UUR 'MONETARY SYSTEM.
'Coin Xttwo JSnnctcd. by ilio United
Stntcn Slnco Its Foundation.
The net of April 3, 1792, established
Iho mint and regulated tho coins of tho.
United States. This act provided that
tho coincs should bo of gold, silver, and
copper; that tho gold coins should bo
eagles ($10). half eagles ($5), and quar
tcr eagles ($2.o0); that tho silver coins
should bo the dollar, half dollar, quar
tor dollar, dime and half dime; that thb
dollar or unit should bo of the value of
tho Spanish milled dollar then current
that tho proportional valuo of gold to
silver should bo as fifteen to one; that
all gold coins should bo eleven parts
fino to one of alloy; that all silver coins
should bo 1.-185 parts lino to 170 parts
alloy; that tho alloy of tho gold coins
should bo composed of silver and copper,
half and half, and tho alloy of silver
wholly copper; that tho caglo should
contain 267 -1-8 grains pure, or 270
grains of standard gold, und tho silver
dollar 371 4-1 G grains jnire, or 440
grains standard silver; that tho lessor
gold and silver coins should contain tho
samo proportions according to value;
and that all tho gold and silver coins
should bo legal tender for nil payments
whatsoever, (t Statutes, pp. LMG-251.)
Tho net of Juno 28, 1831 (4 Statutes
G!)!)) reduced tho gold ooins so that
thereafter the cagles($10) contained 232
grains pure and 258 grains of standard
gold, and tho half and quarter eagles
wcro proportionately reduced, but their
legal-tender quality wad retained for all
payments whatsoever.
Tho act .f Jan. 18, 1837 (C Statutes
pp. 13G-112), provided that thereafter
tho standard for both gdld and silver
coins should bo 900 tine; that is, 900
parts puro metal and 100 parts alloy,
and reduced tho value of tho silver coins
bo that thcrcaftor'tho silver dollar eon
tallied 412 1-ii grains of standard silver
and tho smaller coins thoir relative
proportion of tho same, according to
value, but their legal lender quality was
retained for all payments.
The act of Fob. 21, l&T.IJ, debased tho
subsidiary silver coins, that is, tho half
and quarter dollars, tho dimes and half
dimes, so that thoreafter'tho silver half
dollars contained 192 grains of standard
tiilver and tho quarter 'dollar, dime, and
half dinio wero dubased in liko propor
tion, aooordiug to thoir vu'uo, and their
legal tender capacity was reduced to
payments of $5. This net left tho gold
coins and the flilvordollar legal lender
for all paymenls what.soovr.
On tho 12th .of February, 1873 (17
Statutes, 424-43G), an not revising ami
amending tho laws relating to tho mint
and coinage was panned, which is known
and designated by Haw as tho "coinage
act of 1873," and all other acts and
parts of acts inconsistent therewith are
repealed.
This act provided it lint 'Iho standard
for both gold and silver. coin should bo
900 parts pure and 100 parts alloy; that
900 flue; that is Unit, nil coins shall be
the alloy of tho gold hhall be silver and
copper, tho till ver in no. cu&o to exceed
one-tenth of tho whole alloy of thesllver
coins to bo wholly copper.
This act provide) that gold coins of
tho United States shall bo a $1 piece,
which at tho standard weight, 25 8-10
grains, shall bo the unit of value; a quar
ter eagle, or .?2 60 piece; a htilf-eagle,
or $5 piece; an eagle, or $10 piece, and
n doublo eagle, or $20 piece, and those
gold coins Hhall he legal tender in all
paymonta; that tho silver coins .shall bo
a trade dollar, a half dollar, or 50 cent
piece; a quarter dollar or 25 cent piece;
n dime, or 10 cent piece; that the weight
of tho trade dollar shall be 420 grains
troy, and the weight of the half dollar
12 grammes, and tho quarter dollar
and dime, respectively, one-half and
ono-fiflh the weight of the half dollar;
und that the silver coins shall bo legal
tender for tiny amount not oKcceding $5
in any one payment; and the coinage of
any other gold or silver coin than those
named above is prohibited.
The Revised Statutes of tho United
States were passed June 22, 1871, and
are intended to embrace tho statutes of
the United States in force on tho lstduy
of December, 1873, as revised and con
Hollikted by the commissioners appointed
for thut purpose. The Revised Statutes
ro-onaot tho statute of Feb. 12, 1873,
without change.
