ORES
THAT DO
NOT HEAL
Whenever a sore or ulcer does not heal, no matter on what part of the
body it may be, it is because of a poisoned condition of the blood. This
poison may be the remains of some constitutional trouble ; the effect of a
long spell of sickness, which has left this vital stream polluted and weak,
or because the natural refuse matter of the body, which should pass off
through the channels of nature, has been left in the system and absorbed
into the circulation. It does not matter how the poison became intrenched
in the blood, the fact that the sore is there and does not heal is evidence of
a deep, underlying cause. There is nothing that causes more discomfort,
worry and anxiety than a festering, discharging old sore that resists treat
ment. The very sight of it is abhorrent and suggests pollution and disease ;
besides the time and attention required to keep it clean and free from other
infection. As it lingers, slowly eating deeper into the surrounding flesh, the
sufferer grows morbidly anxious, fearing it may be cancerous. Some
01 mose amiciea wn.n an om sore or
ulcer know how useless it is to ex
pect a cure from salves, powders, lo
tions and other external treatment.
Through the use of these they have
Been the place begin to heal and scab
over, and were congratulating them
selves that they would soon be rid of
the detestable thing, when a fresh
supply of poison from the blood
would cause the inflammation and old discharge to return and the sore would
be as bad or worse than before. Sores that do not heal are not due to out
side causes ; if they were, external treatment would cure them. They are
kept open because the blood is steeped in poison, which finds an outlet
through these places. While young people, and even children, sometimes
suffer with non-healing sores, those most usually afflicted are persons past
middle life. Often, with them, a wart or mole on the face inflames and be
gins to ulcerate froni a little rough handling ; or a deep, offensive ulcer de
velops from a slight cut or bruise. Their vital energies and powers of re
sistance have grown less, and circulation weaker, and perhaps some taint in
the blood, which was held In check by their stronger constitutions of early
life, shows itself. It is well to be sus
picious of any sore that does not heal
readily, because the same germ that
produces Cancer is back of every 6ld
sore and only needs to be left in the
circulation to produce this fatal disease.
There is only one way to cure these old
sores and ulcers, and that is to eret everv
particle of the poison out of the blood. For this purpose nothing equals
S. S. S. It goes down to the very bottom of the trouble, cleanses the blood
and makes a permanent cure. S. S. S. enriches and freshens the circulation
so that it carries new, strong blood to the diseased parts and allows the place
to heal naturally. When this is done the discharge ceases, the sore scabs
over and fills in with healthy flesh, and the skin regains its natural color.
Book on Sores and ulcers and any medical advice desired will be furnished
without charge. THE SWIFT SPECIFIC CO., ATLANTA. GAm
RAM'S HORN BLASTS.
Wickd to
I have had a crippled foot all ray lite,
which compelled me to use a brace. By
some unaccountable means this brace
caused a bad Uloer on my leg-, about six
years ago. I had rood medical atten
tion, but the ulcer got worse. I was in
duced to try S. S. 8., and am triad to say
it cured me entirely, and I am convinced
that it saved my leg for me. I have,
therefore, great faith in S. S. S. and
g-ladly recommend it to all needing: a
reliable blood medicine.
Bristol, Va.-Tenn. "W. J. CATE.
m
PURELY VEGETABLE.
I have soon something of legal prac
tice on both sides of the Atlantic, and
my opinion is that our profession
would gain imincnely by combining
the two brunches pretty much as they
are combined In the United States nud
Canada, says a writer in the Ixtndon
JJatunlay Ueview, It is obvious that
the solicitors would profit by such an
agreement. They would have the right
of audience in ah courts and the op
portunity to qualify themselves for
promotion to the bench,
In America the young lawyer goes
Into on ollice, where he makes his
merit known by steady attention to
business. There will always be two
kinds of lawyers those who stay in
their otlices, dealing directly with cli
ents and attending to matters of rou
tine, and those who advise on points
of law and argue cases in court.
These two orders of men ure clearly
tlistiguis.h h1 In America, but they
work together as partners to the great
advantage of the client.
A NOVEL ADVERTISEMENT.
It Appeared in a Itecent Inane of a
London fvpnper.
A HOPELESSLY rXCOMPKTENT FOOL,
with nn qualitlcatlnns, social or Intellec
tual, totally devoid of know ledge on any
conceivable Hiiliject, thoroughly Indolent
and untruRtwoi'tny, Is desirous of obtain
ing a remunerative ot in any capacity.
