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DEVOTED TO NEWS, LITERATURE, AND THE BEST INTERESTS OF OREGON.
VOL. XII.
OREGON CITY, OREGON, THURSDAY, MARCH 28, 1878.
NO. 23.
4
5
0
THE ENTERPRISE.
A LOCAL NEWSPAPER
F OB 1 H X
rsriaer.Botlan 31 nn and Fxiullj Circle
ISSUED EVERY THURSDAY.
; VSOPSIXTOB iUl FI-'BLlSJiEB.
Official Pape for Clackamas County.
Office: lu Enterprise Builillnsr,
One door Sooth of Masonic Building. Main Street.
. . -
Trrmi of Nuberiitlon i
Single Copy, one year, iu advance $2 60
Single Copy, six mouths, iu advance 1 60
Term of Adtfrtikinii
Transient advertisements, including ail legal
notices, per square of twelve lines, one
week $ 2 50
For ea a subsequent insertion 100
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SOCIETY NOTICES.
OREGON LODGE, No. 3, I. O. O. F.
Meets every Thursday f.venlng. at
114 ociock, 111 uuil fellows Hall, ,v--.?v
Main Street. Members of the Order VTi:
are invited to attend.
By order of
X. a.
REBECCA DEGREE LODGE, No. 2.
.. v . luccii uU iue seconu and 4 .
F. urth Tuehdny Evenlnps of each month, I '
i i ?i u tiw, iu 111a oau fellows' Hall
Members of the Degree are invited to
FALLS ENCAMPMENT, No. 4,
a. j. yj. t ., meets at Odd Fellows' Hall on
the Firet and Third Tnn.luu r .of. ... ...v.
Patiiarchs in good standing are invited to
MULTNOMAH LODGE, No. 1,
m. m . a. n.. m., uoiii us regular comuinni-
lu" on me first ana Third Saturdays -J
In ..i'h niiih m t 1. r
of September to the 2tith of March- nl iW
7 o'clock from the th of Mmvli to '
20th of September. Brethren in good standing are
Invited to attend. By order of W. M.
BUSINESS CARDS
WARREN N. DAVIS, M. D.,
I'liy&ii'iaii and .Surgeon,
Giaduate of the University of Pennsylvania.
Office at Cliff House.
CHARLES KNIGHT,
CANBY. OREGON.
I'lij'Kiciau and Druggist.
"Prescriptions carefully filled at short notice.
ja7-tf
DR. JOHN WELCH,
DEXTIST.
OFFICE IN OREGON CITY, ..OREGON.
Highest cash trice paid,f-- onnty Orders.
- AX... VL:
;.!:. L. EA&TilAM,?-
AT TOJ'XE Y-AT - JL 'V ;
OREGON Cm, oVeGOX.
Special attention given to business in the U. S.
Land Office.
Office in Myer's Brick.
JOHNSON & McCOWN,
ATTORNEYS and COUNSELORS AT LAW
OREGON CITY, OREGON.
Will praftice in all the Courts of the State.
Special attention given to cases iu the United
tales Land Office at Oregon City. SaprT'2-tf
BLANKS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION FOR
Sale at ttiisofiice. Justices of the Pveace can
get anytning in their line.
i. P. WABB, OEOBOK A. HARDING.
WARD & HARDING,
eci
KEEP CONSTANTLY ON HAND A GENERAL
assortment of
"rugs anil Chemicals,
rrrfamrrTi Nonpa.
t'ombo Mild ' UriKftira.
Truri, aipimrla,
KbonMrrBram 'aner and
awilea Articlrit.
ALSO
Krroaen Oil. Lamp Otlmne.va.
!. I'utl.T, PJklnl. 4111.
Varaithes and ljeM lulls.
PURE WINES AND LIQUORS FOR
MEDICINAL PURPOSES.
PATENT MEDICINES, ETC., ETC
Physicians' Prescriptiona carefully com
pouuded, and all orders correctly answered.
a Oten at all honrs of the night
All accounts must be paid monthly.
nuvl,187atf WARD & HARDING.
V. H. HICHFIELD,
lNtubllNllO Cl t4l IK o 1 O ,
One door North of Pope's Hall,
MUX !T.. OREUOX riTV, UKKUOX.
An assort ineut or Watchra, Jewelry, and
Seth fl lioiuaa' Weight Clucks, all of which
axe warranted to be as represented.
Vitepainng done on short notice; and thanmul
for past patronage.
th I'm ill fur (onul) Oriien.
JOHN M. BACON,
DKALKB IN
BOOKS, STATIONERY,
PICTURE FRAMES. MOULDINGS AND MISCEL
LANEOUS GOODS.
FIIAJI t'.t JltDK TO OltDDB.
Oregon Citt, Oeeqos.
