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About The Oregon weekly statesman. (Salem, Or.) 1878-1884 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 10, 1869)
1 i nStatiBmoii tVND UNIONIST. 1 'SALEM, FRIDAY, s : : DEO. 10 i , i To Our. "Weekly Subsmbere. jj Y are bow in the fifth month of tho polli cation oF th Statksmah, as tho chaageof proprietors was r made on the lit day of Au Dating that time we hare nade no re quest for payment of subscriptions, desirous that you should hav full opportunity to test, and to fairly approve tsr dismpproYe 'out eonr Determined to do ur bert and 4eV4h people be thi judges, we hare been gratified , by realizing a success, which, although moder ate, has been entirely satisfactory. There are Antt three hundred new subscribers on our lists, and we constantly receive additions, as welt as friendly assurances froniall quarters Of -course it takes Money to run a newspaper-, and more 'bt it than most people suppose. ' So wo ivoutd Simply say that we shall always be piepared to send receipts to those who can j A great campaign is approaching and we are Anxious to be on hand, and always be found in (he front of battle. Great battles are seldom fought on credit, so if yon help us out with cash, you will supply us with the real sinews of war. The proprietor is anxious to enlarge and improve the Statesman, and it depends entirely on the support he receives ' whether he can be able to do so. We propose to give the people of Oregon at good a paper at ihej trill pay for, and to mak it a success by making it in all respects a " people's paper." IT you know any good man who wants the Stateshas, tend us his name, ' with the understanding that he pays for it in eix months, and sooner, if he can. It is part of oar faith that every sober working naan "in the land ought to have & State paper, and that vry tnan whd wants to read one, is Rood for the subscription price., "We desire to xsall the attention of out readers and friends to the fact that we now publish about as much tgain of matter as the Amihicas Ujiiosist contained at the time of dicontinnsnce. We .hall increase tho Statesmah to the size of the largest paper now published in this Stte "when five hundred more subscribers are ad ded to our list, and anything our friends can 0 to help as to reaoh that namhet will be fully appreciated.' We repeat again, that1 the State 8M ah shall he as good and as large a paper as the people will pay for. Please ex amine the direction of .your paper and see if the date on the tag is the date to which you have paid up. Where their is no date named, tbo subscription commenced August 1st, 1669. f "Quito a "number have sent us the subscrip tion price and paid up in advance, to whom we tender our best thanks. Money oaa always be sent us through the mail at oar riek, if sent with the knowledge " of postmasters. We have secured the following gentlemen as Agents !'','- . v Albany.......... L. Flinn Aurora..... ....... Brownsville........ Behei..i... -Bniteville.v....... 4 Belpass'.... ....... Corvallis.... ....... Cottage Grove...!. t Dalles.-.. ......... balks ............ Empire City Fred. Keil ...W. R. Kirk . J." II. Hawley . ,.B. Jennings ,....R. II anna A. Chenoveth . ... . F N. Martin ... ....S. Brooks ... .J. EmmanB ...J. W. Parker ....J. F. Brown ...Mr. Litchfield Eugene City.. Grande Ronde Ilarriaburg... Independence. Lancaster.... Lincoln, Lebanon , Monmouth..., Newport...... , Oakland...... Portland w w W :.H. 8mith ... -Vandriyn & Sommerville 8.M. Farley i .-. ...... . . . .Abrahams & Co S. H. Clauson P. M. Waterlionse ..-'-. J. ......... Samnel Case B Herman ,Wm. T. B Nicholson E. E. Wheeler Scio Sringfield. A. G. Hovey and Bev. J. H. Adams Sublimity...... ...... ...Mr. Hobson Silvcrton.......... .John Davenport St. Loais. ........... J. D.Tayloi Zena. ................ D. J. Cooper Urdetiag Their Nerves. Something should be done to settle the stomachs and quiet the nerves of the Demo cratic journals of our State. If they wonld only, fret about their own affairs, find fight I .their own battles on their own ground, tbe probability is they would life quieter lives ! and last to a good old age ; but the poor -creatures have a peck of troubles on our l account and are worrying themselves to death for fear the Republican party will i be Imposed upon by some of its own lead tiog spirits, t-, riy : ' We cordially agree with them In bellev ! that some Republican will be elected to tbe U. S. Senate, and we don't wonder that 1 they are annoyed at the prospect, but we i object to naming the successful man in ad- vance. A certain amount of Democratic K opposition' is very - wholesome, but our Democratic neighbors" should remember ' that when they try hardest to tear a man down, they succeed the best in building him up, for Democratic inflnence seems to :be one of the most striking Instances of a - ml working by contraries. - ' "' The Oregonian pertinently says with ref erence to the ' Democrat ic clamor against f Senator Williams, that while the Republi Uana of . this State fully appreciate the val- " e of th services of that" distinguished gentleman, ' they make his claims to a re- j election atkely secondary, or rather they I are pal rg4 at all, for no individual aspl- I rations are allowed to take part in the com-4-;if campaign.. ": We are a unlt harmonious and cordial, riven by no factions, cursed by po aspiring leaders, and. as such our first and only aim must be to defeat the old stubborn enemy of tbe country in the coming campaign. And if ever defeat was written ia the faces of a party, it is in scribed in hopeless misery on the visage of Oregon Democracy to-day.; It is tbe grand Buccess ofj'iGcn. Grant's Administration that knocks them out of time, and will faki them eventually throw up the sponge. fVOur aim, then, should be to select good tried I I ea to every office to see that reliable and able Republicans sit in tbe the Legislature r to represent the best interests of tbe coun try and the true principles of the party, not to elect some man to some office, but y choose tbe best men to office in every instance. , , ' . What worrle our Deaocracy in the case of Senator Williams, U the great natural aptitude he hm (or the art of Reconstruct tion." He has the credit, awarded him by I lo.in irtiirnat of tiat oartf East, of ! having taken the lead in framing the Con gressiona,lj plan of Rt construction, and ihey fearbe.Ul utabi aention to recon- i'a3tiBg- them.4 We' consider,? however, that they are ease-hardened and beyond rPM fc effort should attempt the (' t a2 We have great nopea oi w rmmg gesraUoa,feut tbe. Id .cues m beyond we reach of improvement ;Tfy soothing c Z .,aria : 'if" vou can't be alsy, b.a ls';a-"you 'caa, cb,:'Democrai3, -;arge :yoarselve and B elead",lf oa canr : nd wbateve? befpe-t. reme'r that Ee ab!kaa priociplet tra trnss-L, ead that i''fiia'P ' are goyfrctoi'fte count.; fa Letter Prom Linn County. BKowxsvnxE, Dec. 1, 1869 En. Statesman : Though times are called dull, there is considerable a oi her. The bridge over tho Calapooia tag been covered. The merchants seem to be doibga good bu siness and have good stocks of goods, new goods are constantly arriving. In North .Brownsville, Morgan and Lewis have seven or eight thousand dollars worth, of new goods jand. are evidently doing a good trade. -A Wheeler seemed to have a good stook, but he had just been below and purchased a large stock in addition. There are three stores in South Brownsville, well filled and doing a good business. We ha ve four blacksmith shops that have been busy all the season. Three parties are here buying pork and packing it down, paying 5i to ; 6 cents per pound for it. There are two schools on each side of the ' creek. Rev. WV R. Bishop is teaching in North Brownsville and hps over fifty schol are in attendance. A new literary society is now organized tt pass away the time these lone? winter- evenings, and assist in improving the minds of the members. More anon. C. Inconsistent. The Oregonian baa occa sinally intimated that we are wasting pow der, fcbot and ink, in noticing some of the pestilent sayings of small bored cotenipo , rnrieg, and yet in the last issue