Address 1. F. 3, Macllse roud, West Ken
sington. The sublime candor of the above
advertisement which appeared in a
recent issue of the London Tims. has
Warning; Notes Calling the
Bepentance.
EW serve Satan
better than sleep
ing saints.
No life is godly
until it has the
habit of giving.
Half the foes
wiuiout are born
of fears within.
Christian liber
ty is the core of
civic responsibility.
Better a blushing cheek than a black
heart
Glory may be but another name for
greed.
Opportunity is the measure of obli
gation.
Gratitude has turned many a Marah
Into an Elini.
A man always finds what he looks
for In a boy.
He who feeds the devil's friends can
not be his foe.
The self-sufficient preacher cannot
satisfy the soul.
Salvation is a lot more than a sal
vage department.
Men who are willing to go alone can
always go with God.
The envy of the evil Is the good
man's best endorsement.
The happiness that flows from the
bottle files out with the cork.
It takes more than whitewash to
set a man squarely with God.
We shall never have an Ideal city
until we get Ideal citizens.
The father's faith will appear in the
children of a faithful father.
If Satan were cured of lying he
would have to resign his job.
You cannot sanctify the devil's busi
ness by running it under a steeple.
There are too many divisions of the
Christian army where all those who
are not commanding officers are retired
colonels on half-pay.
BUYING LARGER FARMS.
Rural
VITALITY OF YELLOW RACE.
Somewhat Similar.
"Women and men are very much
alike in one respect," said the home
grown philosopher.
."What's the answer?" queried the
Inexperienced youth.
"Men," explained the philosophy dis
penser, "lie about the fish they didn't
catch and women lie about the men
they could have married had they
wanted to."
Never Smiled Attain.
"How do you manage to write all
those funny things?" asked the inquis
itive female of the jokesinith.
"With a typewriter, madam," an
swered the so inuch-per-3-ard grin pro
ducer. "Indeed!" exclaimed the 1. f. "Don't
you know, I imagined you used some
sort of copying apparatus."
Infrequent Orrailoni.
"You must try to love your papa as
much as he loves you," said the vis
itor. "Oh, I love him more," replied Tom
my. "Indeed? Ioesn't your papa love
you very much?"
"Not much. He says he only loves
me when I'm good." Philadelphia
Tress.
Mystery of the I tilt Dos:.
It's awfully hard to understand how
pug dogs can like the sort of people tliat
like theiu. Cleveland Leader.
' a great deal of attention among busi
i ixss men, gays the London Express,
j Many declared that "I. F." was 1
1 practical Joker; others that .1e had a
definite object in view when he made
himself out to be a fool.
That this latter solution was the cor
rect one an Express representative
learned yesterday from "I. F." him
self. His object, he said, was to at-
' tract the attention of employers by
going out of the beaten track,
j "1. F.," who Is about 27 year old.
j is rather more ak-rt and intelligent
I than the average man with an ordi
nary public school education, and his
' face is a particularly honest om-.
I "I thought if I said exactly the op
posite to what most people in search
j of a billet insert in the newspapers,"
j he said, "I might stand a good chance
or Hearing from employers tired or
superlative virtues, and I Live not
been disappointed.
"I have Hi is morning received two
genuine oilers ana appointments !r
interviews from the heads o"! good
firms and a large numlier of letters
and post cards from practical jokeis.
It was inevitable, of course, that three
or four of the writers should have
advised me to apply at once to the
war otlice, 'where I would be sure of
a billet.'
"I have boon schoolmastering seven
years, and although I have a small
Oillct now, I wish to better myself."
HelplHelpi
I'm Falling
All the Comfort of Home.
"Nat" Goodwin, the comedian, once
possessed a fine country house on the
hanks of the Thames Kiver, near New
London, Connecticut. Every summer
lie used to invite some of his Thespian
friends to join his house party.
On one such occasion Goodwin de
livered himself of a bon mot that is
worth repeating.
"Nat," said some one, "you certainly
have a fine place here. Just think of
it, a lawn right on the river!"
"Yes," drawled "Nat." "it's fine. In
the spring we have the lawn on the
river, and In the fall we have the river
on the lawn."
