WOMAN AND HOME.
A CHILD WITHOUT PET ANIMALS
A SOLITARY BEING.
IS
tJso of Toilet Soap SoniothltiR Store Thnn
Iloiisokonplnt; A Farmer's Jtllnluk
Children' Friendship What City VUy
Irian Tell Tho Chicago Dally News,
"The effects of anger uioii tho liutnnn milk
"may nanin ho likened to tue effect of
thunderstorm tipoit' the dairy. Both oro in
effect electrical storms, only human passion
has in it a moru refined evil thnn inero acid
Tho mora violent und crazy tho anger tho
greater tho dancer. As ono may liecomo ac
customed to largo and repeated doses of
opium, so, no doubt, nil infant imiv (other
circumstances fuvoring) become somewhat
insured nainst the iwrnlcious electa of milk
that is subject to more or lcs frequent
storms of passion, but if tho child does escnpo
severe and dangerous physical illness, it will
hardly, in tho transforming of milk to flesh
escapo a most undesirable inheritance pf
chani' ter. A general In itahility, bad tem
per tho result of trials jioorly stood up to
mentally may keep tho balto in constant
unrest, and no ono knows what ails tho buby,
ho is so cross.
"What has loeii said of anger may bo said
of tho other unhappy emotions, impressing
tho child after their kind, not always percept
ibly but iiono tho less surely. On tho con
trary, states or love, joy. pence, etc., act as
most powerful tonics, and physiological action
goes on under their stimulus in perfection
Thin tho secretions are, us it were, happy;
digestion and assimilation take plnco in tho
mother harmoniously and unconsciously, and
tho milk becomes iwrfeet in its properties, tho
lmbo literally druwiug in health, happiness
and eaee." Dr. T. 1'. Mills.
I-I.CA FOIl THK UOTTI.K.
"It needs no nrgumout to show that infants
in afl probability derive a largo amount of
jKwitive exhilaration from tho net associated
with nursing, and tho inference is plain that
tho deprivation may entail considerable dis
advantage. It has always scorned to mo
cruel to thus early cut off tho ptensurcs of
life, Iho Ixiltlo and Its appurtenances,
moreover, can bo kept clean, but not without
tho employment of a good deal more timonr'
-caio than is usually bestowed upon it. Tho
liottlo r.ud ulpplo should bo nirorded a brush
of its own. Were I, in order to bo explicit,
to glvo directions for denning a nursing
bottle, I should say wash both bottle and
ulpplo well reparately in plain water. Then
foak them both for ilvo minutes in a 2 xr
rout, solution of borax in water, scrub theni
both with tho aid of tho brush, borax water
.Mid soap. Tho nipplo should bo turned in
sido out and scrubbed. Klnso them till well
novcrnl times in plain water. Hang tho
bottlo and ulpplo separately in a dry place
until needed.
"Another point of importanco often over
looked (3 tho jwresslty of giving to infants
occasionally como water to drink. During
tho hot weather, when evaporation from tho
body goss 0:1 eo fast, nothing will satisfy tho
demands ol tho body, ovon of nn infant, so
well na rv drink of cood, plain, puro water."
Ir. KobciS Tiller.
, DAi;onns that beset.
I "Undo: tho cncrvuilng influence of great
lioa loirJoncJca toward donth, dormant bo
fore, bscomo potent. Tho weak link in tho
' chain is brokon. Whatever tho predisposition
to di3?as3 may bavo been, tho depression of
licatua tho oxelting factor bocomcs tho 'last
foathor that bivak's tho camel's back.' Tho
"higher tho animal tho greater nro tho dangers
that beset early life, Ix-causo tho period of
liolplcrsticss is prolonged in tho ratio of special
intelligence, Parental intelligence docs not
keep psco with racial tendencies, however;
evident enough when wo find that:
"1. Iuf'iuts nro fed upon starchy food before
1belr callvary glands nro dovoloped, und at
tempts nro mado to rniso babies upon beer,
lieof, griddlo cakes, potatoes, skint milk, sour
mill;, or even If the milk b'j good it is often
drawn from unclean bottles.
"A Tho twocnlrcmcM of wealth and poverty
cause neglect of offspring. In tho ono caso
careless nurses aro intrusted with tho infant,
nnd In tho other neglect is unavoidable.
"3. Zyniotlo diseases Icavu as bcquclro scrof
ulous or fomo other depresseil condition that
only needs tho push of txhaustlou, however
induced, grnvownrd.
"Parents should know that milk is tho only
proper food for young children, and that
coarso animal and vcgetnblo diet is hurtful
in any season and especially so in hot weather.
Patont medicines and foods csiooiully sooth
ing sirups, that always contain op uiu help
tho llttlo onui out or tho world." Dr. H. V.
Clovcngor.
KEEDINO INFANTS.
"Co tho food ever so wholosomo in quality
it must Iki perfectly clean, Probably us
ninny babied din from good tnllk and food
tluit has soured und becomo tainted by ex
posuro as tlio from want of tho right food.
