O
o
O
0
O
O
o
o
G
Tfcc
ENTERPRISE.
OREGON CITF, OBECO.X, DEC 11, 1871.
The Cause of Oregon's Poverty.
1" The great draw-back to the prosper-
'i i ity and wealth of Oregon is the need
of home manufacture, or the creation
of such articles as are taking from us
the great wealth which we produce
annually for purchasing agricultural
implements, and other articles which
we should manufacture at home, and
O thus retain our money to be circulat
ed in our own State. There is no
richer State in the Union than Orer
gon, and if it were not for her great
wealth, the State would have long
since been bankrupt. There is a
population in Oregon of about one
hundred thousand people, men, wo
men and children. Of these, there
are forty thousand between the ages
of four t.nd twenty, leaving sixty
thousand adult persons. Of this
number we may safely say that but
one half i-e wealth producing.bring-
i to thirty thousand. This
sand will this year pro-
i to the amount of three
I his is certainly a very
nue for the amount of pop
ing it dO'j
thirty thj
duce wei.
million,
larjre re.
ulation. JJut then we have to ship
out of the country this entire sum,
or nearly so, for articles which the
entire one hundred thousand con
snmCj and hence, when we balance
accounts at the close of the year, it
is found that we have sent away the
3 entire surplus earnings of our pro
ducing population. To prove this
fact we can show the figures for what
we have stated. In October, Weils,
Fargo & Co. shipped from Portland,
in coin, bullion and currency, over
two hundred and fifty thousand dol
lars; in November the same com
pany sent away $lil,4o0 50, coin,
$23,S0G 90, bullion and $1,972 42
currency. Those two months figure
up, per month, to the round sum of
(allowing the currency at market
rates) 3182,888 17. Now let us av
erage this sum for the year, and we
have $21G,4M 00 per month, and fcr
the year, $2,597,229 02. But this
two million and over a half does not
cover all onr shipments. It is safe
to calculato that at least 250,000 is
sent out of our Statcannually through
postal orders. It is also safe to say
that at least 500,000 goes out annu
ally by draft from our bankers and
brokers, auj it is equally safe to say
that 250,000 is taken away by mer
chants who go with it when they
purchase their goods. Do not get
wared at these figures, because of
their enormity, for they represent
simple facts. We thus have the to
tal sum of onp million to add to the
above, and a Jbrand total of 3,597,
229 02. Is Jjiere any wonder that
Oregon docs . t prosjier? This great
I subi goes out annually to enrich oth
er commnnitk. These figures tell
us very plainly why we have not
more money in circulation in our
State. Just f;r one moment figure
up m your .ruinu me enormous
nmoiflit
and
into
Jess man sixty thousand persons
Can any other State in this Union
show an equally favorable produc
tiveness? We say there is not. But
all this appears to avail us nothing
towards developing our own resourc
es or enriching our people. It is
true we get in exchange fov this mon
ey such articles as we wear and con
sume, and the greater part goes for
implements which shonld be made in
our own State and the bulk of the
money kept in circulation among us.
We could manufacture our farming
implements and thus save at least
one million dollars annually in our
State, and wc can raise flax and man
ufacture our own grain sacks, and
other material, which would save
from 300,000 to 100,000 per annum.
This item comes directly from our
farmers. If we would create manu
factures in our own State, at least
two third oi this sum oconld be re
tained here. It would create a con
suming population, and a great deal
of monoy now paid for freight on ar
ticles inqiorted and exported, would
l! a clear profit to the producer.
There is scarcely an article we now
import that we cannot manufacture,
ami in order that the people should
realizo tho results of their industry
nd advantages, they must turn their
attention in thia direction.
of cAin here represented.
which i.yYreated and brought
circulate j J by a population of
Clackanas County
This county is located! on the nav
igable waters of the Willamette river
and bounded on the north by Mult
nomah, wes-l by Washington, south
by Marion and on the east by the
Cascade range of mountains. Ore
gon City, the county seat, presents
better inducements to. the capitalist
who wishes to to make successful in
vestments in any manufacturing en
terprise, or to the industrious me
chanic with limited means, than any
other locality of equal size on the
Pacific coast, and perhaps in the
Union.
It also presents superior induce
ments to the industrious farmer.
Land in this county is worth from
three to five dollars per acre, this is
where there is little improvement,
or no improvement, and open lands.
Wild or vacant lands can be had by
homesteading or pre-emption, and
railroad and school lands can be
had at from 1 25 to 2 50. The taxes
of the county are as low as any other
county in the State, and have aver
aged about 14 mills on the dollar for
the past ten years. The bridges of
the county are all free and have been
built at public expense. Schools are
convenient and churches scattered
throughout the county, while in Or
egon City we have five fine churches
which sustain four resident preach
ers, and a public school graded high
in all the English branches.
