' ' " ' v. . ' ' " '"' " '
DEVOTED TO NEWS, LITERATURE, AND THE BEST INTERESTS OF OREGON.
VOL. XII.
OREGON CITY, OREGON, THURSDAY. SEPTEMBER 26, 1878.
NO. 49.
f
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1 1
((
THE ENTERPRISE.
A LOCAL NEWSPAPER
roi t a
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OREGON LODGE, No. 3, I. O. O. F.
Mceta arery Thuraday Kraulug, at.
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By order of f. O.
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BUSINESS CARDS,
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OREGON CITY BREWERY.
at 3rviii2:it.
'Hive Brewery, TZ?
Mhey arel&ill
a fio. 1.
"H,
the fctate.
1
i a-
mm
ApotliBcary
Ou Broadway.
See! YoueiK America, LU active anus
With bundles laden.
Escorting Is a Hlip8bod kind of way
A pretty maiden.
Often she drops a yard or two behind
Before he'a missed her.
Ah! her relationship is plain
tlia eister.
And close behind the couplt; we have sn
Appears another
A young man with a venerable dame
Of course, his mother;
For he has with a patronizing air
Her ear enlisted,
And tells her things of which she was aware
Ere he existed.
Another pair, who walked far apart,
Scorn conversation.
He eyeing ail the young ami blooming girls
With aiin-ifatiort;
She.with a weary air. and loaded down
With goods he should have carried.
Seems filled w ith care; alas! the fact is clear,
These two are married.
One couple more their hands are slyly
clasped,
They seem devoted.
The g.'ances of sardonic passers-by
Are all unnoted,
Her eyes the color of the radiant sky
So bright above us
Look fondly into hia. Come let us go,
These two are lovers!
W. Y. Sun.
In the Seraglio.
One of the most interesting chapters
of the new book, "Twenty Years' Resi
dence Among the People of Turkey,"
Dy a lauy who was a consul 8 daughter
and a consul's wife, is the chapter of
the seraglio. Following are extracts:
One of the three palaces most re
nowned for beauty of architecture and
magnificence of furniture is liegler
Bey. It ia worthy of the use for which
it has been selected, of being the pal
ace offered for the occupation of illus
trious foreign visitors. lhe arrange
ments made in it for one imperial guest
were presided over by bultan Abdul
Aziz in person, and the private apart
ments of the illustrious lady were per
fect copies of those in her own palace.
The fastidiousness of the host on this
occasion was so great that on discover
ing that the tints on the walls and fur
niture slightly differed from those he
had seen when on his European tour
he ordered that everything should be
removed and new ones brought from
Paris. The fair visitor is Baid to have
been equally surprised and flattered by
the delicate attention that hod not
omitted even the smallest object of her
toilet table. The Saltan, in truly
Oriental fashion, caused a new pair of
magnificent slippers, embroidered with
pearls and precious stones, to be placed
before her bed every morning.
In Abdal-Medjid's time, clocks and
china vases were the only ornaments of
the apartments. Ihe absence of pic
tures, books, and the thousand differ
ent objects with which Europeans fill
their houses gave the rooms, even
when inhabited, a comfortless and un
used appearance.
Some years ago, when visiting the
private apartments of this Sultan, I
noticed a splendid antique vase. Late-
y, on speaking of this priceless object
to a seraglio lady, I was informed that
it had been thrown into the Bosphorus
by order of its owner. This act of
imperial extravagance was caused by
the supposition that the vase had been
handled by some person afflicted with
consumption.
Sultan Abdul-Aziz, a year or two be
fore his dethronement, possessed with
a nervous terror of fire, caused all in
flammable articles to be taken out of
the palaces and replaced them with ar
ticles manufactured of iron. The stores
of fuel were cast into the Bosphorus,
and the lights of the Sultan a appart-
ments were placed, in basins of water.
The houses in the neighborhood of the
seraglio were purchased by the Sultan,
their occupants forced to quit at very
short notice, their furniture turned
out, and the buildings pulled down at
once. Ibis tyrannical precautions
served to heighten the general discon
tent of the capital against the pand-
Ishan, especially among the poor,
who justly complained that they might
have benefitted by what- had been
wasted; while some of the wealthy,
though not more contented, profited by
the freak, and carried off many of the
rich objects taken out of the palace.
An account I recently saw of
the imperial Abdul-Aziz at 2,000,000.
