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THE ENTERPRISE.
OKEIION riTV, ORECOXinifl 30, 1575.
Important Land Decision.
yWe arc in rrceipt of a disjmtch
from Senacr Kelly, dated Washing
ton, April 20th, informing us that
Secretary of the Interior lias review
ed and reversed the Commissioner's
iTocision in the Donation Land case
of "Win. Meek. This is an important
matter, the Commisioner having de
cided that in cases of married persons
claiming donations under the act of
1850, -where the wife died before the
husband completed the four years
resilience required by the law, her
half of the claim determined at her
death and reverted to the United
states. Thes Commissioner's decis
ion was at variance with our estab
lished rule which had stood unques
tioned for more than twenty years.
Had the decision been finally affirm
ed it would have had the effect to
seriously embarrass and cloud many
titles heretofore unquestioned.
Senator Kelly filed an able article
in the case, a copy of which is before
us, and is entitled to great credit for
successfully resisting a decision that
would have caused serious embar
rassment to many land holders in
Oregon.
City Election.
Next Monday, the voters of Ore
gon City will be called upon to select
their city officers for the ensuing
year. The election lias no political
signrtication.as the local interests are
the motives which induce a person to
vote for this or that ijian upon either
ticket. Hut it has keen the univer
sal custom to run jarty tickets in
this place, and so Air as outsiders
arc concerned, it gives them the im
pression of the strength of the two
parties. If our Radhjal friends pro
pose to make the ijues on these
broad basis, we are flisfied and will
: pladly meet them oiiylMonday next.
Among the points at issue in that
case will bo, do the people of Ore
gon City propose to indorse the Civil
Rights Dill? Do they uphold the
Federal Government in interfering
in local Stato Governments? "Will
they sustain, under th""i name of Ike
publican party tins removal of faith
ful ami honest officials from their po
sitions to give place to thoso who
got them by, to say the least, ques
tionable practices? Do they pro
pose to sustain tho third term policy
of tho Administration? These are
.some of tho national questions, and
while wo claim that they have noth
ing to do with our city affairs, the
Radicals outside of this place, and
some oven here, should they be suc
cessful, will assert tliat the result
-was an endorsement of all these
questions. But we now take a very
important local matter, which should
bo lecided beyond question. It is
well known that a portion of the Re
publicans of this place are opposed
to the turning over of tho school
to the Directors of this District.
This is a local matter, and we believe
that no man should be elected who
is uot in favor of immediately turn
ing the building over to the Direc
tors, by them to be kept for educa
tional purposes. It is argued by
some that the city has paid for the
house and the district ought to pay
back the juice to th city. This is
child's argument. ItAs true the city
paid for the prop ly, and it is
equally as true that tV. citizens who
compose the district make up the
city, so if the district was to buy the
school house, the c tizens of the !
town would have to be taxed to pay
for it. Tho district is the city, and
nothing more nor less. But this is
not the true objection some have
against turning the building over.
There are'some, and we regret to say
it, whr desire to break up the school.
If they should succeed in getting
into the Council, they would close
up the school bouse and thus accom-
piis.i int.- vmi i irj aiiutu ui m iuf.
i: .1. i i i : t. .
school meeting, lhn is their true
, ?, ,
purpose, and those who are favora-
,, , , . . ,
ble to our school interests should
look v U to the names on their tick-
, ... . . ,
ct before they cast their votes. There
is another important matter to take
into consideration in this city elec
tion. With the exception of one
year in the past fifteen, the republi
can have had control of affairs.
Those ia power regarded it as their
special prcqerty and the public
knew nothing what wis being done.
