J?
0
O
e
O
O
ORIGINAL DEFECTIVE
O
G
o
o
O
o
G
o
o
O
o
o
o
o
o
e
-o
o
o
c
o
o
o
o
c
o
G
O
1
-
THEJfJTERPRISE.
OREGON CIT7, OREGON, FEB. 12, 1875.
The Infamy Accomplished.
anmnera legacy to the Radical
party, the Civil Right bill, has
passed the Lower House of Congress
cThe Democrats did all in their power
to prevent its passage, and as lon
as they were allowed to filibuster
they succeeded in preventing it from
coming to a direct vote. It has been
amcndedjn some particulars, which
requires it to go back to the Senate
for its final action, and there remain
ing but a few more days for the pres
ent Congress to outrage the people,
it may possibly yet fail to become a
law. 9
This bill was one of the main issues
in the general elections last fall, and
was the principal cause of the defeat
of the Radical party. But the usur
pers in Congress, hoping to win the
negro vote back, deemed themselves
justified in outraging the sentiment
of the peoplo to accomplish this ob
ject. This Congress is a cheat on
the American people. It does not
; represent even a respectable minority
as the last fall elections plainly show.
In many places in the North, even,
were the Radicals forced to disown
the measure, and now, after having
been universally condemned, they
have "forced jit downthe throats of
the people." jGrant has been report
ed as oiposei to the measuse, but
since the lafll agreement between
himself and Me Radical leaders as
regards his tl ird term, he will un
doubtedly approve of the infamy,
and with the Lgro vote and Federal
bayonets, expefct to re-elect himself
to the positiorlhe has so shamefully
disgraced. Il
The Radici; leaders cannot see
their foolhardiness or the late defeat
they met with has failed to impress
upon them the oily of their course.
The passage of this law is one of
the best thing? that could have hap
pened for the success of the Democ
racy. But such an infamaus outrage
should not b-1 accepted for party
success. TheVutraged people will
q soon teach tese self-constituted
Credit Mobiliers and Pacific Mail
bubsidy scoundrels that their time
is up, and while they may calculate
on the negro vote of the South, it
will be found that the united North
will utter its condemnation in such a
manner as to bring terror to the per
petrators. It is an old saying, that
"whom the gods would destroy they
first make mad." In the mad conrse
of Radicalism there seems to be no
limit, and had the party the least
idea of decency, they would have'
heeded the voice of the people and
gone back on llio act which had al
ready brougljl a verdict against
them. The bil . is bound to produce
bitterness and ill-feeling, tending
greatly to rekicdle the animosities of
the late war. It is sure to defeat its
ostensible purpose, and to prove det
rimental to the negroes. It fosters
ignorance, for it impairs our common-school
system. It discriminates
against the popr in favor the rich.
It is iu defianeO of all laws, divine
and human. It is a legacy of sin
bequeathed by Bumner f0 jjj "Radi
cal co-laborers in fanaticism; a con
tract with evil. It goes right home
to the people. Jt affects more or less
every one of us. In our schools, our
hotels, our theaters, our conveyances,
our homes it Mjill confront us, dis
tending their loathsome effects into
every part of public and private life.
Tho yeople decided that they did not
want the bill. , They spoks in un
mistakable temp. It is the heighth
of folly and m.-Aness for the Radical
leaders to uselheir brief authority
to force upon yfc country a law that
they have emphatically condemned.
The Civil Rights bill, the Finance
bill, and the Louisiana outrage will
show the Radical party in 1876 that
the people of this country are yet
freemen, and will with one voice,
from Maine to Oregon, hurl Radical
ism from power.
Dissolve. The Home Agricultur
al Manufacturing Company have re
solved to pay the expenses of the
Company and dissolve the organiza
tion. Let our citizens now take the
matter in hand and organize a Com
pany and go to work. The people
here proposed to give this Company
S 10,000 cash as an inducement to
locate here. Now let them add about
twenty thousand more to it and own
the works anu thus build up the
town. The siock can be taken by
our own people, and there is nothing
that could be done to advance the
interest of tti-i town and county
more than the Atablishment of such
an enterprise iij ur city.
Removed.- 1 .5 removal of Benj.
Moran from the position of Secretary
to tho American Legation has caused
some astonishment, but it is clear
enough now, when the fact is known
that he refusedJto accept a gift of
825,000 from a Yateful Englishman,
because he belJed that, "to receive
it would be i -consisted with his
official position .
be readily seen
marics ine x-ronaence Pre, that a
It. T i.
man who would act in this way must
have a screw lodke in his mental ma
chinery and h.I better be recalled
before he get4Jnto mischief. So
Moran comes back.
