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DEVOTED TO NEWS, LITERATURE, AND THE BEST INTERESTS OF OREGON.
VOL-11. OREGON CITY, OREGON, THURSDAY, MARCH 1, 1877. NO. 19.
r - - , , . . .
THE ENTERPRISE.
A LOCAL NEWSPAPER
FOR THE
Farmer, Business Man, and Family Circle.
ISSUED EVERY THURSDAY.
J'KOPKIETOU ANI lH'BLISII ER.
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OFFICE In Enterprise Building, one
door south of Masonic Building, Main street.
Trrui of Hu'jf rll!on :
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Trrmi of AUvrrlUiuc
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OISHUOX LOIXSK, No. IJ, I. I.
O. F. meets everv Tliursduv even. .-
ir.g, at 7 o'clock, in the Odd EcLT':.
lows' Hall, Main street. Members -vo -.c-r
of the Order are invited to attend.
Bv order of
N. G.
li:i$i:CCA I)K(JIEi; LODGE,
No. 2, I. O. O. F., meets on the rrTi
Second and Fourth Tuesday jTj Jftf
evenings of each month, at TJW r'
Members of the Degree are invited to attend.
MULTNOMAH LODGE, Xo. 1,
A. Kite A. 31., holds its regular coni
n.i1ni....(;,.a II... 1:..,! Tl. t .1
Saturdays in each month, at 7 o'clock y
irom llie 'JUtn ol September to the
ith of March; and 7 o'clock from
the 20th of March to the 20ih of September.
orelureu in goou &l:muin; are invited to at
tend. l$v order of W. M.
FALLS I2NCA3II3IEN'Tt No. 4,
I. O. O. F., meets at Odd Fellows' Hall sy O
on the First and Third Tuesday of
each month. Patriarchs in rood stand-&"-
... i
111. UIC 1II1LCU Wl ttlLeilll.
J. W. NORRIS,
I'liyMiciait ami Surgeon,
OFFICE AND RESIDENCE :
On Fourth Street, at foot of CHIT Stairway
tf
CHAS. KNIGHT,
CAXBV, ... OIIEUOX,
Physician anil Druggist.
iyPrescriptions carefully filled at short
notice. ja7-tf
PAUL BOYCE, M. D.r
IMiyitician and Surgeon,
Oregon City, Okegox.
Chronic Diseases and Diseases of Women
and Children a specialty.
Otlice hours day and uight; - always ready
when duty calls. Aug. 25, '7ti-tf
DR. JOHN WELCH,
DE2JTIST
OFFICE IN
ORI.COX CITY, OKECiOX.
Highest cash price paid for County orders.
JOHNSON & McCOWN,
Attorneys ani Counselors at. Law.
OllMiOX CITY, OltEGOV
Will practice in all the Courts of the State.
Special attention given to cases in the U. S.
Land Otlice at Oregon City. 5aprl873-tf
L. T. BARIN,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
OKKX CITY, OKK4.0X.
Will practice in all the Courts of the
State. Nov. 1, 1875-tf
W. H. HIGHFIELD,
XZsta.Tolisla.eca. sI23.ce -tST
One door North of Pope's Hull,
MAIS ST,, (l(i:;0, CITY ORF.UOX.
An assortment of watches. Jewelry,
(ij'vV- and Scth Thomas' Weight Clocks, all
sL'-.--iof which are warranted to be as repre
sented. rfRcpairing done on short notice;
and thankful for past patronage.
'ali for roniily Wrilern.
JOHN M. BACON,
DEALER I.V JfP?
Books, Stationery, 6s&
PICTURE FRAMES, MOULDINGS
AND MISCELLANEOUS GOODS.
sa-A-wCss T.r a t-i-f; to oxaxj:..
Oreoox Citv, Orego.v.
I"Atthe Post Office, Main Street, west
nov1-'75-tf
IMPERIAL MILLS.
Laltoeqne, Savier & Co.,
OREGON CITY.
Knep constantly on hand for sale Flour,
Middlings, Bran and Chicken Feed. Parties
piirehasiiigjeedjiiusjfurnish the sack.
J. H. SHEPARD,
Boot and Shoe Store.
; One door north or Ackerman Bros.
tTBoots and Shoes made and repaired as
cheap as the cheapest.
Nov. 1, l75-tf
MILLER, CHURCH & CO.
pAY THE HIGHEST PRICE FOR
At all times, at the
OKKOX CITV MILLS,
And liac on hand FEED and FLOUR to
sell, at market rates. Parties desiring Feed
rr.jst furnish sacks. novli-tf
A. G. WALLINGS
Pioneer Book Bindery,
Plttock' IlulMing, cor. of Stark aad Fronted.,
PUKTLAXD, OHECOX.
