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About Wallowa chieftain. (Joseph, Union County, Or.) 1884-1909 | View Entire Issue (May 8, 1902)
1 WALLOWA CHIEFTAIN. k"l SE X EOE, Publishers. ENTZR?5 . . ORJaGO -S. W:.e- -----:--hr. c . Is a v.. : : - - tl -- a-- u.t a. .- st.ra--i " -" ': - -- maa -r - f - k ;g -r a. i b sorry h--a . s rt :. -.-. i" Ca.-T.- t: t-yt L.-,.: r : i.us tdat he . : - - g the r .ss. -la r.r it is r.ear.y -. u-n. c::j 0:ng-es.-:. n : se-e-au e.-- .. : tr-.f-.i-i :-- ; ir;z-l s hi " e fir i -1 e - ; hec.af -..at - uuu-t g' i Jong r-s: r t is-:-:h Z'. :. a c .-- .a e .u -n..- : r-s.a---r-.ite I! :r.-- tc Ut rr i. . ill trs.-D'l r.-:v-? W dir -s-i-- a: teg to f :r-: n: ; . i J or 2. jtL two cta.r ii .r. ;ux; vz to t'aom L.: w r.; - :: .s cur lite tiiji c?7i a a su;-s:.ol i- atirrpr.s t' :e.-f: r. -!.. L"Site te to: re;irout For :.s rfa-.-t :: : els. Iadiitrs. r;-s. s:..Ld p.;-.. i.;a. The Eostou Glu: i whether "the v.-, t uiu.os. No ne who ever Lea.ri a xi o.d Nw England jrr&niaiu:i.er ;a tae doorway aaii sir. 'Now. eiUtlrea. you come r.git in to your r...-:uais." cou.d ijuefitioi tiie mu.c ;a z'iz voice for an liisian:. A citizen o: Frat.ii.,r rcAzy. has buea:tel to ziat c::y :a sux o; f t tuadrci taousand ars. :a ;atre: upon it tc ue-i x r-r--ar:i5 rpr: liig the cause o ia r. i: :s prorxio.e liit mere wi.ci .u .airtrtt ir.r aui e'? where has ri.a: purp-- in v.e-a- tia at izj prev.c-u :.ai. Tie r.ux;-as J tii qu.: la'rat-jrT are .'jutra-st Vita ta T.rtor.- ni i.e tuuLerouj tittle-ieli. tct ri.o asiU ay ttat .Le coacnert-r oi 7.r;3 d.jie ! tat oru.y tv i-e ri:.iI wlvi: ti. world tjreitat j - en - It wouli t itt'irrw.u.? to kn-w ja.?t kow tie laJiaa? iTOix.yc.zt la Luia?r now witi. wtt. 'ii-y were ia tae tirae ef Co'.cctcs. Oa r-.-ea: wri:-r ays that ty IjV.' ta As. .-a a Iui2.as wm be ei-..ac- -lll aar.t-r ::: as serts it reply :aa; :h Wst aa:arltl twlieT taer- arv qu.:e a a-iny la iaxji new as ti.re ivere Ijcr Luadre i years a;o. Eves t:.ura :ic is wr.:er n.ay I wnt. it Oj'js tot sea as the rt rrocid be whjl.y r.ga- far the laa.a is fv,-utly aot :ae race that caa be w;pU ou: ,? es.stea ;e la taat letj:b -if tiai. The prr'p-'.necl is'Laait .ta!. wt!-b-ever rout ;s itle-.-fMl. : Lave far reach. as ff-Lt.- u;r;a ocuaa tmap-jr-taa.ua. The size of ::s io. wi;. p.vb ably so: a l:a.i: to the ipla :aie::: vt the fre. f.-.-aa.sa.ps .ae wori-i. for few inrj would waa; ve-U ; -yj iae to sc. tbr&asc s- 5a:pvr. aa: aa ar;ery of traffic. If h- Paaaa.a rua U cbos-t it do s-cetb;tg to hast en the tlevl.ae of sallic; retiK-i by coo.;.aria-ja wr.h steinisLlps. i-cua of the re;-; -a of caitas or. the ws: aide of I'aaacia. wh. a aoalj pu; a- a preat d.saUvariUs a bva: JvpLJa: ca the w.aiis. Cas;c waat.rj to tt.w ""cjrjE what oeat dota this tar Caesar f;-tl taat h. U grown so great." S-,a,e aatigaariaa Las beea taii.tjr aa Saiestlat.oa iat the d.t of thv New Etslatd C&-.azr. In'iiifl.ug Goveraor WiLsijw. Laa.-; Webster aai o:h-rs. He taJs that they or the..- ta-esters br:-airasted on taa-y pari Jits. "P tavyred wi;a pors. s juasa. tara.ps aad ot.uns; dia-i on the itste w.-Ju rye paad.ag. brvwa bread and a &cr;aslonai Jow!. and aepped ca fresh ;h wi-b ve---jihi-a. Eat Cftuitt d.d nst really th.ai that freataess Lad its root in a.