The general nature of the soil for
farming purposes is good. Grain,
vegetables and all kinds of fruits
grow in abundance. In fact the
. A. 1 m ,
county is Known xor its superior
fruits. There is no better county in
the State for diarying, and this en
prise could be gone into 1 with but
little expense. It is an excellent
county for timothy grass. Its growth
on our highest hills is luxuriant,
and it serves to kill out the fern
which grows in certain parts of the
county.
AJ1 the varieties of timber common
to Oregon are found in this county.
vJaK anu ash, suitable lor wagon
timber and tho wood work of agri
cultural implements, is abundant
and of better quality than any other
county in the State, and has been
worked out by ja.r tios in the past
with profit to themselves.
The water for family use is unex
celled. Pure living springs and
mountain streams course through
every section. The amount of water
available for power is far in excess
of any other county in the world,
perhaps. j
The falls of the Willamette at this
jdacc, provides man with more than
one million horse power. The fac
tories of Lowell and Lawrence, were
they here, would consume but ajxnr-
tion of the water adapted by nature
to milling and manufacturing pur
poses in this town. Oswego can bo
made to furnish one quarter of that
amount, while Milwankie hassismili-
Ieath of lion. V. V. nristow.
It is withgj-egret that we are called
npou to announce tho death of Hon.
W. W. Bristow, State Senator from
Lnne connty. Ho died at his resi-ot-aee
in Eugene City last Tuesday,
Mr. Uritov was an old pioneer of
Oregon, having arrived here in 1847
with his father, and settled above
Eugr.no City, what is known as Pleas
ant Hill, and has been a resident of
Lane county ever since. He was a
man of superior intellect, honest and
independent in all his actions; a firm
.aid trne friend and a most devoted
:md affectionate husband and father.
lr was a member of our Constitu
tional Convention; was a member of
t .ir first State Seriate; and completed
r,c second term in that body at
ti c close of the last session. He has
also filled other positions of honor
and trust, and in every capacity lie
discharged his dutv honestly and
faithfully. He leaves a wife
cant value in this respect, and the
Clackamas, Molalla, Mill Creek, Tu
alatin and many other streams which
we might mention, furnish valuable
locations for mill sites and water
power.
The temperature of this locality is
even. iiiXcessivo heat and excessive
cold is very rare. The general health
of the county is good. Billio'us affec
tions are little known among our
people.
We can offer good inducements to
mechanics and tradesmen, who can
bring capital with them. We could
do better by them had our citizens
the means to developo our great re
sources. Professional men and teach
ers we have but little need of at pres
ent, as the places are well filled now.
We want money, blood and muscle.
The facilities for marketing and
means of transportation in this coun
ty are equal to any on the Pacific
coast. This is a community of con
sumers, chiefly laborers and operat
ives. The same is true of Oswego
where miners, choppers, teamsters,
coal-burners, furnace-men, etc., from
the bulk of population. We have at
present four steamers plying between
here and Portland daily, and besides
five boats which pass through the
locks and stop at this place, making
uiree trips per week each, the cars
pass through our town three times
daily each way.
We have one woolen manufactory,
which is said to bo the best on the
coast, is about 190 by GO feet, four
stories high, and supplied with tho
latest inproved machinery. The Os
wego iron smelting works are in suc
cessful operation, and are shipping
about seventy tons weekly to San
Francisco. There are several lum
ber mills in the county, and plenty
of material for more. The celebrated
Imperial and Oregon City flouring
mills are located in this city, and
the famous Standard mill at Milwau
kie. The only iron made on the
coast is at Oswego, and is pronounc
ed equal, if not superior to the best
Scotch pig. We have a paper mill
in successful operation below town.
There is no doubt but the county is
full of mineral wealth. We have
coal and lime, and copper abounds
in large quantities. At this place
quite a business is carried on in sal
mon fishing. The county is rich in
everything that nature has been able
to give it, an.l all that is wanted, is
proper development, and for this
purpose we ue
lat'on.
, Time for Action.
