Cz.2
Tri-Weekly Astorian
ASTOPJA, OREGON:
Z. C. IRELAXB Editor.
ASTORIA.
.Jan. 10, 1S74
A Word for Eastern Oregon.
IMPltOYEMEXT 0?" THE COLUMBIA
AT THE CASCAlfe AND DALLES-A
MATTER OF PUBLIC IMPORTANCE.
"We have already shown, in form
er articles though the Astokiax, the
utter impossibility of successfully
dredging and keeping open the hogs
hack above this city in the Columbia
river. It has also been shown that
the annual removal of deposits- from
the mouth of the "Wallamet river is a
nisless waste of money, because the
.-river cannot be opened without ex
traordinary meanSjSO as to be made a
:th rough route for deep sea vessels.
It has also been shown that there ex--isfs
a great and urgent need for a
'proper improvement of the "Wallamet
river for steamboat navigation above
'Portland and on the Columbia river
ait the Cascade and Dalles.
"With the view of obtaining an ap
propriation for the purpose of survey
ing and estimating this work, Sena--tor
3Jitchell introduced a bill in Con
gress early the present session.
'XI) ere is no part of the entire Pacific
Coast more deserving National aid,
than Eastern Oregon; there is not a
locality in the broad United States
more sadly neglected. That division
gave to the State its "first start" on
the high road to prosperity in the
decade from 3 SGO to 1870, by pour
ing its wealth of treasure into the
hands of the valley farmers,and Port
land merchants, when there was no
-other outlet; none to buy of us. It
was Eastern Oregon that built the
Oregon Steam Navigation Company,
making a giant concern of the few
little boats that then traversed the
.stream with nothing to do but carry
government supplies to the forts in
terior, ttut what has Eastern Ore
gon got for all this? what has that di
vision to show as a return for the
gold and silver lent to this division
in the time of our most pressing want?
.Literaly nothing! She is possessed of
thousands of broad, level and fertile
plains, capable of almost unlimited
development, but she is tied up for
want of communication for the
want of an open way to the sea, yet
Ave hope the day may speedily come
when bhe will have one.
Isaac W. Smith, an efficient civil
-engineer in the Corps of "Washington
Territory, communicates the follow
ing to the Mountaineer, on the sub
ject of this very much desired im im
peovement: 1 have delayed writing concerning the
practicability of a canal and locks at the
Cascades and Dalles, in order to obtain
definite information concerning the rUe of
the water and the nature of the foundation-
at the Ca.cade, and I find the diffi-
cultie- to he overcome greater than I had
Mippo-ed. At the Cascades the fall, from
low water above to low water below, is
about thirty feet, but in order to estimate
the Jail, to pa? boat through atalUtage&,
the full must be estimated from high water
above to low water below making over
eighty feet in all. The principal difficul
ty will be in conducting the upper lock,
ho a- to pass boats through at high and
1 dw water. The rise being forty-live feet,
the gate, if only one lock is Used, would
he over fifty feet high, and as the width
avould be over forty feet, the pressure
would be very great. It might be possi
ble to have two sets of entrance locks, one
lor low and one high water. Another
-difficulty is the shitting nature of the
loundations. On both sides of the river
the mountain is slowly sliding into the
river. On the Oregon side, the motion is
very perceptible, having, during the past
ten years, thrown the trestle work of the
old railroad line much out of line. 3Ir.
Urazee inform me that the same is the
case on the Washington Territory side,
but to a less extent. Itis possible, how-
over, that on that side the motion exUfc
only at points, and space enough migh- be
found to build the locks. The motion is
m slow that it would not injure the canal.
It might be advisable to build the locks of
wood, which, would cost less, but would
not, of coaise, last so long, such lock
would not, however, be affected o much
by the sliding of the foundation. The
length of the canal would be about six
miles, and the practical fall about eighty
feet. At the Dalles the rise of water at
Ceulo is not much over twontv-five feet,
and the foundations all -of olid rock.