Three vears ago o change was made
and that Council inaugurated a sys-
tern by which the public was inform-
ed of how matters stood. The Re-
publicans have had the matter in
their hands for tho past two years,
and wo find that we are about in the
same condition now. A change is
certainly leneficial. The servants
of the
people should let them know
what tliev have done Vocordin to
. -vccoruiD' lo
i uuring tne past
.mi-juui Known to
have been expended during that time
with the ilebt, the city at this time'
should be free from indebtedness.' Xf.ver Fails. When you see two some disadvantages. The great and
But we know not whether it is or columns of government conti act pro- far famed Californi.i. has her disad
not. One thing we do know, that posals on one side, turn the paper i vantages; she has her droughts, that
when the Republicans stepped out right over, and you will find the ; mean starvation to man and beast,
before, city scrip was worth sixty nicest kind of a stand-by the-Presi- : More than once has she had to get
cents in trade and when the Demo- dent-anyhow leading editorial article j tkrur and wheat from Oregon to feed
crats btepped out, it was worth tUe yisi,le PaS- Thc j ProJri!3'1nc , her population. Nver since the
eighty cents in coin. Ad from aU th settlement of Oregon has she
we can. learn, the la; Hguxo ; all. it i Ltils. ' failed to ru.ica tiyu to fttd her
is worth at present. Taking all these
matters into consideration, we ask
-o-"
it would not be good policy to make I v 1mv
i i resDondents from bandy Have liaa
another change? lespouueuu
i but little to say about our Grange,
The Responsible Parties. ! and perhaps it might interest many
of your numerous readers, to know
Last week we devoted quite a i hQyf our Grange is prospering. But
lengthy article to the convict labor j a liuIe over a year ago, Cascade
question, and gave our views as to ! grange, No. 120, was organized with
the effects this class of labor will in , thirt charter members. It was pre
the future have upon free mechanics, j Jictej thafc a Orange could not be
The Statesman haa been riding a bob-j . j L e on accoullt of the
by on this question for the past week
a -i -i - -i .- :
or two, ana persists in cuarging uio , proPr,ered beyond the expectation oi
State Administration with the pies- . its most arjent supporters. Five
ent condition of afiairs. This, our j new memi,ers haYe joined in the past
readers will bear in mind, is not tho year At the expiration of the year,
case. The enemies of the State Ad-. when tiiQ retiring Master was'con
ministratiou are the parties to whom j tting the members upon their
tins is ciiargeawe. At uie last ses- i
sion of the Legislature, everj effort
was made by tho Radicals', aided by
a portion of the Independents, to
wrest the control of the Penitentiary
from the Democrats, and we found
such patriotic lights as O. B. Gibson,
late Internal Revenue collector, II.
C. Owen, the Independent Saint, J.
B. Condon, a Radical, John White,
another leading Independent, and
John F. Miller, the latter of whom
is the only Democrat among the lot
read- to take the convict labor. It
was the urposo of these parties to
employ the convict labor for manu
facturing purposes. Then came an
other bill, after this little game was
checked by the most strenuous efforts
of the Democratic Administration
and tho members of the Legislature,
to appoint three Commissioners to
tako charge of tho institution with
power to leaso the convicts. This
was also a lladical move to get hold
of the Penitentiary. So it will be
seen that the present bill under which
the convicts are leased, is the work
of Radicals and Independents, and
the State Administration is siinplj
responsible for enforcing or carrying
out a law which an incompetent Leg
islature passed. So far is the Dem
ocratic State Administration respon
sible, and no further.
The Statesman further charges that
the convicts are leased at alow figure
to Democrats. This is not so. Tho
Superintendent advertised for bids
for this labor, and those who have
leasee! the labor are old Radicals, as
Stephen Collin, who is at the head of
the penitentiary manufacturing com
pany, besides a number of other Rad
icals and Independents. We know
of no Democrat besides Sam. Bass
who has taken any stock in the Pen
itentiary labor. So much for the
charge that this labor is employed
by Democratic favorites. The bids
were advertised for, and the contract
was awarded to tho highest bidder.
This was required by law, and the
State Administration carried out the
letter and spirit of the same. The
evil effects of the measure must rest
with the Legislature and not the
Governor.
As to the expenses of that institu
tion, the Statesman shoots equally as
far from the facts in the case. The
last Legislature appropriated 00,000
for the support of the Penitentiary
for the present two years, and pro
hibited the Superintendent from us
ing any funds earned by the convicts
or creating any debt whatever.
There are now over li'.O convicts in
the Penitentiary. During tho last
Radical administration of that insti
tution, when there were about sixty
convicts to support, the appropria
tion was over G0,000 for two years.
This shows which party has admin
istered the affairs most economically.
