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About Wallowa chieftain. (Joseph, Union County, Or.) 1884-1909 | View Entire Issue (July 17, 1902)
WALLOWA CHIEFTAIH. KOl'SE ROE, Publish ENTERPRISE OREGON. It Is rep TteJ that Russell Sage has become a vegetarian. Eventually no American town will be without a sanitarium. When a wi.-e man knows anything worth telling he keeps t; to himself. , Even the Czar is thinkiug about re forms; but not till his people are m revolt. (live a man half a change an 1 he will tell t.f a grudge he Las ugaius: soine other man. Women uot oniy wan: the last word, hut they wan: the las: chapter. That Is why they rea i the back of the book first. Joseph was u,: a real c.ipta:n of in dustry. He d.du't tw:s: the screw when the other fellows were calling for help. We very niU'-h douht the success of the reported a::e:r.pt to form a lobster trust. The supply is too large to tie "cornered." If the Hon. James Hogg ever lie comes Sevretary of State, we are euun deLt that Le will not be referred to as "Little lii'eeche?." "F.e virtuous an 1 you will be weal thy." says Uncle liussell tsige wUicu Is a rather sevo.e reliectiou on some mighty g:,ud people. A Cleveland preacher has discovered that the recently developed love for sports here in America is a sign of degeneracy, liown with the mud died oats'. Mis Mary MacLaue is able to sym pathize to some es.eut with the man who committed suicide because be was "tired of tiie everlasting buttoning and unbuttoning." The fratricidal tragedy in New York by which oue man euineut in letters and oue in athletics died premature deaths was caused by a father s Injus tice. No man should carry his hatreds to his grave. A Kansas editor has decided that when a man merely lias a hook and line in the river uu Sunday and isn't catching anything he is not hilling. That may be true, but if he has a gun on his shoulder, and is merely wander ing around In search of game he is bunting. "Pshaw, you're afraid'." "Yes, I ami I'm afraid of be.ng sorry and it's the only thing I'm afraid of in this world!" It was a scrap of a street conversation, and the two girls who spoke were out of sight before the words had died on the air. But one listener, at least, was stronger for having heard them. Years ago a man bearing the name of John Smith had it changed to Gaga dig Gigadab, which name he selected because it was as unlike John Sniitu as he could possibly get it. And now an Englishman, one I'amlico Tickles, has had his name changed to John Smith. There is no accounting for tastes. The average American business man la like a cat. Throw him up and he lights on his feet. They tell the story of a life insurance agent in Chicago who was taken sick and carried to a hospital. He employed his leisure boars in persuading his nurse to take ont an Insurance policy and his share of the premium paid his own bill for at tendance. Social intercourse would less fre quently engender hard feeling If all would observe the rule, which the Sen ate adopted recently: "No Senator In debate shall, directly or indirectly, by any form of words, impute to another Senator, or to any other Senators, any conduct or motive unworthy or unbe coming a Senator; no Senator in de bate shall refer offensively to any State of the Union." This means simply that the Senators must behave as gentle men. It is fair to them to say that nios,t of them observed the rule before It was formally adopted. The latest maps of British East Af rica designate an arm of the great Victoria Nyanza as Ugowe Bay. The origin of the name was recently told by Sir Henry Stanley. When, twenty seven years ago, he was making a chart of the lake shores, he came upon a spacious bay. Calling to a native on shore, he asked the name of the place. After repeated Inquiries came a faint answer which sounded like "You go 'way." An attempt of the Interpreter met with the same response, and Stan ley humorously accepted the answer to mark the spot. It continues in the maps as Ugowe. England is being so rapidly despoil ed of her art treasures by American capital that the curator of one of the famous collections sounds a note of warning. The man who owns a fa mous picture Is in a certain sense a trustee for England, be declares; be fore he selU the canvas to an Ameri can millionaire be should offer It to the British nation, or to a local museum, or to "a collector permanently domiciled In England." Yet consideration for the "rights' of Continental nations does not seem to have withheld Englishmen from acquiring the very works of Titian, Raphael. Velasquez, Van Dyke and other