-ar and dr-xt. for be said. "The fa ait. dear Erutas. Is ia oarselves. that we are cnderJiEs." after declaring that "nea at s-oae tine are nnaaten cf their fates." Ke waj rigba I; was not jca end rye bread in the East tha- cade Webtr.er: tor c it aait pork ia the Wen: that raised Linc-ola Xiti! he overtopped t:i ethers it t'.s teneratioa. One of the most daring conceptions f modem literature is tta: of Jdr. fcaead's "America c z. tion cf tbe , World." And withal, tfce r s;.::tii a ;T::t:3 tae n-a.- a cf ta.tg. Mr. S ' ? Is :-k '-itnr bet r f g-ea: :ar--t S-"h si'.- rf r Atiat-i . I: -ii i- g-auly - tor c-i"e-i ::- n tt. a- l-vr' frvgL w -i- fli. w -un:-.-Ti.,a .a Eng.it 1. ti. . r- ilr si-raj vscia,. r.-. Nev- . ta-y u-.: i s-ru . w.ta t-e g"--t gc:n and rf A.ra r. a. And t--y wild pr-'.-aMy t;d Li r-n Mr S .j.d tt-lls :-- .: - f c Es.-lj.tJ -o di".-.J- wrti t' " cast :t to: ; ' si! s.- : o' - - '- :i E::-;-k- v . r;i. tt r-.'.-i.irS ir-a: I-r.-. iir Mr --3 d ir- n:.r Airr.il En;!:! ;i : t.sj- . -ta ti-y j w :- :-i Liii -r a-c r f v,.l.l: 1 Eu:l : ai Mr - .;t ar-i vi. i-v f v;-t c-- i ir:- " ' ""- 7 --- ..i.i f-ui; r-.. a a - ;r t- l.-..:aa .- a -- j-t-.a; Ear- -n.r.-r :a '-oiuta-r '.il : i i; :u "r.al w or.d w. -a w s urj:i--.! ir Jr -.f I'. I- i-f j-e the n; -::i:; ; eat tf ta Nat-.-aal E-iu -at. .aal Aw car.oa w but aa - ... ...f ar. a'.araa; :-at aa be-.vrae g-aral ar i w. spread. FLs uttraa.-r- c;x-.a :h:s ju biar ol v.oa.i ':a i up-:a va d.t.oa zi.ut are vTuie af'iir!." ':- "r- su;rti -:al n.r.rr-rs. p:.v,la;j to 11-ir. u;e oa ih p;.rt rf th- eiu-- tors w Uv i-.st-aed jr taec K.? iibsr vat. a -.a fat c-'t w;ta ceaeral a seat, rr-.f. K.t-h.e ctlli attearlca t.. Lsa; and ;t.dus:r.al a-?tiv:ty tn pr-.-; ia has iir. aiade f"r aitarhx'-i Th: paa-; uf if ha.s apriiir-atly i-e-r. braiaed as.de. The dea.r? for ga.r. crowd: a; nut all -oaA.derat.oa cf tb hotae a aa icti-tt.-ia taat .hcu'.d be Eaii.ta:::ed a-.-urd.:.; t the h.ahet staadari.' r.f -oa.f-ra '.i.rls are es- ; iiiS t:.e h:a.!-r -.iu.'saoa ;a (vrivr tc ' b-t nse a part of the Ci.raraerr.a! rr.a-ch:n-ry of t..e aa-e. and no: to utlhz th- taowleda- ga.aed f.;r tae oheraistry of tae kit'.hea or for perfe-txf the ap-p-ia"ci :." of the m&ders bos fcaud I'rof. K.eb: -Trajila? alag iada triad I-ae is not th gl f.ir w-ajea. , Fatil wealta br.aas Iza treasure frora tae saop aad baak to the horae ;ss fjras of ce for the eouifort of tae fataily. ur.tU art b&ra to beautify the iC :ac pla e of the family I.fe af well as :a- '.athednil and tae capltoi. tad uatll - a-..?:.'-- dv.-.t-s iaeif to the Leilthfal rearxr of cudldrcs and the fcyg.eae of tae hiae. all these for:e of our a-.vi era ;. vil.aat.oa of wh..a we are s proad fall short of their h.ghvst ser vice Tti taal tad aobiest arpl.a-t-oa of weath aad ara:a? trust te effected :a taa edu-ratitia of wontea." The trath of these o:ervar.oas will r paeradly con-'eded by tU whr take note of present teada?ies. There if i little doubt that the teadeacy of your.g ! woa:a to eatr the oSe aad factory if a rTiena-e to borae life, that it ait.raa-e ; '.y tads to sa'rrdiaate the home as at. ' Sanitation to oraroerc:a!isra. Eat tor. cat Pr-f. Kiehle and t;s co-lnborow ia the universities che:k this teadeay': It stay be partially checked a cr-a: by the i-hoils sad uaivrs:ties throua':. g.v-iag the household crt and ether ' studies that pvrta.n to the hon-.e a more ixportr.at place ia their schem f education. Put after the youas womea are -du-.ated to become wivw aad Brothers who is to provide tr.err. with oppx. ca'.