it wades - into :'an obscure and unscrupulous sheet," edited, as it says for purposes of '-black mail" by one of the discharged employees of the Indian service. Now, if all this is so, brother and we are not disposed to doubt or deny Itwhy don't you stick to your philospby and pass these "obscure" fellows by with pity and contempt? You tell ns not to pitcb into them and then you go to telling the truth about them at a terrific rate all by yourself. We agree with your advice to let this eunuch of the Oregon Press, rest in his own obscurity. Your genuine neufer-als are proverbially ill na tured, and should be let alone as much as possible. A heavy inundation has visited ' Yucatan and caused terrible damage to property and loss of life. On the 26th of October, after several days' hard rain, a unorther" set in, but as it cleared up about dark, peo ple went to bed as usual. The storm came on about half past cine, and before many were aware of the danger, the streets were flooded so as to prevent escape. In the houses people climbed on tables and other furnitnre, and as soon as boats could be manned the more fortunate set about res cuing their fellow citizens. But despite all heir efforts there were many lives lost ; the suburbs of the city were entirely de troyed, most of tbe residents losing all hey bad. The cemeteries were torn up by he torrents.' and bodies floated through tbe treets. Eleven persons are known to be irowned, how many more it is impossible o ascertain, and the survivors are suffering rom hunger and exposure. Returned to His Vomit. Beriah Brown earned the compliment lately, from some source or other, that he bud not abused tbe nemory of President Lincoln in several 3sues. So he has returned to the familiar hemes, and he avenges himself, and per verts history, and outrages deeency, and fa ults tbe American people, by saying his 4ay in the last issue. He don't do all tbis rery much, because be does so little of it, ,: jut be snarls and sbows tbe places where tis teeth onght to be, and makes tbe most of lis fonr quires weekly issue he does indeed, t wasn't Lincoln who said you came away rom Portland without paying your pew ent; it was tbe Herald served you that mean trick. Why don't you vent your spleen where it belongs. Doccmests. We are under obligations to Mr. J. V. Mossman formerly of this place, 'or sending documents of interest from the jegislative Assembly of Washington Terri ory Among them are Veto messages from be Governor, in which he mentions the re urn without approval of no less than wenly-eeven bills which had been passed y the Assembly. The Governor sends in ome other bills separately with the reasons or his vetoing them, but tbis batch seems o have come too thick and fast to allow of nch deliberate consideration. Robert Bonner, of the New York Ledger, ias been buying up some noted horses, and aakes the Herald pretend for it is only ; iretense- that it has discovered a mare's lest. Giant wrote a letter to Bonner; ionner likes horse flesh and buys fast ,; torsos ; Grant likes horse flesh, but can't t pend as much money as Bonner, and, herefore, the Herald thinks its readers are .11 as green as grass. Well, suppose they are, what are you going to do about it ? Uncle Sam's revenue officers have, for he first time in history, gone after .Brigham t'ouDg with a prospect of forcing the old Jormoa to pay to the United States the taxes he has evaded for years past. Grant's ' officials are not only determined to make people pay their present dues, but to make them settle all arrearages. Railroad Commissioner. People of course are enquiring as to who J. H. Fisk is, who is appointed in place of Jesse Applegate to examine the Railroad, and act as Railroad Commissioner for this State, We take pleasure in stating that it is not Jim Fisk, Jr., of great railroad fame at the East, ' who- is also a great steamboater and ' gold gambler, but a very clever gentleman who is one of the proprietors of the. Standard flouring mills at Milwaukee. ' Captain Fisk has been a resident of Uma- , tills. He was here during the reoent term of the Supreme Court, where a suit for a Talaa . ble estate, eoming to his wife as heir of Lot Whitoomb, was decided in his favor. The ap ' pointment is said to be a firstrate one. On the 17th of November St. Josephs Convent at Toronto was totally destroyed by fire. 'At the time tbe building was co cupied partly as an asylum for indigent old men and partly as a school for young ladies under Father Conway. . The fire was dis- covered about midnight and much excite ment existed owing to tbe danger that some of the decrepit occupants of whom there were ten asleep in tbe upper story. How- : ever these were all carried, or assisted out ' of danger by the heroic efforta of the fire men and volunteers. As the fire spread rap. idly all that could be done was to save tbe " surrounding buildinas.ln which a'tenarpt tbe ! department was successful. The scholars did nof Jleep ia the building and thus much of Mnsrer and possible horror was avoided. i jba jd.ooo, notinaarea. - Prematura Loof Hair, which is so common aowatttiaye entirely pre-eiited ! the nsa- of UornaiCs Cocoaine." It has . beea used in tbousRSds of cases where the hair was eomior ji ia handsfai,' and bas never failed toeetta decay, to promote a bealthv JUtd tigfoua growth. It is at tbe saiae time smiled as a dressing for the hair. " A aingle app' caton wiu renatr w. ion "glossy for Mtrftl days. MM GENERAL NEWS. Portland. Tbe Oregonian of Dec 7th has these items: The dedication of tne new Synagogue on Sunday was well attend ed, Tbe ceremonies are described as very impressive..... Tbe touch vexed case of Elfelt, Neil & Co. vs. H. H. Snow & D. M. Jesee has been stipulated to be tried before Judge Boise of this District, without inter vention of a jury.. . . .St. Helen's Hall has an average attendance of ninety. , .... Iron columns are to be substituted for brick in Hartlieb's drug store. , , . , .The Heaton brought up several tons of clay tiles, for underdrawing. Tney are cheaper than iron or lead and as durable .The election in the Fire Department resulted in choice of Robert Holman, Chief Engineer, C. W.Reynard 1st Assistant and B. Meyer 2d Assistant .The Young Men's Chris tian Association has maintained a Sunday evening school for the instruction of Chi nese. Tbe i.verage attendance is lorty, men and boys. These are divided into small classes each under the charge of a teacher for the evening. The progress made by the pupils is surprising. In one case a young man learned all the letters of the alphabet so as to remember them in twentv minutes; wbilo.it is rare that any beginner does not learn tnem all in one evening. Several of them who took their first lesson n the English language with the members of the Association, can now road with ease and some fluency, and can write as well as American boys usually do ut leu or twelve years of age. Their aptitude in imitating gives them great advantage in ac quiring penmanship. .... .The jury in the case of toe Oregon cascade uaiiroau Loin nanv vs. O. fc. N. Co. have been sent to tbe Cascades, per ; steamer, to make an exum ination on the spot Eaut Portland 'is to have a steam saw mill. Murder at Iliixsnoito. The Commercial of the 7th has tbe following account of a tragedy in Washington county : It appears that Courtney Meeks, tbe son of the old pioneer. Soe Meeks, a half-breed, got intox icated and swore that bo would kill some body before morning. Presently Jacob Smith, an old citizen of the place and well known here by the appellation of "Big Jake Smith," came into tbe saloon. .Be tween Meeks and Smith there seemed to ex ist an olJeud. As soon as Smith appear ed, without Baying a word, Meeks jumped up, ran to Smith, threw his arms about bis neck and stabbed him in the region of tbe heart, producing death almost instantane ously. Before steps could be taken to pro cure his arrest, Meeks effected his : escape. Tbis is a most aggravated and unprovoked murder. Mr Smith was known to be a quiet, orderly, peaceable and industrious citizen, and his sudden death calls down a just public indignation. A reward of $700 bas been offered for the arrest of tbe tnuv