masters that are at the bottom of the preseut pother: and If the argu ment of lo,-al:ty applies In tUe one in stance. It should apply In the others. The logical truth, however, is that a great work of art belongs to the world. Si. lone as it :s properly takeu care of and is made accessible to persons who wish to study It. the place where it Is kept is only a detail. Moreover. It is as easy for an Englishman to come over here to see It as It is for an Ameri can to go to England for the same purpose. A scientific writer in American Medi r;ue pays a glowing tribute to the hair pin. He hi.ds that it is of almost in estimable value to the surgeon, who can use it "to pin bandages, to remove foreign bodies from any natural puss age, as a curette for scraping away soft material, to compress a blood vessel in controlling a hemorrhage, and to close a wound." In addition to these uses, the gentleman has used the hairpin to probe wounds and to wire boues to gether in cases of fracture. But It is not in surgery only that the hairpin Is u-e.'ul. It may take the place of a suspender button or help out when an auvuiobile breaks de-wu. Perhaps if the truth were known many a locutno tive has lueu heid together, at a pinch. by a hairpin, and we are aot surprised I that the writer for American Medicine j suggests that it would uiways be well I for man to carry a supply of hairpins in his pocket. Su' h a practice would un doubtedly' nave important advantages, bur there is a b-ttu au.l more pleasant plan. If it could lie fco arranged that a man might always have at least one ci mpauii tiabie lady near him the hign est usefulness of the hairpin might be developed. Men are. alter all, but bunglers when they endeavor to use this delicate instrument. I'or the best results from the hairpin, therefore, it is cheerfully recommended that the lady be takeu along. More than usual interest has lately ben directed to the matter of pure food. The action of Germany in excluding .foreign meats on which boric acid has been used Is economically Important because of the large quantity of meats which the United States now ships to that country. These, the American packers say. must be treated with a small quantity of boric acid, or else b much more heavily salted. The amount of boric acid used is said by American chemists to be harmless, and eminent German chemists have expressed .ue same opinion. To the German govern ment, however, it makes a difference whose ox is treated with boric acid. The government prohibits the use of this preservative iu food prepared for home consumption, yet permits it in potted meats put up for export, on the theory, apparently, that It Is danger ous to the German stomach, but safe euough for foreigners. France takes a similar view in regard to vegetables, permitting the export without restric tion of canned vegetables colored green by the use of copper, but forbid ding their sale at home except when the fact of the use of copper and the quantity of it are stated on the label. The action of Germany has naturally set the authorities at Washington to thinking nbout measures of self-protection. The United States is now the only civilized nation without adequate pure food laws, and has therefore become the dumping-ground for misbranded and adulterated articles. The Secretary of Agriculture lias authority to forbid the importation of articles of food which are Injurious to health, but he has hitherto hesitated to set up dog matic standards upou points open to controversy. It seems simple enough, however, to decline to receive from other countries the things which they will not let their own people eat. Involuntary Stage Humor. Robert Edeson, the actor, tells this story of the stage: "I've seen and heard a good many funny things in the way of plays and play actors in my time, but the greatest thing 1 ever saw or heard was in Milwaukee. This was several months ago. It was in one of the museums there. The mu seum had a stock company In its the ater, and its great specialty was bor der drama. Every week they gave a new drama of the wild and woolly West. This piny that I saw was a hlood-curdler of that character, and at the time I dropped in at the theater the stage was pitch dark and two men were fighting a duel. 1 could hear the knives clash together and hear the men stumble around the stage, but I could only faintly distinguish the forms of the actors. After a while there was a thump on the floor, and the villain (I knew It was the villain by bis accent) hissed: 'Ah, ha! Rudolph Teghering ton, I have you now nnd no one nigh to see me do the deed" Then the drum mer hit the bass drum a belt and the calcium man turned on the light and away up on a rocky pass a woman (the heroinei wos seen standing. 