Li-1'
Continued from First l'nfji
Ocean ; almost identical with that of
the eastern shores of 1'ugct Sound, and
nbout 10 degrees higher than that of the
mountainous districts adjoining thorn
on the east.
In tiie summer month) the monthly
menu temperature is from 10 to 12 de
grees higher than that of the Pacific
coast districts, and about f degrees
higher than that of the mountainous
region eastward.
The isothermal lines of tho winter
months show very pccnlinrcurvcs
southward and eastward from Pugcl
Bound, reaching up along the Colum
bia and .Snake livers as far as tliellTth
meridian Greenwich, and as far.toulli
as the -l'itli parallel north. Thocn'ects
of these bends in tho isothermal lines
is seen along tho shoiesof tho .Snake
river, where, in a section even diicr
than those adjoining, tho winter tem
poraries are, in general, to mild that
the less hardy fruits, such as tho peach
and apricot, aro successfully grown.
Tho average of tho mean maxium
temperature in February is above the
freezing point, approaching closely to
10 deg. F., showing that there are
many days in Pobriiary that can be
considered growing days in which tho
0 plant will increase at the root if
not
above the surface of tho ground.
Tho average mean maximum for
tho month of March is above fiO deg.
I, while thatOf tho mean minimum
is about tho freezing point, showing
an almost continuous favorable con
dition for growth during tho day, with
but little retarding conditions during
tho night.
In the month of April tho avcrngo
mean maximum temperature is ,above
CO deg. F., while tho mean of the min
imum is between .'ifi deg. and -10 deg.,
which low temperatures, occurring
principally about tho hour of sunrise,
arc of too short duration to seriously
retaid the growth of plants,
In tho succeeding months the mean
tcmperaturo r,es steadily, touching 70
clog, in May, with many extremes as
high as 85 deg., and in June reaching
j 80 dog., with many extremes aa high
as Do deg., while tho mean minimum
temperature remains iStween -10 deg.
and f0 deg., giving cool nights, favor
ablo for eondenting whatever moisture
may be iQuseiit in tho atmosphere,
and m) assisting in invigorating and
nourishing plants.
Although the soil is rich, and so
constituted that it can bo easily
worked, ip will not grow largo crops of
wheat year after year, and it has been
found that after working tho land un
remittingly for a number of years, say
ton or fifteen, it roiiu9es either a rota
tion of crops, or, where this would not
( be practicable, that tho land should
1 remain fallow each alternate year;
where this is not done, a diminution
of the yield follows, but this dimin
ished yield would, in the older settled
parts of tho United States, bo consid
ered a fair one.
i There aro found two great classes of
plants of indigenous growth, tho
bunch-grass and tho sage-brush, am
wheie tho soil is especially fertile, tho
small sunflower, various natural grass
es, and tho camas, tho latter having an
edible root.
Tho bunch-grass is found, hardly
without exception, in all parts of tho
wheat lands of Washington Territory
n mruis a natural nay, sell-curing
without cutting, and sulliciont as mi
milium. 10 sustain cauio without any
, q other feeding through an ordinary,
not too severe, winter. Although tho
bunch-grass is nlso found in Oregon, it
is frequently found mixed with differ
out varieties of sage-brush, the latter
in greater proportion as tho distance
from tho Columbia river and the Blue
mountains increases, until near the
parallel of 45 deg. north latitudo and
thence southward it forms tho princi
pal growth on the uplands, while
grasses are found in tho watered val
leys and near tho mountains,
Tho average number of bushels of
wheat harvested per aero as deter
mined from reports received from
Bovonty-livo post-ofllcos where bunch-
grass is reported as tho natural growth
before cultivation, and from thirtv-
threo post-ofllces where tho bunch
grass is mixed with sage-brush, is 25
.'MO bushels for tho former and 25 7-10
bushels for tho latter.
A fair avcrago may be said to bo 25
biihhels per acre. Ueports aro given,
in tome few instances, as low as 15
bushels, and others givo -10 bushels
per nore. In many isolated cases,
although never in very extended areas,
50 biibliols perooro have been harvest
ed. Fiom this it appears tlait, under
similar climatic conditions, as largo
crop can bo grown on tngohriih bind
.'.-Xju' wlioni tho bunch-gnus predomi
unto, hut in tho more arid miuIIoiu of
(ho (toimlry tho liiiiiglcgniM U found
to totally disappear iuiiI l rujiluaMl by
I the eagc-bruh. Where theso condi
tions prevail wheat can only bo grown
by irrigating upon a largo scalo.