Besides there was a deficiency to
make up. The Statesman has evi
dently come to tho conclusion that ii
has a good thing in this Ponitentiarj
matter, and we are willing for it to
make all tho political buncombe it
can out of it. But, when the public
tako into consideration that after for
ty days hard labor by the Dolph in
vestigating committee, aided by Pat
ton, the known enemy of the Super
intendent, that committee utterly
j failed to find and improper manage-
mmt , o ... , .,.,,.
i 410, , , f !
anil the simple charges from unre-
I 1;, i i , , n , , , , .L,
! liable sources should be taken with
n, x- it ,!
i creat allowance. .Nn nnlilir ofTici-ii
. i, , i t , !
haseer been hounded as was Bill
: vr.,!-;,., i . i. i t ., . ;
i ,i, ,.,.,n r i . '
' - f.-.v Aav-Jbn(.L&wXA
showed that he had made a compe
tent and efficient officer, and the un-
j supported charges of his political
onnonents have been nrnved rrrmin.l-
j less aua malieious. If tlje c7,.wm
thinka it can make ;ttt
j o "J "
assaults on the Democratic State Ad
ministration on this scorn it i nt
. fuU libertv to tlevote its euergies in
J tbat airectiou. We want it distinctlv
i nnjerstood that we
, , I
are opposed to
any kind of labor which is calculated j
. , , , . . , ... .
to degrade and interfere with white
labor, whether that be convict or j
China. But this does not arprue that
I wf have anv Censur to Knstnw- on
; Mtn A.im.'n,-ti-ti-,,n :.,
-. . it i .
I duty in carrying out the laws passed
. b Il;uUcals and Independents.
The
evil effects of this must be charged
to those who passed the law.
f Interesting Letter From Sandy,
j SASYApriI 23, 1S75.
- rwTTi.-. Your cor-
citv cf the settlement, but it has i
1 . .. ... - '
lirosner;tv. he said that if there was
1 i. .
anything which we should feel justly
proud of, it was that no feeling of
discord had found a resting place in
our Grauge. The old grudges and
animosities that had existed for yeai-s
have given place to more kind and
humane feeling. During tho past
winter, social parties were the order,
where fun and good cheer abounded,
which brought forcibly to niy mind
the good old times when you and I
were boys. At the last meeting of
Cascade Grange S. D. Coleman was
elected W. M., in place of J. C. Bran
ham resigned. Henry McGugiii,
Secretary of the Grange, presented a
subscription paper to raise means to
publish the resources of Clackamas
county, after describing the State
and county board of Immigration
and what they proposed to do, he
said ho did not know of a better in
vestment tho members of our Grange
could make than to aid this board of
Immigration; certainly none that
will be more creditable to us unless
to provide for tho destitute. The
impression is abroad, in some quar
ters that our organization is desirous
of benefitting the farming communi
ty alone. We want to show upon this
and every other occasion that we de
sire and arc laboring for the pros
perity and happiness of all, as the
farming community is the fountain
head from which all prosperity must
flow, whatever oppresses the farmer,
in a like proportion, will it oppress
all other trades and callings. The
sooner this fact is understood, the
sooner will the Patrons disarm their
opponents and all will move along
smoothly to prosperity and to happi
ness. Fears have been expressed to
mo that the money contributed may
not be wisely and honestly used. All
I have to say in reply to this is that
the Hon. John Myers, State Senator
from Clackamas county is President
of the board for Clackamas and F. O.
McCoweu, Mayor of Oregon City, is
the Secretary, two gentlemen who
have been honored by and stand high
in the estimation of their fellow citi
zens, and the board is composed of
gentlemen who desire the settlement
and the prosperity of our county
and will add their dollars to the
subscription, and no fears need be
entertained that a dollar of the
money so raised will find its way
into the pocket of any undeserving
person. Some object to trying to in
duce immigration into our neighbor
hood because they say the best loca
tions have been taken up. But there
are thousands of acres of land in this
precinct alone, and there are plenty
of men that would be glad to know
it. There is hardly a man in our
neighborhood but is holding or owns
four times as much land as they can
cultivate or make profitable to him
self for the next twenty years. Whero
j then is the wisdom in holding on to
I this sCrplus of land and paying taxes
on it ycai' after year'? G. W. Shar
rock bettered his conditio? and also
largely benefitted this settlement by
selling a portion of his land thus
making three farms where there was
but one. Three times the taxable
property besides three times the
ability to build roads and school the
children. If we will but contribute
a little each to sustain our board of
Immigration, fyid offer our surplus
land low, ere long we can all find
, . ' , . . , , tl
salo for a part of our land, ana tuns
. lt 1 -. v.- ,,
better our own and the condition oi
the community. Docs
doubt that it pays to
any one
advertise?