'Cow ard!' she shouted; 'me and heaven is here! " "L'Ktat, CEt MoL" Doubtless the late Li Hnng Chang bad heard of the famous saying, quoted above. Imputed to Louis XIV., "I am the State." The French king probably never uttered the sentence. But Gen eral James H. Wilson attributes to LI a sentiment quite as devoid of humility. The story is told In the New York Sua In the negotiations carried on with the representatives of the foreign pow ers while the Chinese court was In flight, a Western representative asked: "Who Is the Chinees government?" "I am the Chinese government," the statesman replied. "Where are your credentials?" "I am the Chinese government," re- pented LI, "and my character la my ere-' dentiaU." , BLOOD-SOAKED CUBA. ISLAND HAS AT LAST BECOME HER OWN MISTRESS, History of the Island Is One of Con tinual liioodahctl -Liberty Achieved After a CtrucKle Lasting Four Ccn turiee A Prize Icarly Boucht. I BA. after four centuries of almost continual struggle through starvation, misery, torture and death, has at last reached Its cher ished goal of lib erty. With the casting off of the old fetters and the establishment of a democratic form of government, renewed hope and ambi tion have llcoded the hearts of the Cubans, and if they promote their fu ture advancement with the same de gree of unfaltering persistency that has marked their strife for freedom, the ultimate success of the island republic is assured. Since the departure of Columbus, the history of Cuba has been oue of inces- TYPICAL SCENE IN sant bloodshed. Her natives were of mild disposition, happy temperament ami easily satisfied. They did not re sent the coming of the Spaniards, but extended to them a hand of generous hospitality. The invaders abused this good feeling, however, and began at om-e an unparalleled system of op pression, which coutinued for centuries Rapine, pillage, torture and butchery fell upou the unfortunate Islanders. The Cubans had ouly bows and arrows, pointed with fish bones, nnd clubs hard ened by tire, with which to resist the Spanish hordes, armed with muskets and cannon. Their defense was inade quate, and an endless stream of their life-blood poured over the fertile land of their birth. Before the attacks of their powerful antagonists they gradually faded away c CfBA.X COUNTRY DWELLINO. STREET SCENE IN HAVANA. and each day became less able to carry on the fight. Their lands were wrested from them and parceled out to the in vaders; the captured natives being en slaved as tillers of the soil. Unused to hard labor In the fields, the captives weakened and died, until at the end of fifty years' persecution it is estimated that DOOrOW of the original population had disappeared. All the horrors of Spanish rule in Italy and the Dutch countries were repeated in Cuba with Increased zest and enlarged systems of oppression and cruelty. The aborigines being practically exterminated, the same cruel treatment wad visited on the Spanish colonists themselves and upon the negroes who bad been import ed as slaves. In the course of 200 years the population was again reduced until only about 50,000 persons remained. Practically prisoners of war. the Cubans had little knowledge of the ontside world, except that gained from the pirates who continually plundered Cuba and the neighboring Islands, mak ing that region the headquarters of a vast fleet of buccaneers that ravaged Cuban waters for two centuries. The pirates burned the towns and made des olate the coasts, bat Spain would neither protect her colony nor allow the people to arm themselves in self-defense. The Turning- Point. The capture of Havana by the Eng lish and their eleven months' rule was undoubtedly an important point In the life of Cuba. During the short period of English government the Cuban ports were opened to foreign trade, and for the first time the people realized the extent of their resources, and the mer- ciless manner in which they had been robbed of their earnings. But the era of prosperity was short, as the English soou turned the island over to Spain and the old system of persecution was resumed. However, the Cubans bad breathed the air of comparative freedom, and they saw the possibilities of the Island under hon est government. Instilled with a new born ambition for freedom, the Cubans carried on secret arrangements for a general uprising, and the fifty years following the few months of English occupancy witnessed a succession of revolutions. Thes came the Ten Years' War. from ISiIS to 1ST3, followed by another uprising In 1SS5. and then the final struggle beginning Feb. 24. 