JlVAt the Post OlSce, Main Street, west side.
novl, '75-tf
A. G. WALLINC'S
Pioneer I5ooi ISiiiflcry
Pittock"s Building, cor. of 8tark and Front Sts..
POKTtAXD, OHKCJOX.
BE-KNK BOOKS RULED AND BOUND TO ANY
desired pattern. Music Bocks, Magazines,
ewspapfcrg. etc., bound in every variety of style
anowu to the trarlo ilr.l f-V,., winntrJ
promptly attended to.
novl, 75-tf
OREGON CITY BREWERY.
wishes ?"rchu h bove Brewery. sp
SSruty manuiacture a So.
a T AOER BEER,
'bMJawJft
DMlSlS
Aitll
Givinff and Takiugr.
Who gives and bWes tlie giving band,
Nor counts on favor, fame, or praise.
Shall 11 nd Lis smallest gift outweighs
The burden of the sea and land. -
Who gives to whom hath nausjht been given,
His gift in need, though small, iadeed,
As is the grass blade's wind-blown seed.
Is large as earth and rich aa heaven.
Forget it not, O man, to whom
A. gift shall full, while yet on earth;
Tea, even to thy sevenfold birth
Recall It in the HVC iocrfriie.- '"
Who broods above a wrong in thought
gins much; but greater sin !n his
Who, fed and clothed with kindnesses.
Shall count the holy aims as nought.
Who dares to curse the hands that bless
Shall know of sin the deadliest cost; '
The patience of the heaven is lost .
Beholding- man's unthankfulness..
4
For he who breaks all laws may still
Iu Sivam's mercy be forgiven;
But none can save in earth or heaven,
The wretch who answers good with ill.
John G. Whit tier.
Cincinnati Hoy's Cruise in the Med-
itteiraiieau.
After minnl'in-; with the sacred memo
ries of the Holy Land, and sailing past
the oeautilul islands 01 the iicvuuf, we
sighted Malta, and our ship rau into La
Vallette, the principal port ot the l.-luml.
Continuous lines of foi titicatioiis protect
both siles of the deep and narrow har
bor. The high, somber walls, the deep
moats and bristling battlements make
this second only to Gibraltar iu
point of impregnability. The town
has been a fortified one ever since its oc
cupation by the Phcenecians, nearly a
thousand years before the Christian era
After the Pheenecians came the Greeks,
Carthagenians, liomans, Goths and Sara
cens. Later days saw it held, with cer
tain other islands as fiefs to the houses of
Aiagon and Castile. Finally it passed
to the crown of Geimany. In 1530
Charles the Fifth ave it to the order ol
the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem.
During the two succeeding centuries
Ma'ta was the strongest outpost of the
Christians held agaiust the ever vigilaut
and aggressive JMoslem.
The knights held the island till the 9th
of June, 1703, when Napoleon, on his way
to gypt,captured it. The French did not
long ei joy in peace their citadel island.
From November, 171)8, till September,
1SUU, the Lnglish and Portuguese fleets
lay before the town besieging and harass
ing aud isolated garrison, till from
sheer starvation, the gallant French sur
rendered. Sii.ce then the English, itb
,h far-seeing, stead -pertKiaytv, ! ve
rse - the island. The ;rt;nv.itio,f5 -?-;e
I'ucC have been kept in Ad v repair, and
iiiHny vfi v extensive vfi t'oveiaeuts have
been. .effected Uo'.lU'iTie high walls
surrounding the town proper, there
are three magnificent lines of outworks
protecting this naturally impregnable
city from the land side.
The siege of Malta by the Saxon in the
beginning of this century had a yet
bloodier and more memorable example in
15G5 by the Saracen. The knights had
for ninny years made the Maltese cross
the bitterest foe the cieicent found. An
especial act of depredation the capture
of. several Turkish galleys laden with
costly stuffs for the beauties of the Sul
tan's harem spurred the Turk to its im
mediate capture. An overwhelming force
under the Seriaskier, Mustapha Pasha,
and the celebrated Admiral Dragur, ap
peared before the ton and demanded its
immediate surrender. The littlegairison
counted 700 knights and 8,500 soldiers.
So overwhelming was the force of the
enemy, and so renowned their prowess
that CnristenUom little hoped a success
ful issue. The event illustrated the won
deiful and almost miraculous iiilluence
of an abiding determined eff rt on the
part of one old man. John De L t Val
lette was their Grand Master. II gath
ered about him in the chapel his little
band of chivalry, and addressed them with
the following inspiriting' words: "A for
midable enemy is comiug like a thunder
storm upon us, and if the banner of the
cross must sink before the unbeliever?
let 4us see in this a sign that Heaven de
mands from us these lives which we Irivc
solemnly devoted to its service. He who
dies in this cause dies a happy, devoted
death, and to render ourselves worthy to
meet it, let us reuew at the altar' those
vows which ought to make us not only
fearless but invincible iu the fight." Fear
less in the fight they were, for when the
siege was raised, after four long months
of bloody struggle, 5,000" of the brave
defenders and 25,000 of the enemy met
death. The Turk sailed off with the tat
tered remnant of that once invincible
fleet, -and left behind them an almost de
molished towD, but which still was un
conqueiable while the soul of a La Yallette
inspired its defenders. From that day
they called it La Vallette, after their old
Grand Master.