Many a physicinu will rofuso to allow an
ill foil woman to wean her baby; what mat
ter though ho knows her milk fj not tho best
for tho child, but at least it is clean and is
not tainted when it readies tho stomach,
" 'Boll u tcuspooiiful of powdered barley in
a pint or a pint and a half of water, with a
llttlo Eult, until barley is cooked. Lcao it
etnnd, woll covered; when settled skim nil
impurities from tho top carefully and strain;
mis with an equal quantity of boiled milk if
baby is 0 months old, or only one-half milk if
.less than 0 mouths. Older babies more inlik,
.Keep bottlo and mouthpieeo in bowl of water J
when not In use. When lutby Is costive use
oatmoal instead of iwirley. Infants of tl
mouths may have beef tea or soup once u
tlay, Babies of 10 or 12 months may huvo
crust of IiiimkI and pioco of raro beef to buck.'
"Tho ultovo rjro sulwtautially the directions
for feeding infants presented by Dr. Jaeobl
to the Publlo Health association of New
York, and t.ieso rules have slneo by experi
ence been found correct nnd proper to follow.
Your chllil may need other food if It does not
thrive; go und ask your doctor what to give
it before it fulls sick." Dr. Ferdinand Hen
rot In.
THK CI.OTIIIMO,
In my experience the first wrong thing I
notlco is tho clothing of the child. Until a
child is well wist the critical ptrlod of twill
ing llauuel should always be worn over tho
bowuls, und merino stockings should lie kept
on tho year around, kuiuiiiit and winter,
"Wool or bilk next the skin prevents suddmi
nrruot of perspirntiou, and mothers should
remember ulwuys one truth; The freer tho
jiersplmtlou the greutor the danger of oven a
blight chilling of the surface, Tlio babies
from whom tho sweat just rolls olf nro
al way 8 tlio ones more liable to the dreaded
summer complaint," Dr. Kate Ij. Uraves.
Cbllilreu niul 1'ct Aiilmnli.
A child brought up without tho knowledgo
of petuuimaU Is a solitary Mug, no matter
if thero be brother nnd ulsters, while u child
who has uuluiuU to tend Is never qulto alone,
A dog is of itself n liberal education, with it
example of lldulity, uuwearlwl activity, rluvi
fulfyiuMthy,niid love stranger than death,
amy, love that is triumphant over khamo and
and ignominy and fcin influences that o
often wear out bunion love or make itch.tngo
. to bate. How many of u hold to our f riemli
with n lovo as Inexhaustible nnd inextinguish
nblo as that which our dog gives to iisf Tho
child especially finds in tho faithful crcnturo
much of Its own impulslvo and anient h'e;
tl delisht In llttlo things, tho ready curiosity.
tho ceaseless activity, tho quick changes of
occupation, tho unabated interest ill existence.
Kittens, again, seem sent to glvo to a child
Just what th log leaves out; tho more re
filled ways, tho soft playfulness, tho gcntlo
domesticity, Urn willingness to be tended and
petted. Kittens alout the house supply tho
fcninllcr punctuation in tho book of Hfo; their
llttlo frisks and leaps ond pats aro tho com
mas and semicolons and dashes, whllo tho big
dog puts in the colons nnd periods.
Animals, ngnlu, givo to us, even by what
they receive nnd evoko from us, tho habit of
enro nnd tenderness. Thoso petted dogs wo
seo carried in tho nrms of young girls in
fashionable equipages aro rarely a'.ulstftuto
for tho natural ofijeet of such emotion, they
nro rather a preparation or iutcrincdlato pos
nesslon that precedes it; something that is
tunro than n doll and less than a human child.
Sir. Carnegie tells us that ho saw at a largo
Now York stable 11 card nailed up giving for
tho coachman the address of tho proper phy
sician to bo culled upon if tho fnvorito dog
should Lo ill. He also tells as of n young
lady who, having to go on a journey, had to
lenvo her fnvorito collio to some ono's special
attention, nnd Mr. Cnrnegio suggested that
as ho hail civen her the dog, it might Ik per
fectly safe to loavo her with him, "or rather
with Jack nnd tho hoi-sc." with a gravo
shako of tho head, she answered, "I hnvo
thought of that; but it won't do; ho requires
n woman's care." Here tho woman nnd the
fnvorito met on equal terms; neither could
do without tho other. Tho enro given by tho
young girl was simply tho anticipated ten
derness of n mother lor a child.
Tho self control that must bo learned in
dealing with animals is in itself nn education.
Ono of the child's first lesions in governing
Its Impulses is when it tinds that tho kitten
cannot bo caught by rt'nuing and shouting.
but by quiet nnd measured approaches. I lie
control of anlnuils, froui the lamb to the
Hon, is not 11 matter of force, but of gentle
ness nnd n steady eye. Impulses that seem
tho very strongest in aiiimal-i, as tlio disposi
tion of dogs to chase cats or bite, can be bet
ter overcome by accustoming them very early
to tho sight nnd touch of the weaker crea
tures than by any blows. All this is a lesson
to tho child, ami it unconsciously learns the
application to itself. In days when oxen
wero employed largely 011 our farms it used
to bo a common thing nt n 'cattlo show" to I
sco somo sunburnt farmer's boy drivo in n
yoko of half grown steers, and win tho ud- t
miration ut all tho men by. tho gentlo skill 1
with which ho handled them. On n farm 1
near my summer homo thero Is n fine bull,
which is better controlled and led by n boy of
13 than by anybody else. Their surely is, as
Ileino savs, nn occult sympathy between
children and animals, as between two races
not sundered very long ago. T. W. Higgln
bou in Harper's Duzur.
Use or Toilet Snap.