derer. It is supposed that Meek has taken to the mountains, thinking to escap either at Tillamook or Yaquina Buy possibly at Astoria or into Washington Territory. He is a skillful woodsman and hunter, and his capture will no doubt be difficult. Portland. Tbe Herald of the 8th has the following : Commodore. Watson will remove his residence and headquarters from Astoria to Portland The ladies of the M. E. Church beiti their unnul fair last evening, at tbe armory of tbe Washing ton Guards. Several thousand dollars has been subscribed towards building a new Chnre'i. toj be completed next August.. . She body of a man was .found in the Co lumbia, near the residence ot J. M. Scott. Tbe coroner's jury returned a verdict ot accidental drowning. The body was too much decomposed to be identified .. The Catholics observed "the Feast of the Immaculate Conception." which is the opening of the Ecumenical Council, by celebrating three masses, tbe last one High mass. Docoi.as Corxnr. The following is from the Ensign of tbe 4th ': Douglas county was the first in tLe State to pay this year's tax. The ainoun! paid over was, lor polls. $887; property tax. $8.996 W. B. 71arke & Co. have purchased and will erect the first set of planers and matchers in the county. The amount of lumber con sumed dtiritig the past year has been more tban three times that oi any previous year. Over two million feet have been used for building purposes A young man at work in the Myrtle Creek saw mill, lost two fingers by the circular saw one day last week. Wasco County. The Mountaineer says a mail ronte is badly needed from the Dalles to Ochoco. Settlers recently from that point say that their only winter outlet is by way of the Dalles, as the mountains are block aded with snow. .... .Rev. Mr. pondon's next lecture on geology will be '-How Or egon was made." His friends made up a donation of 5200 at a party lor that pur pose A religious revival going on at the Dalles, fiftet n persona have joined the Congregational Church and eighty the M. E. Church. Walla Walla. The Statesman of Dec 4 says that snow is deep enough in Grande Ronde Valley to afford good sleighing. . . . Parties from tbe East have invested in real estate quite extensively at Walla Walla One firm have sent off nineteen wagons and a pack train loaded with merchandize du ring the past weeks. Also, over fifty tons of produce in the sumo time. Jackson Cocxty; From the Sentinel of Dec. 4th, we learn that B. F. Dowell has again gone to Wa hington. His business is to pretent before Congress the Indian war claims of 1854.. ... .A young man, by the name of Wetzel, who bas been working at the tin trade for some t me past, at that place, was seized with a strange fit of hal lucination, last Thursday night. He fan cied that he was wedded to the handsome and accomplished daughter of a respected citizen of this place, and insisted on send ing the old gentleman out on the ranch and '-keeping hotel" himself for a while. The old gentleman could not see it in thut liget, and as the infatuated young man in sisted on taking possession ot the premises by force if ifecessary, theCHy Marshal was called In and the young man was taken to the calaboose..;... The citizens of Jack sonville have organized a. Literary Club. ......Rev. C. Alderson and wife return thanks for donations to the amount of fifty dollars H. York' of Applegate, fell from bis horse in a fit of epilepsy and broke his leg. . ... .The mail carrier reports 12 inches of snow between th-re and Fort Klamath...... The Deputy Sheriff is en gaged in summoning a jury to try himself on a charge of felony. Of course he will do tbe fair thiog The Democrat of the same date, wants to know if VilUmoutis'' is crazy. Ask tbe three laboring lawyers. . . . . . . It says that tbe rains has rendered the county roads al most impassible. . . . . . Great activity is man ifeeted among tbe farmers of that section in preparing for next years' harvest Scarlet fever is prevalent; one case has proved fatal. A young lady's opinion of the bon net of the season : Oh, the bonnets of my girlhood the kiud I" wore to school I I really thought them pretty. I most have, been a fool. ; And yet I used to think myself on hats a jaunty miss. Perhaps I was, : as fashion nt ; out what was that to this I Oh, therely little1 pancake the char minse iifctlemat I It makes my head so level, anogo very, very fiat V prudent' 3 man , says a witty renchman, MB like a pin. , His head prevents him from going to far.' ; , PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE. To the Senate nnd House of Representatives. In coming before you lor the first time a Chief Magistrate of this nation, it Is with gratuuue to tne uiver or nil good for tbe many benefits we enjoy We are blessed with peace at home, and are without en tangling alliances abroad, or trouble to forebode. With a territory unsurpassed in fertility, of an area equal to the abundant support of five hundred millions of people, and abounding in every variety of useful mineral, ia quantity sufficient to support the world for generations, with exuberant crops; with variety of climate adapted to the production of every species of the earth's produce, rich and suited to tbe hab its, tastes and requirements of every living thing ; with a population of forty millions of free people, all speaking one language, with facilities for every mortal to acquire an education ; with institutions closing to none tbe avenue to fame or any blessing of fortune that may be coyeted ; with freedom of tbe pulpit, press and schools ; with a revenue flowing into the national treasury beyond tbe jrequirecients of the Govern ment demand. Harmony is being rapidly restored within our borders; manufactures, hitherto unknown in our country, are springing up in all directions, producing a degree of national independence unequal ed by that of any other power. These blessing?, and countless others, are entrust ed to your cire and mine, for sate keeping for the briet period of our tenure of office. In a short time we miii?t each of us return to the ranks of tbe people who have con ferred upou us our powers, anil account to them for the f-tewardship. I earnestly tie- sire tnat neitner yon or 1 may be condemn ed by a tree and enlightened constituency, nor oy our own consciences. Emerging trom a rebellion of gigantic magnitude, aided as it were by :he sympa thy and assistance of the nation with whi.:b w were at peace, eleven States of the Union were four yeots ago left without le gal Mate Governments. A debt has been contracted; American commerce was al most driven from the seas ; tbe industry of oue-half the country had been taken from the control r,f the capitalists and placed where nil labor liehiiully belongs, in the keeping of laborers. THE CONDITION OF THE COINTUY. The work of restoring State Govern ments loyal to the Union, of tho protecting and fostering of labor and provibing means lor paying tiie interest on the public debt nas received ample attention lrm Con gress. Although your efforts have not met with tho success in all pariictilars that might have been desired, yet on the whole they have been more successlul than could have been reasonably anticipated. Seven of tbe States which passed ordinances of secession have been fully restored to their placeavin the Union. The eighth (Georgia) bas held an election at which she ratified a Constitution. Republican in form, elected a Governor, members of Congress and a State Legislature, with all other officer re quired. The Governor whs duly installed. and the Legislature met and performed all tne acts men required of them by the re construction acts of Ctmyress. Subse qaently, however, in violation of the Con stitntion that hud jui-t been ratified, a; since decided by tbe Supreme Court of the State, tliey unseated the colired membe ot ti e Legislature and admitted to seats members who are disqualified by the third clause of thcFourteentb Amendment in the Constitution, an article which they them selves had contributed to ratify. Under inese circumstances 1 would submit to von whethe it would not be wise, without delay, to pass a law authorizing the Governor ot Georgia to conv.me the member originall