Kvcry successful business man knows
that it does. How many make for
tunes by advertising extensively the
most transparent humbugs. Those
States and cities that have advertised
most extensively have grown up rap
idly. Does any object for fear too
rlattering a description of our State
and county will be published? There
is not a State in this Union which
offers greater inducements to immi-
grants than Oregon. She has a mild
fo i t- i
, , , . ,
and cheap farms. She is nearer the
. . , , ,
center of the commercial world than
the Empire State and who shall say
that when Oregon becomes thickly
populated and her vast resources be
come developed, she ma' not rival
any State in this Union? Then if Or
egon possesses all that soil, climate
and situation can bestow, w hat more
lean be desired; all countries have
COURTESY OF BANCROFT LIBRARY.
UNIVERSITY OF CALIiX)RNIA,
BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA
population and to spare. In the last
twelve months over one hundred
ship loads of Hour and wheat left Or
egon to supply the wants of other
lands. Then if each one who desires
the settlement, the wellfare and pros
perity of our State, will help a little
with this board of Immigration and
railroad communication with the
East ere long, Oregon's hillsides and
her valleys will become thickly pop
ulated with a prosperous and a hap
py people. Then will our rivers and
our harbors be whitened with the
sails of ships to bear our surplus
products to distant lands and bring
us back the luxuries of other climes
and gold to develop our vast mineral
and other resources. At the conclu
sion of Mr MeGugin's remarks which
were well received, Mr. John J.
Strowbridge made a spirited appeal
to the members to contribute liber
ally stating that immigration was the
great want of our State and with it,
would flow wealth enterprise aud
prosperity. He made us believe he
was in earnest by contributing two
dollars. Francis Revinue also gave
two dollars; Charles Cole aud II.
McGugin each gave a dollar; Uriah
Paine, Mrs. Lidy Revinue, F. Sea
vers, Joseph Goi, and Joseph Wil
liage, fifty cents each. I believe the
committee has made a mistake in
calling for at this serson of the year,
when money is so scarce. This is
not a healthy locality for neighbor
hood quarreling or lawing, as we
have none of either; even thc mem
bers of the various Church denomi
nations appear to have buried the
tommy-hawk and scalping knife and
all meet and mingle socially under
the same vino and fig tree. Mr.
Harvey Cross, (a clever and prom
ising young man) has an engagement
with tho Cascade Road and Bridge
Company, to collect toll on their
road the coming season. As the
road has mostly changed hands, I
understand the new company intend
to make it what it ought to be, a
number ouo road. There is quite
a mystei-y up here who your Sandy
correspondent "New Comer is, as
his letters arc quire witty and amus
ing. We would like to hear from
him often, if he is not too busily en
gaged studying the rules of draw
poker, as taught by General Schenek
at the Court of St. James.
One of my neighbors informs ino
that Uncle Samuel's officials arc on
his track charging him with selling
a quart of liquor without investing
the requisite amount of stamps. If
there is no evidence but the infor
mant, thc proof against him rests on
a very crooked stick. But I suppose
that does not make" any difference
with Uncle Sam's officials, so they
get a bite, it it does come out of the
dear people's pocket. The general
inlpression here is that Uncle Sam
has the wrong pig by the tail this
time.
I have seen a letter from a brother
of Rudolph Gantenbein of this coun
ty and Rev. J. Gantenbein of Portland
inquiring about the prices of land
and cattle, and produce in Oregon
aud the cost of getting here as he in
tends moving to Oregon this Sum
mer, bringing with him a large and
promising family. Perhaps a few
remarks from you Mr. Editor, as to
the prices and cost of getting here,
might convey this desirable informa
tion to many who contemplate mov
ing to Oregon. His letter, which is
dated at Calumet county, Wisconsin
March, 18th 187"), says there was two
feet of snow on the ground then and
the cars were blockaded by snow
drifts; that the people were out dig
ging night and day to get them
through; that the weather for a long
time during winter was extremely
cold, ranging from thirty to forty de
grees below zero. I think that would
have made an Oregonian's nose look
blue. If each - subscriber for your
paper after reading it would mail it
to some friend in the East, much
good might bo done towards the set
tlement of our county.