The importance of establishing
home manufactories of every kind
cannot be overestimated by the peo
ple of our State. It is a matter that
interests the mechanic, farmer, mer
chant, and business man of all class
! s. That Oregon City is the most
favorable part of our State for the
erection and successful carrying on
of most kind of manufacturing en
terpnses. is a conceded point, and
while many other points 6ffer induce
ments for manufacturing enterprises
this place can' and does offer the
best. That our people feel the im
portance of home manufacturing, is
attested by the fact that only a par
tial canvass of the town showed the
fact that the people were ready to
subscribe handsomely to subsidize
the Home Manufacturing Company
to locate their works here. The
Committee at the meeting held last
Friday reported that six thousand
one hundred and seventy-five dollars
had been snbscricbed as a bonus,
and the meeting being satisfied that
the sum of ten thousand could be
luiseu ior mis purpose, in
structed the President of the meet
mg to make the tender of ten thou
sand. This was done, but action
having already been taken by the
Directors, the proposition has thus
far received no attention. This, it
should be given away, and no con
sideration was to have been received
but the benefits resulting from the
works here. Now if the citizens of
this place ean afford to contribute
ten thousand dollars as a bonus, why
cannot they go to work and add the
balance necessary to erect the works
of their own, ana thus go on in the
work of developing our town and
improving our business prospects.
The Home Manufacturing Company
cannot supply one-half the demand
of tho State, and besides, the pres
ent appearance of the Company,
would indicate that it will soon be
one of the things of the past. Now
is the time for the Oregon City peo
ple, and those of the county to act
and put into jractical use the advan
tages nature has given them.
Wo have heretofore p resented the
advantages this city possesses as a
manufacturing point, but we feel
that we cannot too often repeat .this
subject, so that, if our citizens will
not do anything for themselves, Ave
may draw the attention of others who
are seeking places to invest their
cajutal. But we trust that our peo
ple will go to work in this matter
without delaj'. If they can afford
to donate 10,000 to others to bnlld
a business upon, they certainly
can afford to start on their own hook.
It has been suggested that the cap
ital stock could readily be obtained
in this city for the starting of an ag
ricultural implement manufacturins:
establishment. Who will take the
start in the matter and go to work in
earnest m getting the stock taken?
All we need is to get a commence
ment, and we will soon find our town
filling up with manufacturing enter-
HOME ENTERPRISE.
Lteetr Delivered ty
REV. IR. CEO. II. ATKINSON.
For the benefit of Orjroi City Libraiy,
MONDAY EVENING, DEC. 7TH.
ships per day, and send them to for
eign ports with your home products.
Not long ago your wrapping, and
the paper for your daily and weekly
journals was purchased in New York.
Now one small establishment, near
your city, supplies the demands of
most of your State and the adjoining
territories. nn.l unila n. snrrvllis
Ladies and Gentlemen of the Library J abroad, saving many thousands of
Asooc'uttion: dollars per annum to vour finances.
The theme for this eveniner has I This mill needs only greater power,
- I n-l:l. 41 r 11 a " 1 1 . 1
been somewhat changed. On com
ing Saturday morning, I found you
discussing home manufactures, and
it occurred to me to prepare an ad
dress more in'the line of your pres
ent thinking.
We can glide easily from the idea
of personality to that of self reliance,
and from that to the more concrete
thought of home enterprise.
Personality is the character that
underlies the appearance. It is the
progressive and finished life. Many
unknown to fame, moving in the
quiet home, or the wider circle of
society have made the impression
upon us of a distinct personality.
Webster, Clay, Jackson, Adams,
Washington, Walter Scott, Milton,
which these falls offer, to" double and
quatrouple its business. This also
is a home enterprise.
Three years ago your tubs and
pails and washboards came f rpm for
eign manufactories, at a very large
cost for freight and material. To
day, your one home factory supplies
the demand of a large portion of this
North-west coast with a better article
than the imported, at much lower
rates, saving cash to the buyer and
to the State.
By the skill and energy of a few
saddlers and harness makers, the
home trade in this line has been in
part supplied for twenty years,
great leakage of money has been
stopped, and the coin recirculated
among the people. A few other
men have toiled at the bench, the
lap stone and the last, yet have
hardly kept pace with the demands
of repair. Our boots and shoes have
every such one had distinct per- been imported for a quarter of a
bcutury ul mih tusb ui iuuut nun
prises, ljet there be a start made
and now is the time to make it.
Our Climate.
Oregon, taken as a whole, is cer
tainly the finest State in the Union
The seasons are pleasant and regular
1 V m
ana we never nave a iailuro in our
crops. We have but two seasons
summer ana winter. The nrst is
pleasant and not excessively warm,
while the latter is rainy and open
At this writing wo have had no coh
weather, and during the past week
vegetation has had the appearance of
spring. Major McCown, yesterday,
set out strawberry plants, and trees
look as though they are ready to
shoot forth their summer blossoms
It is now the 11th of December, and
no time have we had as cold weather
as wo witnessed in Wisconsin in the
fall of 1873. the latter part of Sen
, 4
tember. Our rains are objected to
by some because they make the roads
muddy. If we are not mistaken, the
roads in other States aro also bad
and muddy when the snow goes off,
which had kept mother earth cover
ed up for five to six months. Teo
pie in this State can work out of
doors the entire year, notwithstand
ing the rain, as it is generally warm
and pleasant, and not what Eastern
people would call hard. Then the
greatest beauty is the regularity of
our crops. No such things as grass
hoppers walking over the field of our
farmers and in one day destroying
the work of several men for months.
