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Tri-Weekiy Astdrian
ASTOKIA, OREGON
I. C. IKEfcA3tt. vjStlitor.
TUESDAT. Septv 2 1873
ASTORIA AS A PORT.
In the first issue of the Abtorian wc
published a report from a committee to
the -Astoria Chamber of Commerce, on
shipping, and continued its publication
for some days believing the information
therein set forth to be of vital impoitanco
not alone to Abtoria but to all of Oregon.
"We now propose to republish the leading
points of said report with such additions
as seems to us meet and continue the same
a.-; an editorial, for the reason that there
iirethohc who have not fully considered
ihese truths, and their bearing upon the
future of our great State. We arc of
those who believe that Oregon is rich in
all that goes to make up a first class State,
.-and that all that is required, to uher in a
degree of extreme prosperity,is the placing
jf the producing classes in a position to
realize full returns for their labor. The
liarvefefc of 1S73 will yield close upon, (if
not more than) five hundred thousand
bushels of wheat of a fine grade, beside
oats, barley, etc. And yet the Slate U not
developed to a tenth part of its wheat
i aising capacity. There are wheat lands
bordering, and tributary to the Columbia
river, in Oregon and Washington, fciifli
cicnt to produce, annually, seventy-five
millions bushels! or enough to load eight
hhips of a thousand tons each working day
of the year. There are no risks of pro
duction in Oregon, it U simply a question
of a fair return for labor, in the way of
price for grain. We believe there has
never been a season, with perhaps one ex
ception, that the prices realized by the
formers of California would not have
been such as to make wheat raising in
Oregon profitable.
The question then is to so order our
conditions that wheat shall be worth as
much at tide water in Oregon, as it is in
California, and we then have sufficient
stimulous to induce the opening up o- all
availible wheat land in the State, and the
consequent peopleing of the State in a cor
responding ratio. The question is now
."hall this be done? Wc maintain that it
i a simple problem. Wc start out with
the statement that a cargo of wheat, say
fifty thousand bushels, at Astoria, is worth
as much afloat, as the same quantity of
wheat is worth in San Francisco, afloat,
for export to aii3r maketsouth of the equa
tion, or on the western shore of the Pacific
ocean. That which is required is the
. placing of the Oregon grain at Asto ia,
where the larger class of carriers can al
ways come, and the giving of that infor
maiion to the ship owners of the world.
But we must break up the present ar
rangement of dragging vessels over the
mud to Portland, and avoid the delays
incident thereto. The report says:
The water front of Astoria, varying
f. om a quarter of a mile to a mile in width
atfords over six miles of secure anchorage
for tke largest classed vessels, in from six to
t welvc fathoms of water. No storms have
yot visited the harbor that effected any
damage to shipping riding at anchor in
the bay, or lyim; at the wharf.
Should the demands of commerce re
quire, about five consecutive miles of dock
age may be cheaply constructed from the
river bank to the edge of the channel,
piling being necessary but a short dis
tance at any nven point.
The central portion of the harbor is just
twelve miles inside the Columbia river
bar, on which there is twenty-four feet of
water at extreme low tide, and thirty-four
at ordinary high tide. Alter crossing the
bar, the depth holds still greater all the
way to Astoria, so that any vessel able to
cross, can safety venture to our docks.
About six miles above Astoria, at the com-m-tneement
of Cathlament baj' is the
lion's " back, a bar some quarter of a mile
in length, with ten feet of water at low and
eighteen feet at high tide. This is the
m -t dangerous point on the river, and the
int skillful pilots never attempt its pas
ij in the night, cither with sailpr steam,
it is formed of shifting: sand-, deposited by
the meeting of the tide with the annual
1 reshe of the river, as Cathlamet bay is
ten miles long up and down the river, and
jrom seven to fourteen in width. Thus
the waters of the river are so spread out
that they lose their force, and theincoming
tide washes the loose sand into irregular
b'trs that change their position from year
to year, and .make dredging useless.
Stramers are nearly always detained at
.Woria, for tide to cross this "bar.
Thi bar has been
known for years, but as the draft of steam-
era and vessels now coming into the river
i greater-than formerly, the difficulties
are becoming more and more apparent.
There is thefollowing'named depths of
water at the points mentioned at -high
tide: , -.
