Wluit'a all Hint flies alxiitt In l«>r
'ugni? H miiio old story: Graft.
I
Parsala ale mid t««ich lltelr boys when
<• any "no" amt Ibelr girls wlaui to
say “/«»"
Nouifa Dakota reports an enormous
'Top Of spelt. May as wall familiarise
ymirwlf with that word
II baa roms
k> stay
~T-
A Clavetead <«intiau|x>rary apeak» of
th« “moral of tlie llraillvy nass.“ TI»
l«aat said of inorala In Oonnectkia with
that «was the lutter
Gold has l>«*«n discovered In tlreen
land
We have alwaya thought Green
land must have gold. It Is such a die
agreeable, out of the way pla«-e
•
Aunt tiarrie N all on ann<mncee that
ala* will klaa Ho mail who uses tobacco.
Men who neltber ehew
nor aneika
atkould govern tlM*marlviw a<vx>ntliigly.
A young man of tbe name of IJver
neirv la reported to have made >3.300,
000 on stocks and roitun during th«
past tew uvHit lia But lie la still Spwc
«Bating.
will
l-«v)relrlan
WeaUm'a record
a««i»l for a long time, for ths reason
that th« men wlm alt sriminl tbe roun
try stores and «ay they can beat It will
urvsr even try
A French setrexxi declare« It to Im
1-tilHMMll.le for a woman with n-flned
(Sates to dress on leas than $3tl.lMW a
year
It may be, however, that she
has tbs wrong ileflnltloii of "refluaxl "
!>r. Wiley, the guvernnient’a chemi
"«• ei|M»rtt ddM’larm that the atraw
tirrry jam of ouiunerc« la tunde of glu
ocae, bayser«! amt <x»al tar Tbe hay-
seed, of ooutW. girisi It ths genuine
strawberry jam grit.
A New Joraay man ItoanlM till
anniey In hla attic,
■qulrrrlt
f«mud It. after which they pn mvm I to
• rry It away and |»ul II In tteelr nr »La
But wn cannot praise (be »»julrrola
1’liejr also Isiantal It.
Gen Itixitli of Ills Salvation Army
a«yn lie ex|w«-ta a iicw*pi«¡«-r man to be
the flrat to gr*-et him when tie arrive«
In hueveo. Ami tbe newa|m|i-r iiMtl‘1
flret word». If he lis» lx«*n au Inter
vxvwiw, will doubtli«*» lx*
"Geueral.
•wvw do you like iieavrn?"
The head ami founder of one of the
aldiwt Pittsburg famlUaw lias forgiven
hla erring son for marrying the French
maid The Ixiy turns out to be an <x
silent football trainer
Was the f:i«h-
er lisiklng for aasuramvi that bls dnugh
ter In law would lie handled In proper
Pittsburg style?
Jeer poverty, a grain »ack on the fl<mv
for a I«-1, without u atltcb of clotbhig
firovldivl for tlielr entr»«ire Into the
world, to auy nothing of the x I m - ihv of
fissi «nd tmvllcal rare." Tbl« I» liurUly
more Mildinliig limn her flirt lier state
ment : “But w« are hnprovlng on the
other aide
Our tllhvl women of
wealfe, nuatoers of them, are Joining
the «i-tlve ealopalgti " Poverty we have
In thia iviuiitry to lx* sure, and «wen
|iau|»vrlMii to some extent, but neltber
tsiverty nor pauperism la, or I» likely
soon to be, an institution In tlie United
States. The reference of Mias Goallng
to (lie titled women of wealth stai tiM
gissi reoulta »n»vt««l from the activa
Internat which Miry ye taking, or going
to taka, In the Inhabitants of the Ixxi-
don alums, emphasises (tie dlff«retire
between tsiverty In England and pov
erty In this rountry. To render It 1rs»
apparent, Iras horrible, I» the end of
every riviraror In tbe Kant Side of Ism
don. Tlie abj«r4 squalor, (lie bopelsaw
misery of that district of tbe British
metrot«illa, I» so utterly different from
anything that our civilisation ha*
thrown off a* a bhssl humor that
Americana who have not |s-raonally In
veellgaUvt It can neither realise nor
uniterstand It. I'overt y there la hop»-
leas of rising out of Itself, baa little
opisirfunlty of rising out of Itself, la
loiklng for nothin* and ex|M«-tlng noth
ing fnxu year s end to year's end save
that auuie new philanthropy, Mane new
charity aomethlng new In tbe nature
of ai-ttlemeiit work with lucrsaaad fa
cilities for the dletrlIsitlon of alm* -
may be brought forward to relieve the
situation The poverty that exists Io
the East Hide of I «union la a mental aa
well aa a physical condition. It could
not exist In tbls rountry. where the
minds of men and women, no matter
what their rondltlon, are free to seek
am! rompefeut to grasp ofqsirtunlty.