The palace contained 5,500 servants of
both sexes. The kitchen alone re
quired 300 functionaries, and the
stables 4.00. There were also about 400
caikjis, or boatmen, 400 musicians, and
200 attendants who had the charge of
the menageries and aviaries. Three
hundred guards were employed for the
various palaces and kiosks, and about
100 porters. The harem, besides this,
contained 1,200 female slaves.
I am unable to give an estimate of the
expenses of the seraglio of the present
Sultan, but I have been informed on
good authority that llis Majesty per
sonally superintends the management
of the palace and regulates its expendi
ture with great wisdom and economy;
it will take some time, however, to put
an end to the disorder, corruption and
irregularity that have become so rooted
iu the whole system, and caused the
extravagance and waste that prevailed
in the households of former Sultans.
A Turkish proverb says, "Iialuk bash
Ian kokar" (the fish begins to decom
pose at the head) ; accordingly, if the
head is sound there is every hope that
the body will also keep fresh.
The haremlik of the seraglio contains
from 1,000 to 1,500 women, divided
among the Sultan's household that of
his mother, the Valide Sultana, and
those of the princes.
The vast host of women of all ranks,
ages and conditions, are without excep
tion of slave extraction, originating
from the cargoes of slaves that yearly
. t
find their way to Turkey from Cir
cassia, Qeorgia, Abyssinia, and Arabia,
in spite of the prohibition of the slave
trade. These slaves are sold in their
native land by unnatural relations, or
torn from their homes by hostile tribes,
to be subsequently handed over to the
slave dealers, and brought by them
into the capital and other large towns.
All these women are the offspring of
semi-barbarous parents, who seldom
scruple to sell their own flesh and
blood.
An ex-seralli of mv acquaintance had
herself offered as many as fourteen
young girls to the seraglio of Abdul
Aziz, after having reared each for the
duties that would probably devolve
upon Her. This lady said to me,
"What other crirl from a humble crea
ture like myself could ba so acceptable
to so great a personage as his Imperial
Majesty? Ai the time this conversa
tion took place she had a fresh batch
of young slaves in hand. They were
an smart-looking crirls. designated bv
fancy names Buch as Amore. Fidele.
Rosbiguole, Beaute, etc. Their dress
was rich, but ludicrous in the extreme.
being composed of cast-off seraglio
finery of all the colors of the rainbow;
some children wert even dressed in the
Turkish military uniform, which con
trasted strangely with the plaits of
ineir long thick hair tied up witn cot
ton rags. Their politeness, half saucy,
nan obsequious, was verv amusini?
On entering the room, they all stood
in a row at the lower end. and when
some jocus observations were made to
them by their mistress a readv and
half-impudent reply was never want
ing. The youngest, about 8 years of
age, was dressed in a miniature colo
nel s full uniform, on being addressed
by her owner by the name of "Pinch,"
and asked. "Will you have this lady s
1 ttle son for your husband? I mean to
marry him to you when you grow up!
the little miss laughed, and seemed
perfectly well acquainted with the
meaning of the proposal, and by no
means blushed at it.
The treatment these girls received
seemed to be very kind, but sadly
wanting in decency, morality and good
principle.
On the accession of a new Sultan to
the throne it was customary to make a
clearance of most of the inmates of the
seraglio and replenish it with fresh
ones, such as those that already belong
to the household of the new sovereign,
and others further to augment the
number.
A seraglio inmate, who had herself
enjoyed imperial favor of this descrip
tion, told me that it was very seldom
that a Blave enjoyed more than once
the passing notice of the Sultan, a dis
appointment naturally very deeply felt
by those who, after being suddenly
raised to the height of favor, find them
selves consigned again quickly to ob
livion, in which their future is passed.
There are manv amoDcr the reiected
favorites who have sensitive natures
and are capable of a serious attachment,
and in consequence of the sarcasms the
more favored, fail not to heap upon
them, the disappointment they have
experienced or the devouring jealousy
that unrequited love occasions are said
to become broken-hearted or die of
consumption. "Nor," continued my
informant, "was the condition of those
more closely connected with the Sultan
such asinsnred to them perfect happi
ness, mental unconcern, or security."
They are obliged to have recourse to
every art to preserve their beauty, fight
hard against the attacks and intrigues
of rivals and carefully to watch over
themselves and their offspring.