BLANK BOOKS RULED AND BOUND
to any desired pattern. Music books,
Magazines, Newspapers, etc., bound in every
variety of style known to the trade. Orders
iroru me country promptly attended to.
novl-75-tf
OREGON CITY BREWERY.
IIENRY HUMBEL,
HAVING purchased the above rs?s
public that he is now prepared to mauufac
K can be obtained anywhere in the
State. Ordert solicited and promptly filled.
;yC
ik
The Burden of the Wind.
Oh! wind, fresh wind of springtime,
What hast thou borne away?
A burden of light-winged moments
That hovered and would not stay;
The music of children's laughter
Fiom meadows all dewy and sweet,
When primrose buds and cowslips
Are trodden by Joyous feet.
Oh! wind, soft wind of summer.
What hast thou borne away?
A burden of love and longing,
The dream of a golden day;
The murmurs of passionate voices,
The exquisite perfume pressed
From the heart of the rose that nestled
Iu the beloved one's breast.
Oh! wind, wild wind of winter,
What hast thou borne away?
A burden of mournful remembrance,
The sign of the year's decay;
The skeleton leaves of the forest,
The drift from the chill snow-wreath.
And the prayer to a soul that is passing
Into the shadow of death.
Seals and Sealing.
By the natives of the higher wastes of
Norway, nn I the wild, barren, rugged
shores of Greenland, the sea is looked
upon in the shape of a harvest; for the
Grein'and'-r feeds on him, dresses out of
him, supplies himself with ropes, window
glas. candles, and many of the other
necessaries to make his chilly life bear
able, una yenerally utilizes the amphibi
ous creature which Xature has been kind
enough to send iu no slight abundance.
In these parts of the world the capture
or a seal is not accomplished without con
side! able danger, and the hunter who
pursues the creatures in his small native
caaoe stands no small chance of having
his arm, or even his neck, caught iu the
line attached to his weapon in the lat
ter case l.eing sometimes strangled and
drowned before he can extricate himself.
At other time, when the fisherman,
thinking the animal dead, approaches to
take possession of his prey, it will dash
at his arm, or even at his face, and bite
viciously. They are particularly danger
ous when they have young ones to defend ;
on such occasions they will ruh at the
frail boats of their pursuers, and actually
tear holes iu them with their teeth, wheu
the canoes quickly fill and to the bot
tom, taking with them their occupants,
who are securely fastened to the skins
which form the covering of the canoes to
make them water-thjht.
In the autumn, when the seals enter
the fiords iu large quantities, the uatives
assemble iu force to drive them towards
the shore, and kill them with lances.
When the animals try to take refuge on
banks, they are attacked by the women
and children, who are provided with
lance for throwing, and the work is fin
ished by the ineu with their heavier har
poons. In winter holes ore made in the ice,
that the animals may come aud breathe;
and as soon as one makes his appear
ance, he is almost sure to fall an easy prey
to the watchful native. The greater num
ber, though, are caught in the open water,
the inhabitants of these northern regions
following them, in some of the small
canoes already mentioned, into one of the
fiords which are so numerous upon the
coasts, and in which bays and roads are
almost surrounded by barren granite
rocks. Here the paddles of the rowers
shine in tiie sun, but cause scarcely a
sound in the water, silence being an in
dispensable aid to success. Tiiey then
quietly search for their game, following
closely the indentations of the coast,
nothing probably being visible but a few
seabirds flying over their heads, and ut
tering cries of alarm or warning. All at
once, though, a dark object appears ou
the horizon, when the fishermen s?parate,
and place themselves at regular intervals,
so as to lurm a semicircle, the two ex
tremities of which point in the direction
of the shore; i"r this black object is a
seal, an 1, as it comes nearer, the half
circle of can ies contracts more and more.
Then two of them dart rapidly forward,
rrli.lin'r nlmur Ms tlwimrh thf5r luiMfs npre
passing over ice. 1 lie nrst uiau is then
seen to lean over the edge of his light
craft, and suddenly throwing himself for
ward, he hurls the harpoon with which
he is armed, and the instrument flies like
an arrow, drawing out after it the line of
hide to which it n fastened.
Pierced with this w.ell-barbe.d la ice, as
it is almost certain to be, the seal imme
diately dives, and soon nothing is seen
but the great bladder, which is attached
to an ei.d of the line, and which neces
sarily remains on the surface of the sea.
A patch of reddentd water shows the
place where the animal was struct.
A tew moments airer, 11 reappears, anu
seems to beg for mercy, opening its great
limpid eyes. The appeal, if appeal it be,
is, however, thrown away upon the stolid
tisher, and in a few minutes the poor
brute is despatched by blows on fie nose
from a paddle, another lar.ee, or cveu
from the clenched hst or the captor.