Nel Hier la tsiverty here, aa over there,
a romtltlou Into which tsvqde are born
ami mit of which ¡wviple very eelilom
rise Poverty here la not Inherited, and
liauiierlMii le not bred liy pariah eoup
lamer«. ,«*inty poor bourns, or the oc
casional phllauthnqiy of flue ladles.
The very |>atrouage which tlie |»or of
Ismdon lisik for and are-ept aa a privi-
lege (>r a right, or aa a means of dellv-
erano from starvation, marks the
|«ilnt where A uht I csii |«iverty divergi««
from the tsiverty of Great Britain.
“GOOD BY. BOB; TAKE KE'EB YOUFSELF*
WORLD WATCHES THE
BIG PACIFIC FLEET.
Naval
Ortateat
righting
Strength
Linder f lag for (he Long
* ■«>■» Heme swd
Cruise.
l-*w
FLOWER OF AMERICAN NAVY
Movement
Is Significant,
Marking
Transfer of Theater of Action
from the Atlantic.
Not since ftis war with Rpsln has
there liaen aurh « ten»« feeling In naval
clrctea aa that which nmrked Uia pre
parations for the departure of tbe
great fl«x*t, u nd re Admiral Evans, for
tlw I'aclflc. All ths v«warla which were
to tie a part of thia gre.itn«t naval dem
onetratlon In our history as«*inbk*d at
Hamilton Roads.
Ths President's yacht, tbe Mayflower,
swung Into historic Hampton Roads
tx arlng l*re«ldent Roosevelt and the
high officials of ths Navy Department.
Promptly sixteen huge hattlewhlpa of
Hie Unit««! Rtatea navy dr e se n d ship
and began firing tlie President's salute
of tw«nt, one guns each. Tbs May
flower came to anchor In the roadway.
Gigs and cutters put out from each
bnttlrehlp bearing tlie flag offi<-er» to
the Mayflower, where they were receiv
ed on deck by President Roosevelt and
hie official party. On their return to
their Bhtix ths Mayflower hoisted an
chor and pne-eeded down the roada to
ward the entrance.
Here the little
yacht stood out of the rosdway while
ths BS|ne sixteen battleahipe pamo-d by
her, decks and flghtlng top» d reweed
and roaring from their guns another
President'» 4ilute
Banda aboard ship played the na-
tlonal air* Th!» wi> tbe farewell to
tbe conunander In-chlef of tbe army
and navy to the Anx-rlcan battleship
■luadron* which (lien
began
their
cruise to (he PaelAc ocean.
The torpexto flotllU had already
atarted aa Ita progress le so much
—Chicago Inter Ocean
naval powers of the world, but It raises
Ita representation In tbe 1‘ariflc ocean
to tbe highest place, where tbe United
Rtatee Is now a prmr »«mod. Wbetix r
“for fun or for frolic.” aa Rear Ad
miral Robley Evans has erpremed It.
tbe battleships upon arrival In the Pa
clflc will do ths Untimi States full
honor.
The date of arrival it Ilio Janeiro
Io Jan. 11, 1008, end the day of de-
parture ten days later. Here tbe crews
will is* slolwed shore leave. leaving
Rio Janeiro on Jan. 21. the fleet will
prwved slowly to Punta Arenas or
Sand Point, where It Is due to arrivi
on Jan. 31.
I’unta Arenas Is the lait atop before
rottndlng tbe Horn, and flve days will
tie passed here In rooting from collier»
hired by tbe government. The distance
of tills leg Is 2.231) knots. On Feb. 5
B«rr«w
fee CaeesSfr.
trained
wi evolution! In recent
years.
