!., ,, 1Mi
s The persistent wioj lover
Is the one who gets the maid ;
And the constant advertiser
3 Gets the cream of all the trade.
p a p .r; K
Miiri-ii
,iirmiHriitMi4tMtiMiii.iiitniininiii riitt
OFFICIAL
The man who tries to advertise j
With printer's ink consistent,
One word most learn nor from it lorn, 1
And that one word's persistent 5
' M MM 11 1 Itll iitt I Ml I'liM'I'fif Kll'il I
M I I I I M WM I in M M HtMi MM I MM H I I it
TWELFTH YEAR
I1EPPNER, MORROW COUNTY, OREGON, FRIDAY. DECEMBER 14, 1894.
WEEKLY WO. 614. f
SEMI-WEEKLY MO. 292.1
SEMI WEEKLY GAZETTE.
Tuesdays and Fridays
BY
PATTERSON PUBLISHING COMPANI
At $a.BO per year, $1.25 for six months, 75 cts.
tor three mem cub.
Aduertising Rates Made Known on
Application.
The "EA9LE," of Long Creek, Grant
County, Oregon, is published by the same com
pany every Friday morning. Subscription
price, I2per year. Foradvertlslng rates, address
OKI1T Jj. PJLTTXSEON, Editor and
Manager, Long Creek, Oregon, or "Qaiette,"
Heppner, Oregon.
TBI8 PAPKR is kept on tile at E. 0. Dake'e
Advertising Agency, M and 65 Merchants
Kxohangs, Ban Francisoo, California, where oou
raota for advertising can be made for it.
Union Pacfic Railway-Local card.
No, 10, mixed leaves Heppner 9:45 p, m. daily
xoept Sunday
10, " ar. at Willows Jo. p.m.
9, M leaves " a. m.
" 9, " ar. at Heppner 6:00 a. m. dailj
exoept Monday.
East bound, main line ar. at Arlington 1 :2o a. m.
West " " " leaves " 1:29 a. m.
West bound local freight leaveH Arlington 8:85
a. m., arrives at The Dalles 1:15 p. m. Local
passenger leaves The Dalles at 2 :00 p. m. arrives
at Portland at 1 H p. m.
OFFICIA.L DIEEOTOET.
United States Officials.
President. Qrover Cleveland
Vice-President Ad ai Stevenson
Beoretary of State...... Walter Q. Grasham
Beoretary of Treasury! John B. Carlisle
Beoretary of Interior Hoke Bmith
Beoretary of War Daniel 8. Lamont
Beoretary of Navy Hilary A. Herbert
PoBtmaater-Ueneral Wilson 8. Blssell
Attorney-General Kichard 8. Olney
Beoretary of Agriculture J. Sterling Morton
State of Oregon.
Governor S. Pnnnoyer
Secretary of State G. W. McBride
Treasurer Phil. Metenhan
gupt. Public Instruction K. B. McElroy
(J. H. Mitchel
Benatore J j. N.Dolph
j Binder Hermann
Congressmen , W. R. Ellis
Printer Frank C. Baker
IF. A. Moore
Supreme Judges i W. P. : Lord
( B. S. Bean
Seventh Judicial District.
Circuit Judge W. L. Bradshaw
Prosecuting Attorney A. A. Jayne
Morrow County Officials.
joint Senator
Beproeentative
r.mnty Judge
' Commissioners..
, J.M.Baker.
1 " Clerk
" Sheriff
" Treasurer
" Assessor
Snrvevor
, A. W. Gowan
.... J. 8. Hnithby
.. ..Julius Keithly
J.B. Howard
.....T. W. Morrow
G. W. Hammrton
... Frank Gilliam
j. t: wiiu
Geo. Lord
....Anna Bslsignr
....T. W. Ayers, Jr
School Bup't....
" Coroner..
HEPPNKB TOWN OFF10EBS.
Mayor p' - Borl
(Inimcl'lmeii O. E. Farnsworth, M,
Liohtenthal, Otis Patterson, Julius Kerthly,
' itr a TAn.rn.1 T I. Van (for.
HUmU '. 7. .'. .. F. J. Hallock
Treasurer A. M. Gnnu
Marshal
Precinct 0 IB cere.
Justice of the Peace...
Constable
E. L. Freeland
..N. 8. Whetstone
United States Land Officer.
THI DALLES, OB.
J. F. Moore
A. 8. Biggs
LA OBANDE, OB.