The seal is then hauled between two
canoes, fastened together, moored to
them by two le ithcr straps passing undtr
the tin-, and is life in th'n p s;tton, w hile
he whose during has secured the j rey
now takes it in tow.
The blow aimed at the seals by the har-
pooner s.ldom miss s its aim. The woind
greatly resembles the one pr nl ice l by a
bullet; but the bullet would have killed
the animal witho it capturing it, whereas,
by the use of the harooon. with a iine
and bladder attached, it can alwas be
easily recovered.
The inhabitants of the ncrth coast of
Scotland hunt the s-al in a manner that
is equally peculiar and dangerous; for,
knowing that they retire occasionally
wiui tueir young into the caves along the
coast, generally choosing those with nar
row entrance, the Scotchmen follow
them there in the middle of the niht,
during the months of Octderor Novem
ber. They row to the mouth of the cav
in a light boat, and then penetrate into
its recesses, when they suddenly strike
lights and utt r loud cries. At the sud
den light and unaccustomed sounds the
seais quit ineir retreat in utmost con
....
fusion. The intrepid Scotchmen dart
back to the sides of the cavern to let the
greater part go by, and then fall upon the
laggarus, eiespatcii them by heavy blows
on the nose, and then cairy tho bodies
outside.
A few lines will not bo out of nlace
here respecting that fiercest of the seal
family the sea lion whose habits are
thus interestingly described by that most
clever and observant of our naturalists,
Mr. Henry Iee:
'The sea lion in remote or secluded
places is mere shy a.id wary than the fur
sal ; but when accustomed to the sight
of men, as rn the Cdifornian coast, often
frequents thickly inhabited localities, en
tering inland bays and rirers, and at
times disporting itself among the ship
ping. But we ieara from the authors al
ready quoted, that its habits and the
mode of its capture are everywhere alike
in all essential particulars. On the I'ry
bylov Islands, as well ss on the Calitor
nian coast, the males make their appear
ance about the first week in May, at first
in small numbers, but soon after more
plentifully. On their arrival they leap
out of and dart through the water with
surprising rapidity, frequently diving
outside the rollers, and the next moment
eme-rging from beneath the crest of a
breaker. Waddling up the beach, or
climbing the rocks with seeming effort,
each veteran 'bull' some of them are
over twenty years old makes the way
to a spot in the 'rookery,' as it is c-illed,
which he lias occupied in former years,
whilst those who come for the first time
as fuil grown members of the community
(never under six years of age), select a
new station, where they will await the ar
rival of the females. The space of ground
over which each endeavors to secure com
plete control is generally about a rod in
extent; butunles he is strong enough to
defend and hold it against all antago
nists, he is quickly ousted from it by a
new-comer aod forced to 'take a back
seat.' The labor of maintaining a 'posi
tion in the rookery is really a serious
business for those bulls which occupy
the water line, and their combats have
often resulted in death."
Mr. Elliott's remarks on the fur seal
will also apply to the sea lions: "Some
of the bulls," he says, "show wonderful
strength and courage. I have marked
one veteran who was am ng the first to
take up his position, and one on the
water line, when at least fifty or sixty
desperate battles were fought victoriously
by him with neirly as inanv different
sials, who coveted hi. position; aud when
the righting season was over, I saw him
coverea with scars, sashes raw and
bloody, an eye gouged out, but lording it
bravely over his harem of fifteen or twenty
cows, all huddled together on the same
spot he had first chosen. The fighting is
mostly or entirely done with the mouth,
the opponents seizing each other with the
teeth, and clenching the jaws; nothing
but sheer slrength can shake them loose,
and that eifort almost always leaves an
ugly wound, the sharp incisors tearing
out deep gutters in the skin and
blubber, or shredding the flippers
into ribbon . strips. Tiiey usually ap
proach each other w ith averted heads and
a great many false passes before either
one or the other takes the initiative by
gripping; the head is darted out and
back as quick as a flash, their hoarse
roaring and quick, piping whistle never
ceasing, their fat bodies writhing and
swelling with exertion and rage, fur fly
ing in air, and blood streaming down
all combined make a picture fierce and
savage enough, and, from its great novel
ty, exceedingly strange at first sight.
"In these b ittles the parties are always
distinct the offensive and the defensive:
if the latter proves the weaker, he with
draws from the position occupied, and is
never followed by his conqueror, who
complacently throws up one of his hiud
flippers, and fans himself, as it were, to
cool himself from the heat of the conflict,
with a peculiar chuckle of satisfaction or
contempt, and with a sharp eye opeu for
the next covetous bull. The young males
are not allowed t land."