The real Turkish hanoum, or lady,
is a dignified, quiet person, elegant,
sensible, and often naturally eloquent,
condescending, and kind to those who
gain her good will, proud and reserved
to those who do not merit her esteem.
Her conversational resorces are cer
tainly limited, but the sweetness and
poetry of the language she uses, the
pretty manner in which her expres
sions are worded and the spirited re
partee that she can command have a
charm that atones for her limited
knowledge, ller manners, principles.
and choice of language offer a pleasant
contrast to those prevalent among the
generality and render her society ex
tremely agreeable.
There is another class of serailis who
present a not less interesting study.
Sensitive and refined, fragile and
dreamy in appearence, gifted perhaps
with virtues that have no occasion to
exercise, or with strong and passionate
feelings that in a seraglio can never
find vent in a solid and healthy
affection, they become languid and
spiritless, verging toward decline, to
which they tall victims unless released
(as occasionally happens) by being set
tree ana married .
Another class of searilis is the inde
pendent set, who are denominated deli
serailis or wild serailis, famous for
their extravagant ideas, disorderly
conduct and unruly disposition;
endowed with the bump of cunning
and mischief, joined to a fair amount
of energy and vivacity, they carry out,
in spite of high walls and the watchful
serveillanc et more than a hundred
eunuchs, all the wicked plans and mad
freaks their disorderly minds and im
pulsive natures suggests to them; their
lancnasre. manners, and actions are
such as no pen can describe. jV. Y.
Herald.
Tn the course of the seasons that
time has arrived when the young man
sits out on the front steps witu tne
idol of his soul and talks sentimental
nlnah and thinks he would be in Heav
en if he were married, whereas the
cirl a old man. who has been married
for some period, probes around the
house with a kerosene lamp, looking
for some cold grub for his supper,
arid he smiles a smile suggestive of sad
experience when he reflects that he was
onca vonnc and beautiful himself, and
as big a fool as the young man on the
stoop.
German Socialism.
The recent attempts, first by Hoedel
and then by Dr. Nobeling, to assassi
nate .Emperor William of Clermany,
have drawn renewed attention to the
threatening aspect of socialism in that
country. , A number of years ago
Prince Bismarck said he had to fight
with two enemies ultramontanism and
socialism. The former element cares
little for public institutions in compar
ison with the interests of Rome; and
the latter would pull down all govern
ments, level all aristocracies, and blot
out the boundaries of all states, in or
der to put rLe appliances of capital in
to the han of manual laborers. Lord
Beaconsfla.- 'i oace said something of
the same 1- I; " when he declared that
the chief V-yo.es of Europe were
the chur i-vme and the secret so
eifctieH. Prince'iJiamarek has been able
to fetter the Catholic clergy by means
of the Falk laws; but to stop the pro
pagation of socialistic doctrines is not
easy. They are in the air and effect
all classes. There is a socialism in the
lower classes which is equivalent to
the red republicanism of France, and
has in it all the elements of disorder,
which are liable to break out in an
emeute as violent as those which char
acterise the French commune. There
is a socialism in the literary classes, in
the churches, in the universities. Athe
istic and socialistic teachings in the
higher universities have begun to pro
duce their natural fruits; and the rest
lessness of the people is aggrivated by
hard times, high prices and an oppress
ive army law. Nobeling was no mere
ignorant mechanic like Hoedel, but a
person of good family, intelligence
and culture. Many of the German so
cialists are able men, who know per
fectly well what they wish to do, and
possess the organizing faculty which
nature has denied to French commun
ists. The aim of the democratic
association of German workingmen
of which the would be assasins are
members is to destroy the capitalist
class, not only in Germany but through
out Europe. The leaders do not pre
tend to believe that they can reach their
good by avenues of peace, or that they
are ready to wait for the slow effect of
natural change. They frankly put
their trust in revolution. Religion they
attack as vehemently as property. No
substantial effort to destroy the hard
ships of this world will be made, they
hold, until they root out the belief that
there is any other scene of happiness
than the present. All the spurts of
French impiety seem to be little more
than idle trifling in comparison with the
dull monotonous, solemn outpouring
of German atheism.