I hired one of the small double ended
boats which lay alongside, and went
ashore. By dint of good fortune and a
vigorous choice of epithets, I escaped
from the vociferous medley of hackmen
and guidis, and passed over the moat,
through the massive iron gates into the
town. There are but three of these gates
and each is very diligently guarded. The
streets ascending from the harbor are
very steep, the sidewalks are almost stair
cases. The first thir g to be noted is the
perfect cleanliness of the streets. Tke
street commissioners, if they have any,
perform their duty in a way to put the
blush of bhame to some gentlemen in our
land. The houses all look, substantial,
and some of them are quite picturesque
with their projecting upper stories and
balconies. The streets are full of sol
diers. Here you see the English infantry
officer in all his glory, red coat, plaid
breeches round turban resting for sup
port upon Ilia right ear, long bright scab
bard hanging from a belt the polish of
whose clasp must be a matter of great mo
roent. Straight aa an arrow be climbs the
steeD e treats as if upon drasa parade
The "tfat Bbl" Mm to iy, MI 'av
the honor to be a leftenant in her Majes
ty s service, by Jove!" He hardly allows
himself the indulgence of glancing under
the black headgear of the native women
who pass.
Some of those Maltese maidens have
fine features. They have all black hair
and eyes, and something of the swarthy
tint of their Saracenic ancestors. . They
still retain a modified form of the yash
mak. It consists of a piece of black silk,
covering the head, and figure, leaving the
face exposed. There is a large immigra
lion of marriageable ladies to the island,
and she is uaattractive indeed who does
not storm the heart of some ' brave sol
dier. 1 heard of ons young lady who has
been trying to marry into the army with
a pertinacity of purpope that deserves a
better fate. After having exhausted the
home station she went to India, then to
Gibraltar, and now she seeks her Phulis
upon this island.
Malta has a military, governor. His
palace fronts on the principal square. In
it is the museum of the Knights of St.
John, one of the most noted collections of
antique arms in existence. Alongthesides
ot the rooms are rows of figures clad in
the armor of the different orders of
knights. The walls are hung with the
portraits of various Grand Masters, and
covered with halberds, swords, and pistols
In a glass case is the original document,
on parchment, by which the Emperor
Charles the Fitth gave the island, to
the knights; also the sword belonging to
tne iurkisu Admiral JJragut. .Near by
is a curious cannon, five feet long and
three inches bore, captured from the
Turks. It consists of tarred rope wound
around a thin tube of copper. Here is
also a lead mortar, and a pile of stone
cannon balls nine inches in diameter.
On a pedestal is the armor of a Spanish
giant seven and a half feet high. The
helmet weighs thirty-seven pounds. In
these days when breechloaders have been
in general use but a few years, aud rifled
muskets for not much longer, one is sur
prised to see a gun that dates from the
sixteenth century, which not only is rifled,
but is a breechloader of a very excellent
pattern. In the palace is also shown the
state carriage ef the Grand Masters. It
is covered with gilding after the fashion
of the mayoralty carriage at Naples.
One looks at it with increased interest
when he is told that Napoleon used it
during his stay here, sat upon that same
rusty cushion, and looked from those
same windows, now broken and glassless.
the venerable church ot St. John is
one of the chief attractions of tho city.
It contains several fine paintings, and a
marble group by a Maltese sculptor, rep
resenting the B iptism of St. John. When
walking over that mosaic floor one grows
thoughtful and is impressed with sadness
to think that every foot of it covers the
remains .of soma hero, who, in the dark"!
ages past left home with all its wealth.
and cheer, and happiness, to be a martial
champion for Christendom. Would the
men ot to-day be aa disinterested? In
these days of selfishness - when nations
fight or bear insult according to the dic
tates of interest, how many of our highly
civilized warriors would sacrifice their
earthly welfare for life, for auy abstract
idea whatever? La V alette boasts a first-
class opera house. Three American stars
are engaged for the season Misses Harda,
Glyn, and Volga. They spent last season
in London. Their peiformance of the
difficult opera of Lucia di Lammermoor
was superb.