Thus cried the hair. And a
kind neighbor came to the res
cue with a bottle of Ayer's
Hair Vigor. The hair was
saved! In gratitude, it grew
long and heavy, and with all
the deep, rich color of early
life. Sold in all parts of the
world for sixty years.
A twin t on jt an I lott fiesrly si of my
hair fnllnwtna an attack nf tnraafrt. I wu
adrliied by a fitvnd to uae Ayer'a lialr Vtg-nr.
I did to. and aa a rmnlt I now haT a beautiful
tiaad of hair " Ma. W. J. iHOWa, Meoow
onea Falla. WU.
A
Had by J. O. Ayr Co.. Lowall.
Alao
ao majiufaoturara of
9 S A RS APARUXA.
PILLS.
CHbSRY PECTCSaL
vers
Enarllah-Speaklns; People.
English Is now spoken by altotit 12.".
(OO.CK) people. A century ago it was
spoken by -'O.OOO.OOO people only. Dur
ing that period no other leading Euro
pean language has made the slightest
advance. German has held its own,
and is now spoken by SO.OOO.0li, but
; this is no higher percentage of the
) total number of people of Europeau
j descent than it had a hundred years
! ago.
More Vlgoruna than (Hiicaxliiiin, It
Flonrlahea In All lliunleM. q
Before the foundations of Home were
laid there was a homogeneous people
.dwelling In China with a form of gov
ernment and no mean degree of civili
zation. Rome flourished for eleven
centuries and became the empire of
, V-l? western worlij, then deojM-ed mid
passed away and her civilization !e-
'came the heritage of others. But China
' remains as a united empire to this day.
In this marvelous continuity in t lie
past lies the promise of the future.
I It took the nations of Europe '2,n )
'years to advance from barbarism to
their present position. It took the
Japanese, a branch of the yellow race.
;a generation to adopt and apply ail
the best results of this long struggle.
, We are told that when the present em
, peror of Japan was a boy the sort of
training that was supposed to fit him
for the part he was to be allowed to
lake in the government of his country j
was making artificial flowers. He is ,
i-nly now just over middle age. yet lie 1
rules as a constitutional monarch over j
an empire with which the most ad- j
vanced and most powerful empire of :
the west was glad to form an alliance !
ns witn an equni. 111s navy lias tinven
the Russian flag from the China seas.
On land the tactics and strategy, the
endurance, self-sacrifice and bravery,
tile care for the wounded in the field
and the splendid hospital arranger
ments of the Japanese army are the
admiration of the civilized world.
In the world's history there is noth
ing like the advance of Japan in the
I last generation. We see some of the
results of the adoption or the civiliza
tion of the west by Si),(mk).(hmi of the
yellow race. Will any one who really
knows hint venture to say that the
Chinaman is less well equipped men
tally and physically than the J.uri
nese? What. then, will lie the result
when the .MHUMMX-O of China follow
the example of their kindred of Japan?
On the northern borders of China
the white and yellow races have been
face to face for some time, and the ad
vantage appeared to be with the white.
But the tide soon turned and to-day !
the aggressive armies of the white
Czar, under his ablest generals, have
had to retire, hopelessly beaten, before
the yellow race. Ixindon Spectator.
Population Decreasing As
Wealth Increases.
It seems a paradox, but is neverthe
less well established as true, that in
certain of the best farming regions of
the United States great and abounding
agricultural prosperity has resulted lu
decreased rural population. A no less
striking than surprising illustration of
this is given in a recent State census
report 01 Iowa, which is reported to
show a falling off of 2 per cent in tlr?
population of that great and glorious
State since the general census of 1'JOO.
Of course, such a result was not ao
cepiaute 10 lowa s pride, ana it was
not readily accepted. Close inquiry,
however, is reported not only to con
firm the general correctness of the
new count, but to show a sufficient
reason for its disappointing result.
The explanation offered is that it 13
all due to the land hunger of the pros
perous Iowa farmer. Having money
ahead and well knowing that good
farm land in the Mississippi valley is
one of the safest and most profitable
of investments, he has been buying In
the adjoining farms of his less fore
handed neighbors to such an extent,
the reports say, that vacant farm
houses dot every township in the State.