In all probability a part of the fleet
at least will vlalt Puget Sound before
returning to tbe Atlantic coast again
No plana have been made for the re
turn of the fleet beyond tbe expressed
determination of tbe President that V
shall return at some future data.
Bell Alrsbl* t»«a«h*4.
The successful launching nt Dr. Alex
ander Graham Bell's recently completed
alnih.p took place a few days ago al
Baddeck. Nova to-otia. The ship is built
up of 3.050 unit tetahedrona. which an
so disposed as to make tbe ship itself on*
great tetahedron. which haa for its bsat
tbs top of the machine. 13 meters Ic
length. The several units are covered oe
two of their aides with silk. The tota
• arfare thus exponed is over 2.<XM) «quart
feet. Tb« motor used is of the Curili
THE GREAT AMERICAN PACIFIC SQUADRON
Japan'» Ktupiwor haa thirty
ihmera. each a uxxlel of ivmiforL
Gloves were first m «* u In England
during th«* reign uf Ed ward 11.
foundation for the floor, which should
tie of ’hre«*-quarter Inch board*. Tbe
legs are mortised Into tbe shaft or han
dle pieces, the front ones resting about
three Inches from the (round and the
rear ones securely braced, a» »bown In
tbe cut
If desired tbe aide« may be built
from the floor solid and straight up.
but we And It better to have a per
manent tw-«l from Aoor to top of han
dies, with removable side boards to slip
on for use In handling bulky stuff.
Heavy material, such as bags of fer
tiliser, large stones, etc., are easily han
dled with thia type of barrow, as they
may be loaded between tbe handles di
rectly from the ground.
rrott Tree« «»a Grass,
N|ianl»h olives yield from 20 to 24
|x*r rent of their weight In oil.
A Pari« lusiiraix-e <«xt>p*ay refu»«»
rieks on (urn wiio dya their hair.
France la re«|«inalble for tlw gams of
billiard* Devlgue Invented It In 1372.
No win« uuiy hereafter la* Mild In
Spain on Numlaya, and 11» Inna must
lie cluaed <>n wrek days at midnight
The lm|«>rt* to this rtmqtry of trop
I’I m I wa« ini millenni tsvurretxre
|*r.alucta
will
wlwm tbe desten,lauta of tl«»*** wlm ical aisl subtropical
fnrgtit st t.'indy's Lane met r«x-«ntly amount thia year to at least >6U0,<MM),-
on thè flcld of listile and dedicatisi a OiW.
Tourl»t« complain that Japan la rot
monument lo tIs-lr am-estera botti Hrit
tali and Ans-rlcau
Tliat Imiti Gen. ting to lx* tlx* moat ex|x*n«lre of nil
Ilrown'a «timi ami Slr G«*orge Druni- reutitri«*! to travel In. Everybody ron-
nmnd'a |eft so niany ih-e-en lauta la alders foreigners legltlnuile prey.
pienaint pnxif tliat thè lattila wn. no
Tlie MlNtlonnrle«' Literature Amvia-
Mlkeniiy està affair.
llou of England, now In Ita fourtee.ith
year, ha* sent ovex 4MMXM) periodicals
While the yiwt of the world tins lx*en tn tlx* foreign field In that time.
et|icrlmeiitliig with dirigible balloons
The Bible haa lx«*n trnnalnted Into
*iul|q««I for war purposes thia country 4«x» liinguagc* Two nx*n «tx-nt twenty
line lions tut little III that illre<-t1on. ycura learning tlie Tnhltlan langunae.
The »ôter that our military autborl- and twenty more translating tlie lllt.lo
The vessels prominent in the
ties Inaugurate ei|M>rlnieiita and pro Into It.
and a Torpedo Boat Destroyer.
vide mane form of dirigible military
Alfred G. Vanderbilt ha» given hla
balloon tlw* better, otherwise ivc will
cheek for >10,000 lo St. Mary'» IToti st- slower than that of tbe battl«>«tilps that
drop lsqa-lavutly behind other isuintrlea
two weeks more will be ronramed than
■ nt Eplsiipal church. In Portraxiu’h,
by tlie latter In the Journey toward
In thia newest phase of war prepare
It. I., near hla Oakdale farm
Half la
tbelr destination—Ran Francisco.