, . Register
. Receiver
B.F,
J.H.
Wilson...
Bobbins. .
,.. Register
. . Receiver
SEOEET SOCIETIES.
Doric Lodge No. 20 K. of P. meets ev-
m 1 i 1 HO n'Mmlr in
ery luwwuny wvwuiiik m ,.
.!.. r.a.ia Hall National Bank build
ing. Sojourning brothers eordiallv in-
vlted to attend. A. W. Patterhon, v. v.
W. V. Cbawfobd, ri. ol a. no. w
BAWLINS POST, NO. II,
G. A. B.
Meet at Lexington. Or., the last Saturday of
jach month. All veterans are invited to Join.
0- C Boon,
Adjutant,
Gun. W. Smith
Commander,
LUMBER!
WE HAVE FOE BALK ALL KINDS OF UN
dressed Lumber. 16 miles of Heppner, at
what Is known aa me
BOOTT SAWMIIiIi
PER 1,000 FEET, ROUGH,
CLEAR,
- 110 00
- 17 60
T DELIVERED IN HEPPNER, WILL ADD
J. X5.00 per 1,000 feet, additional.
L HAMILTON, Prop.
D.A.Hamllton. a.n'tz
01
.
WM. PENLAND. ED. B. BISHOP.
President. Cashier.
TRANSACTS A GENERAL BANKING BUSINESS
COLLECTIONS
Made on Favorable Terms.
rvrwANCF. R0UGHT & SOLD
LAv"i'""-
OREGON
HEPPNER
: TOU WANTJNFORMAflONBuUT
P.O. Boa
os8PRocntn)T()50WS)
..frtrrVtinifT. nd pallors ' ' npeTtl. w5r.
joty in the rf "'"V" wart ol 1
dDd Kremlin
i,.4aenmiea - Vm
11
iiismmii 11 ! 11 1 -v.
O.R.&N.CO.
E. McNEILL, Receiver.
TO TUB
QIVEa THE CHOICE
Of Two Transcontinental
GREAT
NORTHERN Ry.
VIA
Spokane
MINNEAPOLIS
UNION
PACIFIC RY.
VIA
Denver
OMAHA
St. Paul Kansas City
LOW RATES TO ALL
EASTERN CITIES.
Ocean
Steamers Leave Portland
Every 5 Days For
SAN FRANCISCO.
For full details oall on O. R. & N.
Ai nt at Heppner, r address
W. H. HTJRLBTJRT,
Gen. Fhsb. Agt.
Portland, Obeoos.
Thecomparatlvevalueof these twocarda
la known to most persona.
They illustrate that greater quantity I
Not always most to be desired.
These carda express the beneficial qual
ity of
RipansTabu!es
Aa compared with any previously known
DYSPEPSIA CURB
Ripans Tabules : Price, 50 cents a boa-,
, Of druggists, or by mall.
RIPANS CHEMICAL CO., 10 Spruce St., N.Y.
-THE
WISCONSIN CENTRAL LINES
Run Two Fast Trains Daily
Between St Paul. Minneapolis, and Chicago
Milwaukee and aU points In Wisconsin making
connection in Chicago with all lines running
East and South.
Tickets sold and baggnge checked through to
all points in the United States and Canadian
Provinces.
For full information apply to your nearest
tleket agent or JAS. C. POND,
Gen. Pass. andTltt. Agt, .Milwaukee, Wis,
Lightest,
k Easiest
Working,
? Most
Accurate,
Compact,
Alost Modern and progressive
For catalogTie or Information write to
THE MA RUN FIRE ARMS CO.,
New Haven, Conn.
510
OO worth of lovely Music tor Forty
l.enis. lorwHin. ui iw Fill.c
full size Sheet Music ot :iie
Hilar 4
CADSRCHSKI. Vtl Breat Planltt,
AVtUnH PAT If Old
MINNIE SiUQMAN CUTTtNO. r3
THE NEW YORK MUSICAL ECHO C0.
ZZ Broadway Theatre Bldg., New York City.
CANVASSERS WANTED. 1
Q0ZOK TIME t
San. Franolsoo
and all point is California, via the Mt, Bhaata
rontaof tba
Southern Pacifio Co.