Jiut at the Cascades and Dalles, boats
have been passed through at high .water,
(the Shoshone, over the Cascades this
bumm rL .Below Celilo the water being
compressed into a very narrow channel,
the rise is very great, u'ndience it would
be i.ece-ary. to make the entrance lock
neat Celilo,, t ,
, -The total length of tho canal :arid locks
H3Z3
at the Dalles would be about fifteen miles,
and the fall about the same as at the Cas
cades. It is impossible without a careful
survey to make any estimate of the cost,
or to decide as to the practicability of the
work. The canal and Locks at Oregon
City, on the "Wallamet, cost in all a little
under $300,000. There are in that work
five locks of masonry, or cut into the solid
rock, the total fall from low to high wa
ter 40 feet, and the rise above on the high
est boating stage about 12 feet, although
the water in the flood of 1801 and lSb'2,
rose over twenty feet. The length of the
canal is not more than half a mile. Tho
locks are each 210 leet long by 40 feet
wide. At the Cascades and Dalles, there
will be required at least eight locks in each
and about twenty miles of canal in all,
and I should not think it safe to put the
cost at both yjlaces under 3,000,000. A
survey might however, show the cot less
than I have stnted. "The construction of
the canal at the Cascades would not be
costly, being generally in earth and
through loo-e rock, but at the Dalles, the
cutting would be in solid rock. The con
ptraction of locks would doubtless render
transportation cheaper than by any other
method, although fiiccht is brouirht down
at low rates over the portages. The por
tages are however the property of the O.
S. jS Company, which constructed them,
and the whole commerce i controlled by
one company. The difficulties of con
structing a railroad down are very great,
and the cot so cnormou-, that it may be
many years before it is attempted. The
disadvantage of the water communication
is the closing of the river by ice. A corn
par tively small i-um expended on the
portages, and in improving the Columbia
river, would much facilitate the passage
of freight, if the portages were thrown
open to all atr moderate rates. A half
million of dollars expended on the river
and postages, would render transportation
almost as cheap as by canal .and locks,
provided the portages were thrown open
to all at moderate rates; but as the com
pany which now holds them, can control
the commerce of the river, it is not likery
that they would sll unless at a very high
rate. It would be possible to make a
portage on the Washington Territory side
of the Dalles, and on the Oregon side at
the Cascades. To determine the relative
advantages of the portages and locks, will
require a careful examination.
We quite agree with the Moun
taineer when it says: "The repre
sentatives in the next Legislature
from East of the Mountains should
be positive men. We want no more
of the passive policy kind. If we ex
pect anything we must have men
that will not only ask but demand
the rights of our people. It is not
likely that the Iiepresentatives from
the Valley counties, will give what
you don't ask for" We desire that
the Astoria:? be enrolled among the
steadfast advocates of Eastern Ore
gon. DIRECT TJtADJS 2VO. -1.
From the Oregon Granger.
Having shown the depth of water
on the outer, or Columbia river bar,
to be 34 feet at high, and 24 at low
water, and the depth at all the bars
in the Columbia, and "Wallamet riv
ers, as far as Portland, let us now
consider the class of vessels suitable
for this trade. By inspection of the
shipping registers, we find that the
average draft of all vessels carrying
from one thousand to twelve hun
dred tons, is 201 feet. Of course
there is an occasional vessel that will
carry eleven or twelve hundred tons
on a draft of 1G feet, but they are
scarce and only built for a certain
trade, and rarely leave the waters
for which they are especialhr built.
Clearly, then, the class of vessels
that can bring a cargo to Portland,
and load there for return, are far be
low the average named, and would
be set down at about six hundred
tons.
The class of vessels that the pilots
on the Columbia bar say they can
safely bring into Astoria, drawing
23o feet, are large enough to carry
two or three thousand tons. There
are plenty of ships tliat carry but two
thousand tons on 22 feet, and some
that will carry three thousand tons
on the same draft. Now let us see if
there is any difference in the cost of
marketing our gain in the two class
es of vessels, taking a one thousand
ton ship from Portland, which is
three hundred tons greater than can
be loaded entire at that point, save
during high water late in the season,
and a three thousand ton ship from
Astoria, or a point on the Columbia
from which she can pass out to sea.