The cows come up from the sea from the
1st to the C:h of June. "As soon as one
reaches the shore," says Captain Bryant,
"the nearest m i!e goes down to meet her,
making a noise like the clucking of a heu
to her chickens. lie bows to her, and
coaxes her, until he gets between her and
the water, so that she cannot esc tpe from
him; then his manner changes, aud, with
a harsh growl, he drives her to a place in
his harem. This continues until the
lower row of harems is nearly full. Then
the males higher up select a time when
their more fortunate neighbors are off
their guard to steal their wives. Tuis
they do by taking th?ni in their mouths,
lilting them oyer the he ids of the other
females, and c irefully placing them in
their own harems, carrying them as cats
el their kittens. Those still higher up
pursue the s one method, until the whole
space is occupied. E ich bull thus takes
under his protection from ten to fifteen
cows.
"By the 10th or 15th of July all the
cows h-ive arrived, aud at the most fre
quented 'rookeries1 every yard of beach or
cliff where a sea lion can find space to
turn round becomes its resting-place. The
air is foggy with their breath", and at this
time the noise ar'.si ig froai these breeding-grounds
is said to be simply 'inde
scribable.' The r aring of the old males
alone is loud enough to dro'wu the sound
of the heaviest surf among the rocks and
cavern-j and with it the hoarse croaking
of the cows, and the bleatingof the young
form such a din of tumultuous utterances
that the united clamor of the vast assem
blage can be heard on a calm day for
miles at sea. Tney live on fish, cuttles,
crustaceans, and seafowl. The manner
in which they capture the latter displays
no little cunniug. . Wheu in pursuit, the
sea lion dives deeply under water, and
swims to some distance from where it
disappeared; then, rising cautiously, it
exposes the top of its nose above the sur
face, at the same time giving it a rotatory
motion, like that of a water insect at
play. As the unwary bird alights to
catch it. the animal sinks momentarily
beneath the waves, and then, rising, at
one bound seizes its tcreamiDj and star-
! tied prey.
, -33M:
"The sea lions are taken and killed as
follows: Selectiug a semi-moonlight
night, the natives, in a party, stealthily
approaehing the herd, and crawling on
hands and knees, manage to get be
tween them and the water. At a given
signal, they all at once jump on their
feet, yell, brandish their arms, etc., and
so alarm the animals that they are afraid
to pass the cordon of men and take to the
sea, and thus are urged inland, and
driven into small pens, where they are
detaiued until tw o or three hundred are
assembled. Those which are beyond the
Hue of the battue of coXirse escape; and
instances have been known of their diving,-
jn their sudden terror, from a height
of sixty feet into the sea, without ap
parently sustaining any injury.
"To collect the desired number of sea
lions occupies several days, and to drive
them to their destination the killing
aad salting station five or six more; for
their progress on land is so slow and
awkward that they cannot be made to
travel mre than two or three miles in
twenty-four hours. At first they will
often look threatening and defiant, but
geuerally retreat from the approach of
man, if not opposed iu 'their efforts to es
cape. The sea lion is, however, a rather
dangerous auimal, and the men are often
seriously hurt whilst driving it. Form
erly, the implement employed to scare
and guide them was a pole with a flag
at the end of it, with which they were
driven like a flock of geese or ducks
along an English couutry road; but
American ingenuity has recently brought
into use for this purpose the cotton um
brella, and it is said that any refractory
sea lion is iustantly subdued by the sud
den expansion aud closing of the 'gamp'
in the hands of the pursuiug native.
"After the drove of sea lion9 has been
brought to the village, the animals are
huddled together in a crowd, and, whilst
impeding one another by treading on
each other's flippers, the small ones are
speared and the larger ones shot.
"By the Aleuts and Kamschatkans,
the 'seevitchie,' as they call it, is highly
prized. The annual sea lion drive is to
them that which the buffalo hunt is to
the redskins of the prairies. They con
sider its dark flesh palatable and nutri
tious, and the meat of the young cub is
said to be juicy and tender, and some
thing like veal in flivor. That which is
not required for immediate use is either
stored and kept fresh for a time in under
ground vaults, or cut in thin strips, and
dried in the open air for winter fooel.
The hide is used in making covers for
houses and boats. Many ekins, care
fully j ined together, are stretcheel whilst
wet over wooden frames ot proper shape,
and barges, called 'bidarrahs,' of con
siderable size even of twenty tons bur
den are thus constructed. To prepare
them for this purpose, the skins .are
spread, as soon a? taken from the ani
mal, in piles ot twenty-hve each, and lett
to heat till the hair is loosened. It is
then scraped off, and the pelt stretched
on frames to dry.