Socialism demands the entire over
throw of the present social system; the
abolition of all personal property in
land and other means of production,
and their cession to the state; tho in
troduction, of the co-operative plan in
labor, so that every laborer may be a
partner in every factory or workshop,
the compulsory limitation of the hours
at labor to eight hours a day ' or less,
according to the requirements of un
employed workingmen. It teaches
that there is no equity in private pro
perty, no sancity in religion, no purity
iu marriage, neither patrotism nor rea
son iu loyalty. German socialism owes
its origin as a political force to Ferdi
nand Liasselle. lhis man was one of
the most remarkable political agitators
of the present century, and his success
among the working classes of Germany
was marvelous. Me was a man of ex
traordinary vanity and ambition ; wrote
of the miseries of the poor from one
of the handsomest houses in Frankfort;
and withall was such a dandy in dress
that he would wear only clothing
made for him in Paris. He was a born
agitator and revolutionist. In 1861,
at the age of 38, he was killed iu a du
el, but not before he had already form
ed a powerful party in Germany. His
successor was ivarl Marx, who is the
recognized head of German socialism.
The party is already thoroughly repre
sented in the German parliament. The
elections for the Reichstag in 1874 pro
duced nine socialistic members; and
thirteen were elected in 1877, at which
time no less than four hundred and
eighty-five thousand votes were polled,
an increase of about forty per centum
in three years. The reason why so
many voters sent so few represetatives
to the Reichstag is because the party
is widely scattered over the empire.
When originally started, German so
cialism was in no way connected with
atheism; but it is not essentially athe
istic. Theological doctrine is regard
ed as part of the system which it is the
object of the party to overthrow, they
see it in the foundation of society in
its present form, and do not doubt that
if it is destroyed the superstructure
must follow. Hence, a capitalist is to
them not more loathsome than a preach
er or parson.
As there is scarcely a power in Eu
rope that is not more or less endanger
ed by these visionary and reckless
schemers, the German government will
have general sympathy in its efforts to
put them down. It will have the sym
pathy of the majority of the people in
the United States, who had last sum
mer an experience with these fellows.
They have some grounds of complaint.
They may be suffering from some
wrongs which ought to be righted, but
when they resort to assassination and
incediarism as the remedy for what
they consider as wrongs, when they
claim that all property should be di
vided, and that wealth is a crime, and
when they seek to destroy the church
and. society itself and plunge the world
into anarchy, then any government is
justified in putting them down by the
strong arm of force, however terrible
the process may be, the socialists of Ber
lin who met and drew lots to see who
shorJd be the assassin, have only them
selves to blame if the hour of retribu
tion has come. Exchange.
Edison's nom de plume is "Old Lightning."
COURTESY OF BANCROFT LIBRARY ,
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA,
BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA
Lost in the Black Hills.
After a fearful experience of five
days' wandering in the forests and can
yons of the Black Hills, Mrs. McLeod
safely returned to her home.
A reporter of the Enterpriat called
at the residence of Mrs. Annie McLeod,
who resides in Anchor City, and per
ceiving that she was considerably
exhausted from her travels and conver
sation with friends, he sought an inter
view with Wm. Clemmens, the gentle
man who found her, and who had
learned all the facts of her bewilder
ment and subsequent wanderings, from
which we learned, in substance, the
following:
In the afternoon of the same day she
left home, she was walking along hill
or standing by a precipice fifteen feet
high, and by some unaccountable
meansuhe slipped, or overbalanced,
falling the entire distance, where she
lay unconscious for the space of two
days. Finally she aroused and dis
covered that she had received a wound
below her left eye ; also that her right
hand had been sprained by the fall.
Though greatly exhausted and suffering
from the injuries received from the
fall, with returning consciousness came
her indomitable oourage. She arose
and attempted to regain the trail from
which she had staggered. Sha trav
elled till overtaken with darkness, only
to find that her search had been in
vain. Thus she wandered through the
lonely canyons, hope never forsaking
her, yet death from exhaustion and
starvation was staring her in the face.
Lonely must have been those long,
weary hours of night. Think of being
all alone in a deep, dark canyon, many
miles from the habitation of any human
being, with a pack of wild, ferocious
Solves within a few feet of you, uttering
angry growls and preparing to pounce
upon and devour you 1 Such, or t-imi-lar,
was the situation of Mrs. McLeod,
a lady of fifty-six years old.
When morning dawned, she could
behold the glorious Bun, but could see
no human being nor find her latitude.