The rrt hiiTiwuy thrrxurh California tw all
point Kant "d Sonth. tfrntiH Honrtir tVmte
of the Pacific ( Viyit. Pnllman Rnffet
Sleepers. 8Mnd-r.lfuui Hlwpers
Attached to express trains, atfordtn mpenor
aocommoclatioiiai for secosd-ctass passecurers.
Ffir rates, tiokets. sleeping car nwerratiotis,
tc. oU tirnn "f ni
a. KOEHLER. Mr..er. S. P. ROGtita, AH
r e r. !utArr mwn-
3
Simple. ISMuffiK
Receiver.
I FREE 3
mi latest, brightest, liveliest and most poj
(elections, both vocal and Instrumenui. 5
W gotten up In the most elegant manner, In
eluding four large size Portraits.
aC- CARMtNCITA. t Sdohj Danctr.
3
An agreeable laxative and Nirvb Tokio.
Bold by Drutrglsts or sent by mail. 50 63.
and $1.00 per package. Samples tree.
MflA The Favorite Tootarmren
IlU fortheTeethaod Bieath,25o.
For sale by T. W. Ayers, Jr., Diuggist.
The thumb is an nnfnillnfl; inflrs
of chaiucier, Tlte iSqtmrf Tvpe in
dicates a strung win. gnat e vu
and fii-ninetM. (.'loet'Iy aliictl i tlit
of advmicod ith'uc ami hutint.sh ;
ability. Boih of tliee typtf ht ion
to the bupy mun or woin;!ii; aim
IJeniorest'a Family Mnittiiu1 pre
pares especially for pneh pt-reini a
whole volume of n'v ideiie. con
dt-nst-d in aumall pikicc. hi tlmt the
rt'cord of the whulu world't work
for a month may he read in half an
hour. The Conical Type indicator,
refinement, culturi'. and a lovt; o(
iniitic, poi-trv, and lie I ton. A person
with this type of tlmnih will thor
oughly enjoy the lit entry aliraetioiip
of Demorortfe" Jlugiizme. The Ar
tistic Type indirnt.fi a love of
beuutv mid art. which will find rare
pleasure in the niacnificent oil-pict-ure
of rofcs, HiJ4 x SM ineheK, repro
duced from the original pnuirins by
l)e Lortfxpre, tlte innot cciehrnted of
living flowor-paiuterB, wiiich will
be pi veti to evt-ry mbcribcr to
Dt-moreet's Muiraztne for 1M5. Tlie
cost of tiiis pnperb work of nrt was
$350.00; and the lepromtciion
cannot be dift'iuHied from the
original. Beuicien this, an exquisite
oil or water-color picture ic pub
lished In i'tich number of the jMajia
sdne, and tlte articles are so pro
fuech' and sttpcrbly itlnstrated that
the Magazine in. iu reality, a p(n
folio of art wnrkB of the liiubeft
order. The Philosophic Type In the
thumb of the thinker mid inventor
of ide.ip, who will he deeply inter
ested in those developed monthly
in Domnrcst'B Mngitzine, in every
one of its tinmcvouH departments,
which cover the cniirn artimic and
scientific field, clinmirllng every
fact, fancv. and rmi or ine aay.
Demorem 's in simply a perfect
F.itmly Mairnzine. and was long ago
crowned (neeii of the Monthlies,
fiend In your subscription; it will
cost otilv y.0O, and you will have
n dozen Majinines in one. Address
V. Jknninom D' mokkst, Publi-her,
1!, Kiist 11th Street, .New lotK,
Thonyh not a fashion ntagazine. its
perfect rnhion paep.ana iicanicics
nn fnn.ilv ami domestic mailers, will
be of fuperbitive intercut to thoe
posMi spiiig the Feminine Type of
Thumb, which indicates in its email
smooth, rounded tip, those traits
winch belong essentially in mo
eii Her pox. everv one of whom ehonld subscribe to
ieinorrsfB.Mngazine. If you are unacquainted with
ts merits, fend for a specimen copy (free), and
will admit that seeing these TIU'MHS has put
mit in the way of saving money by fit. ding in one
dttgazine even-thing to satisfy the literary wants m
be wtiuie ltimtty.
niri.i9 rtvr e nnn nrlmtn endnaementfl.
Prrrnntiirpnesa triiins lmuoteny in the flrat
stuec. It is a aympiom of scmirral weatneKS
and barrrnnes,. It can be Slopped in SO uaya
by theuEeofHudyan.
The new discovery vres rosde by the Rneotal
ichmffhA nid famhiifl Hudsnn Medical Institute.