The political excitement is running
quite low here at present. We re
publicans are quite demoralized and
would like to make a new departure
since the passage of the Civil Rights
bill, and the course our Representa
tive S. P. Lee took in the Legisla
ture in favoring Woman Suffrage,
a measure distasteful to nine-tenths
of the people of our comity; in op
posing the Assessor's bill, which I'm
creditably informed was introduced
in the SenaiO bj the Hon. John My
ers and by his characteristic energy
and perseverance, he got it passed
by that body. By the assistance of
tho Democratic members of the
House it finally passed and by the
signature of a Democratic Govern
or it is now a law, that only one
thousand dollars of indebtedness
shall be taken out, by the Assessor,
a measuro that I believe will relieve
the tax-payers more than all thc acts
passed by the last Legislature; in
also favoring even Republican petty
partisan measures gotten up to annoy
thc Democratic State officials. There
arc scores of Democrats and Repub
licans (if thc sentiment prevails in
other sections of the county that does
here) that supported S. P. Lee, will
never support him or any other Re
publican again.
Mr. Editor, as your Sandy corres
pondent has been charged with being
a little too boastful to be real whole
some; I hope I may not be so accus
ed as I aim to tell a few facts, with
out exageration. When anything
sensational occurs, I will try to keep
you posted. Yours respect full y, from
A G i: nu ei:.
Remarkable. The Staleonan says:
Drs; J. C. Shelton, E. R. Fiske and
J. C. ('base made a post mortem ex
amination of the remains of Mrs.
Nesbit last Monday. It was found
that the neck was broken and the
fifth ceverical vertebra was fractured
and dislocated backwards, and the
spinal column much injured. The
wonder is that death was not instan
taneous and would have been, had
the injury been nearer the skull.
From thc time of her accident up to
the moment of her death she retain
ed her senses, but thc lower part of
her limbs were completely paralyzed
from the moment of thc injury. "
.
RETtnxixG. Hon. J. S. Smith re
turned to Portland on the steamer
this week. His many friends
throughout the State will regret to
learn that his health has not materi
ally improved during his absence.
The Per Cent, of Gain From
Home Manufactures.
TUIItD AKTICLE.
From the Oregon ian.
Having spoken of this gain to the
business activity, and to the increase
of confidence in our business which
is itself the best capital we speak in
the third place of its direct effect
upon our industrial interests.
Employment is the prime source
of prosperity. The largest yv- cent,
of rallies of all JctmU of rjoorh is the
hihor of jn-odnchi'j them and patting
them in the hands of the consumer.
The chief value of cordwood is the
labor of cutting and hauling it. The
materials for a pair of boots or a
coat or a plow, or a wagon, or a stove,
or a book-case, or a riile or a knife,
or a watch cost but very little. Their
worth is in the skill and toil of the
artisan, and the cost of exchange.
An aero of wheat well cultivated
brings tho farmer, possibly, 33
bushels, or one ton. Delivered at
the port of shipment, it brings him
$1 37 per cwt., or $27 4.0. It costs
him about i?lG 50 to raise a ton and
put it on board a ship. If ho raises
only 20 bushels per acre, or 1,2001b
he gets 810 41, or hardly the cost of
his labor.
The best cedar for tubs and buck
ets, brings at the Oregon City facto
ry 8 per cord; but goods worth sev
eral times that sum are produced
from a cord. Wool costs 50 cents
per pound, but broadcloth made of
it is worth from s2 or S3 per pound.
In a word, when we buy a stock of
goods, or a carload of machinery, or
an invoice of hardware or furniture,
or a cargo of sugar or rice, we pay
trom 70 to 90 per cent, for the labor
and transportation which is labor
and only 10 to 30 per cent, for the
material. Your baker and butcher,
and shoemaker, and blacksmith, will
tell you all they make is on their la
bor and skill. Increaso your indus
tries, employ every man, woman and
child, and you will create values fas
ter than crops can grow or miners
can wash out the gold. Home man
ufactures furnish opportunities for
your idle hands. For instance, Ore
gon has 10,000 children of school
age, between 4 and 20 years. Large
ranks of them pass annually into
womanhood and manhood. Few
ways are open for them to make a
living. It is hard for a man to find
trades for his boys or places for his
girls. Wo have a few foundries in
which a few apprentices are permit
ted to learn a trade; one or two furni
ture manufacturing establishments
that tako from two to eight boys
each; three or four factories that em
ploy from ten to thirty lads and girls;
and tin shops, and blacksmith shops,
shoe shops, and wagon shops, a
meat market, bakery in every town,
a watch maker, a brick yard, and
tannery here and Ihere that will cm
ploy one or two each; but the vast
majority must seek work abroad, or
keep on the farm or in the woods.