-y for u alexias this ed ucation f V.'ho is to provide hoces for all the f-dti'-ated hca-ajaj:r:' la Ch er words, is not the average youag voraan of tu-day coafroated t y a i.-tt-d:t.on rather t'ia-.t a :h--ry' Taousanda cf girls .a tb.s coua-ry a-- at.t p--r;i::t-td to await tae opportunity to he o;a to2;err;akers. Ttey ere f--r-.--d 1 r .ac t'res.ry sato c.rfsiercii-".. Industrial trial aad professluaal pa-rt:'- cad however rauca we any depl r- t..e i.-cr.-d.t.at that se-a.s to t-ca:-l t.j-a. i--:a.e s-lf-iupport;:.g thr tpp-ur Zi, be no ad.--;u:te r.ai-iy fvr .: a; p. eat v;sih wi-tia tt" range of the sch'jtila.a.ver. Wn a Oleil ft-mh. Cor gre4sa.es Laad. of Indiana w.( a guest tae other ai-at a: a d.na-r giea ty L'r. Kill. As.staat Sw-tarv cf State, among the ote- j2 : .'dia.ster Wc. secretary cf .s.ar.-u.-.u:e Wiisoa aad Patent Coaina .oa-r Al.ea. Dur.ag the coure of tae d.nner .Sec retary Wlisos began d sp.aysng l.s siacwledge of thiags agr. . u.t jral "Th peach." he took occasion to remaraa originally caste from China." Indeed." remarked Mia.ster Wu. ranch interested. "Everybody taew that." inteTrapfed !r Allen, "aa son as thej- met Mr. Wu." The Chinese minister lacghed at the compliment ur.t'.; bla aides shook. He knowa what !t ia to be a "peach." Westlngtcn I'c-st. , Ieir and Iomb Tli r-at. j For u-in- threatening "deaf and dumb" iar.g"22ge toward tat fathe- ana brother a deaf-mute has bn boend over to keep the peace at E.ackbura. England. Export to Japan. Export to Japan Lave growa from (3,000,000 in Y-ifi to $lS.&j,ja j mBETTEBROADS I'rjcnt Necessity for IrsproveJ MATTER OF ECnNOMY. ux tosJ droerai. Th.aah tbe F:r: tia Mt Sm H:tn. Cnt r( Muntcaant I Kr JaiTv1 !o Grv:ij m to Make Them tbC4tr in Keiit Tbove Who rf-- KiiJ Cin:m.-1 ioa nop to '.oJ id Tbe.r i' n LihL t e m - :..i;:ri of s.i.J. -T..-. .;.tvf r. .1 tlitr t-arr 5 i. . J Ay J 1 -he d.r. V. e " e then- We a . a. i. .... ,.w. a-t a t ..: .pr .. tae u-a.-.u. j a.-d; w te i-f tLe.r ha: : v. e- a.; . e. a : w i.ere great yr- v.. i r.-. We .a We g-.-. ti trU. heed wa-: laat..-;. t..r are a.-ie a.ica h-t:er t-i. th-y now are. Tv tar fra-er. u;r.a wa--v i-i;..Uers r-r.j tae 'e:a-t ft t.,- a.-.t,..a. taree th.ass are vitas J cr.; t. .-ti.,d ; r. aad g;.d r..di. Tae art of t.e-e oad.tJa aievt-i y o a.ar.y pa;-ey of weather, b-a.-'a cuatryiied. the s-evvad d-;eai ala.'-s; bully upon tae arst aad t-;rd. liw e . er. whether the ?-;L-.a ie favorai-ie or tae re- er?e the pr.'-e ia the end d peaus raa-r. oa tae fa.-. ..ties fcr g-:t.g ia." i."a!.:. he.aa at ir-:.t a few a.lie frura any r.iroai stat.ua. the uestl -r. of hal..ae ;ba. ie-.-vaue par..ai .u:.t. The farsaer has pa.d out for hi.- ;.,..r roads, ia ve-.-.r.y r-pa.rs n...ay z.iur the --wit of g..Mi r-a-s. wh.- h. ia ;ae beciatitg. wtuii have he-.a e ex- pas. i. hat which v.. have r t;u.r-u auch les '.-;- .a .'ii:.a" taM;a la proper condition. The t-eaet fn.a. a ;-s:em of really f.i roads would La--e been srreat a a.aii coa.par. sa iaha.tely ia their fait.c I: is regarded as a ar.-. the tiiLes that taere .--a.- s.gn cf I.1 be a toveaaeat in ail part vf tae .-..uttry loo;t to the betteraier.t of rurl bia'h ways. Eiperiraer.t.s a.ade it pro-g--ess:ve coaaa.uat.es .a Massacfcu setts. New Vort. New J-.-rfj. Cjaaect icua North Carul.aa. P-nnsyivtti.a and soace of the other States East and West, have shown se-. era! thiaa-s. In creased value in farm lands ia these coast unities have a'-coupiished witt decreased coat in mariie-.in.