v elected to the Legislature, and requiring each member to take the oath prescribed by Uie recot.sti notion act. This doge, those to be admitted who are ineligible undei the third elausc of the Fourteenth Amend ment. The freedmen, under the protection which they have received, are making rapid pro gress in- learning, and no complaints are heard of a lack ot industry on their part wnen tney receive lair remuneration foi tbeir labor. Tho means provided for paying the inter est on the public debt, with all other ex penses ot government, are more than ample The l ss ot our commerce is the only re suit of tbe rebellion wbich bas not received sufficient attention from you. To this sub jeel I call your earnest attention. I will not now suggest the means by which tbis object may be effected, but will, if neces ary, make it the subject of a special mes sage during the sessiou of Congress. At the March term Congress, by a joint reso lution, aathorized the Executive to order an election in the Slates"of Virginia, Miss issippt and Texas, at which was to be sub mitted the constitution which each had previously in convention framed, and these were to be submitted either entire or in sepurate parts to be voted on. at the dis cretion of the Executive. Under this au thority elections were called in Virginia, The election took place on the lith of July lel9. 1 tie Governor elected baa been in stalled ; tbe Legislature met and did all re quired by this resolution and by the recon struction acts of Congress, and refrained from all doubtful authority. I recommend to our Senators and Representatives that tbe State be fully restored to its place in the family of States. Elections were were called in Mississippi and Texas, to com mence on the 30th of November, and to last two days in Mississippi and four days in lexas. 1 he elections have taken plac? but the result is not known. It is to be hoped that tbo acts of tbe Legislature of these States, when they meet, will be such as to receive your approbation, and then close the work ot reconstruction. Among Ibe evils growing out of tbe re bellion, and not yet referred to. is that of an irredeemable currency. It is an evil which I hope will receive your most earn est attention. It is the duty one of the highest of the duties of tbe Government to secure to the citizens a medium of exchange ot unvarying value, j his implies a return to a specie basis, and no substitute for it can be devised. It should bi commenced now and reached at the the earliest practi cable moment, consistent with a fair regari to the interests of the debtor class. Imme diate resumption, if practicable, wonld not be desirable. It weuld compel the debtor class to pay beyond tbeir contracts Ibe pre mium on t old at the date of their pur chase, and would bring bankruptcy and ruin to thousands. Fluctuation, however, in tbe paper value of the measures of all value (of gold) is detrimental to trade. It makes the man of business an involuntary gambler, for in all sales, when future pay ment is to be made, both parties speculate as to wLat will be tbe value of tbe cur-en-cy when paid and received. 1 earner. ly recommend to you. then such legislation as will insure a gradual return to sperie pay ments, and put an immediate stop to fluctu ations in the value of tbe cuirency. The methods to secure these results are as nu merous as are tbe speculations on political economy. To secure tbe latter I see but one way. and that is to authorize the Treas ury to redeem its own paper at fixed prices whenever presented ; to withhold from cir culation alt such currency redeemed until sold again for gold. The vast resources ot the nation, both developed and undevel oped, ought to make our credit tbe best n the earth. With a less burden of taxation than the citizens has endured for six years past, ; the entire public debt could be paid in ten years; but it is desirable that the people should not be taxed to pay in that time.' Year by year tbe ability to pay in creases in rapid ratio, but the burden of interest ought to be reduced as rapidly as can be done witbont the violation of the contracts. The pub ic debt is represented in greater part by bonds, having from fiVe to twenty and from twenty to Jorty years to run,, bearing interest at the rate of six per cent and five per cent., respectively. It Is optional with tbe Government to pay their bonds at aoy period after the expira tion of tbe last time mentioned upon tbeir face. ; The time has already expired when a great part of tbem may be taken up. and the time is rapidly approaching when all may be. It is believed that all whicH art now due may be replaced by bonds bear ing a rate of interest not exceeding four and a half per cent., and as rapidly as the remainder b0jmes due, that they may be replaced in the same way. To acclompisb tbis it may be necessary to authorize lnter- st to be paid at either of three or four money centers of Europe, or by any Assis tant Treasurer, at the option of tbe holders ot r tbe bonds. . I, recommend this subject for tlie con ueriuou of Congress. Also I simultaneously with this, the propriety f ! redeeming our currency as before suggested, at its niaiket value at the time the law goes into effect ; increasing the rate at wbich currency will be bought or sold from day t,) day, or week to week, at the same rate of interest as the Government pays upon its bonds. Tbe subject of tariff and internal taxa tion will necessarily receive your attention. The revenues of the country are greater than the requirements and may with safety be reduced ; but as the funding of the debt in four or four and a half per cent, bonds would reduce the annual current expense largely, and : then, after funding, justify a a greater reduction of taxrtion tban would be now expected. I suggest the postpone ment of this question nutil the next meet ing of Congress, when it may be advisable to modify taxation and tbe tariff in in stances where unjust or burdensome dis criminations are made by the present laws. But a general revision of tho laws regula ting tbis subject. I recommend the post ponement for the present. I also suggest the renewal of the tux on incomes, but at a reduced rate, ay of three per cent, this tax to expire in three years. With the funding of the national debt, I feel safe in saying that the taxes and revenue from im ports may be reduced safely from sixty to seventy millions per annum at once, and still further reduction from year to year, as the resources of the country uie developed. . FINANCES. ! The report of the Secretary of the Treas ury shows the receipts of Government for the fiscal year ending June lit). 1809, to be .$370.9 13 and the expenditures, includ ing interest, etc., to be s:'21.410.51l7. The estimutesrfbr the ensuing yeur are more fa vorable to the Government and will, no doubt, show a large decrease of the public debt. The receipts in the treasury beyond expenditures have exceeded th; turn unit necessnrv to place to the credit of the sink ing fund, as provided by law. To lock Uj the surplus in the treasury and withhold it from circulation would lead to such a con traction of the currency ns to cripple trade and serioilsly affect the prospects oi the country. Under the.-e circums'anc s. the Secretary of the Treasury and myself heart ily concurred in properly using all t! is sur plus currency in the treasury for tbe pur chase ot Government bonds, fins reducing the interest bearing debt of the country, and of submitting to Congress tbe question of the disposition to bo made of the bonds as purchased. .The bunds now held by the treasury amount to about $75. 