•ion.
for the cmlowment fuml nnd the other
All the navy yard« of the Atlantic
tuiif In to Ito imx «1 for any intrpoae tlie I
const have ta-en Ini ay for weeka In fit
Ambassadors of tbe I'nltod State« to
offiifinla d««vm noeixxiary.
ting out the ablpe. At Brooklyn, New
Grast Britain are by tacit arrangement
Captain Watt, of the Laaltanla. la York. Boston. Norfolk. Philadelphia
professional optltulata They are ex
not
noted
for
nffnbleneaa.
He
nuilntaltui
nnd Charleston pnliuera. carpenters
poetivi to put the country'» tmai foot
forward whenever they have « cliam-v. that the captain's place la on the nnd machinist» have pnrtlclpatrel In
Illgh up on the
Whitelaw Held, the optimistic MMWatMir bridge, not In the anlnon. and he tie- . the great activity.
of famous optimista, I» doing hla ahnre. 11« ven that be b«*»t m*rves hla pnn»*n* amokestneks tlx- paint brush«*» were
«In « re-ent oix-aalon lie took our nn gers' Interest by Insuring their safety moving hack and forth nnd tbe sound
tlon«l irfliulatlon for n »ubjiv-t of an rnther than by looking after their en . of hammers and saws has tx-en cense-
| le«* Nor has there been any chance
ad«ln-w> after he had prorwl ronchi tertainment.
When In tlx* l«»tt«*ry for «ent* In the ' for Idling by the enlist««! men. Tin*
•Ively that the financial panic was not
m > much of « panic «fier nil
«nd pic H«xine of Representatives at the open powder magnr.lnes h«ve had to lie fllh*d
tured ■ time when the rountry would ing aaaBlon, J. Adam Beds of Minns- and the quantities which have h«*«*n
I h * «tuffivi full of iwviple ns the Thank» m tn. known aa the wit of tlx* Ibrase, taken aboard have caused some specta
giving bln! was full of drawing
lie drew No. 23, there waa n storm of ap tor* to wonder what It 1» all about.
f-ire the ixul of tho next presidential plause that Indicate«! that tlie memtieea Th«* large supply of ammunition Is n«*c
temi, Mr. Reid pnvllet«, we shall have aa well n« tlx* gallerl«*» liked ths Joke. e««nry tv*cnn-«e of the projtv-t to have
target practice on the long Journey.
forty «lx States nnd Itai.tkai.ixni people.
The Gallfly.
Then also there will he mnny salute«
The forty «lx State« are with tia now,
lly the laws of England and of to Are and these will eat up thousands
and ths Wtt.tkiG.tlUti people are certain
France legal documenta are required of dollars' worth of powder
Further
ly coming
But It I» tihe getting of
to I m * written In Ink mail« from galls, more. In case an emergency ahonld
tlirai tiy IIH3 that la the teat and trnvif
mich Ink having proved to be prac- I «rise while the fleet 1« In distant wat
•if optimism Since IST«) our |»qiulatlon
tli-nlly Indelible.
The mixture la of er« there will lie no lack of ammunl
tins lsv*n Im-reaslng at the rate of 12.
hrulaed gnll« with «ulphnte of Iron an<1 lion
No «nob emergeticy Is exp«*cted.
initi.OOO to 14.«»■ •.<>• »» |»*ra<ina per div*-
gum arnble. Till« legnl Ink. at once tint tlie fl«*et "will keep Its powder dry"
a<le Tin* Incn-ase waa about 12.001),<XM)
the txvt nnd old<-«t In existence, entire while trusting In divine Providence.
Is-lween 1870 am! I*w>. and the name
ly de|w*nda on a disease to which the
Greatest FlBhtlwa strewwtb.
Iwtwren 1K*I and isiai. Itetw<v-n ism)
oak tree la aubjm-t and which la caused
The fleet which Admiral Evans take«
and 11)00 It wan alami 14,000,000, and
by a fly known as the gallfly.