It is the stronizent Tliaiiznr made. It ls very
powerful, but baimless. 8old for $1.00 a pack
age nr packages for SO.OOIplainsealed boie?).
W.itfon n,aranlM VIVAM for a ftUre. If VOllbUy
six boxes and are rot entirely cured, six more
willbesent to ynufrcoofailcbarges.
Benifnr eirrrjlarand testimouinls. Annress
HDDSON M KDIC At, INSTITUTIS,
Juuctlon Stot-Llou, llarket k fclliaSts.
Ban lrauclaeo, Cat.
You
Can Get
Ferrv'a Beedi at your dealer
as fresh and fertile as though
' you (rot tdem Qireci irom r erry
Beed Karma.
FERRYS&EDS
are known and planted every,
where, and are alwaye tle
beat. Kerry's seea Aiinnai
lor tens an auuu.
them. Free.
D. M. Ferry 4 Co.
Detrolt.Mloh.
IMS rtxtra- f Constipation,
Jwouitjr ij fta Falling Sen-
the most tMnt-m aationH.Ncrv-
wonderful BtfiCtel oustwltchlng
diseovpry of BSvM,a of the eyes
the ftKC. It KVjKjS and other
EuroDe and nl tones the
vega' if&i
Huiyan stop, ESpW&iM J'.'uisslons,
fmf H SaSSS
da Cres back, losses
LOST M'Msm fty J
MANHOOD Mifw&L
"81 JACOBS 0LSm
CJhouinatisrr.,
Neuralgia,
Sciatica,
Lumbago,
Sprains,
Bruises,
Burns,
Wounds,
..WHAT MORE ?$ NSEDf P
HIDEOUS WITCHCRAFT.
Barbarous Rites Observed by West
Indian Natives.
Blacks Who Helleve la the Potency
of Charms and Hoodoos to Brine;
Instruction Vpou Their
Enemies.
A long residence in the West Indies
made me somewhat familiar with
obeah. a kind of witchcraft which the
negro brought witli him from hie na
tive land, says a writer in the Brook
lyn Citizen. There are olreahmen and
obeahwomen, but the former are the plass ls B 8UUstanoe which, as the glass
most common. They are generally ,iovreT wlyS has a will of it own. It
well known to their neighbors, none i8 vcry of;en diftietalt to tell how a par
of whom, however, would dare to give ticular piece is going to act under cer-
ine ooeaniuen away to lucsuimmuea
The rites of obeah differ according to
the tribe from which the person who
practices it comes. A common enchant
ment is to (rather herbs and boil them
and scatter the herbs and sprinkle the
water near or on the dwelling of the
person to be ob.ihed. Another prac
tice is to bury certain things in the
earth or lay sticks in a particular po
sition, mustering incantations over
them. I know it is a fact that an
obeahman, if properly paid for it, will
not only "lay obeah to destroy a per-
son, but poison the person if necessary
to carry out his contract with the party
who employs him. r or it is to be un
derstood that the obeahman works for
fee and reward, and will not exercise
his art without it. Not far from ray
residence, in a beautiful valley, was a
thrown up sugar estate. Three Eng
lishmen in succession hired the place
and died very soon afterward. When
the property was abandoned after the
abolition of slavery the former slaves
squatted upon it and 6nally came to
look upon it as their own. They want
ed no one to interfere, and when the
white man leased the place and went
to live in the great house and began to
exercise the rights of tenant and to
prevent the negro from encroaching it
was resolved to remove him. The
obeahman was consulted. lie pre
pared a slow but sure poison to remove
the white man. The negroes ap
peared to submit to the tenant's de
mands, and ho flattered himself that
everything was going to be pleasant.
But the black cook, who so cheerfully
and ably prepared his food, and the
servants who laughed at his jokes and
were so watchful for a chance to serve
him. were in league with the obeahman.
When the tenant was taken sick the
negro came to the house with stealthy
step and subdued voice and asked after
liuekras health with many exclama
tions of sorrow at the unswer that he
was no better. The ne-rress eanu and
iffured her aid around the house, and
.ympathUed witli lluckra's wife and
lumily, and other words of condolence
mixed witli strangely garbled verses,of
hymns and of Scripture. When death
came the negroes ana negrcsses at
tended the funeral in a body ami mani
fested every sign of sorrow. If the
familjr didn't speedily remove the next
thing was the sudden sickness of a
child. That Invariably induced the oc
cupants of the pesthouse to move away
as soon as possible. A negro of wealth
and influence, and one of the best men,
white or black, I ever met, told me the
facts above narrated, adding that the
authorities might sweep the valley of
all the negroes in it, but they never
could get at the guilty parties to pun
ish them.