- rural products. Better roads have broostt the pp into cir-er touch with one anot.-.e- broader ways of iivir.i have superseded the narrownex whi' h !s t it often a ctara.ter;stic of rur-,.1 oct.t:. and JneSeia! results have coa.e in other ways. In every sur-h locality, those who. on the score of economy or otterw.se. w ere opposed tc HiLAiAK t;Ai HO.Nt,aV CU.T?,UH.Ii. 'V.t-iW rf pi.ioiD; :l encrsicjs r.f r-.cne a departure from the old styie of road maii.ag. are now tae loudest in pn.;s of the tew regime, end taose woo fa vored it frost the bea-ianing feel much gratification of tbe.r ifcutrunjentabty in establishing a custom so productive tf genera! go'rd. The tSae wii docb:i-w a when the roads of tbe United State wii! be eqiia! to those of France or Switzer landand that win i w hen the Amer ican peopie are broacbt to a full reali zation cf the fa-t that for the want of each riads their monetary Pj gre tot only large tut continuous. The oid fashior.ed d.rt road is sus ceptible to treatment Li.t will ma ter.ally U-neat ia but such advantage is nierely temporary. Once a year, at ieiis-t. the rai is "worke-d" ts.at L, the old. wort-out dirt which Las saut-eied out at the edges of the road is turned tuck into tbe beaten traci w;ta the road macbite or with plows and scrapers. Sometime crave; is dumped Into the tobowa and low places, but th.s practice bas almont ceased since the advent ft the road macaine In e.ther cae the result is tbe same. For a t Tje. the road ' soft and rutty: tbeu It Lsriens down into a mblun'-e of what a road should be, tut its surface oon works cp into dust in the beat of the srriimer sun or chances into deep tn'.id under tne influence of ern trrn altory saowera Travel over ssich ronds as srre found In every part of the L'nl t?'! Str.te. in. at Rlinot.t any time of j nr. a carter of dis'-omfort. 'a the coatnjctlon of a country road " . '5 O-.O' ' " f tiie iracadaia idea I tbe one wfcirib rtipa. ktould i-e tao-e generally era ;l.y.i taan any ether, though tr:e ti f. -! n.eti'u.! : a very ci.s? aet-oad to ia hi'ta in p-cat of exre-rise anJ ut.i.ty T---"e is in reality. t;.t ve-y l.fie d.f ft-r-n--e Tie a".:'dasa r i . 1-.d a:- - a d -t f.-ca h:ti-n wha h :s rol.ed ctti :t is very trm aad h-.rd. h;le ti e foun '.at .-n of rte t--lfori ro l i a lver -f iar-.e stone !a t-oth. the a; r r su.-f:'..-es are exa.-tiy sliie. In ck.r.c a n:a:-adaai r-d- the f rst ir! a: st :tap.rtant re-.::ii:e i that -L- ne used of goxl qu.l ty v . - :t is t rue that the softer br.tt;e r....-rr.i.i will i.re-ai mre etisily and s. r.o-? qui k.ly :t is also ;rse that it .ll -ir out raiK'h faster. ie t.av-irr-.-.tt-r tea.l.a.y to "rut" Taere are e-al ajeacse wti.h cut he ier.-J in t;aiia; tae roa-J. Frosh tt-r. w n,f. t-e cria.i.na of the pur t i-'-s r-;.:.t ea.-t ctaer fr.'Ss the ian p.. " of wagon t:re or the fet of an: nial tad ata).i:.l.enc conditions of a.l s. ts. tnue in for tttcat oa ia ot t...i..:.- :--st ret:::. It is theref.ee i -.-"y tint the sva w.th wLa-h : rv;:-: tre surfaced h s :.h as are 1- l.al-le tu he anTe"ed by these coa i t :: cirm. te ! x.u ies.rr.hie. fAr the resia "..i-.t. v f tl.- tar-- ; ;.rts w.. .. i'ii. -se .t. a- is- J - ttie the e o:.d of a ,,;.,''. . - S . f slate St C.-s L-ir a ar i-e B hi. - . eas.ly afl"-.-:-d s.