Tho opinion that of such a necessary article
as Boup for tho toilet 0110 can't usu too much,
is an opinion which Into researches in science
disprovo. Tho nttrnction of tho nlkali in it
for tho oil of tho skin as well as for its un
clean accumulations, constitutes its cleansing
property. Out of tho 7,000,000 pores through
which nearly two ixnttids of poisonous ex
halation daily pans from tho adult, come
enough materials in a short Unto to produce
fatal and filthy diseases. An eminent physi
cian has doclared that "if tho skin bo moder
ately active, threo or four days sullleo to
fotm a layor which may bo compared to a
thin coating of varnish or sizing." As this
accumulation increases and decomposition
follows it is not nocossary to describo tho re
sult. Wlintngoncy buttionpean remove it?
Many good authorities doclaro that water
alono is sufficient, except nt raro intervi.i.
Thero nro oil glands as woll as excretory
ducts, and for no idlo purposohai nature pro-
uced theso tiny humnn oil wells. Inunction,
or the external uo of oil, has a recognized
placo anuv.tg the proscriptions of some famous
modern physicians, who in this way seek to
restore Uiat necessary property of which tho
bojj has lieon deprived by tho excessive use
of soap or bv disease. They claim th-t it
enables tho patient to resist cold, that its
nutritive qualities convey bent to thoso or
gans which require It, that it gives 11 sense of
exhilarating freshness, and that it is not only
soothing in ensos of nervous depression,
but it is capable of strengthening weak lungs.
For this purpose almond oil, eoeoanut, olivo
oil or vaseline are daily applied by tho aid of
vigorous rubbing. To nil such treatment and
n most cases wheto inunction is not required,
tho daily application of soaps is injurious.
"What uncleanly habit.sr some ono ex
laims. Not so. Plenty of soft water, a
coarse wash rag, band friction and a Turkish
tovtol, with soup applied at rare intervals,
and tho skin should tetaiii thodclicatosmooth
tics of ait infant. Those milk bulbs indulged
11 by the ancient llouinn emperors and cm
iresses owed their emollient properties to
the oil contained in the mill;, hvery old
nurse, knows, too, that wcukly children are
sometimes Injured by too frequent ablutions.
Dry rubbing is ofb'ii the safest opinto for u
nervous little one, nusworing many of the
purposes of son p.
An eminent physician and scici.tist lately
told mo that ho seldom used soap in his daily
bath. "It makes tho skin dry, hard and
hnnh, and renders me much moro Hablo to
take cold through any changes of the
weather," said ho. "At tho same time, no
rule can lx given for the soap. Borne jor
Bons secrete oil much more readily than
others, nnd to such soap Is more of a neces
sity," nnd ho spoke much upon the desirabil
ity of using n pure soap or nono nt nil. Hes
ter M. Poolo in Good Housekeeping,
Eometliliiff More Than n Housekeeper.
A wife nnd mother needs to bo moro than a
good housekeeer; she must lio in all things
tho mistress of the house, tho companion of
her lut'ibniul nnd children. Now, what kind
of 11 companion to anybody Is a woman who
hall wruppod up in her housework! Tho
children ask her questions ubout something
that has taken place, probably in her own
vicinity, that any one would bo supposed to
know, and nro sent to tho father for informa
tion. They very soon come to tho conclusion
that mother isn't supHsed to know anything
outside of housekeeping, and do not trouble
her by many questions. The father conies
homo with n glowing account of nn event
thnt U taking place in which ho is very much
interested, und is nil enthusiasm over it. He
wnuts somebody to talk to about it, but ho
has learned long ngo thnt his wife has no in
terest in anything outside of her housekeep
ing, and ho soon learns to llnd his entertain
1110 nt elsewhere.
Visitor conio to tho house, very often
women who ni familiar with all the imssiug
events, and she wonder why her husband niul
children ore so much brighter and Interesting
with company than when alone. Those
women very often uro not w hat she would
call model housewives, yet their families are,
as n General thing, moro contented with their
homes than all her housekeeping ability can
ever mako hers. People who have known
her for a long time, rouieuiberinf how enter
taining she was nan gill, wonder why It U she
Is o much different. They ask her to sing or
play, but ko cxciucd herself with. "I haveu't
played for years, I have had to much to do I
really haven't hod tlmo to practice." This is
too bad for n woman who nctualiysquanders
tlmo in unnecessary work, to admit not hav
ing time to practice an accomplishment that
would bo a delight to her family and friends.
Then, women, don't get completely envel
oped in your housework. Kcmember, you
owe moro to your family ond friends than
merely a clean house. Find out what is go
ing on about you outside of your own neigh
borhood. Tako an interest in whatever In
terests your families. It may bo only a
baseball game or a yacht race that both
father nnd llttlo ones nro enthusiastic over.
Then Jeani all you can about it; find out tho
names of tho rival clubs or yachts and tako n
lively part in the family conversation. To
do this will require but a few minutes each
day, nnd you will bo well repaid by hnving a
pleasant, enjoynblo home, n homo that hus
band nnd children will prizo far above n
"spick and span'' one. Boston Budget.
A Turnier' Mlstnke.
I know a well to do fanner, having eight
children, who, as soon as they are old enough
to supp&t Hicm'clves, loavo their home. Of
the flvo boys, not 0110 remains on tho farm.