When she came to a berry patch she
would fill her pail with the delicious
fruit, eat what she wanted and travel
on. On arriving at a spring on the
mountain side, or a babbling brook in
the valley, 6he would empty out her
berries and fill her pail with water al
ways before leaving the stream. She
was also very careful about the heat for
fear of getting a sunstroke. In her
precaution about all matters, she mani
fested extraordinary good judgment.
One day she was caught in a slight
hail storm, and after the storm passed
she picked up some drops, ate them,
and thought that they tasted as good
as any bread she had ever eaten.
When discovered by Mr. Cleramens
she was standing in the road, about
two miles beyond Spearfish, on the
Bear gulch rood. She presented a
wild appearance, her clothing being al
most torn to shreds from traveling
through the brush and over the rocks.
She had lost her bonnet when she fell
over the precipice ; on one foot Bhe
wore a shoe, while the other foot was
wrapped in a "piece of cloth. Mr. C.
spoke to her and asked : "What is the
matter ? She replied : "I'm lost." ;
"Where do you live ?" inquired Mr.
C. "At Anchor," was the reply.
Mr.Clemmens then took her to his
ranch.which was some two miles distant.
He told Mrs. O. to make her a cup of
tea and give her a small piece of toast,
knowing that she was too weak to en
dure a hearty meal.
Mr. C. took his gun, went out and
returned with a squirrel, from which
his wife made some broth for the al
most famished woman. Mr. Clemmens
was not aware that there was a woman
missing from Anchor, and that there
was a reward of $100 offered for infor
mation leading to her discovery, until
hejmet a friend from Spearfish City
who had read the news in the Western
Enterprise.
The most mysterious part of her ex
perience while wandering in the Jonely
woods, is.the fact that when she felt
faint and thought that she could go no
further and would lie down to'rest, sin
gular as it may seem, a little onipmunk
or squirrel would jump into her face ;
then she would arouse, get up and
walk a piece further. Again she would
become almost exhausted from fatigue
and would lie down, only to be dis
turbed with another chipmunk. This
being repeated every time she at
tempted to reconcile herself to her
fate, produced the impression upon
her mind that that was a presentiment
intended to stimulate her to move on,
which she did in each instance till she
was discovered by Mr. Clemmens.
Strange though it be, yet there must
have been something more than ordin
ary courage that enabled her to over
come all human weaknesses till she
came into the presence of her human
savior. Enterprise, Deodwood, Black
Hills.
The " Matrimonial Causes Amend
ment Act," which recently became a
law, contains a clause which gives
magistrates the power of ordering that
women, whose safety is in peril from
the assaults of their husbands, shall no
longer be bound to live with them, as
they hitherto have been. To quote
the words of the clause itself, the order
which he may issue, if he sees suffi
cient cause, ''shall have the force and
effect in all respects of a decree of judi
cial separation on the ground of
cruelty. It is a real step forward in
the protection of many women, hitherto
too much exposed to hardship without
chance of claiming assistance in their
distress.
Jules Verne's famous story of a tour
around the world in eighty days has
been not only realized, but improved
npon by an American whom the Lon
don Examiner ..mentions, who has ac
tually accomplished the feat in seventy
six days.
Secretary Sherman continues his pre
parations, iqz specie resumption.
Hunting: Lodg-iug-s.
O nr English cousins are also infected
with the Exposition plague. They see
Americans swarming here, and they de
sire to have the first pluck at them.
He who stops in London at the present
time had better throw himself upon the
mercy of a good hotel and drift. It
will be cheaper than lodgings. An
American friend said to me, "The next
time you visit London, stop at the Cas
tle and Falcon, in the city; an old hotel,
such as Charles Dickens loved to de
scribe." I thought I would, but nearly
failed from losing the combination. In
its struggle to get back to my mind af
ter wandering away, it became " The
Cat and Crocodile," "The Rat and the
Unicorn," The Monkey and the Bar of
Soap," The Cheese and the Gridiron,"
and I. know not how many more. On
arriving at London Bridge station,
however, the name camo flying into the
car window, walked into its old niche in
the mind, and will probably live there
in future. The Castle and Falcon
turned out to be an ordinary English
inn of the regular model. Here is the
bill for a day's board for two, itemized:
Apartments, 5s; attendance, 3s; break
fast 8s; dinner, 12s; tea, 8s; strawber
ries at dinner, 5s the latter charged as
an extra. Everything is extra that gets
outside of plain cooking. This bill
footed up 41 shillings equal to $10.25
of our money. The Bum is not large in
itself, but becomes immense when set
beside what was obtained for it. I said
I will try lodgings. So I went to Ken
sington and called npon a lady, bear
ing a card from a house agent. She
showed me rather a shabby Bitting room
and a most uninviting bed-room.