Where this can be done large tracts of
sage-brush land in Idaho Territory
and southeastern Oregon can be trans
formed into wheat lands.
The average profit per acre derived
from wheat growing, depending as it
does upon the yearly yield, tho ruling
prices, tho cheapness or dcarncss of
transportation, upon the 'transporta
tion facilities themselves, as well as
upon tho home market, can not bo
arrived at with any certainty from the
data available for a icport of this
kind.
Tho year 1881 was one of low prices
and small demand for export, so that
many reports were received stating
Qhat no profit was derived ; many oth
ers that profits were very small.
Tho average of tho reported profits
was $1.50 per acre, and the average of
all reports, including those which re
ported no profits, was $2.75 per acre.
In looking at the subject of profits it
must bo remembered that, in addition
to tho profit derived from wheat, the
farmer hns his living from his land,
and that many farmers add to their in
come by stock (cattle, horses, or sheep)
Inking the average quarter-section
farm, or ranche, in the wheat lands,
with 100 acres in wheat, at 25 bushels
per acie, and at the average price of
50 cents per bushel in tho harvest
field, allowing one-half of the receipts
for the expenso of plowing, seeding,
and harvesting, it will be found that
$0 per acre from wheat-growing alone
is a very close approximation to the
average profit.
The cause of the uniformly success
ful wheat crops is to be found in a va
riety of conditions, tho most promi-
nent of which are, the fertility of the
son, tho very general presence of a
great depth of clay or bardpan subsoil
which icts as a vast reservoir of moist
ure, the general mildness of tho win
ters as compared with other wheat
growing regions lying father inland to
tho east, a moderate amount of rain
fall during the growing season, fol
lowed by a nearly totally dry ripening
and harvesting teason, tho prevalent
westerly winds with their moisture
from the Pacific ocean, and thoo'caroi
ty $ dry desiccating winds from the
east, and possibly to a very slight ex
tent tho situation of the lands to tho
north, giving longer days in tho grow
ing season and consequently moro
hours of sunlight in which the plant
grows than in more southern latitudes.
As a rule tho wheat is sown in tho
fall, and obtains a height of from four
to six inches during ftio prevalence of
the fall rains, am?, being covered with
snow the greater part of tho winter, is
ready to start with a good root when
tho snow nits in the early spring.
Of the foregoing the very great fer
tility of the soil must be held as of tho
first importance, for without this soil,
rich in tho material necessary for tho
grovtb of tho plant, and tho filling of
the kernel, tho favorable climatic con
ditions would bo fruitless. To tho fer
tile soil, treated under a favorable
climate, must bo assigned tho first
,.i,. .,,wi :.. :( ...i.:.. i. :.. ..1
l""""'"""'"' iinm.1.li.,l..i-l.iSMm1i(nt)((t,m.(,1 rebuttal of that submitted by
by tho table of reports to bo an aver
ago of ;( feet and more, is given prom
ise of almost inexhaustibility. This U
foot of soil being very friable, admits,
with greater facility, tho percolation of
tho giealor part of tho rain-fall and
water from melting snows; tho rains
aro seldom heavy, and, except under
tho influence of Chinook winds, tho
snows melt gradually, so that only a
small part of tho whole amount of pre
cipitation passsos ofl" over tho surface.
All of tho prominent streams, in
fact, all of tho streams, have their
sources in tho mountains, and are fed
by the mulling snows; tho streams be
come very low and some totally disap
pear in tho winter mouths and assume
their largest proportions in tho months
of June, July and August, when the
heavy snows in tho mountains molt.
Subscribe for Tun Oiikoon Scout.
NOTICE POP PIPLICATION.