"On the coast ot Siberia, JvamschatK,
and the Is'aud of Saghalen, thongs of
sea lion's skins are used for making seal
nets. The salmon which swarm in the
inlets and rivers of those - Asiatic regions
are followed by herds of seals, which
prey upon them as they ascend the
streams. The natives set their strong
nets in places left nearly bare at low
tide; free passage is given by the size of
the mesh to the shoals of fish, but the
pursuing seal are entangled by the heal,
and held in the meshes till low water,
when their captors go out to them in
their flat-bottomed hide boats, and dis
patch them with clubs. The prepared
hide is also used as harness for sledge-
dogs and reiudeer, and, when dressed
and made pliable by rolling in the hands,
for the soles of mocassins. The soft skins
of the young are used for clothing.
"x rom the double coating of fat or
blubber, separated by a thin layer of
muscular tissue, and lying between the
skin and the flesh of the body, is pro
duced, by boiling and pressure, oil of
excellent quality, though somewhat in
ferior to that of the sea elephant. An
adult male sea lion will yield about for
ty gallons of this oil. The residue, af
ter the oil ha been obtained fr.m it, is
used as fuel. It is remirkable that
whilst the blubber of the fur seals is
most offensive to tate an.1 smell, that of
the sea lion is free from any disagreeable
flavor or odor. The stomach is turned
inside out, cleaned, inflated, dried, and
converted into an oil bottle. The intes
tines are cleansed and stretched to dry,
and of them waterproof coats and frocks
are ma le. The lining of the oesophagus
is Used for making bwts, which are soled
with the tough strong skin of the flip
pers. The sinews are employed instead
of thread or string, and of the bones are
manufactured needles, tool handle, and
other rude implemsuts. The longest
bristles of the whiskers, of which there
are from thirty-one to thirty six on each
side of the face, are used as personal or
naments ia China, where, also, certain
organs of the animal are regarded as of
mediciual value, as the 'castorum' of the
braver still is in.this country. All that
is edible of the remain ler is given to the
dogs; s that when these northern peo
ple have doue with it, very little is left
of a deal sea lion."
Is Wast of Mosey. "Well, old fel
low, what's the news?" "Nothing, only
I am about to be m irried." "But why
so gloomy about it?" "Because I want
10,000 francs. Toe contract is to be
signed to-day, and on my side I have to
show 20,000'francs. I'm 10,000 francs
short. You might lend them to me
only till this evening." "God forbid !
But I'll tell you how to manage it. Of
course there s a mmtlepiece in the room,
with a mirror behind it. Pile your 10,-
000 francs up there; the glass will repeat
them and at a little distance the illusion
will be perfect." "I have thought of that,
but "Bat what?" "The 10,000 francs
I have got are the 10,000 in the glass."
Paritpiper.
Josh Billings wants to know who
ever heard a rich man sing. Why should
a rich man want to sing when he can hire
some one to do it for him so much better?
r.HTTPTSY OF BANCROFT LIBRARY
The King of Kings.
A correspondent of the London D lily
News writes: "It is announced that King
John, of Abyssinia, has appointed Major
Barion to be Genera'issimo of all his
forces. The statement is made that be is
the first European who has ever com
manded a native force of Ahyssinians.
This last is not strictly accurate. At the
close of the Abyssinian war in 18CS, an
officer by the name ef Kirkman, who had
had some experience in India, took ser
vice under King John. Lord Napier of
Magdia'a, when leaving the country, made
a present to King John who was then
known as 'Kassa, the Prince of Tig-re'
of a number of old smooth-bore muskets
and some old artillery guns. Lord Na
pier's idea at the time was that the re
moval of Theodore, who had been the para
mount power in Abyssinia, would leave the
country in a very unsettled state, and that
by givmg thee arms to Ivissa he might
be able to prevent the condition of dis
organization from sprea ling, and thus in
sure something like peace and a chance
of prosperity among the petty chiefs of
that mountain region. The result has
proved the clear-sighted sagacity of the
man who 59 now the Governor of Gibral
tar. Kassa had his troops drilled with
the weapons into something like Euro
pean tactic, which was the first time that
anything of that kind had taken place,
and Dejazmatch Kassa was soon able to
assume the higher title of Negoos Negysi,
or 'King of Kings,' the title used by
Theodore. It is the custom in taking this
title in Abyssinia, to assume at the same
time a new name, such as is the custom
with every Pope, and with individuals en
tering religious orders. Theodore's orig
inal name was also Kassa which means
'My Deliverance,' or 'Riosom,' a purely
religious word. The Prince of Tigre took
the name of John, King of the Kings of
Ethiopia.' So completely has his power
been established that although the capi
tal, Axum.isin the north of Abyssinia, yet
when the invasion by the Khedive s troops
took place, last October, he had in his
court about 150 of the most important in
dividuals, as hostagei, from Slioa, which
is far south of Magdala, forming in itself
clear evidence that the title is more than
mere emptv words. We may also suppose
that it is to these old smooth-bore mus
ketry and the guns left by Lord Napier
and Kirkman's drilling we may ascribe
the complete fa'dure of the elaborately
planned campaign ot the Khedive s army
last October, when whole columns per
ished, and, according to reports, in one
case, not a single man escaped. Mun
zinger's death, which to dc place during
these attacks on Abyssinian soil, is, ot
course, sympathizeti with, for he was em
ployed by our authorities during the
march to M igdala, and he was known to
almost all connected with the expedition.