No drouths to make short crops, and
a general harvest of from 23 to 40
bushels of wheat to the acre and 50
to 70 bushels of oats. This country
is hardly appreciated, and we do not
realize what a glorious climate we
have unless wo go to other States
and then compare by actual experi
ment. Oregon has a glorious future
before her. Taking all things into
consideration, and she has more ad
vantages than any other State in the
Union.
eapital and popu-
Ire!ittentS lesae.
We publish to-day, the President's
message which was delivered last
and ' Monday. We have not had time to
three children and a large number of j give the document a careful reading
relatives. The- all nave tue heart- i so as 1
felt sympathy oi ruanv menus in mis
to review its
a l aliliction. Peace be to the hon-
ored remains of W. W. Beistow. . xs3ue.
nt shall do
contents
so it our
this
next
Rather bad Histort. Our friend
Carter is rather out of the way in his
history of the Gazette. The Gazette
never was in any-wise connected with
the Crista. The latter was started
in 1S58 by T. B. Odeneal, and
successfully conducted by him for
just five weeks, wh -n he sold out to
Hon. Jas. II. Slater, who changed
the name to Corvcllis Uuioo, and he
and tho writer of this, in 1BG1, sold
out to P. J. Maloiie. who ran the
paper until the latter part of 1S62,
when it died, and in 1863 Mr, Qde
neal started the Gazette as a.n inde?
pendent local paper, and it has been
everything since that time.
sonulity. V e group them in mind,
and study them as the artist does the
statuary and paintings of a museum.
Self-reliance is the source ot every
distinct personality. In brief it is
the consciousness of power and the
will to use it. Home enterprise, in
its concreto form, is the use of power,
personal or mental. It comprehends
the resources at command and the
opportunity to use them. The spin
ning wheel, hand-loom of olden time,
the bobbin and flax wheel, the brake
and hatchel, the home-made carpet,
the flint and steel, and the later
brimstone match were home enter
prises. The boy wuh his book,
spelling out the words by torchlight;
the family library of half a dozen
books; the log school house and
church of tho pioneer, these are
home enterprises of ten more difficult
than later and costlier comforts and
conveniences, it is easier to move
the wheels of business on than to
start them at first. The millionaire
;ell that the first thousand is the
lardest to bo won.
Homo enterprises appears in the
ittle farm, with its patch of wheat,
corn, rye, barley, oats, buckwlieat
and ilax, its orchard, with a few trees
of every kind, and its garden with
every variety of vegetables that a
family ever uses, besides tobacco
plants and coffee beans to complete
the list, on which the owner divides
his time, furnishing a harvest only
for himself, leaving littlo to sell.
Iome enterprise appears in the saw
mill, that supplants the pit-saw; in
the planer, that displaces the jack-
piane; in me grist mm, mat accom
modates tho farmers of tho neigh
liorbood. It is also tho complete
flour mill that pays gold for wheat,
and requires n hundred thousand
bushels instead of a hundred for its
swiftly whirling burrs. Home en
terprise is the cotton manufactory,
whoso products have crowded out of
market the old Chinese ' Nankeen."
Instead of buying their hand woven
fabrics, England and America bay
their raw materials, and sell them
cheaper and better cloth, thus in
creasing a market and awakening a
vast nation to new ideas of living.
Home enterprise is the use of ma
chinery instead of the slowly acquir
ed fckill and hard toil of the human
hand. It is the factory which takes
your rude bolts of cedar and ash and
in a few moments returns yon the
finely finished tub and pail for a few
dimes, articles better than you can
learn to make. It is the mill that
takes your flax and gives you oil
from the seed, pressed cake for your
cattle, and fibre for the loom. From
it comes the fine linen, for apparel
and house furnishing, thread for the
net maker and shoe maker, bagging
and wrapping for the grain merchant.