Lanp Oki'ick at La (ikamu:, OiiK(io.n,1
Nov. 7, 1HSS. i
Nollcu Is hereby given that the following
named settler has filed notice of his Inten
tion to make Until nronf In snnnnri i,r l,U
(iuim. and that said proof will bo made bo
foro the register mid receiver at La (iruudo,
Oregon, on Dec. 2J, 1KSS, viz:
Wallaci; V, 'Ii.nvki.kv,
lid. No,lKS7. for tho SWUXW),' Sec. '.".I
mikI tili NHW ami NWl. SK.' See. :ti). Tn'
fi . It. 40, H.
llo names the following witnesses iO
Pl'OVe Ills continuous rolilcncii mwui nml
cultivation of, vulil laud, vU:
irwin i-niMer. i ranels Favro. t vrus II.
l'rescott und llladen Anhbv. nil of Telocas-
et, Oregon.
Anv porMin who desires to protest against
the allowance of such msiof. ur whn knows
of any mibsluntlal reason, under the law
and (Le reguhuloim of the Interior Depart-
,1 ,,J n,,k,( BIIIIIIUI ,U IIIIIIW'
ml, will he given mi opportunity utllioalHtve
niuiiliiiiiml time und jilaoo lo i nui osamlue
the ii(w of uh ehtiiuunt, ami to oiler
evldenru in rebuttal of that Mithmitiml liv
dulliiunt.
111. din llikiiiiui
llltlud II.IM(I
Ml V Bfl -
M"- TP to
tot'
mf7 'fl s
m...r...ca
rj a 2
DC1 ' """ u
masses o
K HM 2
BE
ft ""It
car- -23
The Campbell Country Pross bns been long and favorably known to the trade
use of a country office. The above cut nhows ( now machine just out, which is our
by hand power. In the new machine we have retained all tho peculiar advantages pososscd by the old, having concentrated nml added to them until our preiS represents the
nearest approach io perfection yet attained In simplify.'),', vc have been enabled to reduce the cost, making the cheapest, as well as the host press of this character in the
Qiirket, and although especially designed for a hand-power press, we apply tight and loose pulleys and belt slipper, at the nominal additional cost of S1.".00.
33x48, 6-Col. Quarto
This press 'is kept in stock, and sold ONLY by Tahner it Key, sob) njrcnN for tho
prominent paper of Oregon, Washington Territory. Jdabo and Uritish Colmnuda.
Don't waste your money on a cheap and worthless press when you can buy the
your "liquid l'rcss," in exchange, than any other house KaH or West, 15K NUHE to
O ran O
New
And also for prices upon any Type or
112 and 1 1 4
NOTICE POIl PUBLICATION.
Land Onici:
at LaOiiandi:, Oni:ooN, )
Oct. lit, 1RSS. f i Oi-tt.hcrl-P, I8S. t
Notice is hereby given that the following- , Notice is hereby giv u rhat. the fillovving
named sutler has tiled notice of his inten-, nncd settler hai, liicd notice of his Inten
tion to make timil proof in support of his .tlon to mnke finn! n-onf in Bniinnrt.nf
claim, and that said proof will lie made be -
mil! wie n'fi'-ier nun receiver m j.a viraniic,
Oregon, on Dee. fith. 1S.SS. viz
Jou.V Vi:i.t.!N(i,
I). S. Xo. 7308, for the qr. SK (jr. Sec.
3 j, Tp. ."J, S, Lot I, and SW (r. HV qr. See.
1, Lot '2, Sec. U, Tp. I S. I!. 10 H.
llo names tho following witnesses to
prove his continuous residence upon and
cultivation of. said laud, viz:
Andy Wilkinson, Thomas Wilkinson,
f!has. t'ouarty and Is. V, Kobinett, all of
Union, Oregon.
Anv peon who d .sires to protest aj;ainst
the nllowanco of such proof, or who knows
of anv MihMantial reason, under the law
and the regulations of tho Interior Depart
ment, wny sucu l.rooi snouiil not lie allowed,
will be fiven an importunity at the above
mentioned time and place to cross-examine
L witnesses m aio eiamiaui, ana 10 oner
claimant.
Ilr.Miv
ItlNKIIAUT,
Kem'ster.
10-l(i-W(i
NOTICE FOR PUHLICATION.
LM Oikici: at La Qiamii:, Oiikoon,!