000.000. in cluding those belonging to the sinking fund. 1 recommend that the whole be placed to the credit ol the sinking fund. Your attentio" is respectfully invited to the recommendations of the Secretary of the Treasuty for the creating of the office of Commissioner of the Custom lievenue. for the increase of salary to a certain clas of officials, and thesubstitution of increased national funds and circulation to replace tie outstanding 3 per cent, certificates, and most especially to bis recommendation for the repeal of the laws allowing shares of fines, penalties, forfeitures, etc., to the offi cers -f the Goer. merit or to informers The office of Commissioner of Internal liev eniie is one of the most onerous and import ant under the Government. It falls but lit tle if any short of u Cabinet position in its importance and lesponsibilities It is there fore recommended to such legislation as in your judgment will place this office on a footing of dignity commensurate with its importance and character, and ability and qnalifien'ion with tbe clai-s of men required to tiill it properly. As the L'niieil Stales is the freest of all nations, so its people sy mpaihize with ail people struggling for liberty and sell-government, lint while so sympathizing, it is d to our honor that we should abstain lroin enforcing our views upon unwilling nations, from taking uu interested part in initiatory qnurles between different nations or between government t tutd their subjects. Our course should always be in conformity with sii ict justice and iifternationul law to all. Such has been the policy of the Administration dealing with these questions. For more than a year a valuable province of Spain, a near neighbor "f ours, in whom all our people cannot but feel a deep inter est, has been struggling for iis independence and treedom. The people and Government of the Uniied Stales entertains the same warm feeling and sympathies for tbe people of Cuba in their pending struggle that they manifested throughout the previous strug gle? between Spain and her colonies in be half of the latter. Dot the countries, at no time, have asi-umed the conditions which amount fo, the war in the sense ot interna tional law or which would show the exist ence of a political organization of iiisur gents sufficient to justify a recogni ion of their belligerency. The principle is main tained, howeter, that this natiou will be its own judge as 16 the rights of belligerency, either to a people struggling to force them selves from a go eminent they believe to be oppressive, or to independent nations at war with each other. The United St .tes have no di.-posi ion to interfere with existing re lations of Spain to her colonial possessions on this continent. They believe in due time Spaiu and other European powers will find their interest terminating these relations and establishing their present dependencies as independent powers, tis members of tbe families of nations. These dependencies aie no loncer regarded as subject to transfer from one European power to another. When the present relations of the colonies cease they ere to become independent pow ers; exercising the right of ehoice and of self-control in the determination of their future condition and relations wiih other powers. The United States, in order to put a ftrp to bloodshed in Cuba, and sn the in ter st of neigl.boting people, proffered their good offices to bring tbe existing contest to a termination. The offer not being accepted by Spain on a basis whic! was believed could be received by Cuba, it was withdrawn. It is hoped that the good offices of the United State may yet prove advantageous for the settlement of tlris unhappy struggle. Mean while . a number of illegal expeditions against Cuba bave been broken up. It has been the endeavor of the Administration to execute the neutrality laws in good faith, no matter bow unpleasant the task may be. so that they may avoid the suffering w have endured from a lacl of good taitb towards the United States by other nations in regard to us. Tbe schooner Lizzie Major was arrested on the high seas by a Spanish frigate 8Dd two passengers taken from it and carried as prisoners to Cuba. Representations of ( these facts were made to the Spanish Gov ernment as stHin as official information of them reached Washington. The two pass eugers were set at liberty ami the Spanish Government assured the Uuiied States that the captain of the frigate, in making the capture, hal acted without law, and that he bad been reprimanded for tbe irregularity of bis coi.duct.and that the Spanish antbor ities in Cuba would not sanction any act that could violate the rights or treat with 'd srespect ibe sovereignty of the nation The question of the seizure of the brig Mat y Lowell at one of the Bahama Islands by the Sp-misb authorities is now the subject of a correspondence between this Government and that ol Spain ami Great Britain. The Captain General of Cuba, about May last, issued a proclamation authorizing' n search to be made of vesels on ihe high sens. Im mediate remonstrance against this was made whereupeu the Captain General issued a new proclamation, limiting the right of search of ves-elsof the United Slates so far asautorized under tbe tieaty of 1793. This proclamation, however, was immedi ately withdrawn. I have always felt that tbe most intimate relations sbou d be cn I ti valed between the Republic ot the United States and all independent nations on tbis continent. It may be well worth cons der. ing whether treaties between the United States and them may not be profitably en tered into to secure mere intimate relations, friendly and otherwise. THE PABIEM CANAL. The subject of an iuteroctauij canal to con nect tbe Atlantic and Pacific oceans, through tbo Uthmua nf Darien, ia en in which tbe United States is greatly interested. Instruc tions have been given our minister at the Be pnblio of the United States of Colombia t endeavor to obtain authority for a surrey b . this Government, in order to determine the practicability of such an undertaking, and ebarter for the right of way, to be built by r rivet enterprise, if tbe rerrey proves it to be practicable. . ,-y,.,.y Mac- v Io order to comply with the agreement of the United States as to mixed oommisdions at Lima for the adjustment of claims, it became necessary to scud a Commissioner and Secre tary to Lima in August last. u appropria ttuus eaviag been made for this purpose, it is now asKed that one be made, covering the past and future expenses of the Commission. r-ARAGtrAT. IIs made the intercourse with that country so difficujt that it has been deemed advisable to withdraw our representatives from there. OTHER FOREIGN AFFAIRS. The good offices of the United States to bring about peace between Spain and the South American Republics with which she is at war having been accepted by Spain, Peru and Chile, a Congress has been invited to be held at Washington during the present winter. A grant bas boea given to .Europeans of an exclusive right of transit over the territory of Nicaragua, to which Costa Rica has given its assent, but which, it is alleged, conflicts with vested rights of citizens of the United States. The Department of State has now this subject under consideration. The Minister of Peru having made repre sentations that there was a state (?) between Peru and Spain, and that Spain was construct ing in and near New York, Government gun boats which might be used by Spain ia such a way as to relieve the naval force at Cuba so as to operate against Peru, orders were given to prevent their departure. Whether steps bave been taken by representatives of the Peruvian Government to prevent the departure of these vessels, I do not feel authorized t detain the property of the nation with whom we are at peace, on a uiero executive order. The mat ter has b3U referred to the Courts to decide. Towards tbe close of the last administration a convention was signed at London for the settlement of all outetonding claims between (Jreat Britain and the United States, which failed to receive the advice and consent of the Senators to its ratification. Time and circuui stauyes attendiug the negotiation of the treaty were favorable to its acceptance by the people of the United States ; but its provisions were wholly inadequate for the settlement of the jcrave wrongs that had been sustained by this Government as well as its citizens. The in juries resulting to the United States by reason of tho course adopted by Great Britain during our late civil war in me increases rates of in surance, in the diminution of exports and im ports, and other respects to domestic, industry and production ; its effects upon the foreign commerce of tbe countryf in the decrease and