The to the l’nctflc Include» all the new
the government ntliiMitea for the In
gallfly lielonge to tbe aame order as battle«tilp» and the liest armored cruis
«regar between inno and liiOT would
the I hm -« and w»a|*, and when It la er». It 1» the flower of th«* American
work out at the rate of Just alatut that
ready to lay Ita egg It cuts away the navy, fnr superior to that which de
for
the
decade
we
are
big an increaae
outer bark of an oak tree twig and de stroyed the Spanish fl««*t nine year*
now In. We Ind a |«ipulntl<in of 76,-
poslta Ita egga In the bole From aotne agix The Iaiulslann c»rrl«*s th«* lnrg«*«t
300,000 In 11)00; we have an eatimated
unknown cense the tree Immediately crew l)M) otti<s-ra and men. Tbe Con
|Hi|nilxtloii of WI.OOO.tMIO tilla year, and
Iw-glna to enlarge aliout the egg. and a neetlcut. which is the flagship. Is the
we may exixvt about 80,000,0)10 by
gall, or oak apple, aa It la naualy called. flnest ship of tlie navy. coating >4.1)00.-
1010. Hut to pull that tlgun- up to
Is formed. It la thia gall which ron ««>0
Among the other Iiattlrohliw aro
100,000,000 by March 4. 1013, will keefli
tains the tannic acid from which ttl<> the Alabama, Georgia, Kansas. VI r
the optimista busy. E^jeclally will
Ink le made.
glnls, Minnesota. Ohio. Rhode Island.
they In ve to do hnrd flgurlng nt n mo
Kentucky nnd Vermont. In nil there
ment when rerent linmlgrnnta nre a<pir
Shrink««« of Swiss Glacier..
are 32 battleship« and armored cruisers,
rylt« to twwnne emigrants.
I'ertiapa
Remarkable shrinkages have been
tiealdos tlie flotilla of tor|M*do boat d<*-
Mr. Reid la flgurlng that the present going on among the Bwlaa glaciers, co-
stroyere, repair and supply ships. The
lTealdent'a exhortations on the general ixwlally In the last two or three year». progress of the fleet will be watched
subject of rare «niel«)« will bear their The great Rhone glacier, one of ths
with Interest by the whole world, and
fruit during th« term of hla mccsaaor sights of SwKxerlaud - at least It used will be accompanied by the prayer that
and send Aha population skyward by to be has lost In the last two years no oreaalon may arlae tor a display of
l «tu« an<l bounds.
no lea» than RR.2B0 square feet, ami that awful power of destruction which
others have been shortened by any Iles within Its guns.
Mlaa Annie Hosting, superintendent where from twenty feet to forty feet
Tbe elgnlflcance of the transfer of
at the District Nurses’ Association of Among »IVy three Instances, Afty-thrse the battleship« «tamtis the event as an
IJverpool, England, who is visiting thia recessions were discovered, one glacier •poch tn the history of the United
country ami »hslytng American meth remained stationary and nine had States. It transfeds tbe theater of ac
The conspicuous tion of tho navy from the Atlantic to
ods of caring for the poor, »peeks thus slightly Increased.
narsrdlng poverty In America and Eng gsln was made by the Eiger glacier, the PactAc Groan for the Aret time sines
land : “There la nothing tn this coun which lengthened Itself 114 feet last ths Ualtsd Stats* became * nation. It
try to compare with Ixvndon'» Whits year, but observers say that these In reduces the naval representation of the
«hapel. It Is awful. I have seen hun creases are not permanent.—West!*!» country tn tho Atlantis from second
pines to tho lowest place aoxH< tbe
dreds «C children born In fee most ab- star OaaettQ
Uewa
The drawing shows a low down tier
row In sufflrlent detail to enable any
one to make a similar one. We think
that next to tbe low down cart it Is
the handiest thing around tbe buildings
and garden that we have, aeye a writer
In Farm and Fireside. Its capacity Is
more than double that of the ordinary
kind, end tbe loed la moch'more easily
put aboard. It baa the advantage of
getting Into close quarters where the
cart would not go, and for use about
tbe feeding alleys, tbe stable, tbe lawn
and tbe garden there Is hardly anything
that will take Its place.
For tbe framework get two pieces of
hardwood two by two Inches will
project to form bandies on one end
and for tbe wheel frame oo tbe other.