Then follow the figures to substan
tiate the statement, (hitherto pub
lished in Astokiax), showing a divi
dend of J 6 percent, oncost of the
larger ship as against 5 per cent, on
that of the smaller. Or, to reduce
both to 3 per pent., the 3,000 ton ship
will carry wheat to Liverpool for
over a third less than the 1,000 ton
vessel; that is 19 cents against 45
cents per bushel. Add to this cost
incidental to getting from Astoria to
Portland, with the average lighter
age, will give at the lowest, four
cents per bushel, which, with the
sixteen cents before shown, gives a
neat gain of twenty cents per bushel
in favor of large, over small vessels,
as grain carriers, from the Columbia
river.
Aforuing for (labor, evening for? re-pojse.
Tile Table for Astoria.
(From tables of United States Coast Survey.)
High Water.!
Low "Water.
Jan.
A. if.
i. if. I
A. if.
p. if.
5 IS 5 1U 11 2i) 11
10 o 54 (! 138 o3 3o 0
11 &J 7 111 0 20 1
12 7 22 S 18 1-07 ....-r.... 2
13 8 12 9 201 2 00 3
K 9 05 10 30i 2 55 4
15 10 02 11 45P 3 51 5
Hi 10 47 oa ccg 4 49 G
1" 0 54 all 49 5 48 7
18 1 89 0 391 (5 48 8
1 2 21 1 235 7 4' 8
-'0 2 57 2 0S 8 34 9
21 3 32 2 55 9 22 10
i 4 03 a 47fi -10 0J 10
23 4 35 4 50" U 02 11
24 5 20 (j lOjj .12 01 11
Meteorological Iteport
Hours of Observation 7 a, if. 2 ami 9 p. m.
-By Louis ilson, U. S. Coast Survey.
t Bslr i Thermometer . -Wrect'n
Jan. Kain ot
Mean .Mean tAl ax 31 in fall, tho wind
1 2:1,5.35 1 38 51 11 0 3ii 0 0.IJ30 SW
2 29,515 35 3 3J S 31 3 0.248
3 30,0 Y) 35 0 i 0 33 8 0.44'i South
1 30,037 42 ij 4i 0 3ti 7 0.880
5 30,155 1 . 43 71 45 01 42 4 0.940 XE
0 29,!8;. 414 47 0 3 J 4 0.:tfS SV
7 29,911 1 47 3 49 1 43 9 0.10- South
8 30,18 J ; 47 9 49 2 47 0 2 J. 17
Temple X.O!lge :Xo. 7 A. F. & A. M.
Regular Communication first and third
Saturdays in each month, at 7 o'clock
P. t., at tho Hall in Astoria. Members;
of the Order in good standing are invited to at
tend. By ordei of tho W. M.
Beaver Lodge Ho. 35, I. O. O. F.
cja' Moet every Thursdav evening.
3S3-lL u ciocK, in uieuuu renews
-X , .!...! !. IT II 11 V
'-vT- J win, corner oi uas ana .jeueinm
' streets Astoria. Members of the
Order aro invited to attend. By order. X. G,
XEAV ADVERTISEMENTS.
NOTICE.
npiIE TAX-PAYERS OF SCHOOL DTS
1 tnet No. 1, Clatsop County, Oregon, aro
hereby notified that tho
Taxes for tho Eirt Term of the Present
School Year are Now Due.
All persons interested aro requested to pay
tho sanio immediately, and save costs. Ry
order of tho Roard of .Directors.
JlOtf J. G. HUSTLER, Clerk.
Established 1859.
fYCONXOR & MALARKEY HAVE RE-
moved toe'j hiont street, corner of Wash
ington, Portland, whore, with increased facili
ties, wo shall endeavor to retain our old cus
tomers and obtain now ones by selling goods
tnat are rename, and lull value for the money
asked. holesalo and retail Grocers, Ship
Stores, foreign and domestic Fruits, Garden
and Grass Seeds. .JOHN O'CONNOR,
DAN. J. MALARKEY.