Home enterprise burns the coal, digs
and smelts tho ore, ereets the foun
dry, furnishes the mill castings, the
stoves, the new engines, the iron
fronts. It creates the rolling mills
and nail works, and cutlery shops,
and supplies the smith with iron,
and the stores with hardware. It
puts machinery at work to carve and
mold and turn the woods into all
kinds of furniture, suiercediner the
rude bench, and shelf, and deal table
with comfortable and beautiful arti
cles from the same materials. Home
enterprise takes the wool from your
sheep and gives you gold in ex
change, or the well-fitted ready
made clothing you need, at less
cost. It puts tho carpet on
your noor, nangs the curtains to
your windows, frames and covers
your couch witli comfort and ele
gance. It adorns your abode with
native woods, and unfolds the hid
den wealth of your forests. It gives
employment to the idle, encourages
the grain grower and the orchardist.
the lumberman and the iron worker,
and sets in motion all forms of indus
try. Wheat fields become broader
and better tilled and more produc
tive as the means of transportation
increase in numbcrand capacity.
xwenty-nve years ago not one
steamer glided over our river. Soon
two or three found a profitable trade
part of the year. Then a half score
were built. Now two score ply to ami
fro, with increasing business. This
morninpr a gentleman counted nine
in sight, passing the falls, all in the
wheat and flour trade. Two per day
brinsr down from 300 to 400 tons to
pass through your warehouse, cost
ing perhaps G0 for the transfer,
saving 300, over former rates, while
hundreds of tons pass through the
locks per week at reduced prices.
These are home enterprises. Fivo
years ago you had no railroad. This
morning 40 freight cars wereconnted
in one train, equal to 100 tons. Often
at this season two trains per day pass
through your city. This is, in some
respects, a home enterprise, and is
becoming more truley one by paying
and assuring a better interest on the
foreign capital invested. Your
freight load from one to two
dreds of thousands of dollars, mak
incr every step we take over hill or
plain to pay tribute to eastern skill
arrd enterprise. Our hides and pelts
go to California or around Cape
Horn to be tanned and returned to
us, or worked up for us.
A few years ago we bought clotl
and clothing entirely from the East,
or from Europe, and paid gold for
every article of apparel, thinking it
impossible to escape this tax, and
only glad to get reduction by compe
tition in markets. Ave are still m
this bondage to others to a great ex
tent. Now. bv the energy of a few
communities more especially your
own citv woolen mills have been
erected and put in operation with
fair success. But the ireight on
such fabrics is comparatively so
cheap, and the time required to get
the skill and means for the work and
to gain a reputation for good pro
ducts is so long, that it is hard to
compete with other parts of the
country and the world. A gentleman
at the head of the Mission Mills at
San Francisco, said to a man now in
Portland: " I could not run this es
tablishment unless J. had the cheap
est labor. If I cannot get tins labor
I must close up." But these home
enterprises have developed tho wool
interest of our State from a few thou
sand pounds to millions annually,
beside putting choice fabrics into
the markets of the coast and the
country.
You had calls for Oregon flour
twenty-five -ears ago in California
and the Sandwich Islands. Fifteen
years since you supplied the mines
and the settlers east of the moun
tains; but the demand ceased, and
the California mills took your wheat
in pay for their goods, and your flour
went to foreign markets under
their name. Now your Hour mills
load ships for Liverpool and China,
and your brands are sought in New
York and London, Hong Kong and
Glasgow alike. Your city mills have
this season chartered and loaded and
dispatched one ship of a thousand
tons, for England, putting the wheat
and flour on board in one hour from
your warehouses; and now the same
parties seek another charter, thus ex
tending the reputation of this home
enterprise out on the lines of com
merce across two oceans and around
our continent. One miller ventured
a singlo cargo of wheat to
England two years ago, and since
then he has ventured four or five.
The same man put 10,000 barrels of
Hour on board the ship Puritan for
Hong Kong, purchased by a Chinese
firm in Portland. Four years ago
we had one or two small barks in
that trade, chartered indeed by Chi
nese merchants, but carrying our
lumber and flour. This year already
seven have left our port for the same
destination, mostly chartered by the
same Chinese merchants. These are
home enterprises, in part, as the car
goes are from our graneries and
mills. They are only the beginning
of larger fleets, spreading their white
wings from our harbor and bound to
the ports of Eurie and Asia and
Occanica.
Iug larmers are aroused to sow
more, cultivate better and closer.
One man from your own county
came to borrow 150, in order to
clear more land for "wheat. Being
asked if it would pay, he replied that
his brush land was cleared, fenced and
sown for S1G per acre, and that the
first crop would pay costs. A pre
vious loan with wheat at one dollar
per bushel had been paid from the
first year's sale of the harvest.
Another came so sell his farm m
the woods and go to Lane county and
buy prairie. He was asked the dif
ference in freight per bushel between
Eugene City and this city. Twelve
cents, was the reply. That sum on
25 bushels, which you say your land
will produce per acre annually, is 3
lour hazel land, yon say, can be
cleared, ploughed, fenced, seeded
and harvested for 20 per acre, and
the interest on that sum is only 2 40;
so you will gain sixty cents per acre
the nrst year by clearing your land
The second year you gain all above
the cost of sowing and harvesting.
besides this 3 interest per acre. Tho
iarmer replied: 1 have 40 acres now
ready for the plough, and 100 more
as good to clear. I will not sell. He
went home with a purpose to improve
his farm and take advantage of tho
cheaper freights, which his nearness
to market afforded, thus increasing a
much needed home enterprise in this
partly forest covered conntry.