They Continue to Rob.
It would naturally have been sup
posed that Grant, if he had any re
gard for the people, would long
since have cast off the thieves around
the District of Columbia. But the
exposures of corruption and extrava
gance which have resulted in the
nominal overthrow of "Boss" Shep
herd and the "Washington Board of
Public Works, yet, through the per
sonal agency of President Grant, the
influence of the old Ring in the Dis
trict of Columbia affairs is still po
tent. The instruments of the old
swindling crowd are still kept in re
sponsible places, and the old extrav
agant system of useless so-called
improvements is still kept up. The
Commissioners report an enormous
deficit in the District treasury, and
Congress is asked to make it good
from the public fund, remarks the
Sun. The people throughout the
country who are taxed to pay for rot
ten pavements and defective sewers
in the city of "Washington should
distinctly understand that all the
talk indulged in by Grant's support
ers in Congress about making the
capital worthy of the nation is un
mitigated humbug. The most ex
travagant of the expenditures made
by the old Ring and their successors
have been for laying pavements and
doing other work in an uninhabited
part of the city, for the purpose of
promoting a gigantic real estate spec
nlati on by which intimate friends of
tho President, and, it is believed,
the President himself, expect to
profit. Every dollar taken out of
the national treasury to pay off these
so-called improvements is a barefac
ed robbery of the taxpayers of the
country for the benefit of a Ring
which has been convicted of the most
fraudulent aud unlawful practices.
--
Nothing Strange.
Our Democratic exchanges seem
to take the Oreaonian to task for its
apparent inconsistency for the past
month. They should remember that
the editor of tho paper was absent at
the time the able editorials appeared
in regard to Louisiana and that the
paper was managed by a young man
who was not so thoroughly impreg
nated with Radicalism. If any of
our readers expect anything from
Hill but unadulterated Republican
ism and opposition to Democracy,
they will always be deceived. He
may fall out with the Radicals and
find fault with them, but he can
never be a Democrat and should his
paper occasionaly lean that way, it
is only a spasmodic feeling with him,
which he is ready to take back as
quick as it works off, and he never
gets to bed before it does. Radical
ism and the Radical party of Oregon
may get rid of Scott, Gaston and
others, but they never can prevent
nill from being a Radical. It can't
be done.
Their Doom. An exchange says:
Grant orders his Secretaay of "War
to telegraph to Sheridan: "The
President and all of us thoroughly
apyrove of your course." If the Re
publicans in Congress echo this in
sensate dispatch to the people, the
election of the next President politi
cally is accomplished twenty months
before the polls are opened. The
Democracy will sweep the country,
and the Republican party will be
buried out of sight.
The Radical party has become re
sponsible for the action of Grant and
Sheridan, and, as predicted in the
above, the people will put their con
demnation on the traitors who have
outraged every sense of decency and
law. They can already see the hand
writing on tho Avail.
Disgusted "With Ghant. It is
stated that Hon. H. L Dawes, who
has just been elected U. S. Senator
from Massachusetts, has said in re
gard to the military interference with
the Louisiana Assembly: "He
thought it would have been better
in every way that tho Democrats
should have had the House, whether
right or wrong, than that tho mili
tary should have interferred in any
way in the organization. lie was
unable to sustain, on any theory, the
use of the military that had been
made." The Vice President is cred
ited with a like opinion. "He de
precates the situation in w"hich the
party and the Administration are
placed, and thinks that a grave mis
take has been made."
Senator from Missouri. Gen.
Frank M. Cockrill, who has recently
been elected U. S. Senator from Mis
souri, has a State reputation gained
in honorable public service. Be
yond his own State ho is but little
known. As a brigadier-general in
the Confederate service, he had a
good record, and although his mili
tary record moves the discontent of
the Grant papers, we do not remem
ber that they were at all uneasy in
mind when the man who has
no
policy against the will of the neonle
designated Geu. Longstreet for an
office of trust and emolument.
A dispatch from Washington under
date of the 20th says that "the pre
ponderance of private advices from
It would of course j New Orleans indicate Hint the Con
at "Washington, re- eressional committee will snbsfaT.
J "
WiolW mMnr in tho
report made by
Phelps and his associates of the sub
committee, that the action of the Re
turning Board was a villainous fraud
i without which the Consertatives had
won an undoubted triumph.
The Guilty.