transfer to Great Britain of our commercial marine ; in prolongation of war and the in creased cost, both in treasure and lives, of its suppression, could not be adjusted and satis fied ns ordina.y commercial claims, which continually arise between commercial nations, and yet the convention treated them as such ordinary cUim. from which they differ more widely in tbo gravity of their character thun in the magnitude of their amount, great even as that is. There was found a wide difference of opinion as to the reciprocity treaty between tho United Slates and the British Provinces on this continent, which has not been favora bly considered by tho Administration. Tbe adi-ontages of such a treaty would be totally in favor of tho British producer, except, pos sibly, as t few engaged in tho trade be tween the two sections. No citizen ot the Unite 1 States would be benefitted such reci procity. Our internal taxation would prove a protection to the British producer almost equal to the protection which our manufac turers now receive from that tax. Some ar rangement, however, for the regulation of commercial intercourse between tbe United Slates and the Dominion, for adjusting the claims of tho Hudson Bay and Paget Sound Agricultural Companies, on the part of the United States, has terminated its labors ; the allowance of $650,000 has been made, and all the rights and titles of the Company on the territory of the United States have been made over, and all rigldjj and titles of that Com pany on the territory of the United States have been extinguished, and deeds fur the property of the Company havo been received. An appropriation by Congress to meet, this sum is a'ked. The Commission fr determin ing the Northwestern land boundary between the United States and the British Possessions, under the treaty of 156, have completed its labors and the Commission Las been dis charged. In conformity with the recommendation of Congress, proposition was early made to the British Government to abolish the mixed courts created under the treaty of April 18th, 1S62, fr the suppression of the slave trade. TBE FRENCH CABLK. It having come to my knowledge that a corporate eompany, organized under British laws, proposed to land upon the shores of the United States, and to operate their submarine cable under concession from His Majesty the Emperor of the French, with an exclusive right for twenty years, f telegraphic com munication between the shores of France nnd the United States, with the very objectionable feature of f ubjecting all messages confided to them to his sovereignty, and to the control of the French Government, I caused tho French unit British legations at Washington to be made acvuaititcd wiih the probable policy of Congress of the subject, as foreshadowed by the bill which passed the Senate in March Inst. This drew from the representatives of the company an agreement to accept as n basis of their operations the provisions of the bill, or of such other enactments on the subjects as might be passed by the approaching session of Congress ; also, to use their influence with tho French Government to secure a modification of their concession, so as to permit the land ing upon French soil of a cable belonging to any company incorporated by authority of the United States or any State in the United States, and on their part not to oppose the es tablishment of any such cable. In considera tion of this agreement, I directed the with drawal of all opposition by the United States authorities to the landing of the cable and the working of it untill tho meeting id Congress. I regret to say there has been no modification tnndo in the Company's concession, nor, so far as I cisn learn, have they attempted to secure one. Their concession cxeludes the capital aud the citizens of the United States from competition upon the shores of France. I re commend legislation to protect the rights of citizens of tho United States as well as the dignity and sovereignty of the nation against such an assumption. I shall also endeavor to secure by negotiations an abandonment of the principle of monopolies on ocean telegraph ing cables. Copies of this correspondence are herewith furnished. FICTITIorS CITIZEXSHIP. The unsettled political condition of these countries less tortunale than our own sometimes induces their citizens to come to the United States for the sole purpose of becoming naturalized. Having secured this they return to their native country and reside there, and without disclosing their change of allegiance they accept official positions of trust and Potior which can only be held by citisens of their native land. They journey under passports describing tbem us such citizens, and it is only when civil discord, after perhaps years of quiet. threatens ihem or threatens their person or properly, or when tbeir native State draws them into its military service, that tact of this chanire of allegiance is made known. They reside permanently from the United Sra'e., they contribute nothing to their revenues ; ihey avoid tbe claims Of its citi zenship, and they only make themselves known by asking tor our protection. I hare directed the diplomatic and consular officerr of the United States, to scrutinize carefully all such claims of protection. Tbe citizen of the United States, whether h;iiive or adopted, who diseharges his duty to his country, is entitled to complete pro tec'ioii and should have a voice in the di rection ot its afftirs. But I shall not p- n sei t to impair a sacred right by confering it upon fictitious or fraudulent claimants. EMIORANT PROTKCTIOX. On the accession of the present Adminis tration, it was found that the Minister for North Germany had made a proposition for negotiations of a convention for tbe pro tection of emigrant passengers, to which no re ponse had been given. It was con cluded that to be effectual, all the maritime powers engaged in trade, shcnld join in such a n'easnre. Invitations have been extended lo the Cabinets ot London. Paris. Berlin, Brussels, the Hague, Copenhagen Florence and Stockholm, to empower iheir representatives at Washington to simulta neously enter into negotiations or conclude wiih the United States, conventions identi cal in form, us to the construction of the parts of vessels to be devoted to the use of emigrant passengers ; as to tbe quality and quantity of food ; as to medical treat ment of the sick during tbe voyage ; in or der to secure ventilation ; to promote health; lo prevent interruption and to protect families and providing for the es tablishment of tribunals in the several countries for enforcing such regulations by summary process. MANrFACTCKKS. Yonr attention is respectfully called to the law regarding tariff on Prussian bemp. and to the question whether to fix the charges on Prussian hemp higher than ihey are fixed upon Manilla, is not a violation of our treaty with Prussia, placing her pro ducts upon the same footing with those of the most favored nations. Our manu factures are increasing with wonderful ra pidity under the encouragement which it now receives, and with tbe improvements in machinery already effected, and they are still increasing, thus causing machinery to take the place of skilled labor to a large extent. Our imports of many articles must fall off largely within a few years. Fortunately too many manufactures are not confided to a few localities, as formerly, and it is to be hoped that they will become more and more diffused, making the inter est in them equal in allysectious. They give employment to hundreds and thou sands of people at home, and retaiu with ns nieacs which otherwise would be shipped abroad. The extension of railroads in Europe and tbe East is bringing into com petition with our agricultural produce those of other countries. Self interest, if not self preservation, therefore, declares in fa vor of caution against disturbing any in dustrial interests of the country. It teaches us ulso the necessity of looking to other mnrkets for the sale of our Suplus. ASIAN' AND SOUTU AMKKICAX ft EI.ATIOX.S. Our neighbors south of the United States and China and Japan, should receive spe cial attention. It will be the endeavor of the Administration to cultivate such rela tions with all the nations as to be entitled to their confidence and them interested ; as will establish better commercial relations through the agency of a more enlightened policy than that heVetotore pursued. Toward China it due to the capacity" and etforis of one of our own disiingulshed citizens that the world is about to com mence largely increased relations with the populous and bilherto exclusive nation. As the United States have been the initiators of the policy, they sbeuld be the most earnest in showing their good faith and making it a success. In this connection, I advise such legislation as will foiaver preclude theenslave inent of the Chinese upon our soil under tho name of coolies, and to prevent American ves sels from engagirg in the transportation of coolies to any country, or tolerating the sys tern. I also recommend that the Mission to China be raised to one of the first-class. THE OBJECTS OF THE ADMINISTRATION. On my assuming the responsibilities of Chief Magistrate of the United States, it was with tbe conviction that three things were es sential to its peace and prosperity and to tbe fullest development. Fir.