Many of these vacant farmhouses may
again be occupied by the sons and sons-in-law
of the purchaser; some of them
will be abandoned, and the newly ac
quired lands consolidated into larger
farms. And if Iowa follows the course
of development that has been going on
for many years in the magnificent
farming regions of Central Illinois, the
consolidated farms will be leased in
tracts of 80 or 320 acres, or more, to
thrifty and prosperous tenant farmers.
The process as it has gone in Illinois
for a number of years is that the
wealthier land owner buys out the 40
ind 80-acre farms of his neighbors,
tile drains and otherwise improves
them, often renting the same land or
larger tracts to the vendors, who gen-
orallv made more money as tenants
than they had done as owners. The
tenant farmers of Central Illinois put
their capital into the best of farm im
plements and machinery and live stock.
Their prosperity is seen in their com
fortable and well furnished houses, the
well kept vehicles and horses which
their families drive to chuijch and to
country gatherings. In Central Illi
nois lust now the tendency is to larger
farms, the tenant generally desiring to
increase his area and the landlord regu
lating the quantity of land he will
lease by the proved capacity and suc
cess of each tenant. For its best farm
lands Iowa appears to be approaching
the same system. Springfield Repub
lican. C ASTOR I A
lor Infants and Children.
The Kind You Have Always Bought
KG
Prove It
By the Oven Fire
Put the wonderful KC Bak
ing Powder to the test. Get a
can on approval. Your money
will be returned if you don't
agree that all we claim is true.
You'll be delighted with the de
licious, wholesoma things that
tf BAKING
li s POWDER
will bring to life in your oven.
K C Baking Powder is two-
la . a- U . . 1 1
WKoZ?""" cfl thirds cneaper ana mais.es puic,
other powacrs anywncrc ncu
KC Quality. 25 ounces for
25 cents. t,et it to-day i
JAQUES MFG. CO.
Chicago
wnd a Doatal for
"Boole of Presents."
Not Built For Two.
When Michael Burke Joined his
brother James in this country, the
money he brought over, added to
lame's savings, enabled them to go
nto the ice business. In course of
:ime their custom increased, and It
became necessary for them to have an
)fhee. In this James soon installed a
lice roll-top desk.
"The one desk will do for the two
)f us," he explained, tne day it was
jet us. "And here are two keys; one
for you, Micky, and one for me."
Michael accepted the key, but seemed
to be studying the desk.
"That's all right," he said. "But
tvhere is my keyhole?"
Chinese Ruler.
The Empress Dowager of China was
sold into slavery at the age of eleven,
to save her family from starvation
Afterwards she was preeented to the
late emperor, and, upon his wife's
death, became Empress. Her leet
were never bound, and she was taught
to read after persistent pleading. The
sterling qualities of this wonderful
woman, like those of Pillsbury's Vitos,
have over6ome every obstacle. And
she holds herself at the head of China,
as does Vitos at the head of breakfast
foods.
China and Japan are pre-eminently th
seaweed-eating nations of the world.
Among no other people are seaweeds so
extensively eaten and relished a food
substances.
FITS
Permanently Cured. No fltsor nervousness
after first da v's use of Dr.Kline'aUreat Nervs
Restorer, ftend for Vren 2 trial bottle and treattss.
Iit.H. 11. Kline, Ltd., 31 Arch St.. Philadelphia, Pa.
a Mlaapprohenalon.
snme young man here to
tin?"
Correct tntf
Wasn't that
see you last ni
"Yes, papa."
"Well, what does he n'oan by coming
every night in the week?"
"He doesn't come every night in the
week. I never met him until last Thurs
day, and he was only here Thursday and
Friday and Saturday evenings." Cleve
land I'lain Dealer.
Bears the
Signature
CorrroU at Minapprrhrnaloa,
"Wasn't that same young man here
to see you last night?"
"Yes. papa."
"Well, what does he mean by com
ing every night in the week?"
"He d(Hsn't come every 'night in the
week. I never met him until last
Thursday, and he was only here
Thursday and Friday and Saturday
evenings." Cleveland Plain lealer.
i2n
Kl irU"l,lll3Uallliia
CUM WHlfti All tlal
Beat CXmvb efrup. Tuln (Jood. L'as
In time. Sold It riniffirt-ta
a TaWF
lawMaCaMaiUULkai
Valurnr Wordi.