"Walker's Island, in ftforjtfmilo'helow "Rainier
Carr'sWoodyard " " above- "
Kalama M " y. "
St Helen 17ft.for "
louth Wallamet"
Pot Office ;18 " '-
S;nin JslaDd... 17 A " --
, w - jc.Mi.1 a
mouth of the Willamette river is subject
to annual deposts of sediment from back
water of the Columbia.
We find that the cilrrnfc bade rjf
Oregon Is now. chiefly ridri'e By Y&sblis 'df
light draft and small capMtJ;
That these are subject to a tax df 3 p'eV
foot draft as pilotage; from four to ten
days7 delay, and 300 td $100 towage,
oyer and above what they would have to
pay, did they receive ana take in Cargo at
Astoria. A fair averagii . .would bc sily
six hundred tons capacity Expenses would
then be as follews:
Pilotage 10 fcct( S4 ttp::r.m::::i:;it.n:i:.ii$
Yi
l'
'devfh.i:
Six dtiys demurrage SOU,,,,..., 3(50
Towage up... 17-3
" down 12-5
Total $78S
Equivalent to over four cents per bushel
on the cargo of 600 tons outward bound.
This is but a fraction of the expense to the
State growing out of present arrangement
of the arrivals and depatures by sea.
By careful inspection of the shipping
registers, we find the average draft of all
vessels now in use, ranging between 1,000
and 1,200 tons, to be 20X feet, and the
av.rao-e of all larcrer ones but 21 feet.
While a thousand ton ship is iull larger
than can reach Portland, or any point above
Astoria, loaded, on account of depth of
water, a vessel of 3,000 tons can always
come to Astoria, whatever the stage of
water. Thus, with a point higher up on
the river, the export tradu must forever be
carried on in small vessels, while from
here the shipping of the world may com
pete for freights.
A ship of 3,000 tons can carry wheat
from Astora to Liverpool for twenty cents
a bushel less than a 1,000 ton vessel can
do from Portland, as the following figures
fully demenstrate:
A ship of 3,003 tons is worth $120,000
Interest, at 10 V- cent, for four months
(average passage) 4,000
Insurance at 12 "ft cent 4,S00
Depreciation at 10 ti cent 4,000
Captain, three mates, steward, and cook
Slot), 67o, $U0, So0, $40, $4U fi month... 1 ,M0
Twenty-four seamen (& S2o r month 2,400
Stores for voyage, 30 men at oUe iB day, 1,800
TORT CHAltGKS IX ASTOU'A.
Pilotage and towage, 23 feet S8 10 200
Stevedores' bill, U,)IZ tons & 40c 1,200
Dunnage 200
Port stores, etc 200
LIVKKl'OOLh'UAUUKS.
Pilotage and towage, 23 feet (. $10 230
Stevedore's bill, 3,rH)U tons 2-lc 750
Harbor fees, tonnage dues and dockago &00
tfyrt stores - 200
Total expense $ 22,400
Coxtk v :
By 3,000 tons (r Slo $45,000
Expenses deducted 22,1'jO
balance $ 22,olQ
A ship of 1,000 tons is worth S 00,000
Interest at 10 rr cent, and Insuranco &
12 rl cent, four months 4,400
Depreciation at 10 rfl cent 2,000
Wages Y month, for Captain 15U, two
mates $135.stcward $50.and 12 seamen
at $2") oach 2.5J0
Stores for 10 men at "c t day
JJtiO
1'iJ
20')
oO'J
190
050
100
PORT CHAItKKS IN ASTOKIA.
Pilotage and towage, 1U feet ?8 & 10 ...
Port stores and dunnage
Stevedore's bill, 1,000 tons (a 50c
MVKIU'OOL CHAHGKS.
Pilotage and towage, 15) feet & $10
Stevedore's bill(? 2-"e, harbor dues, ton
nage dues and dockage .".