,It is a well known fact that nine
out of every ten negroes which have
been murdered in the South since
the war, have been killed by negroes,
and, generally, in quarrels which
the whites had nothing to do with.
In reply to a charge made by a Rad
ical paper in New Orleans that the
whites have been killing the negroes
in that city by, the wholesale, the
captain of the watch attached to the
charity hospital publishes a letter in
which be says that of all the wound
ed negroes which he admitted to that
institution during the year 1874, not
one had been cut or shot by a white
man. Every colored man so wound
ed had been injured by one of his
own race, and in almost every in
stance the wounded negroes them
selves, when searched, were found
to be armed either with a pistol, a
bowie knife, or a razor. Further,
he says that during the whole time
that he has been connected with the
hospital, every colored man brought
there shot or cut had been hurt by
negroes, with the single exception of
one black man who was shot while
engaged in a burglary by the white
owner of the house ho was breaking
into.
The Reason for It.
The New York Sun says that sim
ply to confirm the grip of the carpet
bag Kellogg and his confederate
thieves on the pockets and property
of the people of Louisiana, and to
make his brother-in-law Casey a
United States Senator, Grant used
the aimy to overthrow a Legislature
chosen by the people, and invited a
renewal of civil war!
It is almost impossible for an
American mind to take in the full
dimensions of this largest political
crimo thus far committed on this
continent. To very man' of us it is
inconceiveable. But the swift servil
ity of Grant's Cabinet in sustaining
the stupendous crime of their chief,
and in approving Sheridan's brutal
ity, and echoing the trooper's request
that the President should outlaw the
Conservatives of Louisiana as ban
ditti, and let him slaughter them at
will this, alas! is conceivable. But,
thank God, it is punishable.
The d rum-head court martial which
Sheridan wanted to set up in the
streets of New Orleans, the people
will politically set up against those
swift approvers of crime included in
Belknap's telegram to Sheridan:
"The President and all of us thor
oughly approve of your course."
Interesting Letter.
Wee
lve up much of our space to
a most interesting
letter ironi the
Dundee
Advertiser, written by Hon.
Wm. Reid, of Portland. This docu
ment is just the thing to send east to
your friends. It contains more in
formation than most people can write
in a dozen letters. It should be
generally circulated. Extra copies
can be had at this office. Price ten
cents, ready for mailing.
Properly Stated. Gov. Taylor,
of Wisconsin, in his message tarthe
Legislature, gave utterance to the
following in relation to the military
interferanco in Louisiana: "I do not
wish to prejudge facts, but if author
ity exists in any branch of the Fed
eral Government for what appears to
be assumed by the recent proceed
ings in the State of Louisiana and
the extraordinary proposals of the
Lieutenant-General of the Army in
his dispatch from New Orleans, I
believe the time has come for all of
us to bury partisan spirit in a com
mon effort for the preservation of
our Constitutional sovereignty and
tho inherited liberties of the Ameri
can people."
Probable. The Meridan Republi
can strongly suspects that the new
investigation by the rest of the Con
gressional committee will not im
press the country at large. If they
corroborate the finding of Phelps
and Foster, to be sure it would pro
duce a very powerful effect; but they
have advertised beforehand that they
are going down to discover a differ
ent class of facts; and if it comes to
an issue of veracity, it is not difficult
to see who will be credited. The
President has made up this last
committee for the purpose of aiding
him out of the dilemma in which he
has brought his party, and we may
expect them to do their duty to their
Ctesar.
Awaiting Execution. A
writer
in the New York Sun saj-s:
The Republican party has
been
tried, condemned, and is
awaiting
execution, and yet the miserable
fools in Washington are not aware
of their true position.
They talk big and "vote supplies."
They have the President.
They have the army.
They have the navy.
They have the United States Court.
They have the House of Repre
sentatives. They have the Senate of the United
States.
What's the matter ? "Who's afraid?
Nobody, only the whole people are
unanimously and indignantly oppos
ed to them.
Cold Comfort. The action of
the Constitutional Convention of
Maine is rather old comfort for our
female suffragists. Recently, by a
vote of G to 2, they rejected a propo
sition to amend the Constitution by
giving women suffrage, under the
same regulations aud restrictions as
men.
COURTESY OF BANCROFT LIBRARY,
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA,
OREGON,
It Resources, Cllm', Prospects.
From the Dundee Advertiser, Dec. 29, 1874.