He had been for years in the country, and
was known to the nafives,by whom at that
time he was supposed to be respected;
but since then he has made himself par
ticularly obnoxious to them, and finally,
he seems to have gone over to their enemy,
the Khedive, in whose service he was
acting, and making war against their
country, when he aud all his family were
massacred. Munzinger was a Swiss, and
contributed many important papers to
the scientific societies white he was con
nected with Abyssinia."
Too Much Wobk. Said one of
the oldest and most respectable farm
ers in this state: "1 cio not care to
have my men get up before five or half
past five in the morning, and if they go
to bed early, and sleep soundly, they
will do more work than if they got up at
four or half-past four." "We do not be
lieve in the eight hour law, but neverthe
less are inclined to think, as a general
rule, we work too many hours on the
farm. The best man we ever had to dig
ditches seldom worked, when digging by
the rod, more than nine hours a day. And
it is so by chopping wood by the cord.
The men who accomplish the most, work
the fewest hours. They bring all their
brain and muscle iuto exercise, and make
every blow tell. A slow,plodding Dutch
man may turn a grindstone or ianning
mill better thin aa energetic Yankee,
but this kind of work is mostly done by
horse-power, and the farmer needs, above
all else, a clear head, and with all his fac
ulties of mind and muscle, light and act
ive, and under complete control. Much,
of course, depends on temperament; but,
as a rule, such men need sound sleep, and
plenty ef it. Let fanners, and especially
farmers' boys, have plenty to eat, nothing
to "drink," and all the sleep they want
and can take. Ex.
It is an interesting fact, to which Sir
C. Wyville Thomson has lately called at
tention, that Ciptain Narcs, the com
mander of the recently-returned liritish
Arctic expedition, is the last of the few
navigators who have crossed the Antarctic
Circle. He commanded the Clisillenger
early in 1874, when that vessel, with the
English Government scientific expedition
on board, visited the regions about the
South Pole. The icebergs of these high
southern latitudes appear to hive been
all tabular originally, the surface gener
ally being perfectly level and p ir illel
with the ocean's surface; and in his re
cent Glasgow lecture, Sir C. Wyville
Thomson said there could be no reason
able doubt that the great table-topped
icebergs which they saw were prismatic
blocks broken from the edge of the erat
Antarctic ice-sheet, or wall of ice, which
has been seen by English and American
navigators at but oae or two points. No
trace of gravel or any other substance
necessarily derived irom the land was no
ticed upon anyof the icebergs seen in the
Southern Ocean.
The Paris ExnrBrTios. There is very
little interest in America concrninor tho
"Paris Exhibition" of next year, our own
great display having evidently given our
people enough of such things for several
years to come. Still it is not likely that
we will be unrepresented at Paris. The
Europeans are growing quite active i
n
ineir preparaiions.
Tktje economy does not consist in
stinting and pinching ourselves anel every
body about us.
The New Italian Gun.
The correspondent of the London
Timet at Spezzia gives the following ac
count of practice with the great 100 ton
gun of the new Italian iron-clad Dut'lio:
"Conceive a shell weighing 2,000
pounds, and moving at the rate of 1,374
feet per second much faster than sound
travels through the air. Yet the deter
mination was arrived at to go a step far
ther (the guaranteed velocity having al
ready been considerably exceeded) and
try a charge of 330 pounds. All being
arranged accordingly, the new cartridge
was brought up, looking considerably
thicker, and being the same length of the
shot four feet. OaC3 more the snarling
sound of the rushing water was heard,
the rammer drove home cartridge and
shot together, aud the deck was cleared.
For some reason everybody seemed a lit
tle more anxious about tiiis round, and
many hands were held over ears when the
trumpets sounded, Fire ! The awful bel
low of the big gun seemed to shake the
ground, and was reverberated from moun
tain to mountain, waking the echoes of
Zezzano, Port Veuera and Lei ici; a elense
cloud of smoke obscured the air and
hung for a time over the flashing waters;
the pontoon started back with a slow,
clumsy motion, but the monster himself,
the agent ef all the turmoil, looked
serenely unconscious of anything un
usual. Yet he spat from his mouth a
projectile weighing two thousand pounds,
with a velocity of 1,450 feet per second,
giving a blow equal to the force required
to lift 29,400 tons a foot high, and in his
exertions he had submitted to a maximum
internal strain tending to tear him open,
of about 23,000 tons. His recoil left
nearly seven inches to spare for a higher
charge.