- i. 1-t n- are utte-iy us the 't l.a.-s'o-.-s n -t a.u.-i. a..-.'- r var vt.--- uf i.iae- ::m I -el', r- i.a :u: ' l'd ";. i" 'or '--. v 1. ; ..roug:y. c-j s:i'.o..th era ;te- ani i .-. ...i nr. t it aovs no: re j of -he dif- fi-t A GOrl F.OAI. IN MECKI.ENB'.r.G C'"l"NTY N C culty ea cuuatered m breaiiag taeia. these staes are more costly taan ti.i w h.cn are soft-r. but their c-jt hi a.ucb a.ure taaa halaaced ty the.r u;er.ur weanag vjal'.ties. In tne construction of cacadara r"tds. h' iv over, the question of econo my tsua.iy forces the ce of the ca ter. fi at hand, whatever their quc.'.i-y Often h-id stone and stone gathered from the bed of creeks are qr;te de sirable, a- a.any of thera are of the trap-rack v..ri--y. In addition, they are usually of a siae conveaieat for triad Lag or breaking. It is a e-ju-pjrutiveiy siL'.ple ti-.s-i to break stone nowaday. The crusher, the Crat cost of waich may seeia somewhat heave, is capable of being moved from place to place, or district to district as repaired, and its purchase is. ia the end. much cheap er than having the or done by hand. Eat whether broken by hand or aa chine, it should be reiaeu.b-red the piece must no; be iarg-r that two inches in diiiaeu-r. Indeed, a general rule wtieh a.yy be employed is the one wLi'-h list its the s ze of tae p: to the dia,e;.s.oas of an Ecgiist wa.tat. As te?:weea the macadum and telfurd systems, tae firmer is preferred in most instances, though it is. perhaps better to use the latter in sa.ixpy p;ace. or iotii;:.e wtr the foua.ia tion is likely to be- osae sofa In making a macadnm roan the first operation is the preparation of tee rvad bed. Ttis surface must trst be graded. Laving for its '-ontour the exact out lines of the road when hnished. Pre viously to lh,s. the ground, to secure best results, should be surface-drained. The bd must be higher in the middle than at either side The average nec- ' essary curve may te aen in the ac compiiEyinz engravins showing cro-s sections of the two sys-ems. At ea-h side a shouldering of trm earth or rravH should be made to told the ma terial ia place aad extendinr to the gr.r.er at ii- eitreii,.. i;. t bisi jrut ter should be of depth aufiicient to easily -Rrry orf all the water whica may drain into it Holling eome n,st. This must lie continued until the earh foundation is so compact that tbe ordi nary narrow-tired wheel vri! leve very little trace, broadcast npon this prepared surface Is then spread a lyr I c stones, the depth of which Is meas ; ured ty means of cords stretched be tween grade states. If the oronen s-.m- have been separate.) in recard j s '-e the hrt layer is made up of tl:e large:. The r!ier is brought on s-j 1 the edges of the ruad are roiled f-sia gralualiy working toward the T-ea-er" Tt s method keeps the st.vjes '-..:a spr-ad.r.g at the s de. The num of laver d-pe2 tfva the thiefc rs of r wd .ie.re-l fsunliy. eight or t-r. inches is Ihick enough for the hear ,jt rrr.fac divi.l.nl into three tiyer. TL? se-.sd and third layer should be we:: sprinkled and a binding material s'.Sae of s-'reec.ng from the crusher, or cd r.'k.r.g c-avel. may be mixed n. if d-s red D.rt. sand or clay should ::eT,r t- i:s-d. Enough water should j.. 0i to wash ai! binding material :! into tr:e crevice and l-ave enough mo::ure to Insure its setting. This is all there is of the making of :'.: g -r-uine r.i.t !:'.ia rv'.d. Of course. r:-r att.