The climate of Oregor s very m?l
and agreeable, having neither ex
tremes of heat or cold. It is five
months to-day since we arrived here,
during which time we have had en
tirely summer weather, much more
pleasant and en joyable than the sum
mer in Scotland. Rain has fallen on
twentv-five days during these five
mrmtlx nnt -consecutively, nor for
a day, but lasting on an average two
hours at a time. What agreeably
surprises us in summer are the soft
afternoon breezes which blow every
day, and the cool evenings and morn
ings. From 11 a. M. to 3 and some
times to 4 i. m., the boat will go
down from 90 to 82 in the
shade, with clear blue skies. Only
one day did I feel it oppressive be
tween these hours. There has been
no winds as yet, and I am told that
in winter even strong winds are rare.
Hot winds, as in Australia, are un
known, and thunder and lightning
are rare. Only once have we wit
nessed a thunderstorm, whieh lasted
an hour a small affair compared to
those in Scotland. Yet the newspa
pers next day told us the liko of it
had never been witnessed in Oregon
for fifteen years. So far as our five
months experience goes, we say un
hesitatingly that no better summer
climate can be than in Oregon. But
as winter has not made its appear
ance, nor given us j-et any warning
of its approach, although this is the
20th of October, I cannot tell 3011
what it is like. Only a relation of
mine, a Scotchman, who spent last
winter in Oregon, tells mo that there
was no difference between the rainy
seasons here and the winters in Scot
land, except that tho spring came
earlier here, and was much milder,
with no east winds. Frost and snow
came occasionally, but never lasted
longer than a day or two at a time.
So far as health goes, I and my fam
ily have been all very much healthier
than in Scotland.
FARMING IN TIIE WILLAMETTE VALLEY.
Here is the paradise of the agri
culturalist. No c.rieriettcel farmer
oouM desire such a combination of
advantages as he will find in this
valley. Farming is no speculation,
failure of crops is unknown: " as ye
sow, so shall ye reap" here; tho soil
is prolific in tho extreme without
manure; the land is flat and easily
plowed; pastures nearly always
green, hence suited for dairying.
The yield with good cultivation is
lartje thirty to forty bushels to the
acre which, however, through poor
farming is not the average of the
State. Such lands (improved farms)
can be obtained (bought) from 6
to 6 an acre, with houses, barns,
etc., included, all in wood, with fine
scenery around. Grain, especially
wheat, is beautiful, plump and large,
and the yield of vegetables and fruit
is something unparalleled. It is
painful to rule along a country road
and see tho orchards going to waste,
the trees overbearing themselves
witL rrolificness. and nobody to eut
or make use of the fruit. I am satis
fied that Western Oregon owes her
extreme prolificness and certainty of
cro more to the evenness of her
climate summer and winter and to
the annual rains than to the soil it
self. Butter, milk and cheese com
mand equally as high prices as at
home. Wheat sells at 3s to -is per
bushel at Portland, the cost of rais
ing it being (including labor, rent
and interest on money) 2s inclusive
of freight. Sheep farming is profit
able; the average price obtained for
wool this season is Is 3d per pound;
the cost of "growing wool," as it is
technically called, is 0 ,d per pound;
But as very large flocks are un
known, and there are no farms here
with from 5,000 to 8,000 acres on
wheat alone, as in California, a splen
did opening is open for some of our
practical agriculturalists of Scotland,
with steam plows and modern farm
machinery, to make money in the
Willamette valley. The way farm
ing is conducted here, compared to
the "old country," is amusing. The
first thing which strikes an experi
enced farmer from Great Britain is
the poor manner in which the soil is
cultivated. This reminds me of a
Scotch New Zealand farmer from the
colonies, who this summer, on ob
serving the bad cultivation of Ore
gon fields, said to me: " "Weel a
weel, I hae some chance here, whanr
I had nane in Otago. We've had to
fight wi' each other there, as we were
all guid farmers, rubbing against the
other, and seeing by thick competi
tion it tak's us nil our time to get a
leevin' in New Zealand, we've pros
pects o' rubbin' out o' the world the
puir plowiug they hae here, and
makin' " money, when they canna
baud the cannel tae us." This re
mark struck me as very true indeed.