-t among these is strict integrity in fulfilling our obligations ; second, to secure piotoction to the person and property of the citizen of our common coun try, wherever he may chance to move, without reference to original nationality, religion, color or politics, demanding of him obedience to the laws nnd the proper respect for the rijihtii of others ; third, the union of all the States, with rights iudisputubie by any but constitutional means. To secure the first of these Congress has taken two essential steps in declaring by joint resolution that the public dt-bt should be paid, principal and interest, in coin. Second, by providing the means for paying the principal. However, we could not secure tho object desired without the proper administration of laws for tho collection of revenues, and the economical disbursement of them. To this subject tbe Administration has most earnestly addressed itself, with results, I believe, satisfactoro to the country. 'I here has been no hesitation in changing officials in order to secure tho efficient execution of tbo laws: sometimes, too, where in a mere party view tbe political results that were to-day, follow from any hesitation in sustaining effi cient officers against remonstrances wholly political. It may be well to mention here that em barrussnient may possibly arise ti om leav ing on the statute book the so-called Ten tire of office acts, ami to earnestly recom mend their toiul repeal. It could not have been the intention of the "framers of tfie Constitution, when providing that appoint ments made by the President should re ceive the consent of the Senate, that the latter .should have the power to retain in offices persons disp'aced by federal appoint ments agninst the will of the President. The law is inconsistent with a faithful nnd effective administration of tbe Government. What faith can tbe Executive put in officials forced upon him ? those, too, whom he bas suspended for reason? How would such offi cials be likely to serve tho Administration wnich they know does not trust them. For the second requisite to our growth and pros perity, time and a firm but humane adminis tration of existing laws, amended from time to time as they may prove ineffectual or harsh or uneeeessary, are probably all that is re quired. The third cannot be obtained by spe cial legislation, but must be regarded ns fixed by the Constitution itself, and gradually ac quiesced in by the force of public opinion. 1SP1AS AFFAIRS, foundation of the Government to the management of th'i original From th the present inhabitantsof this continent (the Indians) has been attended with continuous robberies, mur ders and wars. From my ownexperience when on the frontiers and in Indian countries, I do not bold either the legislation or tho conduct of the whites who come nearest in contact with the Indians blameless. The deeds of the past, however, cannot be undone, and the question must be met as we now find it. I have adopted a new policy towards these wards of tho na tion. They cannot be regarded in Rny other light than as wards. It has been attended with lair results so far as tried, nnd which, I hope, will be attended ultimately with great success. The Society of Friends is well known as having succeeded in peace with the Indians in the early settlement of Pennsylvania, when their while neighbors of other sections wero constantly embroiled. They are also known for their opposition to all strife, violence and war, and aro generally noted for tbeir strict in tegrity and fair dealing. These considerations iuduced me to give the management of a few reservations of Indians to them, and to throw Uhe burden of the selection of agents upon the society itsell. Ihe result bas proved most satisfactory. It will bo found more fully set forth in the report of the Commissioner of In dian Affairs and of the Superintendents. For Indian Agents not on reservations, officers of the army were selected. The reasons for this are numero'ue. The Indian Agents are sent here or there ; troops must be sent also. The agent and commander of the troops aro inde pendent of each other, and aro subject to or ders from different departments of the Govern ment. The army officer holds a 'position for life the agent one nt the will of the Presi dent. The former is personally interested in living in harmony with the Indians and the establishment of permanent peace, to the end that some portion of his life may be spent within the limits of the civilized section. The latter has no such peisonnl interest. Another reason is an economic one ; and still another is the hold which the Government bas upon tbe life of the officer, to secure a faithful dis cbarge of bis duties in carrying out a given policy. The building of the railroad, and the access thereby given to all the agricultural and mineral region of this country, is rapidly bringing civilized settlements in contact with all tbe tribes of Ibdians, nnd no matter what ought to be the relations between such settle ments nod the aborigines, the fact is they do not harmonize well, and one or the other has to give way in the end. A system which looks to the extermination of a race is too horrible for any nation to adopt without entailing noon itsul f the wrath of all Christendom, and en gendering in the citizen a disregard for human lite and the rights of others, daugerous to so ciety. I see no substitute for such a system except in placing all the Indians on large reservations as rapidly as it can be done, and giving them absolute protection there as soon as they are fitted for it. They should be in duced to take their lands In severalty, and to set up territorial government for their own pro tection. For the full details on this subject, I eall your special attention to tbe reports of the Secretary of tbe Interior and tbe Commission ers of Indian Affairs. WAR DEPARTMENT. ! The report of tbe Secretary of War sbows tbe expenditures of the War Depart ment for tbe year ending 30th of June. 18(iD. to be $80,614,012. of which 23 882.310 was disbursed in the puyinent of debts con ducted during the war, and is not cbargo able to curreut army expenses. Tbe esti mate of the army for tbe next fiscal year is as low as it is believed it can be. Tbe es timates of the bureau of officers have been carefully scrutinized, and reduced when ever it bus been deemed practicable. If, however the condition of the country should be such by the beginning of the. next fiscal year as to admit of a greater contraction of Hroops. the appropriation asked for will not be expended. .The ap propriation estimotes for river and harbor improvements, and fortifications are sub mitted separately. Whatever amount Con gress may deem proper to appropriate for these purposes will be expended. Tbe recommendation of the General of the army that appropriations be mado for the torts tjt Boston. Portland. ew York, Philadelphia, New Orleans and San Fran cisco, it for no others, is eoucurretl in. I also ask your special attention to the re commendation of IDe General commanding tbe military Division of tbs Pacific for tlm sale of the seal of islands of St. Paul and St. George, Alaska Teiritory. nnd suggest that either it be complied with or that leg islation be bad for the protection of the seal fisheries, from which a revenue should be derived. The report of the Secretary of War con tains a synopsis of the heads ol bureau of tbe commanders of. tbe military divisions of the Districts! of Virginia. Mississippi and Texas, and the report of the General of the army in full. The reconuiK-iHlatioirs there in contained eave been considered, and are snhraitted for your action. I, however, call special attention to the recommenda tion ot the Chief of Ordnance for the salcr of arsenals and lands no longer of use to the Government. I also recommend the suggestion of tho Secretary of War that the act of the 3d of March. 