Port stores
Total expenses 1? 11,753
Contka :
By 1.000 tons at Slo $ir,000
Expenses deducted 11.7S0
Ralancc S 3.24B
Or, a dividend of 19 per cent, on cost of
the larger bhip as againtt 5 per cent, on
that of the smaller. Or, to reduce both to
5 per cent., the 3,000 ton bhip will carry
wheat to Liverpool for over a third lets
than the 1,000 ton vessel; that is, 29 cents
against 45 cents per bushel. Add to this
the cost as above figured, incidental to
delays and river expenses of 4 cents per
bushel, and it gives a net gain of 20 cents
per bushel in favor of Astoria as an ex
porting harbor, and the employment of
such vessels as can safely cross the bar,
over the present arrangement of Portland
and small vessels. Twenty cents per
bushel on the estimated crop of the State
for 1S73, viz: 5,000,000 bushels, gives the
snug, little sum of 1,000,000 that the form
er should have for his labor. The above
figures are all substantially correct, and
tea tneir own siory.
It may be said that several large vessels
have loaded at Portland, but the Custom
House records show that of the twenty
vessels named below, comprising all the
vessels of any size that have sailed from
the river with wheat, from a fourth to
over one-half of the cargo was brought
down to Astoria in steamboats and here
put on board. And yet these records are
more favorable to the city of Portland
than the facts justify, for the reason that
in a number of instances, two or three
hundred tons was cleared from the Port
land Custom House as being on board
when in fact it was in lighters and steam
ers alongside of the ship, and towed down
to Astona before being placed on the ves
sel. List of vessels exporting wheat from
Oregon, showing amount ot bushels taken
on at Astoria and Pertland: -
Crop ov 1672.
1. . i
Ships.-
1S72
2
Zi,
July
Oct
11..
11..
Annie At. Sinull
Manilla
Navigator
Electra.
Lock Dee.
Siain
Forward, (bbls of flourj,
Red Deer.
7,V71i42,4'2
V22J)U4;21
' 14..
" U.
44 14..
Nov. 7..
' " 14..
" 21..
" SO..
Dec. 11..
" 17..
" 18..
1873.
Jan. I'?..
Feb. L.
" j-
" 17."
" 20..
7.359
20,522
7,7:1
H,7iU
7.17-3
1,7:S
10,177
22,177
2-,(!)7
J.200
2"i,501
Grasinerc.
20,0?2
5i7.
22,40i)s
Zouavo
Naworth
Channel Light
:,i!)7
2,503
8,403
17,170
21,755
Victoria Nyanza. :! 0.023
H,S00
UJ51 .
30,000
.i5,(J80
00,01
32,H83
24,:42
Juttwgton..... 14,880
Felix Mendelsohn. ...
Sarah Scott
11.37J
1,250
8,H12
J),0i)5
7,703
Roswell Spraguo.
March 8
4 10
lllione.
Carribdu
Victoria Cross. ,..
3,8J2S
4, Vessels "iiarked, thus, ()are knownTtohavoJ
iiiiiicivn- ujire iHauruiQ amount eretiitea
shnvfl. Z .11 LrlK-jf9VtJ r.J J . "J
The above tables pretty well illustrate
the extra cost of navigating the Columbia
by sailing craft, of any respectability.
Theouave for Instance carried 1700 tons
of wheat, taking on but 600 nt JPurtlrtncl,
and being detained sonic 20 days at this
pVt td redtive the remaining 1100 tonsi
Nowj compute" the demurrage for twenty
days time-, at 2o0 per day, a low price,
5,000i Add 82 50 per ton. (frieght per
Oi Si jtfi Co., steamboats), 2,750, mak
ing $7,750, seven dollars per ton, or twenty-one
cents per bushel,as the cost of plac
ing the balance of the ships cargo on board
at Astoria, after having already consum
ed ample time in Portland. Earmors
look this thing square in the face, and see
where your money goes.
Beaver Lodge No. 35, T. O. O.F.
&&' Meet every Thursday evening.
5g4at S o'clock, in the Odd Fellow's
?5$l&-? Hall, corner of Cass and Jefferson
"""" streets, Astoria. Members of the
Order are invited to attend. By order, N. G,
NK'W ADVERTISEMENTS.
NOTICE.
THE ASTORIA CHAMBER OF COM
mcrcc will hold a Special meeting at their
room to-day, Tuesday, September 2d, at two
o'clock i ji., for the transaction of important
business. Ly order of tuo President.
i). C. IllSLANJ), Secretary.
CRAND ENTERTAIfJNIENT
To tc.ke place ct
Haiiett's Hall, Cathlamet,
"Wednesday evening, Sept. 3d, 1873.