One day I hired one of the curtained
native carriages and drove to the palace
of the Duke of Edinburgh. It is finely
situated nve miles from the town. 1 he
palace does not amount to much, but the
gardens are beautiful. R ws of orange
trees laden with truit line the walks. The
groups of stately date palun give a sort
of ''Arabian Nights" air to the fountains
that sparkle beneath them. Altogether
it'is a beau ideal of a charming winter
residence. The Maltese are proud of
their Duke. The Duchess is soon to be
come a mother, and if the youngster
turns i-ut to he a prince he is to be chris
tened G. nza Vallette; if a princess, Val
lette Gorza Gouza being the name of a
neighboring island.
We set sail from La Valette with re
gret. It is a charming place, and the
last real English speaking city we will
see for some time, as our route lies east.
We reached Alexandria on January 5.
Again we are among the narrow, dirty
streets so characteristic of all Turkish
countries.' The only respectable part of
the city is the Frank quarter. Ever since
the day when I looked with wondering
eyes at the picture of Pompey's Pillar
in a small schoolboy's geography, I have
had a gre it desire to see it in all its ori
ental magnificence, surrounded with
beautiful women reclining in the sh&d;
of bending palms 1 Oh, those boyish
dreams! I now regret the loss of another
of the fairy pictures of childhood. Rid
ing out a long, dusty road, past hovels and
filth, we reached a sand-hill, upon the
summit of which the guide points out the
pillar. Bat those palm trees 1 Where
are those reclining formsf That 6andy
waste does not even give back an echo.
In their places a half dozen black and
dirty Arab boys are having a trial of
skill to determine who can throw the
largest stone at that hoary monument of
antiquity. Corretpondenet of th Cincin
nati Oat!.
The system of ventilation by the u--e of
a hollow cornice communicating with the
exterior of a room to bring in fresh air or
take out foul, is well understood. Ac
cording to an improved form of this meth
od, the pertorated cornice is constituted
with two pas-ages, the one next the ceil
ing, and which communicates by valves
with the chimney or other flue, is for the
vitiated air, and the lower one open to
the external atmosphere for fresh air.
The latter is not perforated near the en
trance, so as to give the air a direction
along the channel. The size of the chan
nel, of the perforations, and of the open
ings of entrance and exit, must, of course,
be apportioned to the size and purpose of
the apartment. Various materials may
bo employed for cornices of this descrip
tion, sine or sheet brass usually, aud
some times partly of plaster, especially in
avJsptiag tke system toold eeraictf.
LoYe's Young" Dream.
A bridal couple, with more style about
them than a grass widow, honored the
Indian House with their presence two or
three days during the pist week. They
gave the dining room a mighty tony look
by marching in at meal-time arrayed in
their new clothes, with white gloves on,
and when old man Ryman first saw them
he took one square look and then set
down his coffse-pot and went out into the
kitchen and laughed until bis eye
balls felt pointed. In that supreme mo
ment he felt that he was paid ten times
over with compound interest for all the
trials, vexations and unpaid board bills
encountered in his experience since ho left
the old farm.
When the dining-room girl got her face
straight enough to get behind their chairs
and say
"Roast beef, ropst port, Iamb, chicken
or fish!" the bridegroom said, "Chicken
and fish," but the bnde, with the charac
teristic presence of mind for which her
sex has ever been noted, interprsed :
"Oh, no, ducky dear; we can't take any
o' that; for don't you know, pidgy-widgy,
'twould muss our gloves up? We'll httve
to have something we can eat with our
knives and forks."
"So we will, bonny blue eyes I never
thought o' that. What do you say to
roast beef, then, huxy-puxy t Can we go
some o that, sweety f ' asked the happy
man.
"No, no, darly, it's always tough, and
we might splash the gravy aud soil our
clothes, don t you see, honey dew? Let s
take lamb, pootsie, that's always tender, I
don't care much about it, but it cuts bo
easy, lovey, and I expect their knives are
as dull as a hoe, remarked the bride.
"Well, I don't care, pussy; whatever
you say, for I s pose we ve got to keep up
appearances; but, burn my buttons, sugar
lump, if I hain't got a confounded big
notion to peel off these mittens an' wade
into some o' that" 'ere chicken and fish,
forj'm all killin' fond of it, and these
blame things sweat my hands so, doosy
poosv, and pucker and draw wors'n a
stickin' plaster, and hang me if I don't
almost consate they've blistered my fin
gers all up."
"JNo, no never, goosey, don t do that
for the world, or everybody'U know we're
from the country, an' maybe they'll put
us in the papers, hubby dear, an' wouldn't
that be awiuli"
And the young wife had her own way
about it, as they always do. Breakfast
Tabl:
A Family of Exclusives.
