Cz.2 Tri-Weekly Astorian ASTOPJA, OREGON: Z. C. IRELAXB Editor. ASTORIA. .Jan. 10, 1S74 A Word for Eastern Oregon. IMPltOYEMEXT 0?" THE COLUMBIA AT THE CASCAlfe AND DALLES-A MATTER OF PUBLIC IMPORTANCE. "We have already shown, in form er articles though the Astokiax, the utter impossibility of successfully dredging and keeping open the hogs hack above this city in the Columbia river. It has also been shown that the annual removal of deposits- from the mouth of the "Wallamet river is a nisless waste of money, because the .-river cannot be opened without ex traordinary meanSjSO as to be made a :th rough route for deep sea vessels. It has also been shown that there ex--isfs a great and urgent need for a 'proper improvement of the "Wallamet river for steamboat navigation above 'Portland and on the Columbia river ait the Cascade and Dalles. "With the view of obtaining an ap propriation for the purpose of survey ing and estimating this work, Sena--tor 3Jitchell introduced a bill in Con gress early the present session. 'XI) ere is no part of the entire Pacific Coast more deserving National aid, than Eastern Oregon; there is not a locality in the broad United States more sadly neglected. That division gave to the State its "first start" on the high road to prosperity in the decade from 3 SGO to 1870, by pour ing its wealth of treasure into the hands of the valley farmers,and Port land merchants, when there was no -other outlet; none to buy of us. It was Eastern Oregon that built the Oregon Steam Navigation Company, making a giant concern of the few little boats that then traversed the .stream with nothing to do but carry government supplies to the forts in terior, ttut what has Eastern Ore gon got for all this? what has that di vision to show as a return for the gold and silver lent to this division in the time of our most pressing want? .Literaly nothing! She is possessed of thousands of broad, level and fertile plains, capable of almost unlimited development, but she is tied up for want of communication for the want of an open way to the sea, yet Ave hope the day may speedily come when bhe will have one. Isaac W. Smith, an efficient civil -engineer in the Corps of "Washington Territory, communicates the follow ing to the Mountaineer, on the sub ject of this very much desired im im peovement: 1 have delayed writing concerning the practicability of a canal and locks at the Cascades and Dalles, in order to obtain definite information concerning the rUe of the water and the nature of the foundation- at the Ca.cade, and I find the diffi- cultie- to he overcome greater than I had Mippo-ed. At the Cascades the fall, from low water above to low water below, is about thirty feet, but in order to estimate the Jail, to pa? boat through atalUtage&, the full must be estimated from high water above to low water below making over eighty feet in all. The principal difficul ty will be in conducting the upper lock, ho a- to pass boats through at high and 1 dw water. The rise being forty-live feet, the gate, if only one lock is Used, would he over fifty feet high, and as the width avould be over forty feet, the pressure would be very great. It might be possi ble to have two sets of entrance locks, one lor low and one high water. Another -difficulty is the shitting nature of the loundations. On both sides of the river the mountain is slowly sliding into the river. On the Oregon side, the motion is very perceptible, having, during the past ten years, thrown the trestle work of the old railroad line much out of line. 3Ir. Urazee inform me that the same is the case on the Washington Territory side, but to a less extent. Itis possible, how- over, that on that side the motion exUfc only at points, and space enough migh- be found to build the locks. The motion is m slow that it would not injure the canal. It might be advisable to build the locks of wood, which, would cost less, but would not, of coaise, last so long, such lock would not, however, be affected o much by the sliding of the foundation. The length of the canal would be about six miles, and the practical fall about eighty feet. At the Dalles