"It would be impossible to describe the
satisfaction of the Italian officers. The
president of the committees, Admiral
Martin Franklin, was full of jiy and
kindly congratulations, while Ciptain
Albiui, who must have felt the burden of
a terrible responsibility during the last
few days, could not but show on his usu
ally calm and quiet face the pleasure
with which he was moved. It is plain
that considerably more work can be got
out of the gun, but it Ins already sur
passed the greatest power developed by
the 80 ton English gun in an exceptional
rouud. The work of the English shot
was 27,200 foot tons; the work of the
Italiau sh t was 29,400 foot tons. The
work per inch of circumference was, in
tlie case of the English shot, 540 toot
tous, tint of the Italiau shot 53J fool
tons. Nothing was ttrainid iu the least
degree. The sarnj quiet movement of a
handle that a child could push seut the
weight of 100 ton3 quietly back to its
place, anither touch depressed the muz
zle instantly for loading and moved its
muzzle up and down as required. All
worked with the same sin otu regularity
as ever."
Labeling Live Trout.
Numerous expeiiuicuts anel continued
observations, made under the auspices of
some of the practical pisciculturists be
bngiug to the association, have developed
results full of interest and of much prac
tical value. For instance, in reply to
queries as to the probable age of the
mammoth trout found in the liangeley
Lakes, Professor Agassiz emphatically
declared that "no man living knew
whether these six and eight pounders
were ten or two hundred years old." To
get some light upon this question, Mr.
Fage conceived an ingenious device,
which he at once proceeded to put in ex
ecution. Platinum wire was obtained,
cut into one and a half inch lengths, flat
tened at one end, and various numbers
were stamped on the surface from to 4,
also the numbers 70, 71, 72, to denote the
year. As trout were captured they were
weigheel, one ot these tags was passed
through the skin just under the adipose
fin and securely twisted, and then the fish
was liberated. In the course of the two
or three years named a large number of
these trout were thus labeled. Of course,
the chances that auy of them would be
caught seemed infiuitesimlly small, yet
in loid one ot them reported. In June
of that year, Mr. Thomas Moran, the
arnst, captured a nue, vigorous trout
weighiug 2 lbs. Upon takiug him from
the lauding nt the platinum tag flashed
in the suulight. Upon examination, the
mark, " 71, was discovered, thus es
tablishing the curious fact that this par
ticular fish had gained 1 lbs. in two
years. bcribner.
Ocean Fireworks. The Anchor Line
steamer Victoria, just in from Glasgow,
reports that while riding out a heavy
westerly gale about midway across the
Atlantic on the 18th ult., at six in the
evening, the atmosphere improvised a
ncu uispiay oi pnospaoric nreJvorKs.
Lalls ol glowing red fare the siz3 of a
man's fist danced upon the yards and
stays, and as they fell exploded in mid
air with a snapping report. They chiefly
alighte J upon the ends !f yards, at inter
vals ot a loot, though likewise favoring
the centers, and at times the vessel had
the aspect of being decorated for a first-
class festival. One of the balls burst
close to the nose of Theodore Kuox, the
chief officer, aud for a moment blinded
him. The noise was like that of a pistol
discharge. No debria struck the deck
and no smell was created. The balls
were atmospheric and impalpable. They
are generally forerunners of a gale.
It was a genuine five-year-old politi
cian rebuking his sister of three : "C la't
you pray better than that, Kittie? It's
mean ot you to pray just for your rela
tions and nobody els'e. Now hold up and
let me show you : 'God bless Papa and
Mamma and Aunt Fanny and me, too,
and the whisky ring and Sammy Tildeu,
and give the whole of 'em new hearts,
so that everything'll go straight and no
body get mad and nothing come to pieces.
For Jesus' sake, Amen.' "
The asylum for wora-out railroad
employees will be erected by William H.
Vanderbilt on the late Commodore's farm
at Low Point, about twelve miles below
Poughkeepsie.
The School-Boy's Apples.
A South Hill school-ma'am, the other
elay while working an example on the
board, detected an urchin directly behind
her in the unlawful act of devouring an
apple. She said to him, "Tim, what are
you doing?" "Nothin," said Tim, with
his mouth so full that his cheeks stuck
out on either side of his head like an al
derman's stomach. "Yes, you are,"
paradoxically insisted the teacher. "What
have "you in your hand?" "Napple."
said Tim, with some surprise, as he
looked at the fragment of the apple in
his hand and wondered who had bit it
while he was studying. "What has be
come of the rest of it?" "Dunno," said
Tim, looking around in an amazed effort
to discover who had the rest of it;
"somelwxly's been eaten it." "Have you
any more?" demanded the teacher.