Our sprightly young men hasten to
other cities and States that invite la
bor and encourage the skillful arti
san. Our printing establishments
have done much to employ lads and
teach them a trade, but tho general
decline reduces their power to help
others. Surveying has but a narrow
field, that will soon bo closed up.
School teaching oilers annually new
places, but finds a larger annual in
crease of well prepared teachers.
Clerks are more numerous than
places for them. Looking on all
sides, we have not work enough for
our growing children. Add to these
the immigrants whom wo invite by
every argument to our northwest
coast, we find that a large per cent,
of thc people must be idle. They
cannot all produce wool, or hen's
eggs, or salmon, oi' beef, or pork, or
wheat or oats; for it is easy to over
stock tho market. All mouths are
easily filled with food in our prolific
climate and from our abundant re
sources of laud and river. And
when this condition happens, there
is a stagnation of business, and a new
chill of idleness settling over dull
streets and gloomy houses.
But extend home manufactures to
supply all wants, and to employ all
hands, and every finger-touch will
put value upon something that be
fore was worthless. The gentlemen
who have begun to make glue and
neatsfoot oil and curled hair, have
set a noble exauqdo of what can be
done. A new tannery is a double
benefit, in saving us from importing
leather, and in setting men and boys
to work in getting bark and tanning
thc hides. Every anvil and lap
otono in use adds value to otherwiso
useless material. Every table or
bedstead or bureau made from our
own woods confers a double benefit
upon tho people, giving them em
ployment on the one hand and com
fort on the other. Thc Oregon Fur
niture Manufacturing Company now
established in Portland, as estimat
ed saves ."0,iX)0 per annum to the
Stato that wotild be paid for such
goods to other States, and thus de
velop nearly this amount of labor
and skill among ourselves that would
otherwise be idle, or be lost to us.
The Oregon City and Salem facto
ries put on the market several hun
dred thousand dollars worth of goods
annually, aa the product of labor and
skill and power applied that was be
fore useless.
An instance of the value of home
manufactures appeared as an item in
the daily paper of the 22d. A gen
tleman from San Francisco imports
gloves made there, and undersells
the English gloves, even in Victoria,
their own market, after aying a duty
of seventeen per cent. Many people
buy and wear gloves. All credit to
San Franciscans, who make them in
stead of importing them.
Two or three men in that city
have begun to manufacture the Cor
nell watch, employing many artisans
and many girls. People buy Avatches
freely. It is a noble thing to make
them at home.
Samuel Williston, of Easthampton
early lost his health, and could not
continue his studies and fit himself
for professional life. He was poor
both before and after his marriage.
His wife began to cover buttons and
sell for support. He iicited in the
work. The business increased, and
new and quicker processes were in
vented, and more laborers and ma
chinery employed. At length his
importations of cloth became so large
that he cut his covers in England to
save a part of the duty. A village
grew up around his shops. An acad
emy was founded by him. Hun
dreds of pupils are yearly taught,
many fitted for college, others for
business. Amherst college has re
ceived a largo endowment from his
industry. Churches and ministers
have been largely supported by his
industries. Families of tho poor
have been reared to profitable trades
and to afiluence by this single busi
ness of button making. Most peo
ple buy buttons. It is a gain to
have them made in your own neigh
borhood. We want matches to light lamps
and fires, if not cigars. He is a ben
efactor, who makes them and pxits
them up near your own door. He
ought to have your trade, instead of
the man OUO or 5.000 miles off.
Bonaparte said that England's
manufacturers, not her soldiers, con
quered his continental armies. Eng
land has employed all her people
and controlled manufactures, the
commerce and tho markets of the
world. She draws her wealth out of
the bone and sinew and brain of her
industrious artisans. Xew England
has learned to do the same. The
tier of States westward to the Miss
issippi have begun to produce at
home what they had bought from
others. Georgia follows in that path.
California takes rapid strides in sup
pling her own and other markets
with home made goods. Riches
abide with them all. Oregon and
Washington must do the same, if
they would save money and gain
more.
Forinii Anricr.E.
Producers want markets. He who
raises food from garden, orchard and
field, seeks consumers. Tne -nearer
thej are to him, the qnirJo r arc l.i-
sales and the, larger his net )iri,f,t.
Employ every other person in homo
manufactures, and they Avill consume
all the vegetables and fruits early
and late which neighboring garden
ers and orchardists can produce.