At front end of box la rear of wheel
s piece of the same dimensions la mor
Used Into the frame to bold it rigidly
and to make tbe front end of box
frame. Pieces 1'^X1 Sk Inches are also
mortlaeu Into tbe bottom of tbe legs,
both front and back. These form the
picture are the Battleships Washington, Tennessee and Rhode Island,
the fleet will round the Horn, regarded
by all naval otti i era as the moat dan-
gerou« point In the trip. and Feb. ^8,
It In due at Callao. Teru. 2.830 knots
from I’unta A retas. Another atop of
ten days will be made at this point for
coal and shore leave.
The last leg of the trip which Is Axed
im to date» calls for the departure from
Callao on Feb. is for Magdalena bay,
Mexico, where the United State« ha»
maltitalt»*d a target practice station for
several years. Magdalena bay 1» on
the ¡xmlnsula of Lower t'allfornia. 3.012
knots from Callao nnd 1.000 knots from
San Friitn lseo. Here the fl«x*t will re
main at least n month enrogrtl In target
practice. Upon the completion of this
work It will »all for San Francisco,
where It la expected to arrive about
the middle of April or the 1st of May.
On the Journey around the Horn the
battleshl|>a will pass the second torpedo
txiat flotilla, which sailed for tbe Pa
type, four cylinders. 20 horse-power. It
weigh» 120 pounds, wbk-h brings tbe tota.
weight of the ship up to* 2U0 pounds
Owing to a snowstorm in progress at th«
time of launching, no attempt was mad«
to fly.the machine. While Dr. Bell hai
great faith in the suecewa of his Invention
he does not assume to have entirely solver
the problem of aerial flight.
Chrtatlfenlty and National Life
In a contribution to the Contemporary
Review of London. Sir W. M. R aodmj
make« the contention that a nation can no
live without worn«* real and profound hole
on tbe supernatural, illustrating bin ar
gument by reference to the "auline the
ology and the Roman Empire. He reaaon-
that, while the Christianity of Paul wa*
cruehed for the time being by the de
creea of the Roman emperors, thia policj
of repression and massacre proved th*
destruction of the empire, while the re
ligious pr.nciplea which had been so bit
terly antagoniied became important fao
tors in the political life aa soon as free
dom of thought and action began tf
spread over Europe.
Are loll««
Machine« l.egatV
The Supreme Judicial Court of Ma»«*
chusetts has recently decided that thv use
of voting machines is not pertnisslblv un
der ihe constitution of the commonwealth
This decision has aroused no little com
ment. and has led to the assertion tbai
if the machines are unconstitutional in
Massachusetts they must be also in Ne v
York, «nd perhap« other State«. It 1«
pointed out. on the other hand, however,
that this doe* not neressarily follow, »•
tbe fundamental law of Massachusetts II
peculiar in its refereuee to the method ■I
which the vote» shall be cast.
Jewi to Protect Their Rlgltti.
Representative Hebrew« from all parti
of the country met st New York to or
ganisi a committee or central bureau tc
which applications tor relief or interven
tion may be sent by any members of tbelt
race whose civil or religious rights may
cl Ac on lx*c. 2. and at San Francloco. have been interfered with in any country
If not at Magdalena bay. It will be throughout the world. I*elegates to tht
Joln«*d by the armored cruiser squad bureau will bl tn proportion to tbe popo
rons under Rear Admiral Stockton and latlon.
Sebree, consisting of the cruiser« Penn
White Slaves la Paaaaaa.
sylvania, West Virginia, Maryland and
Roes Johnson, a missionary, who ha«
t Yilorado ami the California. South spent several years at Colon, «fated tc
Dakota, Tenneseee and Washington, the National INirity Oongress, In ssaalc»
the later two ships now neartng their at Battle Creek. Mich., that girls are h*
destination after a trip around the Ing aystaxnatlrally stolen from American
Horn. In addition the battleship N'e- homes and sent to Panama as recrn.t«
break a. which has Just bean commis tor the whhs aiavs marks! there main
sioned. will Join the A«*et aa well aa the mined with official collusioii.
protected cruiser» Charleston, Chicago.
Milwaukee, St Louis and the gunboat
Yorktown.