-r.t on n.tsst e civen to its rair.age ani wster must not be aJ lve,d to got u:i !"r the road It may tie necessary on this account to sale -air. .lie rus J parti-ularly rnoi 1 . -si tics. Jut en .ugh binding mate rialand no core taust be used to e- .-alv till the crevices. On no account si. . i.d n 'l. h '. this n.ater.ai te us -'. a to make the real broken stone cf tne r i a s -ud:.ry ingr-d.eat. In na.:.g the firt uia-radam r ads. this l.nd-r was i:...t i:--l. the small particles w-e.-i::g from the broken stone being rAi.-d up .r. to hll tbe interstices. La: iv. hrwi-ver. it ha he-r. ceaoon--. ti;:it the bisi-d-r iu.p'oe- the v ."-r-"es.tiiig QUalit.es of the ror.d -tl. its durabdlty and elasticity The :: hinder is the -"!-.. ngs from ti e crusher. The r.ei: best is o!in gravel The Trlfortl K'uad. Is ranking a telf.rd road, the surface of tae found.; t. on b prepar-d in exactly t..- saa.e way as is tbi; of the saacad i'.ii. r'-;.S The first layer of stone, how ever, is d.ffereut This is Coa.p.sed of or if e f.ve or eight inches in length :-dw- ;-s. .rtv:i!-;Cv i- .J Jrtl u ia.d as to form a sort of pavement breaking joints as much as possible, in the manner of laying brick. All pro ofing pjir.u ere then broken off and the crevice, are tiled with stone chips, tae whole structure beis:g wedged and cons -il, dated into a complete pavement Lju th.s the small broken stones are ia.d. exactly as in the macadam road. If for tae reason of economy, it is not -es.red that a atone road be construct ed taen a grarel road may answer the pu-se very well, tiy Cravel road is not meant ae dumping of h, we cn.vd on :ne oid cadaed. as is the common ;r..c:.-e sprmg and fall in the rural d.str.cts but tne making of a road with a go-.j foundation somewhat similar to ta: of the macadam road. The grade should be h;id in exa-tlv the saa.e war end dir excavpted to a de-.-.i ent to insure .,.'h .m Tae hei should be well rolled and then -.ere-i v-.-r p-r!p three It vers of c-ru. h-p gravel, ea-h lryer ling .-at.y fra-cd to make it capable of arryxg a L:--.t load w.ttou: sink-'- -a. Tn.s ir.r:- -t- . , ( i , ', . - etre tr.-ji.-t he tefc-n t,. .-v..yi, " ' ;t we.;. in no r.r. 'our: .v;uid sluices be cor.s-ructed 2;rJ- f Kf;""t; ' the road. Fse rr.d -;i:ng to carry watr ! a -.. wt.e: t-ceftrv. I t bs..dtg -h s kind of road, as well I -d VttefS ah he- i-r -. ,i - . ,. --a , ''er-'y grades should : -e f.o.dei. w r.-re foible, aiwavs re- i 7?'Cr;::S ''V in -very in. ; ' .t IS r.C fce-l. j .... ... - --. -c: muung a till lit -- bSe taan it is over the top. '.".' rouda be " presence destrov the : r-U'--b anything! I" Wn ! W-vt by horses .r; , k stone, 1 '.1 r"n iraln. should --It cpen. to allow of th r, d-a nag. tf ail water U PromPt V. ten rut, or d-prewiona tn Show. rra-e-'..l "eR-n to used in Vk't, n as Iworn spot,. Fine ma! rr t c . - - i 1 terial tfbould not be used. . . ' en.1 -1 IWt TK w.utpQ niii'ks dorn Into the ol.l oroken - ucy SAilidatcs with It, making xht spot as g-J as new. Careful ;T tion to thee little things wm k J"1 road iti g.od condition nntij it, surface is o thin as to requir. J' al. When the material of which the t mn.1e is of Knvl.ll!p - swi qmv a e!l co-stricted mJ will little afe'lon for yetrs. often d '"' Til tt is entlrelr worn out Wh, state is rcacb-nl it is considered i.:.v" a STACFj XACADAU BOA1) BlTtDIIi rt la nrW the f.rst eour i-,. f . eii. i ... , , .UVI xn,tt i-.