the rise of water at Ceulo is not much over twontv-five feet, and the foundations all -of olid rock. Jiut at the Cascades and Dalles, boats have been passed through at high .water, (the Shoshone, over the Cascades this bumm rL .Below Celilo the water being compressed into a very narrow channel, the rise is very great, u'ndience it would be i.ece-ary. to make the entrance lock neat Celilo,, t , , -The total length of tho canal :arid locks H3Z3 at the Dalles would be about fifteen miles, and the fall about the same as at the Cas cades. It is impossible without a careful survey to make any estimate of the cost, or to decide as to the practicability of the work. The canal and Locks at Oregon City, on the "Wallamet, cost in all a little under $300,000. There are in that work five locks of masonry, or cut into the solid rock, the total fall from low to high wa ter 40 feet, and the rise above on the high est boating stage about 12 feet, although the water in the flood of 1801 and lSb'2, rose over twenty feet. The length of the canal is not more than half a mile. Tho locks are each 210 leet long by 40 feet wide. At the Cascades and Dalles, there will be required at least eight locks in each and about twenty miles of canal in all, and I should not think it safe to put the cost at both yjlaces under 3,000,000. A survey might however, show the cot less than I have stnted. "The construction of the canal at the Cascades would not be costly, being generally in earth and through loo-e rock, but at the Dalles, the cutting would be in solid rock. The con ptraction of locks would doubtless render transportation cheaper than by any other method, although fiiccht is brouirht down at low rates over the portages. The por tages are however the property of the O. S. jS Company, which constructed them, and the whole commerce i controlled by one company. The difficulties of con structing a railroad down are very great, and the cot so cnormou-, that it may be many years before it is attempted. The disadvantage of the water communication is the closing of the river by ice. A corn par tively small i-um expended on the portages, and in improving the Columbia river, would much facilitate the passage of freight, if the portages were thrown open to all atr moderate rates. A half million of dollars expended on the river and postages, would render transportation almost as cheap as by canal .and locks, provided the portages were thrown open to all at moderate rates; but as the com pany which now holds them, can control the commerce of the river, it is not likery that they would sll unless at a very high rate. It would be possible to make a portage on the Washington Territory side of the Dalles, and on the Oregon side at the Cascades. To determine the relative advantages of the portages and locks, will require a careful examination. We quite agree with the Moun taineer when it says: "The repre sentatives in the next Legislature from East of the Mountains should be positive men. We want no more of the passive policy kind. If we ex pect anything we must have men that will not only ask but demand the rights of our people. It is not likely that the Iiepresentatives from the Valley counties, will give what you don't ask for" We desire that the Astoria:? be enrolled among the steadfast advocates of Eastern Ore gon. DIRECT TJtADJS 2VO. -1. From the Oregon Granger. Having shown the depth of water on the outer, or Columbia river bar, to be 34 feet at high, and 24 at low water, and the depth at all the bars in the Columbia, and "Wallamet riv ers, as far as Portland, let us now consider the class of vessels suitable for this trade. By inspection of the shipping registers, we find that the average draft of all vessels carrying from one thousand to twelve hun dred tons, is 201 feet. Of course there is an occasional vessel that will carry eleven or twelve hundred tons on a draft of 1G feet, but they are scarce and only built for a certain trade, and rarely leave the waters for which they are especialhr built. Clearly, then, the class of vessels that can bring a cargo to Portland, and load there for return, are far be