Oct. Lt, 1SS3. f
Notice is hereby ulven that the following'
Hiiuu'd settler has tiled notice of his inten
Hon to make limil proof in support of hi
claim, and that said proof will bo made bo-
foro the register and receiver at La (iraudc,
Oregon, on Wee. li, lass, viz:
William L. Oovr.i:
I). S. No. f.VX), for the N- SHf Sec I I, Tp.
U S. U. 4.1 K.
lie names tho following witnesses to prove
hlii continuous residenee upon and cultiva
tion oi. siuu lami. viz:
1'. 1. Lee, James Arthur. Y. J. llrown.
and 1. N Vouhl'. all of New llridtrn. Or.
Any person who desires to protest aualnst
the allowance of such proof, or who knows
of any substantial reason, under the law and
the regulations of the Interior Department,
whv such proof should not be allowed, will
bo given an opportunity at the above, men
tioned time and place to cross-examine tho
witnesses of said' claimant, and to otter evi
dence in rebuttal of that submitted by
claimant.
llK.N'ltY KlMillAltT, .
lO-'.'O-wtl. Itegister.
NOTICE FOR PUHLICATION.
LANPOrriCK AT LA (iltANOK, OltKdOX, I
Oct. lill. 1KSS. r
Notice Is hereby liiven that the followlng
iiamed settler has filed notice of her inten
tiou to make limil proof in support of her
claim, and that said proof will be made-before
the register and receiver at La Craude,
Orogon, on Dee. II. ItKS, six :
Oatiiaiiink Wi'.Avnu. widow of JoOma
Weaver, deceased,
Ild.No.3SI7, for tho SWK See. 31, Tp. 1
N, H. 10. K.
She names tho following witnumes to
prove her coiiIIiiiiouh residence upon, unit
cultivation of, said laud, viz:
Itobert Knight, Win. Umllrott. 11. V.
Alexander and Kolwrt I'uituuliigs, nil of
Elgin, Oiegou.
Anv person whodeklreNtoproiost gitiUKt
the alhiwtimv of hiuii prinif, or who Kiiowa
of uuy kuhstantlal reMnoii. iimUTtho Uwand
tho rugulatlmis id Ibu Inieriur DepirtutrDt
why mnii proof khoultl ni b nlhAwl, ui-l
Ixi alum an (ipportuuitv at ihr nbv nini
tloiied tltiiDHlul Jiliie to ro-xiiiiii Itm
wltipiMO of wild lUluiMiil, ami toortitr ii
deuce in leluilUl il iImi niUiulmd l
liitimant
IISHV IUM.II4UI,
0'.'()w lli.t.iir
UC
1- H4MMmm$MMMm7i
"HAND CYLINDER" SERIES,
THE PRICES W!LL
orS - GoI. FoSio, $825.
Freight to be milled from
BUY NQ
Improved Casnpfoei! Country Press.,
Pricing Material you may need. They
Front Street
NOTICE POR PUBLICATION.-
Lanh Ofi ici: at La (iuandk. Ouroox.)
' cl.dm, and that suit! p-;oif will le mailo be
fore the register and receiver at La (Jrundo,
O'cgon, on December lolh, 1S8, viz:
Ei!i:nk.ki: Sa.mih,
D. S. No. 7-S). for the S'.; NWW and NJ4
SW'-i Sec. 'J, Tp. ft H. I!. ;i!l E.
He names the following witnesses to
prove his continuous residence upon and
cultivation of, said land, viz:
Win'. Station, K. It. Spain, Thud Draper
andl'i'tor M. Collin, all of Union, Oregon.
Any person who desires to protest a;aiift
the allowance of such proof, or who knows
of any sub-tuntia! reason, under the law and
the regulations oPJio Interior Department,
Qy such proof should not be allowed, will
be given an opportunity at the above men
tinned time and place to eros-e'amine tho
witnesses of said claimant, and to oiler evi
dence in rebuttal of that tubmltted by
claimant.
Ilr.NKY I'l.N'EUAUT,
ll-H-wd Register.
NOTICE POP PUHLICATION.
Lanp Ornci: at La (!uami:, Ouloh.v.I
Octobor 27. 18SS. i
Notice is hereby given that the following
named settlers have tiled notice of their in
tentions to muko linnl proof in siipimrt of
their claims, and that said proofs will bo
made beforo tho register and receiver at
Im (iramlc, Oregon, on Dec, 11. viz:
I.KANDKl: ,1, l'CKUAKON.