Battle drill will occupy tbe time of
the fleet for arena daya no «’renpleta
float of tbe American navy having has*
Extended experiment» recently con-
5acted In England have shown clearly
that fruit tr«x*s suffer very materially,
and 4re often killed outright, when
grasa la allowed to grow under the tree
•nd close up to the trunk. Various
probable reason» for tbl» eff«x?t. »uch
u the removal of plant food and of
water by tbe grass, also the supposed
Iberatlon of carbonic acid, which might
prove Injurious to tbe roots of tbe
tnrea, were respectively demonstrated
to be outside the primary cause of In-
Jury, and. Anally, after seven years'
work. It was concluded that the lnjurt-
pus effect could only be due to some
poisonous substance formed In the soil
by the roots of the grass.
On the other hand. It Is a well-known
fact that In many Instances conslder-
•ble difficulty is expressed In obtaining
• growth of grass under trees. There
Is distinct evidence that plants produce
toxic conditions In tbe substance In
which they grow; as a rule the ex
cretions given off by the root» of a cer
tain plant are more toxic to the same
pr a nearly related plant than to plants
loot no clooely related. The effect of
tre«*-Beedllngs on the growth of wheat
waa tested, and after eliminating, aa
• cause of Injury, such factors as re
moval of plant of food or water by the
tree roots. It seemed that the root» of
the latter had some direct effect on the
growth of the wheat, which suffered In
«11 the experiment* The seedlings were
placed In plant pot* hence the root» of
the tree and those of the wheat plants
were In close contact.
Tree» of various kinds were need In
the experiments, and the retarding In-
fluence, although noted In every tn-
stance, differed In decree; cherry waa
least active In checking growth, pine
most so. The conclusion arrived at
was that the effect of trees on wheat
appears to be due to tbe excretion of
substance by the trees toxic to wheat
The Pew«*h Cr<*» of ISOS.
The fruit crop the past year was
tight, but It brought a very go««! price,
and the pro»ix*cta now are that Okla
homa may have an excellent crop In
190«, say» a bulletin Iwmed by the
State. The drought during the rammer
prevented excessive growth, and the
early fall rains caused the tree« to set
a good chk > of fruit buds. The orchards
that were well cultivated have now
passed Into winter quarters In gooil
rondltlon. There 1« a great variation
In the number of fruit buds «et on tbe
different varieties of peaches, and In
different orchards, but the plums seem
to be uniformly full of fruit buds.
Trwi that have not been pruned well
each season have a relatively poor set
ting of fruit buds. Plum and cherry
trees do not require a* much pruning
aa do the peach trees. Peach tre«*s may
be pruned any time from the fl rat of
December to the middle of March The
branches alwrald be cut back to about
one-half of the length of last season'«
growth. This form of trimming will
thin the fruit and keep th« tree from
growing tall. This 1« a distinct advan
tage tn gathering the fruit and In
«praying the trees.
Fsxre 1,000 Mlles U>(.
In West Australia, after flve years'
work, the great transcontinental rab
bit-proof fence has been completed. Its
length Is 2A36 miles and the cost of
Its erection haa been nearly >1,215.000.
It Is furnished at Intervals of flve
mile* with systems of traps. In which
hundreda of rabbits are captured and
destroyed dally.
On the eastern aids of the fence the
animals are teeming and vegetation la
almost completely absent Inalde the
barrier there appears as yet no trace
of their presence.
Aa soon as poralble after the mast I*
cold all through, tbe hams and ehoul*
dera should be cured They should be
place«l on a table la the cellar, skin
able down. Then for every 1<X> poumie
of meat make a mixture of four pounds
of tbe beet fine salt, two ounces of pow-
rtered saltpeter, and fonr ounces of
brown sugar. This mixture should be
well rubbed Into tbe haute all over, and
aome pushed Into hock end around the
bone. Keep on rubbing unttl tbe meet
will take no more; then let them re
main on the table for a week, when the
remainder of tbe mixture can be rubb«*d
Im Allow them to lie for about two
weeks altogetb«*r. and then hang up by
a string placed through tbe hock, la a
cool, dark smokehouse.
For two or three days keep up a gorxt
smoke from hickory chips, smothered
with rawduat, during the day. Keep In
a rool place, «nd b««fore spring exam
ine to »ee that no Insects have deposit««!
«irzs.