The Reading (Pa.) Timet thus describes
the members of a family residing in the
neighboring townships of Albany:
"Kunkel is the name ot the family
which consists of five persons four old
bachelors and one old maid brothers and
sister, who are bound together by the
most alkctionate ties, and refuse to be
separated. The sister is in her seventieth
year, and is noted for her excellent man
agement, wielding a great influence over
her you tiger brothers, who range in age
from fifty to sixty-five years, the youngest
being upward of fifty years old. Thev
are over six feet tall, and possessed of
herculean lraines. I he farm upon which
they live was acquired by their ancestors
over a century ago. Their house was
erected more than one hundred years ago,
after the style of tho first settlers, split
log tor a noor, filled up with clay. They
do all their own work, and are neat and
clean in all they do. Their farm is iu an
excellent condition,-and produces annu
ally large crops. They do not have their
horses shod in the winter, only in the
summer. In winter shoe's are re
moved, and the horses are not taken fur
ther than to water. They carry all their
grain to mill, and back on their shoulders,
never using the horses for this purpose.
Their barn-roof and a number of their
out-buildings are thatched with straw.
The family is" much respected and report
ed to be wealthy. A child, who married
a number ot years ago, has been utterly
discarded, her singular brothers and sis
ter having paid her the portion to which
she was entitled out of her father's es
tate, and refusing to have further inter
course with her. This curious family re
sides near Wesnersville, in Albany town
ship, and have never been out of the
country, and it is believed never out of the
township. They are said to have rela
tives in Philadelphia whom they have
never seen.
A Cheerful Fire. Whatcau be more
cheerful, or more conducive to home com
fort, than the open fire, with its blue and
gold of sm ke and fire curling and twist
ing together as they find their way up the
open chimuey? Who does not love to
sit before such a fire and look iutoit, aud
dream away the hours with eyes half
closed, forgetting the corroding cares and
sorrows of life as in fancy they behold
such pictures as nowhere else are revealed
to those who really de-ire to see them.
It is a comfortable arrangement, too,
this fire oj the he trtb; but aoove all it is
a very hedthiul one, for by it the room
is well ventilated. S we say to all who
can afford it, Lave a lire on the hearth in
addition to a mo icra'.e degree of heat
from the furnace. L.t the family sit by
it timing the long evening-, and so enjoy
it to the fullest extent. We believe the
open fire will do much to check the de
si e of thj y ung to be out evenings, to
in ike the h u-e teem more truly like
home. L'jiit it on your hearth if you
can.
A tramp walked into a Third street
bank yesterda-y, and, stepping up to the
counter, said : "May I ask you a ques
tion, sir?" "Ye, but be quick about it,"
replied the clerk. "I want to know if all
the greenbacks have been retired from
circulation," said the tramp, with a very
anxious air. "Oh, no,'l replied the clerk,
"there are about 450,000,000 of them
yet." Thanks, thanks," said the man,
with visible emotion. "You take a load
off my mind. It is so long since I have
seen one that I was afraid they had all
been retired," and then he slowly retired
himself.
Sghutlkill Cocntt,
fscaile postmasters.
Pa., has twelve
I COURTESY OF BANCROFT LIBRARY
I . - t TTAnTT A
Shirt Ironing-.
Experience and observation have long
ere this taught me that the ironing of
shirts is no small item among the duties
of the wife, mother, daughter or sister
It has been the cause of many weary
heads, aching backs, and tired arms, and
if at such times, when the ironer has
done her best, the men-folks, unmindfu
of the amount of. patience and labor ex
pended upon them, grumble because
they do not look better, how rery try
ing it is! If the result of my experience
can be ot any assistance to others, I
most willingly give it.
An easy way, I have found, i9 to dis
solve the starch in a little cold water
then pour on hot not boiling water,
say half a pint to two teaspoonfuls of
starch. Wet the bosoms in this, roll
them up, let them lie two or three hours
and iron in the usual way.
But when cuffs, collars, or shirts are
to be iroued, so they can be worn some
little time without becoming soiled
similar to laundry work, it requires more
tune and labor.
I have known one shirt, when "done
up" as follows, to outlast two or three
ironed the easier way: Dissolve two
tablespoon fuls of starch in cold water
then pour on about a quart of boiling
water, stirring all the time; add a piece
of spermaceti the size of a large hickory-
nut (or some nice clean tallow), and lot
it boil until clear. Use as hot as pos
sible, as it soaks in better. The cuffs
aud collars can be put into the hot starch
with a spoon until cool enough to use the
hands. Rub the starch in well, wring
but little and hang up to dry. If the
clothes are starched after they have been
dried, they will absorb more starch and
be much stiffer. When agiin dried, I
usually wet them in some thin boiled or
unboiled starch, as described above;
then roll tightly the cuffs and collars
rolled in a dry cloth, dampened a little
on the outside and leave all over night
before ironing. If the shirts are not
wanted quite so stiff, wet them in hot
water mstead ot thin starch. If any part
is too dry in the morning, dampen with a
wet cloth first, then rub all 4he wrinkles,
if any, to the edge of the bosom, or un
der the plaits, looseuing the plaits and
ironing in the usual way.