If a Scotch farmer applies himself to
tho soil here as he does to his well
manured Scotch farm ho will make
money faster by farming hero than
in any other part of tho world. All
that is wanted here is industrious,
persevering men from Europe who
will work with a will ; and such men
with a little capital say 300, or
1,000 on their arrival here, will
very readily in four to five years pay
back the price of any farm they may
purchase in Western Oregon. Let
me, however, correct one serious
mistake which all travelers and news
paper correspondents have fallen
into namely, stating that good farm
lands can be had in the Willamette
valley at 10s per acre. This mistake
has risen from seeing only one-sixth
of the agricultural lands of the val
ley in actual cultivation, and observ
ing the virgin prairie in many places
unfilled; but, although many of the
early settlers who got from 1850 to
lSf.0, as a gift from the United States
Government, a mile square of prairie
land are still hero, they do not cnlti
vate one-fourth of their farms nd
some, instead of being disposed to
sell a part of what they do not cul
tivate, rather prefer to purchase (if
thev can get it) their neighbors'
lands whenever such a chance is
open. As a rule Oregon farmers are
well-to-do people, and a few of them
are wealthy; all seem contented aud
happy, except at wheat selling times
when there is tho farmer' old stoi-y
grumbling at not getting better
prices. Of course, inferior at d tim
bered lands (of which latter there is
a large portion in the valley) can be
had at 15s to 25s an acre, but except
these are around villages I would
not recommend Scotch settlers to
purchase them. It will pay a man
far better to purchass portion in
casli and on time a good improved
farm, fenced, and buildings, than to
go back upon the vast tracts of Gov
ernment land in Eastern, Southern
and Southeastern Oregon which can
egot at 5s an acre. These will,
however, in ennrsA of time, be occu
pied, and railways will eventually
pass through them, and as there are
still three-fourths of Eastern Oregon
and Washington belonging to the
Government, which could sustain
20,000,000 of people, now occupied
by 12,000 or 13,000, you can imagine
wuat a' wide field there" is on iuo
North Pacific Coast for over-populated
Europe to possess, having a
climate, soil, scenery and products
superior to any portion of the Amer
ican Continent, where a man can se
lect 160 acres and retain it as a gift
from the United Siates, given him in
return for actual settlement only.
The Willamette valley contains (in
cluding the small towns and Port
land) four-fifths of the population of
Oregon, or 80,000 people. The
farming class proper, with their fam
ilies, number 40,000 persons, who
have produced this year in Western
Oregon 5,000,000 bushels of wheat:
100,000 of Indian corn; 5,000 of rye;
2,100,000 of oats; 350,000 of barley;
5,000 of buckwheat; 40,000 of flax;
500,000 of potatoes; 50,000 of onions;
400,000 of apples; 200,000 of pears;
250,000 of other fruits; 125,000 tons
of hay; 1,000,000 pounds of wool;
30,000 hides; 1,400,000 pounds of
hog product; 340,000 barrels of flour.
Not a bad showing for such a popu
lation, and yet only one-sixth of the
Willamette valley is cultivated.
That valley is considered the agri
cultural portion of the State. South
ern, Southeastern and Eastern Ore
gon are now used as stock aud sheep
ranges, unlimited in extent, which
inaj' now and will be occupied rent
free for many years to come.
VALLEYS IN OBEOON AND WASHINGTON
SUITED FOB. AUHIC'ULTUEE.
One can scarcely imagine the nu
merous little valleys suited for agri
culture scattered all over the North
Pacific Coast which I have not men
tioned (in area four or five times the
valleys of Wrestern Oregon), over
and beyond the sheep-farming lands
proper. 1 subjoin a list of vallevs.
gf some importance:
Miles suited for
agriculture Tresent
Narad of Vallev.
Willamette Vulllcy
North rniiiua
South lliiijxiua
ltoue lliver
Josephine
Khimnt li
John Day
W'ilNiw Crook
Kirch "reek
Umatilla
fine Creek
Walla Wnlla
tiraixl Hondo
Powder Htver
Jordan Kiver
Willow Creek
Ixngth. Er'dth. rnla
17o
40
25
50
-Mi
50
50
M
25
30
10
20
20
10
10
10
45 (iS.IHK)
15 3.000
10 2.000
15 3.0U0
5 50
15 :m
10 Sin)
8 100
H K)
SO 400
15 50
8 l,fXK)
20 750
5 .5
5 35
5 35
5 15
5 fi.000
5 1.0O0
5 200
3 35
25 2,71)0
8 5
8! 5.0IIO
10 1,350
10 5 X)
10 3S0
15 200
liurnt Kiver ,
Wulla Walla (W
8
10
-to
2
T.)...
Toucnet
Tuckannon
Alpona
I'alouse
Tafaha
Columbia Basin (W. T,
Do. (Oresron)....