Thor havo gone to clerkship and other posi
tions, in pi eferenco to staying on tho much
despised farm, A glanco in tho homo may
account Fome what for this. There never has
been any effort to make it attractive for tho
children. The parents' aim has been to work
md save, with scarcely a thought that their
.iillihen lind any other needs than food and
clothing. They aro active, bright minded
boys and girls. It is no wonder that tho dull
lies and monotony becomo unendurable.
This fanner does not hesitnto to spend
money in farm improvements, in flno stock,
or in anything that will advauco his financial
interest.; but any outlay for the children's
pleasuro is regarded as unnecessary und ox
tin vagal it.
Children cannot feel that sense of proprie
torship in the farm and its piollts thnt is a
stimulant to tho bends of the household, and
something is needed to tnko its place. Homo
personal property, even If a chicken or a pig,
is n strong incentive. Children nre sportive
by nature all young animals aro and some
diversion is essential for leisuio horn's; other
wise their minds will wander oil' and dwell on
tho nttraclions supposod to pertain to village
and city life.
If children lovo music and nn organ or
piano cannot be afforded, let them havo
smaller nnd lcs expensive instruments. Many
nn hour might bo soiit in tho happiest way
by a boy in bis droits to perforin on the
yiolin or accordion, that would otherwise
suss discontentedly or in hurtful compan
ionship. A few dollars each year invested In rending
natter will not only supply pleasant employ
.110 1 1 1 for leisure hours, but the menus of
mental improvement as well. There aro so
many excellent entertaining publications for
tho young, and nt such low prices, that no
family in which thero aro children should bo
without ono or more. American Agricul
turist. Children' friouilslilps.
Children are npt to seek the society of
other children nt about the sixth year of
their ages. This should bo a watchful period
for tho parents, ns friendships contracted nt
this time havo a very decided influence on tho
mind, morals and manners of their child.
Nearly every child is influenced for good or
evil through early associations. If allowed
to lio constantly with thu nurse, their lan
guage and manners will, in nearly oveiy cose,
bo identical with those of tho nurse. A
mother should spcnd.thi greater portion of
ovory day in tho society of her children. If
to rid herself of their noiso sho permits them
to seek companions outside, she has no ono to
blnme but herself if their manners nnd morals
nro corrupted. All children require compan
ionship of thoso of their own age, but it is
very agential that tho parents should chooso
theso companions'.
Children can bo readily taught to bo ncnt
nnd tidy in their habits by example prin
cipally, for they iir.itnto closely tho notions of
their elders. A closet or other convenient
placo should bo given then; exclusively for
their toys, provided thero is no playroom;
then let (t 1m understood that when play is
ended nil toys nro to bo returned to their
proper place. If this rule is disregarded, tho
withdrawal of a fnvorito toy for a time, us
punishment, usunlly has the desired effect of
causing them to bo moro careful in tho
future. This dovico may have to bo resorted
to moro thnn once, but it usually N success
ful In tho end. Mrs. F.llis I Mumma in
Good Housekeeping. '
Sweetmruls mill Pastry.
It was recreation hour at both tho Poly
technic and Central grammar school. Streams
of Iniys emerged from both institutions ami
at once mado for a neighboring bakery.
lhcro they gorged themselves with sweet
meats and pastry of every description.
Wizen faced little chaps of 13 nnd 11 tncklo
pies nenrly an largo ns their bends, while
their older classmates gavo attention to tho
festive cranberry tart, tho latter Mug com
posed of heavily sweetened cranberries nnd
partly clone dough. Occasionally ono of tho
moro adventurous boys sneaked out of tho
bakery nnd in some secluded spot lighted a
cignretto, which he smolod till tho l!3:o0 bell
called him back to school.
Pastry, insulllciently cooked, nnd cigarettes
ninko a poor combination. Fond mothers
wonder why their boys havo no appetite for
dinnor nt night niul vainly try to guess tho
reason. Did they provido their sons in the
morning with an amply stocked lunch box
containing delicacies which would charm tho
palate of tho urchin, they would llnd that the
latter would have better nppctites for tho
evening menl. Instead, however, many boys
aro given so much money each morning to
piy their expenses for the day. This includes
tho price of luncheon and car fare. Business
men sometimes becomo dysepties by eating
too fast, but it is unfortunate that youths
nnd young men just leaving school should
ruin their digestions before entering com
mercial life. Brooklyn Eagle,
Objections lo the Corset.
It Is rather funny that there nro no women
in this world so healthy ns tho English
women, and ho women who lace so much.
The French women nnd tho Atnericnn have
naturally broader hips nnd smaller waist, so
thnt mudi lacing is not required for them to
gain the ftishlonublo tlgure. But tho English
woman, with her narrow hips and broad
shoulders, needs to make her waist smaller
to achieve that which she desires, nnd yet
Svhero uro thero women who bring into tho
world n liner set of men than the English
wcmenl I think that is ono of tho very an
swers to tho objections to the corset. The
flnest sxei!iuMH, physically, of Englishmen
are not what n clever girl called "tailor made,"
but to coin an expivssion, "mother made."
"Bab" in New York Star.
Keep all the apparatus for cleansing lamps
on an old tray, nnd never use rags, brushes,
scissors, or any of tho articles for any other
purjHiso than trimming lamp.