Portland, Jan. 1,1871. tf
Tlie New Market.
CITY MARKET COFFEE STAND You
aro wanted to call and try our Coftco,
Chocolato, and Tea. We can piovide you with
Soups, Meats, Poultry, Game, Fish, etc,
jlOtf M. ll.SHEl'PAllD.
Sparkling Oregon Cider.
HAUIUXGTOX'S SPARKLING Oregon
Cider, is now ready and for sale by
D. F. 11AK1UN(JT0X,
Sixth St., between 1) and E streets,
jlOtf Portland, Oregon.
Universal Spring JSed.
ALL YE WHO WANT REST, BUY THE
Universal Spring Red. Rest in tho State,
nice only Ten Dollars. Can bo packed in
small space, and weighs out 2-5 poumK Every
Red warranted, anil kept in repair for three
years. 11. R. MORRILL, Manufacturer,
j LUtf lii'2 First st., Portland.
J Self Acting Rubbers and Overslioes
' A N ARTICLE L0XG NEEDED 11Y THE
I xjl Public, have just been received from tho
j East by George A. Pease Sc Co.. cor. Morrison
I and l'irst streets, Pcitland, the only place on
tne Loast tnat nave tuem. tall and soo them,
and you will bo sine to purchase, as they are
so handv, and cheaper than ordinary shoes.
Full satisfaction guaranteed on all goods.
GEO. A. PEASE & CO.,
jlOtf Pacific Root and Shoo Store.
Oregon Museum.
AN INSTITUTION OF REAL MERIT,
Instructive, Aimsing, Entertaining. Tho
place to visit, of all ethers. Open from "J a. ji.
to 10 i m., 2-i cents atmission.
T. A. WOOD, Proprietor
JlOtf Fint and Ash sts., Portland.
Book Binding.
T FRED. MILLEt, BULLETIN BUILD
V mg, Portland, Rok-Rindor, Paper-Ruling
and Rlank-Uook Maiufiicturcr. Rinding dono
m every style. Tho place to get your County
Records. All work receives my personal at
tention. Orders solicited. jiutf
Oregon Liveryand Hack Stables.
-piNEST STOCK IN THE CITY, HORSES
X Rought and Soldand Roarded, at Reason
able rates. Hacks or call, day and night.
iur r, Vr A" .(LARD, Proprietor,
j lOtf Cor Morridjn and 2d st, Portland.
J. M'CRAKEN & Co.,
Importers, Shipphg, CommUhion and
Fonvardhg Merchants,
14 and IB North Front 51, PORTLA0Gox.
AGEXTS FORGEitOY'3 DTJXDEE 3ags
and liagging; VIcMurray's Caso Goods;
uavogo Kingsford Snrch; iiunnowell's rfplces
anu urouiu Tartar; Gros & Co.'s ooap and
Candbs; nopes & CVs Candles: Crytalino uil,
etc, otc. jlutt-
KOSHLAND BROS..
No. S Front st., Central Block, Portland,
Dealer in Geieral Murchandke,
HMDS HAND, AXi offer forsai,e,
MK un DAMJi Grjft Bags Wool Bags.Uurlaps
j !
N.B.-W0 pay thohijhest market prices for
Wool, Hides, iJocKSliins and Furs. jMf I
3E!MWiB,m'il.Hll.lfJ- "WWywiwp
JS'EW ADVERTISEMENTS.
Notice.
PROPOSALS WILL RE RECEIVED until
the loth inst., for constructing a building
EOE A CANNERY AT UPPER
ASTORIA,
ClatsopCounty, Oregon. For ALL PARTIC
ULARS, apply at Astoria, to
JOHN BADOLLET.
January 7th, 1S74. jlO 2d
Fruit Trees.
