;on of the public to tho fadt at thb
above Market will always bo supplied with a
FULL VARIETY BEST QUALITY
OF-
wRi.ESiKIi.A,Y? ?JRED MEATS!
Which will bo sold at lowefrnes,wholefalo
and retail. Special attention given to suftiiy
nz shins.
D. K. Warrex.
C. A. McGuteE
Astoria Market !
Corner of Chenamus and Cass streets.
ASTORIA. OltEGOX.
BARREN & McGUlRE, Propriotor
I o weeesot n uvvson a; warren.
Wholcsalo and Retail Dealers in all Kinds o
Frfcdh and Cured tfteatd!
A full line of Family Groceries,
CAXXED FRUIT, VEGETABLES, ETC.
KS Butter, Eggs, Cheese, etc. constantly
on hand.
2" Ships supplied at the lowest rates.
IT IS A POSITIVE TRUTH
That housekeepers can do better by dealm"
with J. K. WIKT, on Main street, as
he keeps Hie best of
FRUITS, CADDIES, !NTJTS.
LIQUOES AND CIGA2SS,
SMOKED SALMOM,
COLOGNE SAUSAGE,
uEKED ELK ME'AT,
And also from Clatsop every other day
FRESH BUTTER, EGGS,CHEESE,
CLAMS, DUCKS, CHICKENS,
. And even-thing that is needed in the cook
ing line at the lowest living prices.
Call and examine before purchasing else
"herc. J. j. ivrktT.
Arndt & Ferchen,
rruiE BEST
.Sl
BLACKSMITH
AD
Machine Shop
In the city.
All kinds'
Enjjine, Cannery and Stenmboat
'Work promptly attended to.
'GEORGE MACLEAN,
BLACKSMITH.
Water Street Roadway,
"Kear Hume's Cannery, Astoria, Oregdn.
Horseshoeing vHE ant a hida
of Blacksmith jSjkpjl ing done to or
der. Satisfact &&$f n (."nrantced
ALL SHIP AND ENGINE WORK A
SPECIALTY.
E.
S. 'MERE3LL & ea,
Blacksmiths and Machinists,
CaptROGEItS' OLD STAND Near Express
Office, AST01UA, - OREGON.
All trork in our lino, heavy or lurht, done with
uoa4ncxa and dispatch.
Horseshoeing, Wag
''on and' Farm
WORK A SPECIALTY.
i'TTAVING SECURED THE SERVICES' OF
il Mr. S. A. Gaines of Ky.. an oiporienced
Farrier of 2j years in tho business, ana Ken
knovn to Astoria horsemen, wo aro proparcd to
do.'hueliig in u manner to euro lamonoss or pre
vent it in horses entrusted to our care.
tfuJ"All work warranted and at reasonable
rates.
'A GIRL TvaN1ED -To do gOneral hotbe
JjL work In a small family.
Address: P.O.UOX73,
1-tf Astoria, Oregon.
OPILES.
The tindorsipnoilis D'onared to farni?h
a largo number of Spiles and Spars at thw
place on short notice, at nasonablo rates,
Aonly to G.G.CAPI.ES.
Columbia City.
Astoria Steam Laundry.
J. T. BORCIIERS Proprielor.
AstDrin. Oregon.
N6 rulibine: or scrubbing, and no thms"hiHE:
ktiurelbtlres ttio pieces. Buttons sewed on
anu cioines inenueu. n
i3?Neat work at reasonable prices. Givo
us a call.
T. S. JEWBTT.
B. S. KIMBALL.
Braying '& Trucking.
ASTORIA TRU(3K & DRAY CO.,
Squeiucuqiiu at., between Cass and Main,
Contracts for -urayiupmade and ?atisfaction
cniriintflod. Ordors left 'at tho Occident ilo-
fter or reoeirod by mail pi-tfmptly filled.
JEWETTJt KIMBALL.
(IK THB A8TOBIAN BUILDIXO)
HAS JTTST RECEIVED A XOT OF XET
goods, consisting of
-LIEN'S AKO 1WYS
CAI.F AND KIP BOOTS,
Bufekle'ancl'tOngress Waiters,
Women, Misses and Children'
BiXTTIOWr BOOT8,
"Which will be sold at the very lowest price.
"PAY THE
4yL -foriyponsl?
AY THE PRINTER PROMPTLY
'apsr. Hli4-y9etfoMll.
.-i
iT. t
mri