1). S. No. W'.Ml, for the EU SE( Sec. i!8 and
S.'-i SW4 S.e. 27, Tp. !S. It. If. E. and,
Actit'HTl S l'l:.N'TO.N'
1). S. No. s7.'7. for the SW' SEvr, EW SW
id and SE'X NW Sc. -J2. Tp. !l S. U. 15 E
Thev nuino the following witnesses to
prove tholr coutinnous resilience upon ami
cultivation of, said lauds, viz:
Augustus l'euton, Leander J I'urgason.D.
W. Allen, William Nash and Loandcr Fur
gason,all of Bridgeport, Orogon.
Anv person who desires to protest against
the allowance of such proof, or who knows
of any substantial reason, under the law and
the regulations of tho Interior Department,
why such proof should not bu allowed, will
be given an opportunity at the above men
tioned time and place to cross-e.vamiuo the
vittios-o of said claimant, and to oiler evi
dence In rebuttal of that submitted by
claimant.
llKNKY KlXKllAUT,
11-2 wfl Register.
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.
Laxh Okmck at La (Jiunhk, Oreoon.i
Nov. S, 1SSS. f
Notice is hirebv nhvn that tlie following-
nuiiied settler has tiled uotloe of his Inten
tion to nuikti final proof in support of his
rluini, und tlmt :iul proof will bp madobe-
lore tlie r-tler nihI rtoclvernl draiuio,
Oregon, on Doc. U7th, ISaS. viz:
William r. Lock si N,
D. S. No, SOOT, for Hip liW XWK ami VM
SW(, Sec. IS, Tp. I S, R SI E.
lie names tho following wPiiuiwcs to
prove liU coiitiiiuoiu residtnoe upon and
cultivation of, said land, vU :
Miuilel HllUedK!, r. Ji i iuveriion. V .OUItver 51. Keaver. Wllli.im t ruster. Noah
II. Johnmm und M. A. W Walla, t , all of A. Arnold .md W II. lluSmati, of Telin mm-i,
m tlran.le, "'rigou. o inrcxon,
Anv p. rv.p who ilcr. o prote-t at ntist I A ii s I e u.ih l.iir.-s t.i oro'rx: a lin t
the nli.'w of iirli p . of or u bo kii.,n
of ii -ulti tul ic, i-.m .in. lei tic lavs I
lai.'lih . rii I,, is ... II 1 1 i ( . 'I... I'p i 1
III l t W . -l i , ... 1 lili, uM
ii. t i. .1 i
rd. will Id Kisrii an vpilil , .; .U.
Ui e iiu iiiioiitsl ilute d, 'l i ' t ro
t'HlHH. ibi' iliii'Kki- nl alii I d'H i, t
ll ..It. I i V .1.- , Il) I lit'., I , t lli ,1 . ti ,
( d 'tin. .in.
Ill SI. V UlNl.ll Mil ,
11 I' .Ml H'k' '
J I 'tjti',"
as the best, moit simple. mot durable, and most profitable cylinder press for the general
former prc.ss remoddled, simplified, and improved with .-pecinl reference to easy running
AST WISH YUn
3043,
Quas-to
the Factory in nil e;ihe.
Pacilic coast, who can furnish many testimonial of it.flne working qualities from tho
OTHER.
Host Country I'rcss madinat ouch low prices
write them for prices and terms on tho
fell Lower'Than Any llouo on the
SS5
n& En a 6 U mb
(The only
Cornucopia 'Saloon,
Wm. Wilson, Phoi
The Finest of Wines, Liquors
and Cigars always in stock.
FIPST C LASS 1)1 LLI A U D TABLE.
Drop in and be sociable
Iltf;01.in 1()X XOTICJi.
IS IIEIU'DY OIVEN' THAT
4 the uiidersitrncd have this dav mutu-
tually dissolved the )aruiersbip heretofore
existing between them. 15. F. AVilson of
tho lirm will continue the business, collect
all bills and settle the indebtedness of the
lirm.
Dated this Nov. 7th, ISsS.
CARROLL iV WILSON.