"Yesni," said Tim dolefully, "got
'nother." "Where is it?" relentlessly
pursued the teacher. "In my desk,"
sighed Tim, as he began to suspect that
the teacher was going to tlemand it of
him. "Well, take it out and go and stand
on the platform and eat it." "Eat Vm
both?" queried Tim. "Yes, eat them
both." "Eat all I got?"1 elemanded Tim
in a subdued tone of countenance.
"Yes, eat all you have," impatiently re
sponded the teacher, and turning to the
board, continued, ''and don't you leave
that platform while you have any apple
left uneaten." Silence reigned in the
school-room. The paper pellet pursued
its tranquil transit unobserved and the
busy hum of the students made more
noise than the cautious smile of the in
dolent. Tim stood at his post. Munch,
munch, munch. Tho fragment in his
hand soon disappears 3, and he fell upon
the other apple silently but determinedly.
Quickly it follows the first. Then he put
his right hand into bis pantaloons pocket
and took out an apple, and after a cau
tious reconnoitre, during which he wiped
it on his trowsers, he began the attack.
He carried ths fort. Down went that
hand again, and another apple was
brought to light. It was quickly dis
patched. A third followed. Then he
changed his position, and, resting the
weight of his bodyon his left leg, sighed
as he drew from his left breeches pocket
another apple.
Wrhen it was gone he drew on the com
missary for another, and by the time he
produced the eighth apple he was silently
being observed by two-thir.ls of the boys
in the room. The teacher turned and
si the boy still stn ling i.i the artitu le
of on j who was reaching for something in
nis coat pocket. "Arj't yo 1 ihr mgh yeif"
she queried i i solne astonishment. "G t
'nother," stoically responded Tim, pro
ducing it aud falling to work on it. In
surprise the teacher saw him reach for
still another, and when that was gone,
surprise grew to amazement as his un
wavering hind again sought the mouth of
that gaping pocket. As the boy ate he
grew iu dimensions, and the teacher be
came alarmed. There seemed to be no
end to the apples that he had in his
clothes. "Tim, for mercy's sake, have
you any more apples?" "Got 'nother,"
said Tim indifferently. "How many more
apples have you?" "Duuno," said Tim,
"guess got two or three more." The
teacher did not d ire to let him proceed,
and appointed herself an investigating
committee to look after the back coun
ties. The boy never changed a muscle
of his countenance nor moved an inch
while the teacher pulled apple after apple
from his coat and stacked them upon the
desk, until there was something less than
a peck piled up, with D ide ejounty to hear
from. The school-room was a scene of
hilarity, which wasn't so much subdued
as it has been. Tim had laid in apples
for the winter, and the pockets of his
coat having no bottom, the coat was thus
an immense bag, which would hold as
many apples as he could carry. The
matter h isn't been laid before the school-
board yet,but the exhausted school ma'am
declares that the next time she will learn
how much of a crop of apples a boy has
about him before she issues any orders.
Burlington lluwkeye.
Nothing Like "Science." One day
last summer an old farmer and wife were
in a Detroit photograph gallery to have
som-i pictures taken of the wife. Before
proceeding to busiuess the farmer took
the artist a, ide and confidentially ob
served :
"The old lady was bound to come, and
I couldn't prevent, but now I want you
to do me a favor. She's got ears line a
cow, aud the biggest mouth I ever saw
on a woman. Her picture would be a
laughing-stock for all the children, and 1
know she'd be sorry when too late. Tell
her that she'll take the best in cold
weather, and then I'll fix the rest."
The artist performed his erran 1, and
the woman went away both disappointed
and pleased. The other day, when old
zero was howling himself hoarse, the
same pair returned to the gallery, and
the farmer seated his wife as far from the
stove as possible, and ordered her to be
"taken" at once. As the artist hurried
to obey, the farmer cornered him and
whispered :
"Mgniticeut aud unbounded success!
Mouth and ears reduced ons-half in sizj
by the cold I Heat expands cold con
tracts go ahead afore she thaws outl
Il.ioray for science and me!" Detroit
Free Press.
In a Street Car. He was a gentle
man from the country, and had ensconced
his "girl" and himself in the corner of a
Highland car. As the vehicle sped up
Shawmut Avenue his arm began to steal
around his companion's waist, and his
head inclined lovingly towards her, un
conscious of observation by the few re
maining passengers. Just as the car ap
proached Sawyer street the conductor
thrust his head inside the car, and yelled
"Saw yer," iu close proximity to Hay
seed's head. The latter, hastily drawing
himself "into form," indiguantly re
marked: "You needn't er howled it
through the car, if yon did. We're en
gaged," and the rest of the freight set
their faces toward the driver and grinned.
Com. Bulletin.
Mrs. Jeff Dayis is ia Europe,