A distinguished author says: "I re
solved, when I was a child, never to
use a word which I could not pro
noun-, before my mother without of
fending her." He kept his resolution
and his example is worthy of iiuita
tion. Boys readily learn rt class of
' low, vulgar words and expressions
' which are never heard in respectable
! circK's. The utmost care on the part
j of parents will scarcely prevent it
j Of course, we cannot think of girl
; ns being so much exposed to this j.er l.
We cannot Imagine a decent gir! us
ing words she would not give utter
ance to In fore her father or mother.
Such vulgarity is thought ly some
1kjs to be "clever." the "next thing to
swearing." and yet "not so wicked."
But It Is a habit which leads to pro
fanity and fills the mind with evil
thoughts. It vulgarizes ami degrades
the nonl, and prepnrvs the way for
many of the gross nnd fearful mi:s
which now corrupt society.
When two women are not on speak
ing terms with each other they make
tip for it by saying things nliout each
other to their friends.
A divorce
sive than a
suit is usunlly
wodding suit.
more expcii
Trick of the Trade.
"Madam," began the peddler as he
opened his red satchel, "can I sell you
something this morning?"
"No," snapped the elderly matron,
raising her broom ominously, "and
you better move on."
"Just as you say, madam. I was
going to offer you the greatest wrinkle
remover on earth, but I see you don't
need it."
"Ah, I"
"And also this wonderful remedy
for restoring gray hair to its natural
color, but you have no use for that,
either."
"Why, how kind of you to think so!
I"
"And this little volume entitled 'How
to Remain Beautiful Forever.' But it
would be superfluous to offer it to you.
(iood-day, madam."
"Come back here! Come back here
this instant. I do not need them, as
you say, but I will buy them and giv-?
them to some friend. I always en
courage truthfulness."
A ReKular ("uatonier.
Cncle Krastus, the village plasterer
and whitewashes who had married
and buried four wives, was about to
acquire a fifth. He went to the house
of the Presbyterian minister, a vener
able man who had officiated at several
of bis previous weddings, to make ar
rangements to be married there the
following evening.
"Of course I shall be glad to marry
you to your new wife. I'ncle 'Kastus,"i
said the minister. "This will be the
third or fourth time for me, won't it?
How does it happen, uncle, that you
never have a colored preacher tie the
knot for "you?"
"Well, sah," he answered. "I's kind
o' got in de habit o' gittin' a white
man to do my marryin'. an' I recou
I'll alius do it. I's tumble sot in my
ways, Mistah Pa'ker."
Art Sotf.
Mrs. Syllie My husband takes a
deep interest in art.
Mrs. Older You surprise me.
Mrs. Syllie Well, it was a surprise
to me. Hut I heard him telling Jack
Bownder last night that it was a good
thing to study your hand before you
draw. Cleveland Leader.
KnonleilKP,
Johnny Smokin' cigarettes is dead
sure ter hurt yer.
Jimmy Go on! Where did ye git
dat idee?
Johnny From pop.
Jimmy Aw! He wuz jist stringin'
yer.
Johnny No, he wuzn't stringin me;
he wuz strappin me. Dat's how I
know it hurts. Philadelphia Press.
MALLEABLE IROM STUMP PULLERS
Fastest, lighlpqt Hni MrnniirP-t Ntnm;i Puller
on the market, ny JJor-ie p AVer on .Iih sweep
with two burse. Vr;. lor drscnii. v i-a'.alog
and prices, - - , r - :
RHIEfKSON M ACH1NSKY CO.
Foot of Morrison Street PorlUnJ, Oregon
Park and Washington, Tortland, Oregon
The School of Quality"
A. P. Armstrong, LX. E., Principal
Thousands of graduates in positions;
hundreds placed each year; more callt
for help than we can meet it ftaysXo at
tend our school; largest, most modern,
best ecpiipped. Departments : Business,
Shorthand, Typewriting, Penmanship,
English. Open all the year. Catalogue,
penwo:k free. Call, telephone or write.
Piso s Cure fs a retneav for coughs, colds
pfcnd consumption. Try it. Price '25 cents,
t druggists.
5eoInalon ,clenry.
Mrs. Psiuith But how did you man
age to keep that secret a whole week,
dear?
Mrs. KJones It wasn't hard. I sim
ply stayed away from the Browning
Club and when callers came I sent
word that I wasn't at home. Cleve
land Leader.
aV. .. M iaf ava. "1 U r
M. P. I t H H 1 J t S t- 3
MM
5 w i
Mothers will find Mr. Window's Soothing
Syrup the best remedy to u?e for their children
during the tetthing jeriod.