Nover scrub oilcloth with a brush, but
after Mng swept it may be eleaued by wash
ing with n soft Uauncl cloth and lukewarm
water or cold tea
IN THE FLY GALLERY.
HOW A SPECTACULAR PLAY LOOKS
FROM THE SKY.
Slnslc nnd Applmon Hoard from Afar.
Men Who ltoll tlio Curtain A fan t un
tie firoiip Smoke from tlio It eel Light
of Hades.
"Follow mo nnd you'll get thero; but I'll
tell you nt tho beginning, that you'ro going
into n strange region.' Thi9 was tho remnrk
of Frank Spanglcr, head "flyman," as ho
opened the rear door of the Grand Oira
stago and began to climb tho narrow stairs
leading to tho "fly gnklcry," which is lo
cated so far nfovo every other visiblo part of
tho theatre that few people know that such a
plains exist It wns a curious looking place.
A long narrow sholf extending along on tho
right sido of the stage, nnd ns ono looked down
through tho confusion of ropes, borders nnd
Hies at tho crowd of half costumed actors
hurrying hero and there and everywhero
behind tho scenes, It is really a new phaso of
tho theatro nnd for tho first night it is really
prefernblo to 11 seat in the orchestra.
Running through tho center of tho gallery
is tho "tlo rail," to which is fustenod nn al
most innumerable nuinlier of ropes run up
through the rigging lofts and attached to
t'eo various parts of the scenery that is to lo
rnised nnd lowered during tho play. A sailor
ought to feci very much nt home in tho lly
gallery, for the work nnd tho way It is dono
is very much like handling n ship's sails.
JtUHIO FUOJI AFAR
A dozen men aro strung up along by the
sido of tho railing looki ng down nt tho prepar
ations that aro lioing mado on the utago for
tho first act. Tho orchestra strikes up tho
overture, but it has such a strange, subdued
sound, that ono can hardly imngino that it is
tho Kimq music that ho has hoard in tho utidi
torinm. Finally tho stage is ull ready, the
first warning whistlo comes up through tho
pipe, tho two curtain men spring to their
places by tho largo windlass on which the
curtain ropo is coiled, tho lcll strikes, and
they begin hauling nnd turning and hauling
as if their lives deponded on tho rapidity of
their movements. "It's a mighty nico thing,"
said ono of tho curtain men to tho reporter,
"to sit out thero nnd watch that curtain roll
up nnd so gracefully, but if they knew that
this was what did it" (wiping a flood of per
spiration from his face) "I don't boliovo tlioy
would enjoy It quite so much."
Tho curtain is up. The heated breath from
tho audience, tho odor of perfumes, tho ;".. -II
of cosmetics nnd stago paint, and nil the
scents of tho placo riso at onco into tho space
abovo the stago and nt llrst it is almost
stifling to tho person who is accustomed to
breathing tho air of tho intermedinto re
gions. "All hands ready!" is tho command of
"Captain" Browu, nnd a dozen baro armed
men spring to tho ropes ready to raise or
lower such parts of tho sconory as tho first
act requires. "Arch sky up!" ho shouts (tho
audlenco below do not hear it, of course) anil
at different points ulong tho rail tho ropes
aro seized and hauled 111, hand over band,
until the "sky" is raised out of sight, nnd
then tho ropo is hitched over the rail pin and
the men drop back on tho rail to wait tho
noxt change;
a nncATiiiNo srcLU
At last comes a breathing spell for tho men
in tho Hies. Tho four acrobats aro going
through their performance on tho front part
ot tho stage, whilo the fairy queen nnd tho
devil, with their followers, nro waiting bo
hind tho scenes for their next appearance in
tho lower regions. Looking down at them
from tho flyman's perch they nro indeed a
fantastic group. Tho chief of tho Spanish
cavaliers bos stretched out on Ir.s lmek bal
nncing tho Queen's pasteboard throno on his
feet. Ono of the devil's horns had just got
misplaced and the fairy quesn holds tho
mammoth sandwich, which sho is eating, be
tween her teeth, while sho rcuches up on tip-
too and adjusts his majesty s demoniacal
head gear in just ns freo a niunner a.s if sho
wero the devil's servant instead of tho great
queen of the fairies.
Two whistles through tho pipe1, another
quick pull nt tho ropes and tho stago lielow is
instantly transformed into tho regions of
darkness. Tho stieetntors in tho auditorium
ice tho horrlblo picture of hades on the stage,
but tho poor fellows in tlio ily gallery get tho
full force of it. Tho thick smoke from tho
red lights rolls up through tho scenery uutil
tho men at tho ropes aro almost suffocated by
tho poisonous fumes, and nro somotimes
forcod to spell ono another by going below
for fresh air.
The whole dramatic world is under tho eye
if tho flyman. Ho ought to bo n good critic,
for at nil events ho has an opportunity of see
ing all sides of nn nctor and all phases of the-
itricnl life. Buffalo Jowa.
The Metnl f the future.
"Twenty-five cents a pound for aluminum"
moans an economic revolution. Its applica
tions wo do not as yet fully know, but it is
Mulldontly prodicted to bo the metal of most
iraetieul application in tho future. Its.
strength surpasses iron and steel, whilo it is
ilmost uncorrodablo. Gases, acids and water
Jo not tarnish it, whilo heat docs not chango
its color. It is thu best known conductor of
icat, also of electricity. It is very ductile
mil easily worked, while it is lighter than
.01110 of our harder woods. A leading scion
.1st sums up our knowledgo of it as "tho
ightost, easiest worked, strongest, most dura
ale and generally most valuablo of all metals;
mil tho man who invents a methods of mak
ing it cheaply will revolutionize industry."