A negro who was very industrious
amassed some wealth and put 'up for
himself a pretty cottage on the side of
a gully, down which a pure mountain
stream ran. It was as sweet a little
spot as ever I saw. The foundations
were good and the house stood upon
pillars formed of the trunks of huge
trees. This .man offended one of his
neighlfors and he employed an olieah
man to destroy him. One night in a
sturm the house with everything in it
was swept into the stream, which had
become a roaring torrent. Every black
man, woman and child stood aghast,
and whispered: "Obeah." Thisoneand
that said how they had seen a man
"laying obeah" near the house. Sure
enough, a hole was found containing a
ring, some human hair and a few bones,
and the neighbors all said that was
what had done it. Some tune after
ward when the place was examined
there were undoubted signs that the
posts on which the house had stood had
been sawn almost through, so that the
first whirling rainstorm from the
mountainsmight drive it into the gully.
I rode with the colored man already
mentioned to see the wreck. As we
walked our horses through a glade
near the stream, a tall, line-looking,
well-dressed negro crossed the path.
His face was positively handsome, and
a Dleasant smile spread over it as he
bowed and said: "Hood morning." I
returned the salute, but my colored
companion impatiently jerked aside
his horse and saiu: "Uiui. inis is a
term among the negroes of contempt
and abhorrence.
'Who is that?' I asked.
"A priest of the devil," my friend
answered.
"A Mohammedan?" I asked, for thero
had been slaves who were Mohamme
dans, whose descendants professed to
follow that faith in an ignorant fashion.
"No, oh no!" my friend said, "Mo
hammedan negroes don't set obeah."
The inference I drew was that the
ferene gentleman whom I had just
seen was an obeahman, and tht sus
pected cause of the wrecked dwelling.
By the way, I omitted to say that it so
happened that on the night when the
house was borne away into the gully
no living soul was within ita walls, the
owner and his wife having the previous
day gone up the mountains to visit a
Swellings,
Soreness,
Headache,
Backache.
AM Aches,
Stiffness,
Cuts, Hurte,
Frost-bites.
THAN A M.RPE0T CURE,,.,
married daughter and been detained
by the threatening storm.
A Mother's Nutural Pride.
'Look here, now," exclaimed the old
hen to her brood. "If I catch any of
you playing with any of those artificial
brats next dixir I'll wring your necks
for you. I've got some pride. I have,
and I don't ever want to be humiluted
by seeing a child of mine hobnobbing
with the offspring of a wooden-legged
incubator."
GLASS WOriRTiTG.
The Delicate 1'rocuss Is Attended
irllh
Much Cue rtainty.
A writer in the Ontician states that
tlim conditions, even after having
tested other pieces of the same "batch
When subjected to the heat one end of
a tube will sometimes respond dif
ferently from the other end. This is
in a measure due to unequal chilling,
occasioned possibly by a sudden
draught of air while it is in process
of manufacture No piece of glass is
absolutely reliable. Its working is,
therefore, at certain stages, most un
certain, and one person niay have en
tirely different experiences from
another. It is chameleonlike, and
cvery process SUCceeds better with
those who seem to have a knack which
is generally obtained by long practice.
The cutting of glass heads the list of
the uncertain processes, for it has no
definite cleavage, and its separation is
modified by the surrounding tempera
ture. The simplest separation is on
flat glass in a straight line. Here all
that is necessary is a deep and regular
scratch with a glazier's diamoud, a
firm and speedy bend away from the
main piece, and the parts crack along
the desired line. These glazier's dia
monds may he purchased and general
ly prove satisfactory, but it is more
economical to purchase from some dia
mond cutter a small splinter, and in
sert this into a piece of brass rod hav
ing a small hole drilled into one end.
The splinter should now be cemented
with marine glue and the brass rod
filed a little upon the side nearest the
ruler, to obtain, after trial, the best
cutting angle for the diamond. Another
instrument for cutting glass less ex
pensive than the diamond is the glass
blower's knife, which is a piece of thin
steel tempered glass hard by heating
it cherry red and then plunging it into
ice-cold water or mercury. The edge
should be sharpened by rubbing it upon
an old, rough emery grindstone until
fine saw-like notches appear. It is
then ready for use and should, if much
used, be sharpened repeatedly.