.. lii
..100
.. 10
)KKJ
2-
Yakima 100
Spokane 1G
Chehalis 50
'Including city
It must be remembered that these
are all prairie valleys, nearly desti
tute of timber, having at all events
on an average not as much tiircbe:
as will be requisite for use. Pnget
Sound is not included in above esti
mate. It is surprising to sec the immense
quantity of beautiful timber the
tall trees, as straight as an arrow,
shooting two to three hundred feet
above, free of limbs for nearly 100
feet. Nothing so pleases the various
sea Captains as the quality of the
cedar and fir. free as they urn from
knots and other imperfections. One
Dundee shipmaster told me the other
day there was nothing like it in Can
ada. T: e timber trade is pretty
large, but is at present confined to
Sydney, Melbourne, :ir.d the Austra
lian Colonies, China, Japan and the
Pacific Islands. There are some fif
teen sailing ships engaged in that
trade, having their present head
quarters in Oregon and Washington.
Of course San Francisco is the near
est, as it is the largest market at
present. From that city it is ship
ped to various cities in the South
Pacific Ocean. There are some
thirty to forty coasting schooners
in the San Francisco lumber trade.
At no distant day this Oregon timber
trade is to advance tosivh an extent,
in my opinion, that it will rival the
present wheat trade of Oregon. For
shipbuilding it is unsurpassed; and
on the Sound and the coast of Ore
gon there are now building some
thirteen to fifteen vessels, two of
which are 1400 to 1500 tons register.
Labor at shipbuilding is high some
where about 15s a day; but, on the
other hand, material is astonishingly
cheap. Spars, knees, rosin, tar,-and
everything necessary, excepting sails,
are on the spot. What this State
needs, and what there are lucrative
openings for, are
M A N I'FACTl'I'.ER.
A few gentlemen at Coos Bay the
other dav amalgamated to build a
1,000 ton'ship. After examining the
estimates they contracted to build at
.12 per ton" complete. A wooden
ship I mean. -Near to. or rather at
Portland, there is a splendid natural
site for a erravincr-dock and ship
building yard at Albina. belonging
to Edwin Pviissell, manager Lank of
British Columbia, Portland, no.r to
which are now building a few river
steamers. There are so many for
eign ships arriviug and departing
that a shipbuilding yard for graving
and repairs would pay well, lhe
manufactories in Oregon at present
are one smelting iron work, eight
miles distant; three iron foundries;
70 to SO flour mills; five woolen mills;
a largo paoer mill, and several tan
neries. Two tilings will eventually
build up Portland are first, its near
ness to a large iron bed, found to be
nearly twenty miles long and seven
miles broad, and having timber un
limited and coal within a few miles
of the Columbia Itiver; and, second,
an immense water-power, upwards of
one million horse-power, at Oregon
City, a small village twelve miles
up the river above Portland. The
success of manufactures is fully as
sured. Determined to have railways
(the want of which is a serious draw
back to this whole North Pacific
Coast) and an Atlantic connection,
the Legislature of Oregon is going
to pass a law allowing all foreign
corporations to build railroads in the
State with the same powers as citi
zens, and also giving exemption for
taxes for twenty years to all railroads
1 la. hnilC -wibuiu mo
valuable,
from the Estate, nuu ' , ,
Atlantic connections. Warned by
previous experience of the way in
which one of their railways was built,
the State of Oregon is taking great
care of its financial reputation, and
will pass severe laws lor me protec
tion of the interests of foreign bond
holders as against the railroad com
panies of the State. Such a change
fa much needed, and your correspon
dent is helping now to get passed
sueh laws, which are necessary for
the protection of foreign capital.
The State has incorporated the Ore
gon Central Pacific Railroad (330
miles long) under such laws, and has
so guarded tho interests of bond
holders, and given them a voice in
the management of the road, and
secured its revenues for the bond
holders protection that it is impos
sible in future for any defalcation to
arise, or controlling or watering of
stook and such other practices as
have been common in the railroads
of the Western States. The Legisla
ture in 1872 passed a law entitling
foreigners to invest in this State in
any undertaking the same as citizens.
SCENERY.
So much has been written already
upon the scenery of this coast that it
is no use for me to describe it. I
will only say that a sail up the Co
lumbia Iliver from Portland to Wal
lula (for Walla Walla) , a distance of
350 miles is something which .cannot
be sufficiently described. 1 feel sat
isfied we have nothing like it in
Great Britain.
KINDNESS OP TIIE PEOPLE.
On arrival here in May we were
gladly welcomed by all classes.