'Ware of the Don.
Bob Miss Subbubs has asked nie
call to-niirlit.
Dick Yes?
Boh Yes. What shall I wear?
Iick (who lias been there) 'Ware
the dog! Philadelphia Ledger.
Beware of Ointments lor Catarrh that
Contain Mercury
asmercu-y will surely destroy the sense of
smell and completely derange the whole pys- !
tern wnen entering il ttiroiigh the mucuus
surfaces. Such artnlesst ould never be used
except on prescriptions fron reputable pt.v-;
skiaus, as the damage they willuois ten f. Id
ti) tne good you ran jrossitiiy derivefrom them. .
Hall's t rttai'rh l ure, nianu1aetured ly K J. j
l heney A to., Toledo, O., cm tains nomer ury, j
and t taken interna'ly.ai ting directly uimti j
the blood and mueoiis mrfuees of the system.
In buying; liall a t atarrh l ure be sure you get j
the genuine. It is taken internally, and made ;
in 1. ledo, Ohio, by i . J. C heney A Co. lesll'
menials free.
Sild by Uruggists, price 7-x per bottle.
Hall's Family i'ills are the best.
MS IN
rsia
1 iSb f
S3? BY ALL 111 6.
BEST DEALERS
J ITtc
i
of I
ai ,ga'.
A.tl TOWIR CO.. ESTABLISHED I336
BOSTON NEW YORK. CrilCACO
U,t CANADIAN CO..Lniitd TCROrTTO.C,M
Dr. C. Gee Wo
WONDERFUL HOME
TREATMENT
Trnata va., I. intra.
"What," queried the fair maM. "is
the difference between a trust and a
ring?"
Tin afraid I cannot explain the dif
ference in so many words," replied the
young man in the case, "but if youM ;
put your trust in me I'll blow myself j
for the ring to-morrow." j
And she put her trust in him.
This worn, rfnl Cbl-pf-e
l c;or is oalli d
gr at IwcHUHe lie enrt-s
lillf w.tiiout opera
tion ili.ii nro ciw i m
ihuve M)i,dtTtiil I'm- iffX Sireii-i
nt herbs roots. l.-i.N. f?VC? A
httrks und vtetatm Q4t fe5-?M
ttiHt art entin lv nn- (JfTvJ- "u ' $ Jl'
em- i't ih t miry. Thio i;n lit ..t-.- uu 9
h:irtiilfS r--mli' S tlil lann u do it know
thtMiOii'iii i'oer&oo d:Ie nt rtMnrdie will h
h-- s.ioft's fully il-" tn ilifTrnn d!Ma
U.irHitt etucureca'a-rh. asthma, Itiiiu, ilir ,
rht'tiaia Imij, nrrvorstit's. stotnat li, "lr; k d-
D' VS, ft'. : lift-- huildrrd Ot tt t:lll"!litls
I'harces modtTitt". i'all and m him. I'att'-nid
out of tti vily writ for hlankr and rvtil.tr.
S D.I stun p. CON-Sl'LTATluN FiiEK.
Address THE C. 6EE WO CHINESE MEDICINE CO
162' 1 first St., S. E. Cor. Morrison
Mention pajer.
PORTLAND. OREGON.
Mill
No. 5t -190S
EX writing to WlTortler plcaae
mention tbia paper.
DR. W. A, lbt
We do C ' n and bridgework without pain.
Ourliy ars' txptT.enre in plate work en
ables u 10 fit your mouth comfortably. lr.
W. A. im has found a safe way to rxtrart
teeth absolutely without pain. Ir. T. P.
Wise is an expert at to.d iil.inic and crown
and brulgt'work. Ex tract in tre whu
plates or bridges are t rd red.
WISE BROS.
DENTISTS
Fa'.llnc PMc Thiril and Washington Wt.
Ojn evenings nil y uVlock. Sundays irvm
y to l- Or Man
rUa9
THE EXTERNAL USE CF
St. Jacobs Oil
Rheumatism and Neuralgia
Is the short, sure
easv cure tr
Fii.-e.25c.
:50c.
It penetrates to the seat of torture, and re'ief rrcrv.pt'.y .o'.'..