1SU5. which resulted In the overthrow of Spanish rule In America by the United Stares and Cuban forces. Cuba may drink of the cup of free dom now. but how dearly It was pur chased. The first era of Spanish reign, with Its system of slavery, cost Cuba 5i.ixki lives and hundreds of millions of treasure collected In gold dust. In the Ten Years' War. 40.000 Cuban lives were sacrificed and more than a billion dollars spent, besides the confiscation of some 13.000 estates. In the same war Spain lost 200,0410 men and a vast sum nf money. The final struggle cost Spain llitutoo men and more than a hundred millions In cash, while Cuba gave up v r , CUBA'S INTEKIOK. half a million lives through starvation alone. VALUE OF BERMUDA ISLANDS. They Occupy for Ilucland a Singularly Commanding Position. Imperial England knows what she Is about. Those islands ithe Bermudas) besides being used as a garrison for her troops and a safe-land-locked har bor for her warships, are a link In the chain that connects her American prov inces In Canada and Nova Scotia with her possessions in the West ludies. The Bermudas occupy for her, politically and commercially, a singularly com manding and an unrivaled position, says a correspondent of the New York .Mall and Express. Spnin parted with Cuba because she was forced to, nnd she sold to the American nation the Philippine Islands for a mess of pottage. Denmark, fol lowing suit, for a few million kroner, made over to us her West India pos sessions. Catch England parting with the Bermudas: She would no more let them go thnu she would give up her great strongholds In the Mediter ranean Sea, Malta and the luvincible, unyielding rock of Gibraltar. No pow er will ever wrest them from her not one foot of ground until she has lost every ship and her last .drop of blood. Xo: instead of parting with any of her colonies her policy is to increase them. Nor will England permit emigration to or an Increase In the population of her garrison towns Bermuda. Gibral tar and Malta. With some precaution ary' measures she will allow sightseers and tourists to enter Gibraltar, but strangers may not settle there perma nently; uor may an alien own a foot of ground in the Bermudas. She wants only British subjects In these places, and even British subjects are not al lowed to vote In Bermuda unless they own real estate there. Doctor for a Milk Company. The latest addition to the staff of a fully equipped London milk company Is a doctor. He Is specially employed to watch over the company's infant customers. What Is one baby's milk is another baby's poison, and this com pany's doctor is there to prescribe how much and of what Btrength the daily tipple shall consist. No charge is made; the perplexed mother sends a postcard or calls the company up on the tele phone, and round comes the doctor. A Transatlantic Mail. A trans-Atlantic steamer carrying what is called "a full mall" usually brings 200,000 letters and 300 sacks or newspapers for London, to say nothing of the 500 and odd sacks for other places. Aged Criminal (who has just got a life sentence) Oh, me lud, I shall never live to do It! Judge (sweetly Never mind. Do as much of It as you can!" Punch. An ounce of keep-your-mouth-shut Is ofen worth a pound of explanation. Judge. - .".Mil- T-ji- ,-- nilt WHAT A VOLCANO IS. ONE OF THE STRANGEST EARTH'S PHENOMENA. OF Cause Which Lead to Great Seismic Iiturbance that Have Proven a Menace to Life Since the Beginning of Time. The recent appalling catastrophe In the Island of Martinique In which many thousands of lives were lost, owing to a volcanic eruption of Mount Pelee, naturally turns the minds of many to the consideration of these strange phenomena of nature which have been a menace to life since the beginning of time. To the geologist and scientist volcanic eruptions have long been a most interesting problem and a source of constant Investigation. There is every evidence to prove that tuese eruptions extend back through ages and ages of the world's life. In ah parts of the earth lire fouud moun tains and other land formations which are the result of long protracted erup tions of volcanoes. Eminent authorities differ ns to the exact cause of these eruptions, seem ingly from the bowels of the earth. 