"How much a week?" I asked. She
was a slender, cadaverous woman with
bony hands. She rubbed one over an
other and said, "You are an American,
I believe ?" I said, "No; far frodi sich.
I am from the sterile plains of Earn
schatka, where the inhabitants are poor,
but oh! how virtuous," She took my
measure as she thought and answered,
' 'The apartments, without board, will
be four guineas and a half a week.
There will be a charge of six shillings
a week for attendance, sixpense a piece
for each gas burner, three and sixpence
for lighting the kitchen fire, and a
charge for washing the bed and table
linen." This is a literal copy of the
original speech. I Baid, "Are you sure
you havn't forgotten something?" She
had the thoughtless woman it was
for blacking boots. I Baid, "Try again,
and don't be bashful. There's the
house rent, I'm sure you've omitted."
I told her at last there was but one ob
jection to the price, and that was that
he wanted guineas, and as the last of
them went out with George III. I real
ly shouldn't know where to look for
them. - I came away.
I then advertised in the Telegraph,
The advertisement didn't appear, to be
gin with. I went to the office and
spoke of it to the man . whom I had
paid. He pointed to the end of the
counter, where ihers was; a Fign, "In
quiry Clerk." I went to this desk and
waited with that angelic patience with
which the Americans are pre-eminently
gif led. At lost I lifted up my voice
and said, "Where is the man?" and the
directing clerk said "Lo, he is making
inquires for another party." I then
again formed a partnership with pa
tience, and while we two were discus
sing the theme there came in a worried
Englishman full of questions. He said
to me, "Where is the clerk who an
swers questions ?" and I said, as speak
ing in a dream, "He has gone to China
to make inquiries." And then said the
Englishman, "Really? It's hardly
worth while for me to wait; don't you
think so?" At this moment the ardent
ly longed-for clerk appeared. Now
why did this advertisement not appear?
I will give you the last reason that
would occur to you. It was that they
had nine columns of advertisements
over that they couldn't get in. I said
your explanation would be satisfactory
to an Englishman. To a barbarian it
simply excites astonishment through
its heart-rending, stupidity. If nine
solid columns of prepaid advertise
ments won't justify a supplement the
creation of another world wouldn't
bring it. So my advertisement handed
in on Friday morning could not come
out until Monday. On Tuesday I had
eighteen letters and a printed pamphlet
as answers to my mystic question of
lodgings. The price ranged from one
pound to six guineas, all the places
possessing the comforts of a home
kind of home not specified and in two
distinct instances going it blind as to
my state of grace, and offering to con
vert me free of charge salvation not
to be counted as an extra in the bill. I
have filed away the eighteen for future
reference. Paris Cor. Louisville Couri
er-Journal.
Curious Case of Death. From a
Marseilles (France) paper we learn that
a soldier has just died in the military
hospital under the following singular
circumstances : He had been suffering
for some weeks from severe attacks of
headache, which totally incapacitated
him for his duties, and eventually
forced him to enter the hospital. Here
the next morning he was found dead in
his bed, and there being no assignable
cause for his death, a post-mortem was
ordered. The result of the medical ex
amination revealed the mystery. In
the man's brain was found a thick tuft
of hair, which science is of opinion had
been there since his earliest childhood,
and, growing with his growth, had ul
timately occasioned death. The young
man's parents, on being questioned,
stated that in his infancy he had re
ceived a violent blow on the head from
the fall ef a chimney ornament, and
that after the bruise had healed, the
mother remarked that the hair on the
injured spot had turned inward, but,
thinking the matter of no importance,
she had paid no attention to it.
If laughter is the daylight of the soul,
smile is its twilight.
Photography as a Detective.
Photography has Ion g been employed
by the police to assist them in identify
ing persons who are "wanted," and the
extensive use to which the art is put
by the Paris authorities is evident from
the display made at the International
Exhibition in the pavilion set apart for
the French capital. Here not only a
large series of criminal portraits are
Bhown, but examples are presented of
various other applications in which
photography has been found useful to
assist officers of justice. In case of
murder, for instance, it seems to be
the duty of the police photographers
to photograph the scene of the deed,
and also to record by the assistance of
the camera the position of the victim.