Only ono year ago Henry Gary Baird pub
lished a look on aluminum, telling every
thing known on tho subject, Tho prico nt
that tlmo was projected to lio f 7 a pound, by
a now process of reduction; but tho promise
of thnt process was never realizod Practi
cally the motal has so far rested nt about $1
U-oy ounce, or fl'J a pound. If tho Castrier
method prove a success, it becomes as cheap
metal as it is widely applicable to mechan
ical and domestic uses. It Likes but a twelve
month to make our knowledgo of such mat
ters antiquated. Glolo-Dtuuocrat,
TptltiliiB the Children of Criminal.
In a letter on tho employment of criminal
children, published a few years ago, from
tlio pen of Mr, Isaac Ashe, president of tho
Central Criminal asylum of Dundrum, Dub
lin, he expresses that if the child of tho
clover forger lo taughtdraughtsmanship the
hereditary proclivity to a criminal uso of nn
Instinctive faculty, so called, is directed into
nn aualogous yet healthy channel, with tho
hopeful results of curing a tendency for
crime nnd of making a skillful artisan. If
tho children of generations of plekpocketa
bo taught to uso their criminally deft fingers
and delicate touch In somo handicraft requir
ing a special capacity of linger, such as
watchmaking, the healthy function is found
for a nervoui proclivity and a muscular ap
titude which would otherwise fairly work
itself out In tho criminal acta to which Its
very existence forms an almost irresistible
temptation. But to attempt to abrogate ut
terly or eradicate a criminal tendency with
out such utilization of it In a healthy direo
te.... u -i- -
POTTER PALMER'S OLD PROMISE.
An
Old Ornnser Ilrlngs tho Chlcngo
Hotel Jinn a Queer Old Note.
An old man with a fringe of white beard
all around his face, a big bald spot on tho
top of his head, and a heavy oaken stick in
ljis hand, walked Into tho Palmer house
jhrly ono morning, eyed tho handsome
clerks suspiciously for a fow momenta and
then blurted out:
"Say, young man, Is this Potter Palm
er's tavernf"
Being assured that it was ho put his oak
stick upon the ofilco counter in a familiar
way, and continued:
"I want to sco Mr. Palmer."
Ho was told that Mr. Palmer had not yet
reached tho house, this intelligence cnusing
tho old man to wonder that a landlord with
such a splendid hotel should want any j
other liouso to livo in. For half an hour
ho patiently awaitod tho arrival of tho land-;
lord, but, after fidgeting about in his chair '
for awhile, again broko out with: I
"Say, young man, moblxs you can attend I
to tho "little business for Mr. Palmer. I'vo I
got a note of his'n I want him to pay, an'
I'm in a hurry to catch a train. Fact is, I
stopped over in Chicago on pu'poso to collect
this noto. Hero it is."
'And from tho depths of an ancient nnd
timo honored pocket book tho old man ,
drow forth a piceo of thin, cheap paper, n
good deal worn, and bearing upon its fneo
in cheap printing, w ith n bit of inartistic
coloring in tho ornamental designs, ono of
Potter Palmer's promises to pay.
"Is that good for twenty-llvo ccnt3?"
inquired tho old man.
"I don't know nnything nboutit,"wns
tho astonished clerk's reply. "I never saw
anything liko thnt before. Mr. Palmer
nover gavo mo authority to pay his notes.
But still I think that ho is ablo to pay it,
and probably will if you will wait till ho
comes. ' ' 1
Tho old man waited as patiently ns ho
could until tho landlord of tho Palmer .
came in from his castlo 011 tho shore.
"Why, bless my eyes," said Potter P., I
as tho queer old noto was handed to him, 1
"I thought nil of theso were in nnd paid up
long ago. The terms of the issue, sir, wero
that tho bills would b redeemed when pre
sented in sums of f 1 or over, but I guess I'll
waivo that and redeem tho note. Here,
Townsend, givo tho man 11 quurtcr and 1
chnrgo it to my account. Stay, ilguro up
tho interest at $ per cent, for twenty-four
years and let him havn tho wliolo sum. I
guess that It tho last of my old dry goods
notes. You remember, boys, thnt at tho
beginning of tho war wo had no fractional
currency. Tho silver coin w. s all hoarded,
nnd the government paper scrip had not
como out. Every firm printed its own. I
was in tho dry goods business on I.ako '
street then, and I had to issue thousands of
pieces of scrip in order to carry on business
at all. Other merchants did tho samo."
Chicago Journal.
Tho ICeproduclnp; Jllrror.