1 he generally accepted opinion, how ever, is tlint the metallic bases of the earth when brought into contact with the waters of the ocean react violently, generating a great amount of heat, causing steam and giving rise to the elements of the silicated minerals which make up the volcanic rocks and which nrc elected from the aliening in the earth's surface. The gaseous products or vapors arising from this internal commotion are of sutllcient strength to rend the earth's crust, thus causing earthquakes and a way of es cape for the solid and liquid materials which are belched from the earth's in terior. Volcanic activity, though it be continuous, differs very much In de gree at different times. Nearly all of the active volcanoes have times of rel ative repose, interrupted often at great intervals by periods of increased ac tivity which terminate In n violent eruption. Thus It will be seen that oftentimes that which Is called an ex tinct volcano is but a seething, roar ing mass of burning lava below the surface which finally bursts forth and in many instances with appalling loss of life. Whatever the remote cause of a vol canic eruption may have been it is dif ficult to believe that the Immediate cause can be anything but a gigantic explosion of steam in the bowels of the earth. It is known tlint water penetrates to considerable depths lu the earth, even In the middle of conti nents. This water goes as deep as the gradually Increasing heat of the planet will permit it to do while retaining the liquid form. When, however, it encounters heat sufficient to liquefy solid bodies. It is changed Into super heated steam-a thing whose resistless power defies the mightiest bonds, nnd even the rocky crust of the enrth can not withstand the explosive energy that Is thus brought to bear upon it. The question often arises as to why these explosions do not occur any where. Sometimes they do and then we have a new volcano. Ordinarily, however, the explosion occurs through the vent or throat of an already exist ing volcano, because the weakest points, or lines, in the earth's crust are the places where Hew fissures ure like ly to be formed, and along these lines of weakness the volcanoes stand like rows of safety valves or chimnevs. On the American continent modern volcanoes are limited to the Pacific slope, along which they may be traced almost continuously from Cape Horn to Alaska. Great numbers of volca noes occur throughout the Andes -iountains, in South America. There some nttain Immense heights, such as Catopaxi. in Peru, which reaches an elevation of 19.500 feet above the level of the sea. The volcanoes of Central America and of Mexico are numerous and conspicuous. Throughout the Aleutian Islands, on the north, the belt of volcanoes iu Western America is connected with those of Kamchatka which, with those of Kuriles. In Japan and of the Philippines, form a chain of volcanic vents to the East Indian archipelago. Thus It will be seen that a complete circle of volcanoes sur rouuds the Pacific Ocean. This Is a noticeable fact in the history of vol canoes-their general linear arrange ment Volcanoes differ greatlyamong them selves, not only In dimensions, but in he degree of their activity, the quan tity and quality of materials ejected from them, and the continuous or In termittent character of their action lor more than 2,0o0 years, fr i stance, the volcano Stromboli. in the Mediterranean, has been constant? discharging lava. Vesuvius, on the other hand, had lain dormant for ages prior to the beginning of the Christian era. when Its discharges of lav and ashes burled the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. v and The many formations 0f iand throughout the world which are h result of volcanic eruptions are tlrl ly composed of lava. This matetiat which, during its exit from the Sh of the volcano resembles " mass, is but finely ground partlc of rock. Its passage from the crate? o mouth of the volcano, ,8 arreted by the cooling process of air. The ,i ual accumulation of these ejected n terials form a succession of , Ss tl sembl.ng earth, which account Z the conical shape of those volcanoes which arise from the surface Z T sea. Volcanoes which are located 5n the mountains resemble otberTofTh on.y at the top. JJ matter which Is contained In tb of a volcano Is oftentimes of rrj value, as for instance, the copperrh2? Ing stratum about Lake Bupnw which bears evidence of having w discharged from an active volcano it some remote period. ESSENCE OF GOOD TIMES OF OUj Klaboratetiema of Modern Fonctl.. Npoila the Fun. "Did you ever think how complice good times are nowadays?" asked oa middle-aged man of another. "Reaim. ber what good times we used to tart without any previous spread or ctrt mony? Well, those days were norti living in. When I watch my children trying