To polish after ironing, moisten the
surface with boiled starch and iron brisk
ly with a smoothing iron I use a nickel-
plated one. Cuffs and collars are treated
similarlv; but I usually lay a dry cloth
over them and iron ou the wrong side
first. If they are not yet stiff enough,
tub in while ironing more thick starch,
cold or hot, and polish them as directed.
When done, tip the iron and draw the
edge back and forth over the inside of the
cuff or collar, which will round it to the
shape of the arm or neck.
The linen part of the turn-down col
lars should be finished first, then the oth
er part ironed on the wrong side, as it
will turn over better. Auy time when
ironing, little specks or soiled spots can
be rubbed off with a damp cloth. It will
no doubt require some practice to do the
above satisfactorily, but 1 trust that labor
and patience will oe rewarded with suc
cess.
Will not others f ivorus with criticisms
and suggestions? One Wha Triet to Learn,
in liural A eio Yorker.
Steamed Beef. For a family of six
or seven persons take four pounds of
beef, cross-rib is best; get a piece ot suet
the size of your hand, cut in small pieces
and fry out the fat; you mu?t have a
large,. flat-bottomed pot; after the suet is
brown, take out the scraps and put iu the
meat and two onions, cut up; when the
meat has become dark brown on one side
turn it over on the other, and let that get
the same; when onions and meat are
thoroughly bron, pour in a pint of boil
ing water; whenever the meat gets dry,
add more water, but it must always be
boiling hot; throw in a handful of salt.
three bay leaves, and half a dozen each
of whole allspice and whole pepper;
cover with a close-fitting cover and let it
cook for three hours; when almost done
thin a tablespoonful of flour with half a
cupful cf water; stir this in the gravy,
taking care not to have any lumps in it;
when you wish to serve it, strain the
gravy through a fine sieve and pour a few
spoonfuls over the meat.
Matonnaissk Sauce. Yolks of three
egg, well freed from white, one e alt
spoonful salt, one teaspeonful dry mus
tard, one teaspoonful Worcestershire
sauce, and the juice of one lemon; mix
together, add one piut of oil by drops at
first, then by spoonfuls until used; one
wine-glassful vinegar, one-half of which
add after the first half pint of oil is used,
two wine-glassfuls of rich cream, one
spoonful at a time. Success depends on
the thorough working of the oil; should
wine be used at the table, add two spoon
fuls of Worcestershire sauce instead of
one.
Pousd Fruit Cake. One pound of
sugar; one pound of butter; two pounds
of currants; two pounds of raisins; one
half pound of citron; nine eggs the
whites and yelks beaten separately; one
wine-glass of brandy; one nutmeg; one
teaspoonful of cloves; one tablespoonful
of cinnamon; six teaspoonfuls of baking
powder in one pound of flour.
To Stof Bleeding at tbb Nosb.
It is worth while to know how to stop
bleeding from the nose when it becomes
excessive. If the finger is pressed firmly
upon the little artery which supplies blood
to the side of the face affected the result
is accomplished. Two small arteries
branching up from the main arteries on
each side of the neck, and passing over
the outside of the jaw-bone, supply the
face with blood. If the nose bleeds from
the right nostril, for example, pass the
finger along the edge of the right jaw till
the beating of the artery is felt. Press
hard upon it, and the bleeding will cease.
Continue the pressure five minutes, until
the ruptured vessels in the nose hare time
to contract.
Therm are few things mere productive
of evil U denesti life taaa a ea tetpr.
The Loos.
The assumption by Cardinal Pecci, on
his elevation to the papacy, of the illus
trious name of Leo, indicates a purpose
of following in the footsteps of the illus
trious men who have borne this title, and
proved themselves truly "lions," in tho
wars they have waged for the Church, in
the court, and in the field by force of
arms, an! by the power of courage, and
intellect, against Saracen and ' heathen,
infidel and schismatic, rebellious Euro-
- - - TTf 1 i . m a
pean ivmg, ana subverting Moslem po
tentate. 1 here have been twelve Leos
all men of force of character and energ
of action. Of these five liavo made their
reigns great historical epochs.
The first, or Saint Lso, succeeded Sex
tus III., m 440, and for 21 years fough
an -almost incessant warfare with th
Vandals and Huns on one side, and the
partisans of the Patriarch of Constanti
ncple on the other. He filled up the
brief trusses which wera allowed him b
struggles with Pelagians, Nestorians, and
other heretics and chismatics, and against
whom ho had more success than in his
struggles with the marauding barbarians
of the Noith.