It has not been found safe to trans
port wheat in bulk through the
tropics. The demand for sacks has
reached vast proportions. Our mer
chants bought about two million last
year, costing the farmer here 15 cents
apiece, amounting to 300,000 per
annum, for this article alone, or at
least six largo cargoes of wheat to
pay for them.
Our soil has been tested for
flax, and proved by the products to
be the best in the world for the seed
and lint. We excel Ireland and Wes
tern Europe with the advantage of
new ground. Yet we express the oil
for painting our houses, and send
away the fibre for others to manufac
ture into goods for our market, or we
let it rot in heaps at the oil mill, or
leave, it after threshing. Thia fact
calls for a home enterprise, which
must grow and repay the investment,
while giving work to hundreds on
the farms and in the shops. Individ
uals have attempted to snpply wag
ons, ploughs and other farming im
plements, and have done good work
in their small shops and with their
limited capital, but the increasing
demands have invited overwhelming
importations and compelled these
small home enterprises to stop.
Farm machinery brought from abroad
drains us of about 1,UOO,UOO per
year. A. large per cent oi mis is
freight money. Yet our forests
abound in the best of woods and our
mines abound in iron for all this
work, but we allow the former to de
cay or be burned off, and the latter
to lie in its native beds.
One man has been selling our ash
and oak to California manufacturers
for nine vears past, and is now cul
ling oak forests at 10 per thousand
on the etuinps, to provide lor that
market.
It is an amusing statement, though
a rebuke to us, that when certain
lumber was wanted for the fine N. P.
R. R. coach they sent to San Fran
cisco for Eastern wood, and received
in return Oregon oak, ash and maple
which fully met their demands.
They now build every car and coach
of native woods. The report is rife
that spokes of Oregon oak are sent
to San Francisco and returned mark
ed Eastern timber. So strong has
been the prejudice against the home
products and in favaor of the import
ed. A gentleman who had worked
oak in Ohio, and in every State west,
and who has made wagons here of
our oak timber, declares it superior
to any this side of Ohio. Another
who has made and filled wagons in
Washington county, confirms that
statement with numerous tests of
their strength and wearing power.
Combine skill and capital in this
branch, and yon can defy Eastern
competition by what yon will gain in
freight, while -you will have better
articles, besides giving business to
various classes, who now wait to fur
nish the Inmber and iron, and to
others who ask for employment as
journeymen or apprentices.
We pay thousands of dollars for
axe-handles, yet onr grub oak, so
abundent, excels the hickory in
toughness.
Two firms in Portland, before the
fire of August 2, 1873, imported most
of theirfurniture. Now they make all
kinds out of our native woods, using
machinery and employing about 40
hands, 8 of them apprentices, and
thus save 50,000 per annum to the
State.
Our cotton-wood along the Will
amette and Columbia, was deemed
useless three years ago. This year
six cargos of bolts have been ship
ped to make sugar barrels, and an
order received for 50.000 to be made
by one firm here. The barrel hoop
has also become an article of com
merce.
Two objections are made to any
greater efforts in the way of home
enterprise. One is that the market is
very small. c must have more
eople, says the object or, ere we at
tempt manufactures. But Massachu
setts has 1,457,352. nd supplies goods
for ten times as many eople, whom
they find abroad, and Great Britain
has abont 35,0tH),(XK) and sends her
goods to all the world. We send
food to multitudes outside of our
borders. Why not send clothing
furniture and implements, if we have
the material and power to make
them? Why not take part in ship
ping the needy and sharing the prof
its? A captain on one of the Pacific
Mail steamers to China, said a few
days ago that most of their freight is
flour for the Chinese, and were this
lemand to cease, they could not con
tinue the line. The Canton province
alone has 21,000,000 people, and the
Empire contains four hundred mil
lions, who furnish us a growing mar
ket for bread.
For every keg of nails you pay 0,
1 50 of which is freight. In this
small town from 30 to 40 tons are
sold at a cost of 120 per ton. Count
the annual cost for nails 4,000,
1,000 of it is freight and charges.
Perhaps hundred times that amount
are sold in the State, with a loss to
us of twenty-five per cent, for trans
iortation.
At hand we have a furnace which
sends off 70 tons of the best iron per
. l lAl .
week, ana mis amount can oe quad
rupled, if home "enterprise would
erect a rolling mill and nail factory
to use it.