to enjoy themselves it positlrriy makes me tired. Everything is go ,llJ(j. led, so elaborate, so mechuutcaL Tike my daughter Grace for Instance. Bbe receives an Invitation to an 'Infonml whist party.' What does she do? Do she act pleased and dance around u her mother would have done twenty five years ago? No, Indeed. "Oh, both, er! What shall I wear? If I R0 pIe simply got to get a new gown,' is wtut she says, and for the next week she a breaking her neck to get the rig resdj. The affair comes off and she comet home, and half the time she says the was bored to death. The fault Isn't with her, for the next day a gang of ber friends come In and lyr scraps of eon versntion which drift to my ears I know they were all bored. She is about the overage type of girl. and. no ow talking, she isn't having the fun ber mother had. If she Is Invited to a real ly formal function K'b enough to hini the whole bouse upside down. She doesn't get any real pleasure out of it at all, aside from the excitement, eith er. It's the Rnme with my son John. But I won't go into details about John; only, when he even takes a girl to the theater his pocketbook looks as If m elephant had stepped on it ufterward. There's violets and carriages, and i dozen other fool things, while If It's anything more pretentious than the theater well, my check book sullen. Hou't care about the money if the bor really had n good time, but he doesn't It's nil right to talk about this being the age of the young person, hut It's uoL We used to get up simple. Im promptu little nffairs. Invite a congenial crowd and no tomfoolery about it Eten a picnic now is a state banquet In com parison with the good old larks we used to have. These poor, blase, modern youngsters may be pushing us old fel lows to the wall a bit with their pre cocious cleverness, but. oh, my, they are missing a lot, just the same. Say, do you remember that little dance at " But at this point in the conversation the niiddle-ngcd man struck a remin iscent mood, so any more Ideas which he happened to possess on the modem good time were left unsaid. But there Is a lot in what he did say, now, Isn't there? Hartford Times. THRABHED I 15 BOYS. The Herculean Labor of on OUI-Tuw Virginia richonlmaster. A Connecticut schoolmaster thrashed forty-nine scholars iu one day, and u Nutmeg State papers are bragging that he broke the record. He may have broken the modern record, but not that of the "better days of the republic." Just before the war between theStatw the late Uichard Anderson more thaa doubly overtopped the Coniiectkot man's performance. It was when he was classical assistant to William Dab ney Stuart, whose schooliionse was da the north side of Clay street, between r.th nnd tith. Stuart wus sick, and "Old Dick," as the assistant was af fectionately called for he was as fin a man as ever lived was running things aloue. The boys, about 115 In nunibef, In dulged in a concerted and excess!' outburst of hilarity and devilment, and Anderson vowed by the shades of wine dozen or more Latin and Greek authors that If they repeated it he would wal lop the whole party. We did repeat it, and Anderson, who had expected the repetition, nnd armed himself with bundle of switches cut from the trees in the yard of the German Lutheran Church on (ith street, proceeded to keep his vow In fust and furious style. The scholars ranged in age from 1 . to li and 18 years, and not one es caped. It was a circus while It lusted. and the yowls and lnughter evoked by the occasion might have lieen beard squares off. When the last of the boy had been dressed down Anderson was so exhausted that we had to turn l and fan him with Mitchell's atlases to preveut him from fainting. Richmond Uispateb. Another "rhiu.Piil" Jnke. Everybody who has been behind the scenes at Weber and Fields' km that the game of checkers whiles away the time harwnon anta fru- the nrintr pal performers. Frlte Wllllim took turn with Joe Weber the oth jr ew- ing and lost hIt Ktralchr trnmen. "I can't understand It," said William. "I never played more carefully-mof KfMAnti fifnll tt l t ,nd hMt swept me oat of existence. It's J"1 your Jew luck that did It" "Which nroro runnlit tVcbCf- "that Jew luck is better than ChristM science." New York Times. Unnecessary Knowledge. Annt Sarah in RnlnutorY Now. dear yon would only watch me closely y ITllfrht loam hnw niwint Little Bessie Oh, I'm going to uuimea wnen I grow upl rucn. A boy Ms asked: "What is B Her He gave this answer: "A lie l abomination unto the Lord, aud an ev present help In time of need. How often "coolness" develops tween friends.