Dust a little cayenne p*-T«p«-r,
then rover with rosrue muslin to At the
bam exactly and stitch tightly. Give
a coat of whitewash or chrome yellow,
and bang in a rool, dark, dry place.
For curing tn pickle, to one gallon of
water take one and a half pounds of
salt, half a pound of sugar, half an
onnee each of saltpeter and potash. In
this ratio the pickle can be Increase«!
to enough to cover any amount of pork.
Boll together until all dirt rliws to the
top and la skimmed off.
Wbea cold
pour It over the bams or pork, which
may be plrfcled In thia way. Tbe meat
must be well covered by It. and ibnul«!
not be put down for at least two days
after killing, during which time it
feould be slightly sprinkled with salt
peter. which removes all the surfaiw
blood, leaving the meat freah and clean.
A good way to keep hams Is to pack
In dry salt In a dry place, not having
any part exposed or touching each
other.
Bar far Dryla* Clothe«.
If your wife wants a clothes bar «*
she can dry her clothes In the bouse,
then borrow a %-fnch auger, a piano
nnd a «aw If you have none. Get aorn«
light pine lumber 2 Inches wide and 1
inch tbXok. cut 8 bars; 4 bars 3 feet 11
Inches long, these are for tbe lower
ones. The 4 bars for tbe top are 1
foot 11 inches long. You can make It
as wide as you wish and 8 roils are
needed to go cromwlse for bolding th«
bare together nnd to bang the riott»*-«
on. Dress the rods to about 1 Inclx
sqnare and make them smooth so a* to
not tear the clothe*. Foe bare tbe «lx«
as given above the rods need to be of
the following lengths: Fonr rods 4 fret
long: 2 rod* 4 feet 2 Inches long; 3
r«da 3 feet 10 Inches long. 1 rod 4 feet
3 Incbee long, this Is tbe center rod
and must project 3 inches at one end;
cut another rod 4 feet 4 Inches long,
use It for the top and have it to pro
ject 2 inches so as to receive the plrew
shown In tbe engraving to regulate rhe
height You can shut or open It to any
width you want It—Exchange.
Wlater
Shelter for Stock.
With tbe approach of tbe cold
months, aa tbe farmer Is making prei*-
arations for hla comfort, he should not
forget to similarly provide for the auk-
male on the farm.
Especially young stock demand gn<«L
warm shelter, and this should be pro
vided for them before the real cold
weather sets In. Warmth to a young
animal Is equal to a moderate amount
of food.
Animals exposed to the fronts and
storms of winter are almost rare to
catch cold, If not contract some other
disease that will either enfeeble them
or prove fatal.
*
Farmer» that do not take this matter
Into consideration often have animals
take sick and mope. and. perhaps, die,
without tbe fact for a moment being
taken Into account that their sickness is
due to the cruel exposure to which they
have been subjected.
Truly it has been said that the merci
ful man Is merciful to hla beast, and
the man who Is not Is not only unfit to
have tbe care of animals, but deserviat
to lose them.
Study
of
Msahraoa«».
A singular and very Interesting and
useful Institution has been established
in tbe little city of Tarare, near Lyons.
France.
It Is a mycologtcal bureau
where expert Judgment Is furnished
concerning mushnxtms. many of which
are poisonous Since the establishment
of the bureau nobody buys mushroom*
which do not carry Its ticket of identl-
fleatIon and guarantee, and all tbe
country people from miles around bring
their mushrooms for examination. One
surprising result has been the discovery
of scores of edible mushrooms, wbick
before nobody dared to touch.
Quarters for Fowls.
When comfortable quarters are pro
vlded for fowls, says Prof Watson,
the nutritive ration of the food should
be about one-flfth; that Is, one |mrt
protein or muscle-producing compounds
to four parts of carbohydrates or heat
and fat producing compounds.
Roof
9hfn*leo.
Shingles are usually 1« Inches long,
and a bundle of them Is 20 Inches will*
and contains 24 courses In the thlck-
ncsa at each end. A bundle of shingle
will lay one course SO feet long. When
shingles «re exposed 4 Inches to ths
weather 1.000 will cover 107 square
feet; B inches, 182 square feet; 6 Inch*
ea. 160 square feet
The German Emperor, who recently
has added a Spanish uniform to hi*
stuck of clothes, has the biggest wartU.
I
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