low the average named, and would be set down at about six hundred tons. The class of vessels that the pilots on the Columbia bar say they can safely bring into Astoria, drawing 23o feet, are large enough to carry two or three thousand tons. There are plenty of ships tliat carry but two thousand tons on 22 feet, and some that will carry three thousand tons on the same draft. Now let us see if there is any difference in the cost of marketing our gain in the two class es of vessels, taking a one thousand ton ship from Portland, which is three hundred tons greater than can be loaded entire at that point, save during high water late in the season, and a three thousand ton ship from Astoria, or a point on the Columbia from which she can pass out to sea. Then follow the figures to substan tiate the statement, (hitherto pub lished in Astokiax), showing a divi dend of J 6 percent, oncost of the larger ship as against 5 per cent, on that of the smaller. Or, to reduce both to 3 per pent., the 3,000 ton ship will carry wheat to Liverpool for over a third less than the 1,000 ton vessel; that is 19 cents against 45 cents per bushel. Add to this cost incidental to getting from Astoria to Portland, with the average lighter age, will give at the lowest, four cents per bushel, which, with the sixteen cents before shown, gives a neat gain of twenty cents per bushel in favor of large, over small vessels, as grain carriers, from the Columbia river. Aforuing for (labor, evening for? re-pojse. Tile Table for Astoria. (From tables of United States Coast Survey.) High Water.! Low "Water. Jan. A. if. i. if. I A. if. p. if. 5 IS 5 1U 11 2i) 11 10 o 54 (! 138 o3 3o 0 11 &J 7 111 0 20 1 12 7 22 S 18 1-07 ....-r.... 2 13 8 12 9 201 2 00 3 K 9 05 10 30i 2 55 4 15 10 02 11 45P 3 51 5 Hi 10 47 oa ccg 4 49 G 1" 0 54 all 49 5 48 7 18 1 89 0 391 (5 48 8 1 2 21 1 235 7 4' 8 -'0 2 57 2 0S 8 34 9 21 3 32 2 55 9 22 10 i 4 03 a 47fi -10 0J 10 23 4 35 4 50" U 02 11 24 5 20 (j lOjj .12 01 11 Meteorological Iteport Hours of Observation 7 a, if. 2 ami 9 p. m. -By Louis ilson, U. S. Coast Survey. t Bslr i Thermometer . -Wrect'n Jan. Kain ot Mean .Mean tAl ax 31 in fall, tho wind 1 2:1,5.35 1 38 51 11 0 3ii 0 0.IJ30 SW 2 29,515 35 3 3J S 31 3 0.248 3 30,0 Y) 35 0 i 0 33 8 0.44'i South 1 30,037 42 ij 4i 0 3ti 7 0.880 5 30,155 1 . 43 71 45 01 42 4 0.940 XE 0 29,!8;. 414 47 0 3 J 4 0.:tfS SV 7 29,911 1 47 3 49 1 43 9 0.10- South 8 30,18 J ; 47 9 49 2 47 0 2 J. 17 Temple X.O!lge :Xo. 7 A. F. & A. M. Regular Communication first and third Saturdays in each month, at 7 o'clock P. t., at tho Hall in Astoria. Members; of the Order in good standing are invited to at tend. By ordei of tho W. M. Beaver Lodge Ho. 35, I. O. O. F. cja' Moet every Thursdav evening. 3S3-lL u ciocK, in uieuuu renews -X , .!...! !. IT II 11 V '-vT- J win, corner oi uas ana .jeueinm ' streets Astoria. Members of the Order aro invited to attend. By order. X. G, XEAV ADVERTISEMENTS. NOTICE. npiIE TAX-PAYERS OF SCHOOL DTS 1 tnet No. 1, Clatsop County, Oregon, aro hereby notified that tho Taxes for tho Eirt Term of the Present School Year are Now Due. All persons interested aro requested to pay tho sanio immediately, and save costs. Ry order of tho Roard of .Directors. JlOtf J. G. HUSTLER, Clerk. Established 1859. fYCONXOR & MALARKEY HAVE RE- moved toe'j hiont street, corner of Wash ington, Portland, whore, with increased facili ties, wo shall endeavor to retain our old cus tomers and obtain now ones by selling goods tnat are rename, and lull value for the money asked. holesalo and retail Grocers, Ship Stores, foreign and domestic Fruits, Garden and Grass Seeds. .JOHN O'CONNOR, DAN. J. MALARKEY. Portland, Jan. 1,1871. tf Tlie New Market. CITY MARKET COFFEE STAND You aro wanted to call and try our Coftco, Chocolato, and Tea. We can piovide you with Soups, Meats, Poultry, Game, Fish, etc, jlOtf M. ll.SHEl'PAllD. Sparkling Oregon Cider. HAUIUXGTOX'S SPARKLING Oregon Cider, is now ready and for sale by D. F. 11AK1UN(JT0X, Sixth St., between 1) and E streets, jlOtf Portland, Oregon. Universal Spring JSed. ALL YE WHO WANT REST, BUY THE Universal Spring Red. Rest in tho State, nice only Ten Dollars. Can bo packed in small space, and weighs out 2-5 poumK Every Red warranted, anil kept in repair for three years. 