1 wns inlornicil tlio oilier any hy a mem
ber of tlio Academy of Sciences that ex-,
pcrinients which M. Pictet and Dr. It.ioul 1
Duvernny havo been making during tho
last five years bavo at Inst been crowned :
witli success, and that theso two distin-,
guished men of science aro now nblo to con
struct mirrors in which old impressions enn ,
nt nny time bo reproduced nt will, nnd tin I
mirrors bo forced to yield up the history of
nil thnt has taken plnco within a room
sinco ono of them has hung thero in such a
position as to command a fair viow of tho
apartment. Tlio full secret of tho process
through which theso tull-talo contrivances
are constructed has not fully been nindoj
public, though it is pretty generally under
stood thnt tho mirrors depend for
effect upon tho peculiar action of
thcir
light
upon selenium, tho metal by means of
which, when fortified by aid of electricity,
it is now possible to rcproduco in light and
shade, nt ono end of a long wire, a photo
graph exposed nt tho other extremity. Tho
latter contrivnnco has been perfecting for
tho last ten years at least, but now, as i
I recently rend in La Naturo. it lias been '
brought so near to tho end cV"sireil that it i
will como to work satisfactorily nnd
cheaply when a litllo moro ingenuity shall , rived from it nro not, tho essayist said, any
have been expended upon it. ' part of the language of refinement among
Tho uses to which this contrivnnco may 1 tho Dutch. The primary word is a low word,
bo put must readily suggest themselves to 1 used by the mob; it is slang of rather a vilo
tho reader. Tho instrument may bo so jort. A gentleman might think hiinsolf jus
eonstructcd that no ono can nt sight dis- ' titled in using it under great provocation, or
tbiguish it from nn ordinnry mirror, nnd , lmid very exciting circumstances, but it
in duo timo it can bo mado to yield up its tvould not bo ordinarilv a lwu-t of his kiw1.
story, incident after incident, of all thnt
has taken placo before it crime, love,
villainy, Intrigue all shall bo read in tho
open light of day. Paris Cor. New York
Times.
A Mnlier of l'idillo Hows.
In n quiet street uptown, I recently saw !
a trim looking young man shaping a fiddle 1
bow at tho window of a snug littlo cottage. ,
Ho informed mo that ho worked entirely
to order, and gave mo the names of a num
ber of prominent amateur and professional
violinists and teachers who aro hi3 patrons.
Ho is always well ahead with orders. A
fow years 110 ho was a journeyman in n
factory. Being of an ingenious turn he
worked nt homo nnd turned out a number
of bows thnt were of a fnr superior order '
to nny manufactured at tho b-meli. Ho !
found n ready salo for theso among the in
strument dealers, and having saved enough
money to start himself he abandoned tho
factory forover.
"I can mako as good a bow as Yuil
lnume, " said he, proudb', "if any one will
order it of ma. But people who can afford
or more for a bow believo they can't bo
got here. My customers pay mo from $10
to .$20 for a bow. I could run a house
full of journoymen and make money. But
I am satisfied to keep nt tho higher priced
bows and mako less. I expect to see tho
timo whon I can get as much for n stick
ns nny mnker in tho world, nnd tho ouly
wny I can get thero is by doing only tho
best work nnd improving it wheroven I
can." Alfred Trumblo in Now York Nows.
Kxtcnt of London Sownrs.
There wore, in 18.55, 2,800 miles of sow- '
ers in Ixmdon, of which about ninetv miles
wero main intercepting sewers. The milo
ago is of course, constantly being added, to
as now roails aro opened up and houses bffilt.
Tho total cost of tho main drainage works
was estimated nt -1,100,000; 318,000,000
bricks and 880,000 cubic yards of concerto
wero consumod and 3,500,000 cubio yards
of earth removed In the progress of tho
work. Tho sowago on tho north sido of
tho Thames Is over 10,000,000 cubio feet
icr day, and that on the south sido over
5,000,000. In nddition to this, provision is
nvulo for 28,500,000 cubio feet of rainfall
per day on the north sido nnd 17,250,000 !
on tho south side, tho total being equivalent
10 a 111K0 luteen tunes as largo as tho Ser
pentine. This great work was formally
inaugurated April 4, 1SC5. Tho area drained
is about 117 square miles, Chicago Tri
bune. A Correction.
Office Boy I couldn't get In throuch
tho door so I cltim in tho window.
Employer (with a significant emphasis on
tho "clum") Youclum in tho window, did
yu'
"Well, cllm, than." Tld Itfu.
YANKEE DOODLE.
HISTORICAL
THE
FACTS IN REGARD
ANCIENT TUNE.
TO
Synopsis of nn Essay Itend Ilcforn tho
Historic Gcncnlof-lcnl Society of ltos
ton Orlcln of tho Word "Yankee."
Tho Trlmary KxprcMlnn.
At n recent meeting of tho Historic Geno
ilogical society Dr. Georgo H. Moore, of
New York, was Introduced to road an essay
on "Tho Origin ot Ynnkeo Doodle." Tho
tunc, he said, is familiar all over tho known
world, nnd tho phraso "Yankee Doodle" is on
tho lips ono timo or another- of all English
speaking ioople; but of tho origin of it fow
people know anything.
In considering tho question it is manifest
that t,hcro nro two elements in it, 0110 being
tho meaning and derivation of tho word
Yanko?, and tho other of the song and tune.
Ono explanation given of tho word Ynnkeo
dates lack ns far as 1713. when there was a
, farmcr vins nt Calnbri(,K0 n;un0(1 jonftthan
Hastings. Ho was n familiar acquaintance
of tho collego students of that jieriod, and it
was reputed that ho invented tho word.
At any rate ho used it constantly in tho
presence of students and others as an adverb
to signify a high degreo of excellence for
cxnmple, "a Yankee good horse," "Ynnkeo
good cider." This use, it is said, tho students
adopted, and after leaving collego spread tho
knowledgo of it in places near nnd distant.