They Avill give lifo to thc milk, bread
and butter business, paying cash
promptly for all they buy. They
will support and increase the num
ber of grocers, and impart animation
and stetdiness to all the smaller
tradesmen of town and city.
Large amounts and varieties of
farm products are Avaste.l or almost
valueless for Avant of a village m u
ket at hand. Storekeepers pass many
idle hours and days, because so few
marketmen can sell what they could
bring, or buy what they need. But
Avherever a small factory starts, trade
livens up. The employees, on their
way home from Avork, call for sup
plies for their tables, at two or three
shops, and for some article of cloth
ing or comfort of one or two other
tradesmen. Increaso the factories,
and laborers, men, women and chil
dren, and the sheets of ever village
and city Avill sing, day and evening.
with the hum and cheer and
attlii ot
busy throngs. Thrift will also mark
their persons and their dwellings.
A gentleman who had spent ton
VflUS IM it IHIR-lJl-l IKJill A l 1 1 1 .lli.l , e -
lllinea ro iviigiau.i, j eiiiiiinu-jj; mere
a feAV months. On coining back, his
Avords were: "Everybody is busy
there; all are at work, and all have
work to do. Every articlo of food,
eACry turnip, radish, lettuce-head,
potato, currant, plum and peach,
Avhich a man brings to market, selis
quick for cash. You cannot have too
much, for there are so many months
to feed." He Avent to work hero in
his garden and brought his vegeta
bles and berries to market and got
the best sales that were made, but
thc market was so dull every day
that ho became utterly discouraged,
and a feAV weeks ago he sold out and
left for England, or for some place
in Avhich people can have something
to do and can earn money to buy
food. We do not commend the wis
dom of his course, while Ave recall
the lesson of his experience.
A gentleman, recently' from a visit
to the manufacturing villages of
Massachusetts, tells of the surprise
he felt to see so many artisans going
to and from their shops, and so much
groAvth and thrift in all those com
munities. The houses of the me
chanics Avere models of neatness and
comfort. Many of them had little
patches beside their houses for veg
etables and fruits, and a stable Avith
horse and carriage and other conven
iences. Imagine a hundred sxich
model houses built up in a commun
ity and increasing every year. The
lumber merchant, the brick maker
and mason, the plasterer, thc builder
and plumber, and painter, and furni
ture manufacturer, are all in demand
and their Avork is paid for promptly
from the sale of goods manufactured.
One trade prepares for another. It
is not easy to overdo production
when one thing creates a want for
another.
Before the day of daguerreotypes
and photographs Ave felt no need of
them, but now they are a necessity,
as the term is used, in eA-ery house
hold. You Avant thc face "of your
living friends the mementoes of
those departed. Ere sewing machines
were invented, our mothers Avi-es i
and daughters mado garments vr-rv !
j Avell by hand. But that day is passed I
j forever, and this manufacture devel- i
opes into larger proportions annual
ly, supporting tens .of thousands of
workmen and agents, and building
up some of the most thriving cities
of the Eastern and Middle States.
Ihirty-fiA-e years ago a piano was
considered a luxury not to be indulg
ed in by a Christian. A minister,
known to the writer, having been
made a residuary legatee of a wealth y
brother's projerty, projiosed to buy
and did buy, a piano for the use of
his four daughters. He had no son.
Some of liis church objected, re
proaching his extravagance, and mak
ing it one ground of complaint
which ended in his dismissal. One
of his daughters afterward married a
relative, and became one of the heirs
of the late George Peabody, of Lon
don. How much the piano helped
that marriage deponent knoweth not.
But Ave can testify that pianos have
got into ministers' houses since then
Avithout turning out the pastors. In
those days Worcester, Massachusetts,
was a l-espectable village. The ledge
of rocks on Avhich Mr. Thayer built
the "Oread institute," was then iso-?
lated, a .Avouder Avhich croakers said
would bankrupt tho builder, and
end in the failure of the school. But
the xiano manufacturers drew a class
of mechanics around; machine shops
Avere put up; ..various - home indus
tries sprang into existence, and
Worcester now encloses not onl- the
"Oread institute," hill and all, but
buys the ledge for building material,
and gives a solid cash foundation for
that and many other enterprises.