11. R. MORRILL, Manufacturer, j LUtf lii'2 First st., Portland. J Self Acting Rubbers and Overslioes ' A N ARTICLE L0XG NEEDED 11Y THE I xjl Public, have just been received from tho j East by George A. Pease Sc Co.. cor. Morrison I and l'irst streets, Pcitland, the only place on tne Loast tnat nave tuem. tall and soo them, and you will bo sine to purchase, as they are so handv, and cheaper than ordinary shoes. Full satisfaction guaranteed on all goods. GEO. A. PEASE & CO., jlOtf Pacific Root and Shoo Store. Oregon Museum. AN INSTITUTION OF REAL MERIT, Instructive, Aimsing, Entertaining. Tho place to visit, of all ethers. Open from "J a. ji. to 10 i m., 2-i cents atmission. T. A. WOOD, Proprietor JlOtf Fint and Ash sts., Portland. Book Binding. T FRED. MILLEt, BULLETIN BUILD V mg, Portland, Rok-Rindor, Paper-Ruling and Rlank-Uook Maiufiicturcr. Rinding dono m every style. Tho place to get your County Records. All work receives my personal at tention. Orders solicited. jiutf Oregon Liveryand Hack Stables. -piNEST STOCK IN THE CITY, HORSES X Rought and Soldand Roarded, at Reason able rates. Hacks or call, day and night. iur r, Vr A" .(LARD, Proprietor, j lOtf Cor Morridjn and 2d st, Portland. J. M'CRAKEN & Co., Importers, Shipphg, CommUhion and Fonvardhg Merchants, 14 and IB North Front 51, PORTLA0Gox. AGEXTS FORGEitOY'3 DTJXDEE 3ags and liagging; VIcMurray's Caso Goods; uavogo Kingsford Snrch; iiunnowell's rfplces anu urouiu Tartar; Gros & Co.'s ooap and Candbs; nopes & CVs Candles: Crytalino uil, etc, otc. jlutt- KOSHLAND BROS.. No. S Front st., Central Block, Portland, Dealer in Geieral Murchandke, HMDS HAND, AXi offer forsai,e, MK un DAMJi Grjft Bags Wool Bags.Uurlaps j ! N.B.-W0 pay thohijhest market prices for Wool, Hides, iJocKSliins and Furs. jMf I 3E!MWiB,m'il.Hll.lfJ- "WWywiwp JS'EW ADVERTISEMENTS. Notice. PROPOSALS WILL RE RECEIVED until the loth inst., for constructing a building EOE A CANNERY AT UPPER ASTORIA, ClatsopCounty, Oregon. For ALL PARTIC ULARS, apply at Astoria, to JOHN BADOLLET. January 7th, 1S74. jlO 2d Fruit Trees. THE UNDERSIGNED IS PREPARED to furnish, from the Vancouver Nursery of S. W. Rrown, Actually one of the Best Nurseries on the Pacific Coast, All kinds of.Fruit Trees, Ornamental Tree, i ines. Berry Shrubs, etc., etc.. at Reduced ! (Catalogue) Prices. Orders may be left at tho astoria.v umce. a. 11. SALE, 510 tf Astoria, Oregon Buchte & Stolte, PTIOTOGRAPHERS-01 First street Port land, (Corbett's Ruilding). Views of Scen ery takon to order. Large and small Photo graphs, Plain or Colored, in W ater or Oil, or xietouchcd in India Ink. .N egativos preserved. Dissolution Notice. rpiIE PARTNERSHIP HERE'l OFORE EX JL iting betweon tho undersigned, under tho linn name of Farloman A: Lawson, doing a ho tel businerf at Astoria, Clatsop county, Oregon is this day dissolved, by mutual consent. Rills due tho lato firm Avill be collected bv C. R. Farloman, and all bills owing by tho firm will be paid by him. C. R. FARLEMAX, W. H. LAWSON. Astoria, Oregon, Jan. (5, lfc7-l. jlO It C. 15. FARLEMAX. JOHN CIUPPELL. Parker House, HOTEL AND RESTAURANT. Main Street, Astoria. Farleman d- Chappcll, Propr's, Have Leaded tho above named Newly Built, LTard-finUied, and Newly Furnished Hotel, and propose to conduct the same in a fir't class manner. The house will bo kept open day and nignt. No pains will bo spared to insure the comfort of guests. Roard and Lodging per week Su 00 to $S 00 . ' per day 1 50 Single Meal n0 Wr Particular attention wjll bo given to supplying balls, pai ties, etc., with oysters, and suppers, on short notice. s20tf FOR HONOLULU. jrfrg- Tho A 1 Clipper Rarkentine kW?V JANE A. FAL1UNRURG,. J. A. Rrown Mas:er "Will have quick dispatch. For freight or Passage apply to tho Captain on boaid, or to ALLEN Jc LEWIS. Portland. JACKIE" S & Co., Corner of MYin and Jefferson Streets, Abtoria, Oregon. yEALERS IX ALLKIXDS OF STOVES, Tin and Sheet Iron Wara! "$55 Jobbing, of every btyle, done to order. Give Ua