THE UNDERSIGNED IS PREPARED
to furnish, from the Vancouver Nursery
of S. W. Rrown,
Actually one of the Best Nurseries on the
Pacific Coast,
All kinds of.Fruit Trees, Ornamental Tree, i
ines. Berry Shrubs, etc., etc.. at Reduced !
(Catalogue) Prices. Orders may be left at tho
astoria.v umce. a. 11. SALE,
510 tf Astoria, Oregon
Buchte & Stolte,
PTIOTOGRAPHERS-01 First street Port
land, (Corbett's Ruilding). Views of Scen
ery takon to order. Large and small Photo
graphs, Plain or Colored, in W ater or Oil, or
xietouchcd in India Ink. .N egativos preserved.
Dissolution Notice.
rpiIE PARTNERSHIP HERE'l OFORE EX
JL iting betweon tho undersigned, under tho
linn name of Farloman A: Lawson, doing a ho
tel businerf at Astoria, Clatsop county, Oregon
is this day dissolved, by mutual consent.
Rills due tho lato firm Avill be collected bv
C. R. Farloman, and all bills owing by tho
firm will be paid by him.
C. R. FARLEMAX,
W. H. LAWSON.
Astoria, Oregon, Jan. (5, lfc7-l. jlO It
C. 15. FARLEMAX. JOHN CIUPPELL.
Parker House,
HOTEL AND RESTAURANT.
Main Street, Astoria.
Farleman d- Chappcll, Propr's,
Have Leaded tho above named
Newly Built, LTard-finUied, and Newly
Furnished Hotel,
and propose to conduct the same in a fir't class
manner. The house will bo kept open day and
nignt. No pains will bo spared to insure the
comfort of guests.
Roard and Lodging per week Su 00 to $S 00
. ' per day 1 50
Single Meal n0
Wr Particular attention wjll bo given to
supplying balls, pai ties, etc., with oysters, and
suppers, on short notice. s20tf
FOR HONOLULU. jrfrg-
Tho A 1 Clipper Rarkentine kW?V
JANE A. FAL1UNRURG,.
J. A. Rrown Mas:er
"Will have quick dispatch. For freight or
Passage apply to tho Captain on boaid, or to
ALLEN Jc LEWIS. Portland.
JACKIE" S & Co.,
Corner of MYin and Jefferson Streets,
Abtoria, Oregon.
yEALERS IX ALLKIXDS OF STOVES,
Tin and Sheet Iron Wara!
"$55 Jobbing, of every btyle, done to
order. Give Ua atrial. jfitf
Teaming to Order.
THE UXDERSrCJXEl) WISHES TO IN
form tho Public of Astoria and surround
ing country that he is now prepared with a
good team to attend to all kinds of hauling in
Astoria.
ilf Olnec at H. IJ. Parker's Store, or at
Stables on Chomoiiuo Street,
jtf F. TERM AX.
p J ? ? js g p
TRANK FABRE, at tho Central Market,
JO Portland, has enlarged his OWFEE stall,
and added such improvements as will enable'
him to provide Epicures with tho best in tho
Market. Parties furnished with Hot Coffee on
shortnotice. Give tho Central Market Coffee
Stand a trial ocltf
Fancy Poultry i Sale.
THE rXDERSIGXED, ABOUT TO RE
niove from Astoria, offers his stock of fan
cy Poultry for sale, at tho following reduced
prices:
Silver Spangled Hamburgs $7 oO per pair
Buff Cochins 5 00 "
Light Brahmas 5 00 "
Duck-Wing Game 3 00 "
H&-A11 Chickens aro warranted to be Pure
blooded. A. J.MEGLElt,
n'tf Astoria, Oregon.
THE WHOLES A!LE OYSTER CO.
A. S. Gross, Agent,
Portland, Oregon- .
THIS COMPANY IS NOW READY TO
deliver from ono to one thousand sacks of
1-resh Oysters, direct from their native element
three times a week; wo can furnish all kinds,
In any Quantity, at prices Defying Com
petition. Customers can rely upon regular tri-weekly
supplies, either in sunshine or storm
We never Fail, and Always iaat the Sea
ton Through.