To cut tubes, carefully scratch at
right angles to the axis a deep notch.
either with the diamond, a triangular
ille or a glass blower's knife. Heat a
piece of glass rod until a small globule
appears on the end and press this upon
the scratch. .1 he glass will thus be heat
ed more at this point than at any other:
in unequal expansion takes place, the
nitch giving direction to the line of
fr.iclure, and the tube cracks evenly if
its thickness is uniform. In the case
of variable thickness uneven edges re-
ult and these must be filed down to
avoid sharp, cutting splinters. Many
recipes and directions have been given
uttmg bottles. Wetting an asbes
tos string with turpentine and setting
it on fire produces considerable heat in
the glass immediately underneath it.
By quickly removing the string anil
plunging the bottle into cool water the
unequal strain takes place and the
parts separate. It is this locating of
the heat that causes the glass to crack
as we wish it. The easiest method, if
the means be at hand, is to employ a
platinum wire, which should be heated
white hot by the passage of a heavy
electric current. liy wrapping the
wire round a heavy bottle or jar and
allowing the current to pass for ten or
til' teen seconds the stoutest walled ves
sel may be easily separated if touched
on the heated line with a cloth dipped
in water.
SOUTH SEA LEGENDS OF FIRE
A Whale and an Air Dragon Each Believed
to Have Originated Flame.
The South Sea Islanders tell a curi
ous story of the origin of fire. If they
are to be believed, says the St. Louis
Republic, they came la possession of
that useful element in the following
luaenor: A great whale was once
tvu.thed ashore upon one of their islands
during the prevalence of a terrible hur
ricane. The monster became entan
gled in a grove of yellow trees (a spe
cies of evergreen whose branches easily
ignite), and, while gnashing his teeth
in hi.i impotent rage, struck off a spark
which lighted the grove and consumed
both trees and whale. Fires which are
said to have been perpetuated since tile
day of the "great whale tire''' may yet
be seen burning in muny parts of the
island.
Another fire legend, believed in by
the inhabitants of the islands to the
north of the ones in which the "great
whale fire'' is preserved, is to the elFeet
that a great airdragon (probably light
ning) breathed upon a t.illow tree and
set iU branches on fire. From the
coals left from this flro they learned of
its great value, and have ever since
used the element for domestic purposes
and in their religious ceremonies. They
also have a tradition that the time will
come when the dragon will return for
the tire, and that no man will be able
to withstand him and save the sacred
spark except he be a person born with
pink eyes, fair skin and white hair.
For this reason the birth of an albino
is always hailed as s good omen, and
his or her person guarded with jealous
caro, so aa to preserve life to its utmost
limit. Marionette mentions seeing s
"fire god" or "firs guard" (albino) whUe
oo his vitit to the Islands, who was be
lieved to be at least one hundred and
fifty years old, and who had always
been provided for by the tribe.
ilaCincsque, who made South Sea
Inland myths and legend a study for
years, In of the opinion that the return
of tut eiic'Ku for hit lire ta tymtoiioci
crart.1 tta fi-Uttrf Um vtnt
Highest of all in Leavening Power.
Absolutely pure
INDIANS AT THE BATH.
Bed
Men Who Use Steam
Enjoy 8 Cold Plunge.
and
Explosion of the Theory That All Indiana
Are Dirty and Abhnr Water Columbia
Klver Tribes Have the Turkish Sys
tem In a Primitive Way.
Indians do wash. That is some of
them do. It is a curious fact that tiro
Columbia river Indians believe as
thoroughly in the efficacy of the hot
air bath and the sudden immersion of
the body afterward in cold water as
the Turks or the most advanced believ
ers in tho lliiLWian and Turkish baths
do. To the man who knows only the
ill-smelling, ill-conditioned Digger,
Apache or Piute this will come as a
revelation.