Leo III., also a Saint, assumed tho tiara
ami ine r isnerman s Uing, 3a years
later, in "Jo. His was almost an equally
stormy reign, lie was beset by continued
conspiracies against his life; he united
with Charlemagne to fight the Saracens
and he constructed the earthquakes which
devas'ed a part of Italy, and caused by
wrath of neaven against his people, and
he engaged in an attempt to propitiate its
anger with as much vigor as he did in
combatting the Jlohamedans'
Thirty-one years after he died or in 817,
Leo iv. also a saint ascended th
throne. He came into his office while the
Holy City was iu imminent peril from
Saracen pirates, and the eight years that
he reigned were marked by continued
and most desperate struggles with those
treebooters. He had the satisfaction of
achieving a decided victory over them be
tore death came to relieve him of his
task. .-
When L?o X , who ascended the throne
in 1.513, began another era for the Ctiurch
Heretofore it had f ught with heretics
and Moslems. Now it was struggling
wr.h Luropean Kings for temporal now
and aggrandiz'-ment. Leo A. found a
great war with France had been be
queathed him by his predecessor, lie
fought this through to a victorious term
ination, and during his whole reign of
eight years played a part in European
politics which no successor has ever
equaled. Nor were his triumphs confined
to the field and the cabinet. He was one
of the foremost of scholars, aud his en
courugement of the letters and the ai ts
something unequaled in history. He de
veloped the great R man Uaiversity,
gathered into it scientific men from every
part ot Lurope, and every form of intel
lectual effort found in him a patron of
never-failing generosity. His reign is the
most splendid chapter in the history of
the Koman Cnurch.
The next L-?o who made a special fig
ure in history was the All- who reigned
trom 123 to 1826, and in those three
years did a very efficient and much need
ed work of reformation in the Roman
Church. H also displayed much talent
as a secular governor. Toledo Blade,
The Little shoes Did It.
A young man, vho had been reclaimed
from the vice of intemperance, was called
upon to tell how he was led to give up
drinking. He arose, but looked for a
moment very confused. All he could
say wa., "ine little shoes. 1 hey did it I '
With a thick voiec, as if his heart was in
his throat, he kept repeating thi9. There
was a stare of perplexity on every face,
and at length some thoughtless young
pec pie began to titter. The man in all
his erubaratsinent heard this sound, and
rallied at once. The light came into his
eyes with a flash he drew himserf up
and addressed the audience; the choking
went from bis throat.
llYes, friends," he siid, in a voice that
cuts its way, clear as a deep-toned bell,
"whatever you may think of it, I've told
you tho truth the little shoes did it! I
was a brute and a fool; Btrong drink had
made me both, and starved me into the
bargain. I suffered; I deserved to suffer;
but I din'ut suffer alone no man does
who has a wife aud a child, for the woman
gets the worst abuse. But I am no speak
er 10 enlarge on that; I stick to the little
shoes. It was one ui"hr. when I was all
but done for, the saloon keeper's child
helding out her feet for her father to
00k at her fine new shoes. It was a sim
ple thing; but friends, no fist ever 6truck
blow as those little new shoes. Thev
kicked reason into me. What business
lave I to clothe others with fineries, and
provide not even coarse clothing for my
own, but let them go bare? said I; and
there outside whs my shivering wile and
blue chilled child, on a bitter cold night.
I took hold of the little one with a grip
and saw her chilled feet. Men. fathers!
f the little ehoes smote me, what must
little feet do? I put them, cold as ice. to
my breast; they pierced me through. Yes,
the little feet walked right into my heart
and away walked my selfishness. I had
a trifle of my money left; I bought a loal
of bread and then a pair of little shoes.
I nevar tasted anything but a bit of that
bread all the S-ibbtb day, and went to
work like a man on Monday, and from
that day spent no more money at the pub
ic bouse, lhat a all I re got to say ll
was little shoes that aid it." litany
Sunday Presf.
Ah Eo in his Pocket that he
Could'kt Get Oct. The gentleman who
left church so suddenly last Sunday was
not sick, as his friends feared at the time.
That forenoon, just before service, he
visited his barn to see it his horse had
been properly cared for, and finding a
new-laid egg, he put it in nis pocket.
The recollection that the egg was still in
his pocket prompted him to steal away
from the congregation to make an inves-
tigation, and we
regret
to say that hia
worst fears were realized.
Maxioo's only railway earned $2,000,-
t0 List year.
Hiuts on Poultry.
The following items of interest to
poultry keepers are from a recent issue
of the Poultry IForfd:
In buildiug new hen houses, we deem
it well to recommend, for economy's sake,
that the walls be carried up not too high
from the ground. The inside of a fowl
house need not be over seven or eight
feet high, at the eaves on either side
with a "one-third pitch" above this for
.the roof. If the buildiug has only a "shed'
roof, or one slant of covering, the back
wall may be three to five feet high, and
fhe-front seven or eight feet from the sills.
In all cases loak wIl to the meats of
having tho building thoroughly ventilat
ed, when desired. An o-iening in the
lidge for this purpose, or one st both
sides of the house under the eaves. Is best.