FliOF. COJSrItOY.
The Wizard of South. America !
WILL APPEAR fc
111 Ms M Feats of lap !
Confuting in part of
TIKE XilXDOO 3IYSTERY; or Instan
taneous Growth of Flewers: tho Magic
Chinese Wash-lino'tho Inexhaustible Egg Bag:
Fortunatus' Coin, and many other tricks of
Legerdemain for which he is celebrated.
)Tr7Doos onon at 8 o'clock; performance to
commence at 1 o'clock. Admission 50 cents:
Children half price. nu30td
SCHOOL BOOKS.
A
JTjl through tho newspapers of the State, tho
following named books have boon duly select
ed as tho authorized text books in tke branches
mentioned, in the Public Schools of Oregon,for
Pour years commencing Oct. 1 , 1S73.
Aritiimktic Thompson's New Gradod Series,
(including Now Mental for primary classes
Now Rudimonts and New Practical), and
Brooks' Normal Mental, for advanced classes
Gkogkaphy Montioth's Introduction to Man
ual, and Physical and Intermediate (both
Pacific Coast Edition).
Grammar Clirk's Jioginner's and Normal.
U.vitki) States HiSToio-Ramcs' Rrief His
tory. Gkn kim l HiSTony Peter Parley's Universal,
(for beginners).
Penmanship Spenccrian system and copies.
FOR SCHOOLS OF
IIlGITKR AlUTHMKTIC-
Highcr.
Gkom ktky Algebra
Harts'.
A1WANCED GRADES.
-Robinson's Progressive
-Brooks'; Composition,
Gknkrvl History Anderson's (advanced.
Physiology Steele's " Fourteen "Weeks."
Nvrural Philosophy Steele's "14 Weeks."
Chkmlstry Steele's "Fourteen "Weeks."
Botany Wood's Botanist and Florist.
Book Kkkping Bryant and Stratton's (High
School Edition).
Tho readers and spellers will bo solccted
about tho middle of September.
Tho law requires that tho books selected
shall bo introduced into all the Public Schools
of tho State, " on or beforo the first day of Oc
tober, 187.." But tho act, (owing to an inad
vertent omission in framing it), did not go into
effect until throe months after tho. close of tho
session, and as there has been some unavoida
ble delay from other causes, the text-books
havo been adopted at so lato a day that it
would bo a hardship upon tho patrons of tho
schools to insist upon having the introduction
of tho " authorized" scries completed by tho
day nanicel in tho law. Under these circum
stances the State Board of Education has con
cluded to take tho responsibility of extending
tho time so as to secure tho gradual introduc
tion of tho books that havo boon adopted.
I Hence, though it will bo expected and required
that all the Public Schools of the State shall
begin in good faith " on or beforo October 1st,
1S7.V (if tho books can Do procured by that
time), to introduco tho " authorized" series,
they will bo allowed until March 1st, 1874,
to complete tho introduction. (By the ordfiii
of tho Superintendent of Public Instruction for
tho State of Oregon.)
In tho meantimo, let District Directors,
Teachers, and all othors having authority, soo
to it that tho books which havo boon selected
are introduced as rapidly as possible, Alter
October 1st, 187.5, tho purchase of any other
books, for uso in Public Schools, than thoso
named above, is most strictly forbiddon
" And any District neglecting to so provide
for tho introduction of tho 'authorized' series
of text books, shall forfeit its proportion of tho
School fund for tho succeeding year, and overy
year thereafter until all of said series aro in
troduced," (School Laws, Section 12).
. W.A.TENNEY,
Superintendent of Schools
an3Qt. ' . for Clatsop County.
HALL,S).PATE4T
Fire and
urg
iAFES !
A NUMBER OF THESE SUPERIOR Safes
can now bo seen tit'tho Agricultural store
of Knapii, Bun-ell ic Co., Portland. Tho Hall
safes aro superior to any now in use, are abso
lutely lire proof Books and papers deposited
in tho Hall safes, aro warranted not to mould.
Thcso Safes all havo t
Kal's Patent Combination LocKI;
Without either Key or-Koy-holo.
Prices Ninety Dollarsaud Upwards!