Our orchards Id years ago paid
several hundreds of thousands of
dollars per annum. Lately they have
been wasting. One company near
you has begun to put canned fruit
into the market with success, won
largely by a woman's taste and skill
in the preparation. Another orch
ardist sends his dried plums to Phil-
adelphia, and gams a reputation for
himself and the State. Others pro
pose by home culture to vie with the
famous German prunes, which draw
5,000,000 from our national finances.
Possibly the new drying process will
put our abundant fruit harvests into
the ready markets of the interior.
and restore prosperity to this bus
iness.
If England sends cargos of wools
and cottons to China, in exchange
for tea and silks, why may not man
ufacturers on our coast do the same?
lheir country is even, more desti
tute of forests than of material for
clothing. Hence the vast quantities
of lumber they now reauire of ns for
their growing navy and merchant
marine, for their buildings, wharves,
bridges, and ultimately for their
railroads. They, with others, call
for many things which we caa sup-
A second obiection is laL-
cheap labor, preventing the invest
ment of capital. We cannot compete
in machinery, in implements, in fur
niture, or in anv great entfirnrier
say the capitalists, and must be sat
isfied to farm and trade and wait.
A drop of water falling a few feet
will turn a spindle. A small stream
will run a lathe or a plain. Five men
guiding the machines in vour tub
and pail factory meet the wants of a
large trade in this line. 25 hands
turn off cargos of flour every week
with good . machinery and power in
the mill. A hundred hands in a fac
tory fill our largest warehouses with
choice fabrics. A few men would
supply the farmers with bagging,
using machinery driven by the pow
er that runs to waste by your city,
and would put thousands of acres
under flax culture, employing hands
that wait listlessly at the corners.
A tew more men caa famish the
i
uuu power c;ia
. . . A ll I
xueijis man an our
began
mand increased.
aud more capital.
east.
frpin.1 '
chairs for our dwelling
of which come from the'
luaiei wis are here. Thi
Le saveu. The
wait to be set at work
A lew men with ;.- i- .
UT uninll ,.i 101 'k
withstand competition. 1 H
A Vermont blacksmith ni
an interior village in in: ?Vedt
to make nlonsrh W
He SOnrvl.4
an.l "?.":P
himself at Moli olJ0sLj
President of the John Deerp . i
factory, which turns ontV."
ploughs
out p..
per voar. T. , ,
feet distant another one tiin,,,UlJri!,'
many, i hree miles off, anotb-r V 48
O t2 Ttl.l.- ...... 1 A. At ' . I ll . ' f
,u""j """'c, uui ineir mart.,
lecome th wlmU a h(tja.vl
Mississippi and the coal field,
them power to draw unlimiti
chinery, summer and winterT
and night, if need be, which ink
ing skill and steadfast purpose JSr
to the most prosieroii3 results
This brief review of eii;
possible home enternrisuta i a"i
ting simnort in iho f t . "t-
r ' ". r l"at
you iacK in cneap labor, you 1
vast anil lifln ikru-ov Af.
" "V." " TZS""' :-ueaP aat
ials, cheap freights and
tended markets. Past
widely e,.
fair extent. It remains to be"jn n
ones that may grow to greatn,"
Nature waits for the hand ofu."
The roar of your falls saks f J.""
measured power, that runs t.. . "
To you, it is common and unuotkw
To the stranger it is a constant v.0I
a prophesy
der and
of
lieu f a..:..
and products, to go out on all
channels of commerce. The miUts
of coal and iron around you are oniT
tested. The forests invite nwchinerv
and new fields await tillage. Jo rV
gion abounds more in life and
than this in which we dwell. Indus,
try is awarded with abundauco, auj
thrift leads to plenty.
lint while we speak of enterprise
in the exercise of skill and en. rv
we do not forget the calls of lnu,.!
ity. It is noble to help another, l,nt
more noble to aid him in helpiuV
himself. It is a good thing to ha.
schools, libraries and chnrdios. v..
should sustain them. Yet we
value to these when we give work t
the laborer, and employment to ti,e
unemployed oi both sexes; when v,-e
open the shop door and admit the
son to learn a trade, juid bect.iiK a
self reliant artisen, and find anit.il.!..
1 dace for the strength and taste ..f
the daughter, it is a problem, vli!tt
is to be done with the youth grmvi"
up around us. Almost forty iu,.
sand, or thirty-six p-r ift." (. onr
population, are within legal s-li.,i
age, soon to be the men and wf.n,,,
of our State. They need wcn-k-sla.j,,
as well as farms and btock j.i!!i li
and mining claims. Hni -i;tt -prises,
in some of the iire-;i..ns ji,
dicated, will solve this in. ai.ii
open ways (if industry :ud j i -lit . :.s
well as of comfort and l:apj.i:,-.
that will be a credit to the ccnuv.
ity and a source of its pioHaiiu.