18G9. prohibit ing promotions aud appointments in the staff corps of tbe army be repealed. The exteut cf country to be garrisoned, and tbe number of military posts to be occupied, i n the rule, is the name with a reduced a with a large one. The number of stuff of ficers required is more dependant upou tbo latter than the foimer coddition. TUB N.VYV. The report of lhe Secretary of the Navy accompanying thss shows the condition ot the navy when this Administration came iuto office, and the changes that bave been made since. Strenuous efforts have, been made to place us many vessels in commis sion, or rende;- them fit for service if re quiied. as soon us possible, tind substitute the sail lor steam while cruising, thus ma terially reducing the expense- of the navy, end Mddiiijr materially fo i:s efficiency. Looking to our future, a liberal though e t extravagant policy toward this branch of the public service is commended. THE POSTAL. SERVICE. The report of the Postmaster General furnishes a clear and comprehensive exhibit of the operation ot the Postal service and ot the financial condition. Of this. part of the Fostoffic Department the ordinary post al revenues lor ihe year ending June 30th. 18( 9. amount to $18,344,001, and tbe expen ditures to $23,CS!,lt)l, showing an excess ot expenditures over the receipts' $o,333.C2U, the excess of expenditures over receipts for the previous year amounted to $7,437,992, tt'e increase of this department's revenues for 18(11 over those of 18G8. was $2,051,909, and the increase ot expenditures was $9. 075.938. The increased revenue of 1MJ9 exceeded the increased revenue of 1808 iy S599G.33(i. TLe increased expenditures in 1809 were $2,527,570 less than the increased expenditures in 1807. showing by compari son this gratifying feature of improvement, that while the increase of expenditures over the increase of receipts in 1S08 was $2,439,535. the increase of receiplsover lhe increase ot expenditures of 1809 was Sl, 0S4.371. Your attention is respectfully called to the iecommendation made by the Postmaster General for authority to change rates ol compensation to-' lhe Ma-in Trunk llailtoad lines tor .services in coin for car rying tbe mails; for having post routes now executed; for re organizing and incres ing the efficiency of special agents; lor in crease, ot mail service on the Pacific, and forestabiishiug mail serivices under the flag of the L'uioti on tbe Atlantic. And especi ally do I call your attention lo his recom mendation for the total abolition ot the lranking privilege. This ih mo abuse from which no one receives a commensurate ad vantage. It reduces tbe receipts for the postal service from 25 to 39 per cent, aui' largely increases tne services to be perlorm ed. The method bv which postage should be paid upon publfe matter, is set torih ful ly in the repot t of lhe Postmaster General. THK PLB1.1C I.ASDS. Tbe report ot the Secretary of the I iter ior shows that the quantity of public finds disposed of during the year ending June 30, 1809, was 7.00U.152 acres, exceeding that of the proceeding year by 1,010.152 acres, ex ceeding that ol the preceeding year by 1. 010,400 acres. Of' tbis aniotin't 2.737.105 acres were sold for cash, and 2.737.105 acres secured by the homestead laws; the remain der was granted to aid Ihe construction of works of internal improvements, approved to the States as swamps, and land warrants and scrip. The cash receipts from all sour ces were S4.472.9N7, exceeding those of the preceeediug year $2,840,140. PENSIONS. During the last fiscal year 23.196 names were added to the pension rolls, and 4.80(1 dropped therefrom, leaving' at the close lS7.tti3. The amount paid to pensioners, including tho compensation of disbursing agents, was $28,428, an iucreaseof $4 11.152 on that of the previous year. The munifi cence of Congress has been conspicuously manifested in its legislation for the soldiers and orphans w ho suffered in tbe struggle to maintain that unity of Government which makes us one people. The additions to the pension rolls of each successive year since the conclusion of hostilities result'in a gre it degree from the reu pealed amendments ot the act of the act of the 14th of July, 1S07, wbich extended its provisions to cases not falling within tbe original scope. Tbe large oallay which is thus occasioned is further increased by tee more liberal allowance bestowed since that date upou those who in the line of duty were permanently or whol ly disabled. Public opinion has given an emphatic sanction to utbese measures of Congress, and it will be conceded that no part ot our public buiden is more cheerful ly borne than that which is imposed by this branch ot the service. It necessitates for lhe nextliscal yearan addition to theumount justly chargeable to the Naval Pension Fund of an fippropriut on of SSO.OOO.OtlO during the pear ending Sep. 3'), 1809. . TIIE PATENT OFFICE. The patent Office i-sned 13.8(52 patents, and the receipts were $o;it 3S'J. being $213. 035 more tban lhe expenditures. 1 would respectfully call your attention . to tbe re ciramendation or the Secretary ot the Inte rior for uniting the duties of supervise n of the education ot freedmen with the other duties devolving upon the Commissioner of Education, if it is the desire of Congress to make tbe tnnsits. which must be tuk,-n du ring the year 1879, nu re complete and per feci than heretofore. I would suggest early uctiou upon any plan that mayne agreed upon, as Congress at the lustsession up pointed a committee to take into considera tion suoh tneastites as might be deemed proper in reference lo tbo cetisus, and to report a plan. I desist from saying more. 1 recommend to your favorable consider ation the claims or ihe Agricultural "fitireau for liberal appropriation. In a country so diversified in climate and soil as ours, and with a population so largely dependant upon agriculture, the benefits' to be con ferred bp properly fostering its Bureau are incalculable. I desire respectfully to c.itl tbo attention of Congress to the inadequate salaries of a number sf lhe most important officers of tho Government. In this message I will not enumerate, but 1 will specify only tbe Jus tices of tbe SupremeXIourt. No change bas been made in their salaries in 15 years. Within that lime the labors of the Curt have largely increased, an I the expenses of living bave at least doubled. During the same time Con ress has twice found it nec essary to increase largely the compensation ol its own vpt'iubers. nnd tqe duty it owes to another department of the Goveromt nt deserves to, aud undoubtedly will, receivo its due consideration. There are mcny subjects not alluded to in this message, wbicU- might wiih propri ety be introduced, but i adstnin. believing your patriotism and statesmanship will sug gest tbe topics for legislation most conduc ive to the interests of tho whole people. On my' part I promise rigid advocacy of the laws and tbeir strict enforcement. U.S. GRANT. Washington, D. C, Dec. C. 1869. J A North western pacer tells this mournful yet romantic story : 'An Iowa soldier, supposed to have been killed long ago, returned to hia family, and found to his Borrow, that his wife, supposing him to be dead, had re mained siugle. He had gothiaeye on another woman, and " hoped eho had plicod.' "V