. tt3Many leading house? in tho Stato have
.already been "supplied with thcso safes, and'
over $70,000 worth havo been sold to prominent
!vBa"hkers, Merchants and County officials, in
'California. WMW3.' WIESH1KE, "
Agent Pacific Branch, Hall's Safo
a2Stf and Lock Co,, San Francisco
AUCTIONEERS.
Oscar Kilbourn,
AUCTIONEER Offico 40 First stM Portland.
A. B. ItlGHARDSON. m S. I. If. OILMAN.
A. B Richardson.
ArCTItSNEEll Corner of Front and Oak sts.,
Portland, Oregon. Auction Sales of Real
Estato, Groceries, General Merchandise and
Horses. Sales Wednesday and Saturday.
C3Larse assortment of Groceries, Liquors,
ote., at Private Sale. Liberal advances made
on consignments. A. 13. RICHARDSON
Charles S. Wright,
AUCTIONEER Cor of Main and Chenamus
Streets, Astoria. Gootls received on consign
ment and sold to the highest bidder.
PROFESSIONAL CARDS.
O. P. XASON,
ATTORNEY AT LA1V,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
KS Land Cases and Titles a specialty .":a
DR. S. W. DODD
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
ASTORIA, OREGON.
Dk. A. D. ELLIS,
PHYSICIAN" AND SURGEON
Ofiico on Stark Street, Portland, Oregon
W2kT. L. McEYVAN,
RESIDENT ATTORNEY,
Astoria, Okegon.
H. D. PARKER,
JUSTICE OF THE PEACE,
ASTURIA, OREGON.
ffS" Always Ready for Business.'"
A. VAN DUSEtf,
NOTARY PUBLIC,
ASTOKIA, Obegox.
II.H.NOETHUP,
ATTOHNEY AT LAW,
(Register in Bankruptcy),
Skfice In Holmes' Building, Portland.
KUUMJBIE5 fc GILBERT,
ARCHITECTS AND DRAUGHTSMEN,
INVENTOR'S EXCHANGE,"
Crco's Building Portland, Oregon.
R-jTTho Best Counsel; tho Best Draughs
men; the Best Model Workmen, and best
Patent Agent at Washington; the only reliable
placo to got your intentions put through in
short notice.
STEAMERS, STAGES AND SLOOPS
U. S. MAIL AND EXPRESS.
Mia'toCramBeacl
Past HORSES! Good CARRIAGE!
EAVES ASTORIA EVERY TUESDAY.
Thursday and Saturday Mornings.
Arrsvo Same Mornings at the
OCEA" HOUSE,
GRIMES HOUSE,
SUMMER HOUSE,
And SEA SIDE HOUSE.
RETURNING Leaves those Houses ovory
Monday, Wcdnosday and Friday, connecting
with steamer to Portland each way.
3" Distance twenty-four miles, faro Si oO.
11. B. PARKER, Proprietor.
The Steam Tug Varuna
Will leave Astoria every
TUESDAY and SATURDAY
Morning, for
EOIIT STEVENS,
- CAPE DISAPPOINTMENT,
And UNITY,
Carrying Mails, Passengers and Freight.
t3u OtheT days of the week she will be ready
to go anywhero that business may justify. Is
prepared to lighter cargoes, freight, hay, cattle
and wood. J. 11. D. GRAY Agent, Astoria.
Oregon Steam ftiav. Co
flTOTICE Roats of tho 0. S.
JSSfc
jfc
N. Company will leave As
toria as follows :
FOR PORTLAND, and intermediate points
Daily, every Morning (Sundays excepted),
at li o'clock. Returning, leave Pertland:
FOR ASTORIA, and intermediate points On
Daily, every Morning (Sundays excepted),
at 0 o'clock. J. O. A1NS WORTH, Pros
ONLY REGULAR PACKET BETWEEN
ASTORIA AND CLATSOP..
Carrying the U. S- IFflail!
The well known shop 'r
MARY H., Si
L W POOLE : Master
Leaves Clatsop every Mdnday, "Wednesday
and Friday, on arrival of Stages, conneccting
at Astoria with tho steamer Dixie Thompson.