-s: this.g to simply put on a goodh: cr of entirely iuw stone: roil it Oorl and a ne -oad is the result. i ict i.ie- saouiu usea OB i; i.eniT eni-ies aicn traverse n-j, I roads. A roid of fjv inches thit I hess will last longer under widetirsl than a road double that tin -knew e dt-r rd nary tires. It lisis te.'on found desirable to plu trees t y the sides of stone roads, it they should be placed at a suffi:ie distati'-e so that their roots mny extend under the gutters or roadm They should also be planted farenoq; apart as to admit wind and sunsliia The chestnut, which sends its pm downward, is bent adapted to this per lsc. Aiong the roads of Genssji; France and switzerlaud fruit and ct brry trees aliound. The smproveiue-it of country roaiij chieriy a question of e-oiiouiy. prjfr pally as regards tbe waste of effen hauiing load over bad roads as on pared with tbo saving of money, ti I nnj effort in using good roads, toe ii tin I cost of making good roads and tit difference In cost of maintenance, ii to tbe trst projection, a cotioluslo- i very easily reached. The second, ftc i f cos: in changing to good roads. f peiids upon the cost of materials, m chinery nad lnlwir. with method f I constru-tion and depth and widtb til road des red. Of gravel roads. Crst-class ones bw beeu built in many places, nt cos varying from Jfk.i to $1.3;J0 a mat The material in these roads i tleu gravel of medium coarseness pat i in two layers and rolled until it bt of t uniform depth of eight inches. T I foundation is prepared In ninch ti same way that that of the uiacadi: ; or telford road. j Coming back to the macadam wi i which is much the test, of cow New York State has roads of niw Ii twenty feet n width, built for E1W , to J5.in.io h mile Fourteen to 19-f telford roads, of a thi- kness of 10 s 1'2 inches, have been built in Sen 1" sey for J4.IMV) t0 ytrMi. Couneclki: roads of the same variety vary fra $3.(XK to $,i.in). Rhode Island mot am roads cost J-I.'hnj to $".ih) a b& while Massachusetts has some wkieS cost fo.'io:). fin tbe average, a of macadam road costs $l.wO a ni more In Massai-husetts than In Se AUIVbTABtE WIDE TIKli. Jt-rsev '."hlu In nel- Hum tn fh tl thtjt Mannchusetts is hillier than S Jer -and partly to the difference-1 pric-j 0f tnaterlals. labor, etc K Jersey is .ailldine more and !- tliaa WI other State 't the I'nion. The ar tge cost last vear wns 50 cent! - square yard, for toads averaging eK-1 inches in depth. At this rate, a singl track road, which Is perhaps the tft all things considered, costs about & 300 a mil A rovwi rmi. I,,.. i,.i in dflit Whifll ta an.Ri.l.... . I.. Mftf outiiorui 1 II ill us I i ii -ii $1,170 a mile for an eight-foot tn ...i . . . . .i "iie a n toot track costs auoiu 000. The Re Rnod. In summary, the road which -41 suita the needs of the nitricultnr- must not cost too much, but must - of the very best construction, so I"11 heavy hauling may be done over when the farmei would otherwise t Idlo because of the raln-soaked 6e! All things considered, therefore, P bP the best road for the farmer to solid, well-built atone road, so uarro a to conveniently permit of the pa ina- of but a single wagon, but wit- firm, well-drained, earth road at ear side. Where traffic Is uot particular heavy, a aingle track answers nil P- Poses at much Icy, cost for both trnct)on and maintenance. 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