Your correspondent did not think
he was known in anticipation in the
' Far West" until traveling through
the different portions of the country,
44 Duadee" is a household word in
Oregon, I assure you; and if a man
says he comes from that city he is
welcomed. The Oregonians look
upon that city as their friend, and
are proud of what Scotland is doing
for Oregon, and expect that more
Scotchmen will come and rear up
and develop its various undertakings.
Strange to say that" the largo busi
ness houses are all British. All
along the valley 3011 find Scotch
farmers iu large numbers, and scarce
ly a day passes but I meet with many
of my countrymen, some of them
here since 1S47. They all unite in
saying that Oregon is the likest place
to Scotland in scenery, climate, etc.
After my arrival here the various
steam navigation comjanies and the
Oregon and California, aud Northern
Pacific Railway Companies tendered
me free pases to visit any portion
of the country from British Colum
bia to Southern Oregon. When we j
waited on the Governor at the Capi- j
tal wo were there also welcomed, ami
spent a few hours talking over the 1
subject of immigration with Govern
or Grover. Oregouiaus thin iv mucii
of their country, and well they mav,
and all that it needs to make it a
hive of industry for the Anlo-Saxon
race is direct railway connection with
tne Atlantic States, winch, when se
cured, will advance this country
more than the Central Pacific Rail- !
way did California. !
INVESTMENTS. j
Money commands 10 to 12 per i
cent, at the banks and on real estate j
securities So high is the rate of j
interest that in Washington Territo-
ry 15 to 18 per cent, is obtained.
But this high rate i:-. unquestionably
keeping back manufactories. If
money could be had freely at 10 per
cent, the country would progress
much more rapidly than it does now.
Those emigrants who have come and
are coming do not bring with them
much capital. There are hundreds
of opportunities in Oregon for men
with a few thousand pounds. Large
financial undertakings which would
yield 112 to 15 per cent, are suspend
ed for want of capital. Jwlictous in
vestments cannot fail to prove remu
nerative if well managed. The crops
are heavy and always certain so that
a man need not fail to pay interest
on money ho borrows "at moderate
rates unless lie is reckless or a spend
thrift. The longer one lives here
the more lie notices the many ways
to succeed by honest industry and
with capital, but it is dangerous (ex
cept for farming) for a new comer to
invest his means "right away," as
Americans say. lie must be here
a few months und acquire some expe
rience before embarking on his own
responsibility, lor commerce a
wide field is open to take advantage
of the produce of the country, and
export it to various portions of the
world. Prospectively no country
offers such encouragement for com
merce as Oregon does to-dsvy. It
may be ten or twelve years before a
large commerrial trade is built np,
but it is coming for certain some day,
the State having every tiling which
constitutes material success, and all
that is wanting is capital, immigra
tion and railroads. Already Oregon
will have this year 100 ships visiting
its ports to carry away tho wheat
and flour of the State; and last year
there were 170 ship and steamer ar
rivals and departures in the coasting
trade alone from Columbia River to
San Francisco. This has been the
drawback of the whole State, its be
injr subservient and paving tribute
to San Francisco, nearly three
fourths of the State imports and one
third of its exports going into and
departing from Oregou through the
golden gate of San Francisco, and
being there re-shipped direct to for
eign countries.
I am very sorry my time will not
permit me giving you a longer de
scription of this State.
Yours, eve, William Reid.
Portland, 22d October, 1874,
n eads Cut Oef. The New York
Times and Post have heretofore had
a monopoly of the Government print
ing in New York, but these two pa
pers have failed to sustain the Lou
isiana outrage, and official orders
have been issued depriving them of
these pickings. The administration
is in a bad way in New York. Not a
single paper of respectability or
prominence sustains the military
s'.yle of organizing Legislatures, and
hence it becomes a question where
the Government patronage is to be
bestowed. Truly the administration
must be at a low ebb when not a sin
gle journal in a great city like New
York comes to its defense.
Con
A a vvirewtin,..!
Editor Enterprise y- ' -that
a few lines from tLi8p "
county would not be altom, 'U
profitable, and wearisome t '
many readers. Ent before ert
into details it will first be ne
to give a somewhat limited
tion of our part of tie. , p"
Spring Water (better
Horse IIeave) situated Bonl, "
teen miles from its moutb- ?
a high rolling country, lyiDgb
sam river
ana the waters of Clear
18 COQiW oneoftU
growing Bection, j
gram beincr of a r.