Tho Columbia river Indian, says the
Chicago Tribune, is a clean individual,
lie may not have the toilet articles and
clean linen of civilization, but his pores
are open, his skin is clear and free from
spot or blemish, aud he is generally a
healthy person. His step is light, his
head erect, his eye clear, and form
wiry, a nd he probably owes it as much
to his hot 'hatha as to the delightful
climate in which he lives. These bains
the I'mutillu, the Wenatehee, Yakima
und all the other tribes of the Colum
bia basin have used always, or so far
back in the past that not even the faint
est traditions of the tribes tell of their
commencement. They take them reg
ularly, once or twice weekly, anil al
ways prescribe nnd use the in for sick
ness, although their ignorance of the
various diseases, and their practice of
always taking the "bath" as a cure for
any disease with which they may be
attacked has caused muny serious and
fatal mistakes iu the iiast by which
scores of lives have been lost. Repeat
ed fatalities, however, teach them no
lessons. It may be rheumatism or it
may be smallpox; it wakes no differ
ence to them.
Thu "bath," or, as the few white set
tlers on the river call it, "Injun sweat
house, is simply a hole three feet in
diameter and eight feet long, dug hori
zon tally iu the sloping bank of the
river. Tt is usual to dig them from
thirty-five to forty feet above low
water, as tho river generally rises dur
ing .luiie and July from thirty to forty
feet, and although hi'h water lasts but
ten days to three weeks, yet there would
be little Irftof the "bath" if the flood
hud a chance at it. The bottom, or
floor, is lined with smooth flat stones,
and the walls are hardened as much as
possible by the builder lying on his
back on thebotlom and pounding v-.iem
with a rock resembling a pest.j. Afti
a few baths the walls become as well
linked and as hard as brick, and will
not only retain the heat for hours, but
will stand a wonderful amount of pres.
sure and weight from above.
The method ot taking a bath is ns
simple as the "bath" itself. Filling the
hole with dry wood it is set afire and
in a few minutes is burning fiercely.
When the wood has burned out the em
bers are raked from the hole and the
bath ls ready. Divesting himself of all
his clothing the Indian takes an old
blanket and, saturating it thoroughly
in the river, spreads it out on the stones
of the hole aud crawls in feet first.
The; instant the wet blanket touches
the hot stone the hole is filled with
steam in which the bather disappears,
For several minutes nothing is visible
but clouds of steam pouring out of the
hole; but after a tune that clears away
and within, yet close to the entrance
can be seen the steaming face of the
bath s occupant. As the hole cools
off the Indian crawls farther in, and so
the majority of the "bucks" remain iu
all night. Before morning they are
well back to the extreme end of the ex
cavation.
To witness a "buck" emerge from
his bath in the morning one would
think it the last effort of a dying man
Too weak to walk or even st'.ind anil
hardly able to crawl, he manages tc
slowly drag his body from the hole to
tho bank, down whir.h he creeps
rolls to the water's edge. Then the
transformation takes place. If he ii
able to stand he will wade in until th
water is up to his knees, when in h
rolls or plunges. In an instant he is
up again, wildly waving his arms and
beating his chest, and then he plunge
in again, repeatedly, until he has dis
appeared several times under the icy
water, for the Columbia river is ice
cold, winter or summer, receiving its
supply in the summer from the snow
clad peaks of its headwaters.
With a bound the "buck" is out on
the bank, a new man; like a wildest h
springs up the hillside to the "bath,
reaches in and picking up his blanke
wraps it around him and with step a
light and form as erect as an athlet i
training, hurries away to his tpc for j
nr'-nKuist.
The taking of his bath is part of hir
training, and almost of his religion.
From early youth he is accustomud to
it, and he practices it to his old age.
Winter or summer, whether it be hot
or cold, he takes it. While the squaws
do not indulge as frequently or remain
In as long as the "bucks," they are re
quired by the customs of their pooplo
to regularly go to the bathhouse and
receive its benefits. They usually do
not remain In longer than half an hour,
or, perhaps, an hour at the longest,
and are not required to take the
plunge afterward, usually contenting
themselves with dipping their blankets
in the water and then passing it over
their bodies until they become aulli
uttioUy cool W wthUf Ul W th Va
Latest U. S. Gov't Report
Baking
AN
EARLY IRONCLAD.
Built to Hreak Through the
Spanish Lines.
The idea of protected ships, such as
the modern men-of-war, is by no means
an absolutely new one. This is proved,
says the Western Mail, of Cardiff, by
the fact that an armored vessel was
constructed, though crudely, of course,
as far bak as 1585 by a shipwright of
Antwerp during the wars between the
Spaniards and the Dutch. In the sum
mer of 1585 Antwerp was invaded by
the Spaniards both by land and water,
and the people of Antwerp built the
first protected 6hip on record in an at
tempt to break through the line of be
siegers in the river. It was a craft of
unusual size, with flat bottom, its sides
armed with iron plates fastened into
great beams of wood. When finished
the builders thought ita floating castle,
impregnable to the artillery and mis
siles of those days, which should crush
all opposition, as it contained a great
numlier of men, some of whom were
placed like sharpshooters in the tops of
the masts, and the rest protected by
the bulwarks.