Have a screen, trap-donr, or slide iuside,
tint may be raised or shut at wiil con
veniently io very cold weather. There
will come very shaip or stormy nights in
winter, when there must be no opening
in the house to admit the snow, sleet, or
bitter frosty air.
Clear rye bran, a'one, should never be
fed tofo!-?, on account of its swelling
and cakiug, in mas, in the crop, and
proving fatal to chicken-life, not infre
quently. It will thus sodden aud increase
in bulk very rapidly, before digesting
causing rupture of the ciop if auy great
quantity has been eaten. A neighlor, we
recollect, in a hmried way mixed a large
pan full with water and placed the mesa
before a nice flock of three-quartera jiown
chickens leaving them to ei joy the feed
at their leisure. ' He drove away in the
wagon, and after an absence of a few hours
returned to find his birds scattered about,
dead, in his yards. It is very good when
mixed with wheat bran and oat-meal,
or corn-meal. But, by itself, it should
not be fed to fowl stock.
Fowls drink water freely, but they
know just how much they nsed, aud when
they have access to the fluid clean, sweet
and freeh, they imbibe no more than is
good for them. It is, therefore, unneces
sary to mix your douh to thin, and
sloppy, at the morning feeding. Have
the meal well scalded, and feed the mix
ture to the stock stiff anJ dry, compara
tively. This feed should, gjceraily. be
composed of both corn aud rye-mcal,with
vegetables say one-third each. In our
own practice we h.ve found this prefer
able, both for the birds and as an econom
ical provision for tho old or the growing
stock. A little per.per occasionally ia
tiiis dough, and alwajs salt, wid improve
tne mess.
Calves, or sheep's lights and livars.
which can always be obtained in the mar
ket-houses for a few cents ai iete, are
valuable to feed fowls, for two reasons.
They are devoid of bones, aud they close
ly resem b;e insect u.ct. We ajvise the
cooking of any sort of meat food always.
Thiii Ont -Your Pears.
If anybody this ye-ir has an orercroo
of pears which is hardly probable now
is about the time to thin them out for the
second time, by removing every knotty
aud wormy specimen. There are some
varieties that grow in clusters and
do not generally overbear from
these the wormy or worthless ones
only should be removed; hut where
the trees are not too large to man
age, and are not cluster growing, no two
specimens should be allowed to touch, as
they are almost certain to become worm v.
and both are lost. Muuy persons not well
cquainted with f.uit raising, hesitate to
thin out the trees, on the ground that
their crop will be diminished. This may
be possibly but not po-j'stively true, unlets
the fruit is intended to be fed to the pigs.
But even should it be otherwise true
sometime?, wLo would not prefer to have
one burhtl ot large, beautiful, luscious
pears, to live bushels with probablv one-
half a neck anions; the whole lit tn nut
pou your table or fend to market?
Trees, too,al!owed to overbear will have
diminished crop next year. Upon our
wn premises, five years ago, one half of
the whole crop of trees was removed, but
the remaining half so exhausted the tree
that it bore not a tingle near the next
year, nor grew an inch. The following
season, however, it showed its usual over
load of fruit, and early in June about
three-fourths of the crop was removed,
but there was still too maDy left, aud we
went over the trees a second time to re
move the knotty, stunted and wormy
specimens. The third year the tree died.
It was a standard Belle Lucrative. Ot
mantovsn Telegraph.
. Thk LTebsian Flt. This destructive
insect made its appearance in the wheat
fields last fall to a considerable extent,
and did much damage; b ut one fact con
nected with its appearance, or rather re
appearance, should be certainly borne in
mind that it is only the early sown
wheat that is attacked, and this mostly
when early sowing is followed by a long
spell of naiid weather, like that of la-t
autumn, during which thegrain becomes
quite rampant. Wheat sown the last of
September or the beginning of October
which is early enough in most years ia
seldom if ever attacked by the fly. There
is a statement now before us of a farmer
in Western New York, who saya that
while he sowed his wheat as late as the
lgth and 30th of September, hia neigh
bors sowed in the latter end of August,
and that while his crop was wholly
free from the fly.and yielded over twenty
nine bushels to the acre, the crops of hia
neighbors were nearly destroyed. He fur
ther says that a barrel of salt to the acre
will destroy the midge and cause the
grain to ripen from three to six days
earlier. We think there is wisdom in hia
statement. Oermantoxen Telegraph.
To Prevent Potatoes prom Rot.
Dust over the floor of the bia with lime,
and put in about six or seven inches of
potatoes, then dust with lime as before,
then more potatoes, using about one
bushel of lime to forty bushels of pota
toes. The lime improves the flavor of
the potatoes, and effectually kills the
fungi which cause the rot.
Thb number cf seeds in one peuaal ef
fcackwkeat ii 35,00.
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