Creek. It
best wheat
State the
quality to anything raised on fJ
prairie land. The great necessity J
a neighborhood situated M
that the land he in the
those who are not afraid of.n.i
and will exert their energies iD pro'
moting the general advancement of
the community. That is in Ln;iv-
bridges, making roads, and Uml
our lands in a superior maimer, tU
we may be possessed of a large sur.
plus; demanding such improveinwi,
that we Wy market it with some L
gree 01 satisfaction. Onr
reads ar&
in a
very fair condition, hut not...
fair condition.
good but what they could he ajv,.
tageously improved.
There , was a considerable crop r.'
wheat sowed in this section last fv'
but the cold weather which we hiP
lately experieuee-d has produced 1
very damaging effect having fcur:
a great deal of it out, but as it Iu
moderated now, the prospect w
that it will take root again aud m,
an average crop. Fruit and potato
have generally suffered more tht
any other article there beingagru:
many entirely destroyed by the fro'.
We have at this time a very
ishing school progressing iu onrdif
trict with an average attendance r:
about thirty, pupils. It is cimAiu-tt-:
by Mr. Corothers, apparently a ten
intelligent and worthy gentlm:
There have, within the lust fn
months, been several farms cLuv
hands in this part of the county, a:,
we are pleased to acknowledge il-
I purchasers as energetic and vev)-v
do citizens; also there have he:
quite a number settled on vacant a:
railroad lands, which we det-iu 1
great advantage to the eountrv s
iarire. as onr population has 1.
increased, and the valuation of ol
farms are constantly increasing.
lint, with .ill these bright l-n-
,I.eI;!U'e'rrtliI1 .-lacking in mar
respects. The ri"I,t . i
altogether exi.t, n?n
and (we are compelled to s:ivk.,
memoers. A little ciiom,,.' .
iginaled in onr
- . : 1 1 1 'f
rii-eiim.
iieirii inn ikkxi 1
which yon are doubtless acquaints
as there wre something like a c
mini of card, and other testimonial
appeared, not long singe, in yonr j
per, and from the way the thing:-.-initiated,
we are satisfied that
last impression is worse than t
first, and the sati.-faction of tl,"
concerned (we deem) little inur
ed; and we urge that it In? dim-. :
tinned in the future.
Your correspondent at Sandy,
very proud and boastful of tin- r.r
riage of Representative Mctir.:.:
We do not wish to ni.;r him 0:.:
joy or pride connected with the 1.
py circumstance, but simplv v
! to inform the good people of t .
j region that we too have an l--j
Representative in the person '.
j M. Reed, who resides with ns.s:
j was not long since married toM o
Deuing, of this county. What th
S;indy think of that? And tl.i
not all: we hope within a short t:
to be able to chronicle others. Tit
is another couple who apparel
have the contract made, and as tr
ims favored them in the past, th1!'
tnro will surely make the reward.
Youngsters with ns are coiara
tively scarce at present, especii
girls. We have given too ui any
them away, which our boys are.
termined we shall not do jiereaf '
as they keep a close watch of fLs
on the north, and occasionally v:
a runner to the south, that net1..::
serious to their interests may ocer
There are other questions of intf
est connected with this part, of wU
we will, perhaps, speak hereafter.
Respectfully yours,
"Maximvs-
O
Mississippi. The beauty of I
ical government in Mississippi is
parent by the fact that it cost ?300. V
to administer the government bef-'
the war; now it takes Sl,500,ftV
Before the war $4,5." paid the
penses of the Executive Departni?'-'
$S4,800 goes that way now. X
yet the white "trash" down the"
find fault with nigger rule, and c-
ject to Grant's and Squaw Sherid.i-
bayonets to maintain niggers fn ofii
Ungrateful people.
Died." Chas. Binder, an old c
zen of Astoria, and well kno"'
thronghout the State, died at tb
place last Tuesday. Mr. Binder w-
a member of Reaver Lodire. I. 0.
F., and of Allison Encampment,
1, I. O. O. F. He was a man nn -respected
by all who knew him. 11
leaves a wife and four childred '
mourn the death of an affections
father and husband. Peace
his remains.
he
As It Should Be. We are pl
that our readers are beginnm?
write up the different parts off
county. We are always glad to?
ceive communications which at
tended" to advance the interest;
our county, and hope that carl
rbns will 'take a proper interes
this matter. .-, 0
, Bettek. At last account, r'
C. Kinney, of Salem who has
quite ill, was somewhat better,
his friends have strong hopes 01
recovery. -
O
0