NOTICE FOR 'PUBLICATION.
Land Okfu i: at La GnAsnr, Okki.on,)
October 1. HSS. i
Notice is hereby given that the following
named settler has tiled notice of bisinteii-
I tion to make final proof in support f his
claim, and that said' proof will be made be
fore the register and receiver at Lu O ramie,
Oregon, on Nov. 21, ISsH, viz;
FlCANVIB -M. OlTICLU,
I Id. No. S-lflll. for the Nhlf. NWitr. Sec
24, and S hlf. SW (ir. Sec. VJ, Tp. 8 s. . 40
E, W. .M.
IIo names the following witnesses to
proyo his continuous residence upon and
cuiuvaiiou oi, said laixi. vi
ami the regulations of the Interior Depart
iiicui, wny sucu proor siiouki not ho al
lowed, will be given an opportunity at tho
above mentioned time ami place to eross
e.amlne the witnesses of said claimant, and
to oiler evidence In rebuttal of that sub
mitted by claimant.
if&N'KY ItlKEIIART,
1012 Itegister.
NOTICE FOIt PUBLICATION.
Land Omoc at Lv Oiia.ndk OKrdo.v.l
Nov. 7. isss. f
Notice Is hereby given that the following
named settlors have Mod notice of thoir In
tention:! to make linul proof in support of
their rluims. and that said piOJf's will bo
made beforo the reaiter and rseeiver at La
Urandu, Oregon, on Deo. 18. ttS8. viz:
Saiuii A. Ahmolh.
lid. No. 2078, for tho SWVf, SW'4' SW
X and SEl.'NWX Sec. 5. Tp. fS, It. .ttllS.
Mild,
John It. ItEevB.
Hd. No. 2117. fr the NT'i NK See. 2. Tp.
OS, and SK'.SE',4 und SK1; SWJi .-co.
Tp. S S. K. 40 K. 'a
prove their continuous resilience uon and
cultivation of , ald land viz:
J. H. Mtev,-n William Stafford and Thorn
as Miuw, of North I'ow.'cr; John It K vi ,
4llir JIH1IIV IIIV
IM..
followiii'' witne..s's to
the ilona . o' li pro .f or ho kuo .
o .in ii.-. i ' i , n, it;ui'r the law und
.ii- h 1 P i iur D.-i.ji tint-lit
- u . f '. 1 U. t- alti.weii. will
p.s.u a - -.,Hnu: In a1 tin- nli.wi im-ti
liiiiud 1 1 in- aud lie io i r". e itiii i. ih
Mil li-.-t . .i .1 c i, . i I 1 1 i i ti r I
. i t i t Ii t ' i. I1, . h ,, 1 I
. Ill hi
U M. tl
I
it 'i
i
2: EbSt.VLiu3.f
.lob Curies, Olo Deidrieks.iu Monroe I'p- F;6r3J
dyke and .lames McNutt , all ot fine valley , 3tAJm4a
Oregon. $$&rWA'&
Any persm, who desires to protect a-.,lnst gyMfe'
tho allowance ot such proof, or w ho ku iw.s UmmXvM
of anv substantial rcafon. under the law MWSMiW
-MB
E11 53
3
O
.irrr.ei
-3
a
E
or S-CoL Folio, $725.
VALMHIt t ItKV will allow von more for
Coast. All Typo Sold at Eastern Prices.
1 tV. W L' Xi. U a
Printer's Supply Depot,)
Portland, Oregon.
!WW3EISW3
Thomson & Pmrel an; agents for
tho celebrated Cyclone WiinDIill, and
as the prices on them have been great
ly reduced they aro now within the
reach of all. Sample mill to be seen
at their planer hi North Union. Call
and examine it.
ANSWPU TO INtJl'IM'S, 91,00
BSPORT OH SmiES, MUTE STS, $3.00
PrMttring Und FtUaU. rilinj Araumtats.
mi Cinucuag Cmimii, e.i Mtrilo
tif. SMd lr (weutr u
TT!31TPT N, COPP,
'AAdHtr'QTOW, D. O.
,frit ni.r ' I (W lifilUlh fiuljj
I.IHIH,,". I,. 'Ofc lftJ(.
AANDS MINES
9