They were so confident that the craft
would rout the enemy that they called
Finis Belli, thinking it no doubt
would put an end to the war. Unfor
tunately, however, the early ironclad
proved a disastrous failure, getting
stuck upon a bank of the Scheldt after
a very short and unhappy career. The
Spaniards were greatly amused with
the untimely end of the vessel, while
the brave burghers of Antwerpchanged
the name from "Fiuls Belli" to "Per-
dito Expensal," or "Money Thrown
Away." The crew then deserted the
ship, and the Spaniards, after defeat
ing the Netherlander in a naval bat
tle, carried the monster in triumph to
the camp of Alexander, of Parma, where
became, one of the sights of tho
times. The city of Antwerp was taken
August 17, 158,1, and so the first iron
clad on record came to an unfortunate
end.
JAP WOMAN TOOK COREA.
Empress Jlngu Conquered the Country
aud Won Everlasting; Ileuown.
Tt is to a woman that J-tpau owes her
claim to Coreaand to the naval suprem
acy of the eastern world. I he first naval
expedition which made Japan's "arms
to shine beyond the seas," as the
chroniclers of the day so proudly
wrote, was planned anil conducted by
woman, Empress Jingu, and it
was directed against Corea. Empress
Jingu, according to the Japanese chron
icles, was young and beautiful and as
pious and obedient to the gods as beau
tiful. As a reward for her fidelity
Heaven inspired her with determina
tion to conquer Corea. So Jingu, or
dering a fleet to be collected, set out
in 201 A. D. upon Japan's first naval
expedition. The empress won a rich
reward for her courage and energy,
and Corea became tributary to Japan.
Immediately upon her return a child
was born to the empress, who, when ho
grew up, became a great warrior, and
is now worshiped under the name of
Hachiman, god of war. In later times
it became the fashion to attribute the
Coreun victory to the influence of the
unborn child. All over Japan there
are temples elected in honor of botli
llaehlman .and Jingu, and as late as
1874, when the Japanese troops left for
Formosa, many of thein prayed for
the special protection of Hachiman,
god of soldiers.
A SHREWD SOVEREIGN.
An Emperor Who Vlnanelarad to Soma
Purpose.
Among other expedients to raise
money, Ivan resigned the crown in
favor of a Tarter kahn, who was bap
tised under the name of Simeon. Ivan,
says the Gentleman's Magazine, feigned
to withdraw himself from public af
fairs, but in reality be held on to them,
and made the new czar call in all the
charters formerly gruntod to the mon
asteries and bishopries, and all the
charters were canceled. This curious
interregnum, or by whatever name it
should be designated, lasted nearly a
year, and then Ivan declared he did not
like tho new regime, and, dismissing
the baptised heathen, again took up
the scepter which, as a matter of fact,
he had never really discarded. He is
,ued fresh charters to the monasteries,
but wus careful to keep back several
fine slices of the revenues, extorting
from some of them fifty thousand and
from some others one hundred thou
sand rubles annually. We shall see,
as Ivan's character is unfolded, that
this spoliation of the monasteries was
not the only thing in which he resem
bled our own merry monarch, llonry
VIII. He would send hifi agents into
the various provinces, there to buy up
at low nrioes the whole of some par
ticular commodity for which the prov
ince was noted. After retaining the
monopoly for awhile he would sell for
a high rate and even compel merchants
to buy at the prices he named, lie
followed a similar course with foreign
imports, creating a monopoly and for
bidding others to sell their stocks un
til he had disposed of his own. By
these means he cleared two hundred
thousand rubles a year.
Cat'aeyes. Ancient aud Modern.
The cat'seye atone, now prized as an
ornauieut, isa very different thing from
the aueient cat's eye, or eyestoue of
India, an agate cut so as to show the
so-called eye or eyes. It is suppoted by
some that this latter wus utcd as mon
ey iu many parts of Jndi four iwjutu
riut. u'O, nn4 tptxAuufi (uiud tctivy
h 4iC lf ftin!tiat
Poivder