Returning, leaves Astoria every Tuesday,
Thursday and Saturday, connecting with the
Coaches for' tho Beach. Extratrips in ado to
accommodate tho traveling public. ;
FOE SKIPAXOX L-ADISG.
kN AND AFTER THIS DATE, UNTIL
further notice, the side wheel steamer
Mary BelL
J. N. FISHER.
i.MASTER,
"VilI leave Astoria,daily,
On tho arrival of steamersJrom Portland car
rying PASSENGERS and BAGGAGE to tho
Skipanon Landing, connecting with .STAGES
FOR THE SEASIDE HOUSE!
and all point on Clatsop Plains? Returning,
will leavo Skipanon same evening. . '"3
JfcsJ'For fceight or passage apply on board, or
to F. C. feONDON,
Astoria, July Hth, 187b. I lavcl's Vharf.
4ySij3
J
K&W Ai)YEBTISEIENTS;
Badger'8 flusie Store
Sole Agency for f!i
li'endlnir Instruments of She " WorM
HALLETT, BAYIS & GO.'
PIANOS I'""--
POWERFULLY CONSTRUCTED, Highly
finished and elegantly designed. Acknowl
edged by tho greatest living I ianists Liszt,
l'ubenstoin and Leutner to be the most re
markable Pianos in e.istance for Power,
Sweetness. Durability, Rrilliancy and Perfec
tion of Touch
GMGE WOOD'S &C0.'
(Boston)
Wonderful Cabinet,
ORGANS!
The most important invention of tho day ca
pable of producing immense power, as well as
ovory shade of delicate musical expression.
&7" Call and examine beforo purchasing.fi"tt
W. K. BADGER
No. 113 Third Street, (near tho Postottlcc),
Portland, Oregon. -
Established Twenty-two Years.
S. J. McOormick,
PITBLISHEE:
Franklin Book Store!
BOOKSELLER AND STATIONER,
19 First Street, Portland, Oregon.
Conbtuntly on Hand, a full Stook of
STANDARD SCHOOL BOOKS,
And Stajilc Stationery
J. K. G-ill & Co.,
r
(Successors to G, A. Steel & Co.,)
IMPORTERS:
"WHOLESALE A2?D RETAIL DEALERS IX
BOOKS AND STATIONERY. '
No. 7o First street, bet Washington and Stark
PORTLAND, OREGON.
THE ONLY"
ManufacturingHouse
jki
IX OKECJOX.
Fiskel & Koberts,
Corner Eirtt and "Washington Streets,
PORTLAND, OREGON.
FASHIONABLE CLOTHIER
AX3 3f AXXJFACTURERS.
-.'it
THE BEST VALUE
FOB
,TIIE LEAST MONEY,
R. C. JAXION.
Liverpool.
J ANION, ItnODKS & CO.,
Victoria, B. C.
Janioii & Ehod.es,
Importers and Commission Merchants.
Front Street, Portland.
Lloyd's Agents for Oregon
THE PIONEER ENGLISH HOUSE IN
tho city, and the founders of a direct lino
of Clipper Ships betwoenLivcrpool and Port
land, offer for salo tho largest assortment of
General Merchandise
,, 4 . In Portland.. .
nent'
VVm louiiffci
hurg ale; Gilroy Brothers &?Cb.'s Dundee
uraiu ouuks, wotufcuuKS ana Jijunaps.
$gr Sole Agents . for Blood, Wolfe &
Co's : Celebrated brand of ale and Stout;
Ind, Coope & Co.'s Geleb'ratiKl Bmton
alef Ym iUcE-vanrs Celebrated Edinb'urj
aie; vvorxningion's j-iiverpooi alt; Hock
in, "Wilson & Co'd Celebrated London
JPieklea and Sauces; J & J Lrmkteads
,ueieDaiea jurnam Mustard; J Oc H l
Grimondrs Celebrated Dundee Hemp Alrtt-
iuig'Uiiu:ourpuiiiig, wsure uurimg CCTUO?
Citrates and JDrugstDunville's Irish Wlri.-
Ljcy; Stewart's Scotch "Whik:y;Hill, ESan
co jvs jiiiigjis-n jMiui vinegar; jNoble's cq
Hoare's London Varnishes; John Fowler
& Cos Celebrated Steam Plows. aul2
"Appointqd Agents" for J'&' R, Tcn-
s Cfilehrated brand of Ale and Stout;
oc Uo's Uelebrated iidm-