There is a special branch of the Paris
police who are photographers in uui- .
form, and a place is set aside at the
station for a studio and dark closet.
In a word, tho occupation is now a part
of the policeman's duty; and in ciases
where we might employ a dark lantern
they would have recourse to a ca
mera.
There is little doubt that the Paris
police have been able to detect many a
crime by resorting to assistance of this
kind. Several instances of forgery
upon note and bonds, in which the
original figures were erased and others
written in their place, have been dis
covered in this way. We believe that
the Bank of France has an officer of its
own npon whom devolves the duty of
examing any suspicious documents
with the camera. In a photograph, it
seems, ink marks, which are invisable
to the eye, are frequently reproduced,
while an erasure, let it be ever so care
fully smoothed over, becomes apparent
in a finely executed photograph. In a
word, it is next to impossible to make
an alteration in the matter of writing
or printing on a paper surface without
the photographer finding you out soon
er or later. Even upon the subject of
style" in hand writing, the camera gives
a sharp criterion. By photographing a
word or two and enlarging the up and
down strokes to very wide dimensions.
and character of the writing is more
easily studied than in its original form.
This instrumentality is sometimes
used by inquisitive police agents
anxious to get at the nistory oi a
doubtful document. Lotulon Daily
News.
Air Brakes on Freight Trains.
A test of the ntmost importance to
railroads was made a few days ago
on the Denver and Rio Grande road at
Veta Pass, the result of which has just
come to hand. It was the trial of the
Westinghouse air brake upon a freight
train, and it was fully demonstrated
that the invention is just as practicle
and operative on a train of heavily
loaded freight cars as it has so often
been proved to be upon passenger
trains. The Veta Pass is 9,300 feet
above the level of the sea, and the
grade of tle track tkvbngh it is some- .
thing remarkable. On the portion of '
the line where the test was made is a
down grade of 211 feet to the mile. To
those who have traveled the Pennsyl
vania road, and noted with care the
descent on the mountains from Kittann
ing Point to the Horse-shoe bend, the
above figures will give a partial idea,
for the steepest grade of the Pennsyl
vania is 96 feet to the mile. The experi
ment was made with a train of twelve
flat cars loaded with green lumber and
weighing nearly 200 tons. The train
was running at a good rate of speed.
but by the application of the brakes
was stopped short in a distance of 440
feet in 22 seconds, and with the throt
tle of the engine wide open. A
special feature of the test is that the
air at the Veta Pass only sustains a
column of mercury twenty-one inches,
so that the pumps of the brake have
to compress the air through nine
thirtieths of the strike to get air of the
same density as the pumps take in at
the sea level. The result of the trial
will causa the introduction of the brake
upon the freight trains everywhere, as
it is already npon passenger trains.
Pittsburgh Telegraph.
A Diplomatic Answer.
The old man Smith, of Richfield, ia a
self-sufficient sort of old fellow, and
prides himself upon his riding abili
ties. One day he espied his young
hopeful leading a colt to water rather
gingerly, and remarked:
"Why on earth don't you ride that
beast?"
"I'm 'fraid to; 'fraid he'll throw
me."
"Bring that hoss here," snapped the
old man.
The colt was urged up to the fence,
and braced on one side by the boy
while the old man climbed on to the
rails and stocked himself en the colt's
back. Then he was let go, and the old
gentleman rode proudly off. Paralyz
ed by fear, the colt went slowly for
about twenty rods without a demon
stration. Then like lightning his four
legs bunched together, his back bowed
like a viaduct arch, and the old man
shot up in the air, turnel seven sep
arate and distinct somersaults, and lit
on the small of his back in the middle
of the road, with both legs twisted
around his neck. Hastening to him
the young hopeful anxiously inquir
ed: "Did it hurt you, pa?w
Tha siM man rose slawlv. shook OUt
fha tnnU In lu's lea, brushed the dust
from his ears and hair and robbing his
bruised elbows growiea:..
"Well, it didn't do me a dam bit of
good. You go home." ,
"Washington is the most beautiful
laid out city in lhe world." remarked
an ex-contractor to a District of
Columbia taxpayer. "Yes," replied
the latter; "it was only a question of
endurance whether Washington Bhould
lay out Boss Shepherd or Boss Shep-
nera lay oui waejungton.