G. AY. "WARREN & CO,,
1 Abtoria, Oregon.
oc2tf
CRACKER MANUFACTORY
Oregon Bakery,
F.OPITZ, Proprietor
Pii-fct Street, near Vine, Portland, Oregon
TVfANUFAOTURE 'all ' kinds of Fancy Eis-
1 1, i,lIVl' 1Crnckp" Aot.Shii and.Naval
attended to aUl!rc3!5.Va ..Ilbo promptly
;jJLr jsa.4.u.nga&: ,. jsfc,
GENERAL MERCHANDISE.
GOODS FORTHE SEASON
Great EEDUCM is Prices !
Selling Less than Cost
THE nmi STOCK!
OP GOODS
A FmRP 0FTIT1E LATE GEOKfiE
SX. bLAliVLELb, deceased, Astoria Oregon,
HAS TO
E SOLD
And in order to settle up the affairs of the es
tate, the undersigned, administiator, is now
ottering the entire line, embracing a very de
sirable quality of goods at piices below actual
cost.
fits' Call and Examine for Yourselvcs.ou
2TA11 persons having bills against the es
tate will please present the samewith proper
vouchers for payment. And all persons owing
the estate will please come forwaid and settle,
or make nnangements to settle tho same, and
save costs. c. S. WRIGHT,
n't Administrator.
Established in Astoria in 1S49.
NEW GOODS. CHEAP GOODS.
A. VAIST BUSEH,
"Wholesale and Retail Dealer in
GENERAL MERCHANDISE,
Corner of Main and Chenamus streets,
ASTOKIA, OllEGOX.
JS NOW OFFERING FOR. SALE OXE OF
tho largest and most complete assortments
of General Merchandise ever before brought
to the country, and to buyers
For Cash will offer the Most Flattering Inducements
In the line of
DRY-GOODS,
CLOTHING,
HATS, AXD CAPS,
HOOTS AND SHOES
FANCY GOODS,
LADIES' DRESS GOODS,
GENTS' FURNISHINGS,
A Complete StoeJt of Every Article,
TOO NUMEROUS TO MENTION.
G5"Givo mo a call, and be convinced that
my goods aro of the host quality, and as cheap
as can be bought of any houso in tho State.
A. VA3 DUSEX.
Headquarters ! Headquarters !
9 uiibE,
Chcnamiia Street, Astoria, Oregon,
Wholesale and Botail Dealer in
Dry Hoods, Clotting, Groceries. Provisions, (iolioGS,
And General Merchandise,
CROCKE11Y, GLASSWARE,
iJUATS A-ND UxU'S,
JiOOTS AND SHOES,
BLANKETS, FLASTiSTELS, &c,
"Which is being offered
Cheap FOR. CASH or PRODUCE !
"fe-All the New School Books, that can
he had, and a great variety of Stationery
jiisst received. jyi tf
Millinery and Fancy Goods.
TTrE "WTSIT TO CALL THE A'lTENTTQX
H of the Ladies of Astoria and vicinity to
our new stock of
Millinery and Fancy Goods !
"Which wo offer at reasonablo prices. Ladies
living at a distance, favoring us with their or
ders, will find thorn promptly attended to.
Miss H. FVJ. MORRISON, Propr.
Main street, Astoria, Oregon. s2-5
THE OSLY
ManufacturingHouse
IX OKEGOX.
Fishel & Boberts,
Corner Eirtt and "Washington Streets,
POKTLAKD, 01lEGO-ST.
MMABLE CLOTHIERS,
AX5 MAXITFAC'TUKEBS.
THE BEST VALVE ,
FOR THE LEAST MONEY,
CHEMEKETA HOTEL-S xlem. Orscos
WESLEY HRAVKS. IWmktor,
v"Tho chcanet and host Hotnl in din St..rt
--- MW tUI.l
Tree Coach to the House.