Start your home manufactories of
all kinds, and novirish them Avith
capital at first, and they Avill put a
large per cent, of value upon now
Avorthless stones, and clays, and lum
ber, besides furnishing a home mar
ket" for your articles of food and
clothing, and a place for your chil
dren to learn useful and" lucrative
trades. Man's Avants Avill multiply
with ovory new invention, and extend
abroad Avith every new mode of com
municating with his felloAv man.
I. 0. 0. F. Celebration.
Probably at no period in the his
tory of Odd FelloAVship has its anni
versary ben so generally observed
throughout the United Slates, and
especially in Oregon, as it ay as last
Monday. At Portland and Canyon
ville extensive preparations Avere
made for the occasion. At the form
er place, Hon. S. C. Simpson deliv
ered the oration, and at the latter,
Hon. O. X. Denny, of Portland.
Both are spoken of as very able and
interesting productions, and the at
tendance Avas very large. In all
Lodges throughout the State appro
priate ceremonies were had to do
honor to the eAont. Hon. If. G.
StruA O, Grand Master of Oregon, was
Avith the brethren at Cmyom-illp,
and made them a very interesting
ltd d re So.
have jnst
The iaenilero of tint Order
reason to feel proud of
their organization nad the progress
it has made in the fifty-six years of
its existence in the United Slates.
The following figures, taken from
i the last annual report f the Grand
Secretary of the Grand Lodge of the
United States, Avill give the reader
an idea of the niagnitTade of this in
stitution: The annua rc-pcrt &l 1874 shows
that there rert. the previons year,
under the jmisdietitxa sf the Grand
Lodge of the United States, -10 Grand
Lodges, 5,l!r(i subordinate Lodges,
AA ith a momvrship of Ai-i.-l-: Grand
Jneampojems.
camnmr-nts, ..
subordinate En-
"l2. Avith a roe-Mil ier-
diip of SO, 131; Rel.-e?h Degree
Lodges, 512. During the pre-Aious
year there had been 57,151 Lodge
initiations. The relief )v Lodges
for that period was l.'KYJ
by Encampments, 150.787 0t; by
Rebekah Lodges. ".55? ;-; aggre
gating -Sl,4t0.-7i 72. The annual
revenue Avas S"!.-i:U,O0i 0M, an in
crease of Sl3fi.l5'. Ml over the previ
ous year. It avsII be seen that tho
ine?ubershij is rapidly gravitating
toward half a million, and the aggre
gate revenue proximate the larcro
j snm or Ilve minions ot dollars,
In Oregon the Order has progress-
; ej at a remarkably moid rate. Tho
j fjy Tjd
i i'xlcre- Avas
organ i:d at Salem,
in 1852; tho membership increased
very slowly until 1800, and now
there are over 2,700 Odd Fellows
under the jurisdiction of the Grand
Lodge of Oregon, divided into sixty
four Lodges. The revenue of these
Lodges is over fifty thousand dollars
per annum, and the annual relief
paid to its members
fourth of this sum.
is about one
This shoAvs a
relief for tho
systematic organ iz
benefit of those in need and distress.
The Encampment branch of ths Or
der is also prospering finely, and
Avhile three years ago there. was bnt
one Encampment in Oregon, now
there are six and one in Washington
Territory. The Grand Encampment
Avas Organized the 20th of la3t March
and under its fostering care the sub
ordinates Avill grow faster than they
have in the past. We can say, truly,
that Odd FelloAvs haAe good reason
to feel proud of their Order, and its
annual celebrations are but a just
tribute to the success of one of thc
greatest institutions over organized
and perpetuated for tho benefit of
the human race.
An Oif-Ykai;. The lively politi
cal work in our own Stale, remarked
a Connecticut journal, just prior to
thc late election, ay ill bo revived in
Ohio and Pennsylvania the coming
fall. As both States have been strong
ly Radical, Democratic majorities
would bo convincing evidence of tho
onward roll of the tidal-wave. It has
been an off-year so far with the Rad
icals. Probably so called on account
of their being shoved off various pin
nacles of power.
IxTF.r.ESTrxo. A telegram from
Washington City dated tho 27th inst.
has this little item of neAvs about
Oregon people. The Evening Star
says editorially:
It is noAV said tho efforts to dis
place Secretary Delano arise from a
omVii nfil ninvnmfiit on tlift nfirt of
! Senator Mitchell of Oregon, Ben
j Holladay, Unfits Ingalls and others
; avIio Avaut him replaced by some one
j who will join them in securing to a
, corporation already formed, and in
Avhich they are interested the Black
Hills country.
o
G
0