Its first ap2earnneo on record, so far as tho
essayist know, is of date 173.), when an ad
vertisement appeared of the saleof thoeffects
of an English gentleman in Morpeth, Eng
land. Ono item of the list was, "Ono negro,
named 'Yankee.'" Many, plausible sugges
tions have been made, some in earnest and
somo apparently in a frolicsomo spirit, that
tho word is of Indian origin. By somo it has
been traced to tho Cherokee Indians nnd by
others to thoso of Now England. Among
thoso who manifest sinoerity in this way tlio
essayist mentioned the author of a history of
tho Moravian missionaries in 1818, a writer
in tho North American Ileview about tho
samo time, nnd of moro recent date, Dr.
Trumbull, tho philologist.
The theory is that "Ynnkeo" is an attempt
of tho Indians to pronounce tho word "Eng
lish." Tho cs.sayist held thut these are mis
taken judgments 011 the cato and that tho
writers have been misled by a resemblance,
real or fancied, in the sound of certain In
dian words. Ho held it to bo impossible to
believe that the word is of Indian origin,
when it is considered that none of tho early
accounts of tho dealing of ..Into men with
Indians, from tlu? Fifteenth century forward,
make any mention of it. Neither dipt.
John .Smith, nor tho father of New England,
nor Itoger Williams, nor John Eliot, nor
Hutchinson, nor Belknap ever appear to
havo heard of such a suggestion.
Tho essayist found n perfectly intolligiblo
and natural explanation of tho origin and
primary significance of tho word in tho
Dutch word, of which tho substnntivo form is
"jankcr" and the form of tho verb "janken."
The meaning of tho verb is to grumble, to
snarl, to quarrel, to scold; tho meaning of
tho noun is a howler, a crier, a weeper, a
barker. As used it is expressive of contempt,
derision, or objurgation. To call a man a
barker or howler is equivalent or is exactly
tho same as to call him a dog, and in almost
all languages and among all nations such an
appollutiou is ono of disparagement and
abuse.
Tho essayist gives a luminous account of
tho rivalries, jealousies, controversies, and
clashings whWi occurred in early times bo-
1 tween tho Dutch settlers of Now Netherlands
and tho English who inhabited Now England
and bad any occasion to ileal with tho Dutch
in any form. The feeling of nntngonism nnd
' contempt for the English colonists continued
long after the territory of New Netherlands
had como under English dominion, nnd, tho
essayist added, that to this day in somo of
Iho families of Now York of ancient Dutoh
origin, the Yankee is regarded with a feeling
it least of distrust.
Iho word "janker" and other words de-
l Various facts wero given in thoessay going
( to show that in its early uso, whether by tho
' Dutch or others, including tho English ut
j homo, tho word Yankee was oxpressivo of
I jontempt. Accordingly it came very natur
I illy into service when, upon tho occasion of
1 tho assembling of nn army near Albany for
i campaign against tho French and Indians,
tho Now England contingent of troops ap
peared, and tho Now York troops and British
regulm-s felt disposed to ridiculo these New
Euglanders.
As tho essayist descrilied tho Now England
troops they wero indeed n ridiculous lot, so
far ns looks went. A littlo later, when they
uorotho brunt of battlo and struck tho en
emy his deadliest blows, that appearance did
not cling to them. But they enmo to tho
rendezvous without uniforms, wearing all
torts of outer garments, dyed of various
hues. Thoy wero comparable only to tho
inny of Fnlstaff as to outside appearances.
Dr. Hicluird Shtickburgh, then resident in
Albany nnd later in Now York, gavo volco
lo tho camp feeling of contempt for tho New
England contingent. Ho composed certain
verses of derision and adapted tho air known
in England as "Fisher's Jig." This tuno was
printed in England for tho first time, so fnr
is known, in 17.V). Tho verses of the original
long nro now unknown, but thero can be no
ioubt that thoy wero tho merest doggerel.
Thoy have been superseded and their suc--cssors
havo been superseded by others of
ranous merit, moro than 700 in all, it is
laid. But thero is no particular sot which
:an bo called distinctively tho soug of
"Ynnkeo Doodle,"
Tho word ankeo was a nickname of do-
risio" or a J,ow Englander long beforo tho
revolution. Tho tuno and tho original words
intedato that period, and they wore intended
tor ridicule. It Is not probablo that in tho
Continental armies tho tuno was ever a popu
lar ono with tho troops. A collection of flfo
musio used in that army does not contain it.
It was a tuno of British origin, and for a long
whilo played only by British bands. When
tho Second brigade marched out of Boston
on tho day of tho battle of Ixsxington to tho
relief of tho First brigndo of British troops,
they played "Yankee Doodlo" as thoy
marched.
Tho American musicians useo it only ap-
parently by way of retaliation. When tbe
British troops surrendered at Yorktown they
turned their faces aw-ay from tho Americans
and looked toward the French troops. La
fayetto observing this, ordered all tho Conti
nental bands in his command to play
"Yankee Doodlo," which was done with good
will and as a noto of triumph. But after the
final victory tho popularity of tho tuno as an
American national air steadily increased.
The essayist found in tho word "doodlo''
tomothingof disparagement rather than of
compllmont, and as the compound words
flap-doodle, eoek-a -doodlo and whang-doodlo
suggest, Boston Advertiser.