atrial. jfitf Teaming to Order. THE UXDERSrCJXEl) WISHES TO IN form tho Public of Astoria and surround ing country that he is now prepared with a good team to attend to all kinds of hauling in Astoria. ilf Olnec at H. IJ. Parker's Store, or at Stables on Chomoiiuo Street, jtf F. TERM AX. p J ? ? js g p TRANK FABRE, at tho Central Market, JO Portland, has enlarged his OWFEE stall, and added such improvements as will enable' him to provide Epicures with tho best in tho Market. Parties furnished with Hot Coffee on shortnotice. Give tho Central Market Coffee Stand a trial ocltf Fancy Poultry i Sale. THE rXDERSIGXED, ABOUT TO RE niove from Astoria, offers his stock of fan cy Poultry for sale, at tho following reduced prices: Silver Spangled Hamburgs $7 oO per pair Buff Cochins 5 00 " Light Brahmas 5 00 " Duck-Wing Game 3 00 " H&-A11 Chickens aro warranted to be Pure blooded. A. J.MEGLElt, n'tf Astoria, Oregon. THE WHOLES A!LE OYSTER CO. A. S. Gross, Agent, Portland, Oregon- . THIS COMPANY IS NOW READY TO deliver from ono to one thousand sacks of 1-resh Oysters, direct from their native element three times a week; wo can furnish all kinds, In any Quantity, at prices Defying Com petition. Customers can rely upon regular tri-weekly supplies, either in sunshine or storm We never Fail, and Always iaat the Sea ton Through. G. AY. "WARREN & CO,, 1 Abtoria, Oregon. oc2tf CRACKER MANUFACTORY Oregon Bakery, F.OPITZ, Proprietor Pii-fct Street, near Vine, Portland, Oregon TVfANUFAOTURE 'all ' kinds of Fancy Eis- 1 1, i,lIVl' 1Crnckp" Aot.Shii and.Naval attended to aUl!rc3!5.Va ..Ilbo promptly ;jJLr jsa.4.u.nga&: ,. jsfc, GENERAL MERCHANDISE. GOODS FORTHE SEASON Great EEDUCM is Prices ! Selling Less than Cost THE nmi STOCK! OP GOODS A FmRP 0FTIT1E LATE GEOKfiE SX. bLAliVLELb, deceased, Astoria Oregon, HAS TO E SOLD And in order to settle up the affairs of the es tate, the undersigned, administiator, is now ottering the entire line, embracing a very de sirable quality of goods at piices below actual cost. fits' Call and Examine for Yourselvcs.ou 2TA11 persons having bills against the es tate will please present the samewith proper vouchers for payment. And all persons owing the estate will please come forwaid and settle, or make nnangements to settle tho same, and save costs. c. S. WRIGHT, n't Administrator. Established in Astoria in 1S49. NEW GOODS. CHEAP GOODS. A. VAIST BUSEH, "Wholesale and Retail Dealer in GENERAL MERCHANDISE, Corner of Main and Chenamus streets, ASTOKIA, OllEGOX. JS NOW OFFERING FOR. SALE OXE OF tho largest and most complete assortments of General Merchandise ever before brought to the country, and to buyers For Cash will offer the Most Flattering Inducements In the line of DRY-GOODS, CLOTHING, HATS, AXD CAPS, HOOTS AND SHOES FANCY GOODS, LADIES' DRESS GOODS, GENTS' FURNISHINGS, A Complete StoeJt of Every Article, TOO NUMEROUS TO MENTION. G5"Givo mo a call, and be convinced that my goods aro of the host quality, and as cheap as can be bought of any houso in tho State. A. VA3 DUSEX. Headquarters ! Headquarters ! 9 uiibE, Chcnamiia Street, Astoria, Oregon, Wholesale and Botail Dealer in Dry Hoods, Clotting, Groceries. Provisions, (iolioGS, And General Merchandise, CROCKE11Y, GLASSWARE, iJUATS A-ND UxU'S, JiOOTS AND SHOES, BLANKETS, FLASTiSTELS, &c, "Which is being offered Cheap FOR. CASH or PRODUCE ! "fe-All the New School Books, that can he had, and a great variety of Stationery jiisst received. jyi tf Millinery and Fancy Goods. TTrE "WTSIT TO CALL THE A'lTENTTQX H of the Ladies of Astoria and vicinity to our new stock of Millinery and Fancy Goods ! "Which wo offer at reasonablo prices. Ladies living at a distance, favoring us with their or ders, will find thorn promptly attended to. Miss H. FVJ. MORRISON, Propr. Main street, Astoria, Oregon. s2-5 THE OSLY ManufacturingHouse IX OKEGOX. Fishel & Boberts, Corner Eirtt and "Washington Streets, POKTLAKD, 01lEGO-ST. MMABLE CLOTHIERS, AX5 MAXITFAC'TUKEBS. THE BEST VALVE , FOR THE LEAST MONEY, CHEMEKETA HOTEL-S xlem. Orscos WESLEY HRAVKS. IWmktor, v"Tho chcanet and host Hotnl in din St..rt --- MW tUI.l Tree Coach to the House.