A Vahialdr Mrli al Tira! i.-r.
llostotti-rs United .: A l:n:.n:- ..r
1J75 for distribution, ;" , llir.ii;!MM,i
the United Stares, and .'ill civili.- d ihih.
tries of tiu.' Western Il- iinsb r- wll
published :li in- fir! ol 4:tnii:ir . in
the Knjjlish, iertnan, Kr -n'-ii. N.to i:iti.
Welsh, Swedish, Holland, ! !) n.ian :n. i
Spanish l;uiuncs, and w. rUii :..
understand tlv? tru- philosophy i l. ;;:!!
should read and io!l'r the vuliiat.il.- .in
gestions it contains. In addition ln n :.-
mirable medical tr-atis-' -a t i - - cau-s.
prevent ion and cur.- of a r iti v;ri -ly .i
diseases, it embraces a lar- ii'ie-nnt. . i
information interest ini; to ! iwnMmtit,
tt-e mechanic, th in in--r, th- turne r, Hi-
planter, riie professional iiian: ami I Ii -
calculat ions nr.; made lor such tin ridiHfi
ami latitudes as ar-- most suitaM- ir a
correct and comprehensive National t'al-
endar.
The nature, ns-s. and cAt raordinarv san
itary effect s oi J tosp -tiers si wiii.-.i-Ii l.itt-r..
rhe staple tonii- ami att rative of innrv
than half the Christian worlt. ar-- hilly
set fort h in its pays, which are also iiit-r-sjiersed
wit ii pictorial illustrations, alll-
able recip-s for til' hous-hlt and ljirm.3
humorous an--cdt-s, ami ot her instructive
and amusing r.i-nhn;r matter, ordinal ami
s-l'-cr-tl. .Vni the Annuals to appear
wit h the ojieiiin ol t he year, this will !
one of the most us Jul "arid may U- lia-I
for t he asking. Th proprietors M ssr.
llostelb r & Smith Pittsburgh, Pa., mi re
ceipt of a two cent stamp, will toraard a
copy by mail to any mtsoii who cannot
prciire one in his neili horhond. 'Hi-'
liittersaru sold in every city, town ami
village, and art? extensively lised through
out the entire civilized world.
leatU Would le I psilI if the
proclamations of the alchoholic nostrum
mongers were true. Hut, alas! their terri
ble exitants send thousands stawrinj; to
theprave. Instead ol adding fuel to thu
fire of disease with such deadly eoiupaiiMdR
try the cooling, renovating, purifying, ami
regulating effect of that inestimable com
bination of herbal juices and extracts. Pi:.
Walkeiis California Vimwak Hit
ters t he nole siieciric for UvsKsia, Phys
ical Debility.. Headache, Millions 0li
Liver Com plaints, Jout, lite, uinatisiu, and
Chronic Constipation.
9IAKHIKI.
III Oregon tJity,on the, 3d inst., l y
M. C. Athey, Mr. Chas. V . Johnson, f
lienton county, jorI Miss Maria A.
Mulvaney, of Clackamas count v.
NEW TO-DAY.
GEO. A. PRiSCEArCO.
ORGANS AND frlELODEONS.
The Oldest, Largest, and Most Perfect Man
ufactory in tli'? L nited Mates.
Ji'ow in use.
Xo other Musical Instruments ever obtain
ed the same IVtpuIarity.
tt& Send for Price Lists. .
ddress BfFKAM), T.
decllwl
1 LL FEU
l. I'AKKKK.
PLEASE SETTLE.
O.VS WHO OWE P.KLL
I. late druggists, win "
their bills at Johnson A McCown s
and Collection office, who would be glad to
receipt for the money. Lx.nl delay, id
fare worse. lldecw
Final SfUltuicni:
In the matter of the estate of Isaac Crr
deceased : &
In the County Court of Clackamas County,
Ore iron.
iTIOE IH IIEHERY (ilKS J ha '
S. I Campbell, administrator o! lie
Mtnlanl Ici'icl'mms deceased, h!"
his final accounts for settlement, and tiu
Court has set
Monday, the Ilk dm" of J. unary, A
11., 175,
at the Court House, in Oregon City, as the
time and place for examining said "rnu
accounts and hearing of objections thereto.
S". W. KAN I 'Aid..,
AtteRt: . muni y Judge.
Jas. M. Frarer,
County t h rk. ,
Dec. 11, 474-1.
o
COURTESY CF BANCROFT LIBRARY,
UNIVERSITY CF CALIFORNIA,
r
O
4
0
Ot