Tho act of July 22, 1870, provides
that the trade dollar sn:dl not thereafter
bo a legal tender, and the coinage of tho
trade dollar is limited to the export de
mand. Any owner of gold bullion can
deposit tho same at any mint and have
it converted into coin for his benefit
without charge. Tho Revised Statutes
provide that any owner of silver bullion
may have it converted at the mints into
bars or trado dollar of 420 grains troy,
but for no other coinage, on paymtat of
tho actual cost of coinage, lint as by
tho act of July 22, 187G, tho secretary of
tho treasury is authorized to limit tho
coinage of trado dollars to tho export
demand, it would now seem to be op
tional with him whether ownors of sil
ver bullion could have It converted into
trado dollars or not.
Tho law limits the coinage of the sub
aldary .silver coins, that is tho. dime,
qunrtcr'and half dollar, so that it shall
not exceed at any tlmo $50,000,000.
Tho act of Fob. 28, 1878, provides
that the mints shall coin silver dollars
of tho weight of 4 12 J grains troy, as
provided by the act of 1837; thut tho
samo shall bo legal tender for all debts,
public nad private; that the secretary of
tiro treasury shall purchase not 'loss
than $2,000,'0C0 worth of ullvcr bullion
at tho market price, nor moro than $1,-
000,000 worth monthly, and cause tho
samo to bo corned Into -such dollars as
fast as purchased, (tho gain or seignior
ago thereon to go to 'tho United States
treasury; that holders of such dollars
can exchango them for silver ccrtifi
catcs, which ccrtllicates shall bo receiv
able for customs, taxes, and all public
dues. This is the last general coinago
act, nnfl is Still in force and effect. Tho
foregoing is a complete summary of all
tho coinage acts. Indianapolis Jour
tiaL
Hollyhocks.
jit maiit a. r. sTAXsnonr.
AUauntlne;, graceless flower you sayt
Ah, well, it iijay be bo;
And still it Eccms but yesterday,
Thut morning long ago,
I almost see the cottngu yet,
The winding path and -Margaret
A llght-wlnpcd breeze sailed gcntlf by;
Tlio lark's clear note afar,
Thro' the blue spaces or the sky,
Slid like a falling star.
I never t-aw her look so fair;
Ab, If I told her would she caret
AVI thin a scarlet hollyhock,
A pollcn-ladcn bee,
Deep plunging made the blossom rock.
She Hashed a smile at me,
And with a motion swift and light
She caught the silken jietals tight.
Loud hummed the bee with angry wing
"Why thus so ill content?
Tho sweets you sought, ;oor foolish thing,"
She said: "arc all misspent I"
My heart leaped tip to hcur her speak;
A sudden courage dyed iny check.
"Darling 1" I cried, "Oh, let him fly,
And take me In his placet
lr;i8t prisoned In your heart could I
Ask any sweeter graeel
I could not struggle to be free,
So dear a jailer holds tins key."
Her checks flushed like op'nlng rose,
No words her Hps did say
I saw her little band unclose,
Tho glad bee flew away.
Ah, met 'twas forty years ago
My hair Is gray yet Lils I know:
I've roamed thro' many garden bowcri
And blooming fields since then
Ir. summer wild-wood gathered flowers,
And In the mountain glen
Pulled harctxilla from the moss-grown rod:,
Yet liiobt 1 love tho hollyhock.
Ohlcagt Herald.
Ho Worked on tho Monday
Paper.
Minister And von feel an awakening
within you, my friend?
Penitent Printer f do, sir. I feol
that I have been a great sinner, a very
great sinner. I'm afraid there's 110 sal
vation for inc.
M. Come, come, my friend, do not
bo despondent. You know tho lines,
being a printer, about tho vilest siuner
returning. 1 think you arc in a hopeful
condition, a very hopeful condition.
P. P. Ah! but I've been such a Sabbath-breaker.
M. Working on a Sunday paper, 1
presume.
P. P. Oil, no. The men who work
on Sunday papers don't break tho Sab
bath. Their work is done on Saturday
night. 1 work on a daily paper, anil
tho Monday morning paper is all set up
on Sundays. Hut I'm determined to
leave this business. I'll break tho Sab
bath no more by setting type.
M. 1 rejoice to lintl you in such a
frame. of mind. You'll bo a blight and
shining light in tho church ono of these
days. And you havo had to set typo on
Sundays, my poor friend roports of
dog-lights, pugilistio mills, and so forth,
1 suppose?
P. P. (weeping bitterly) No, sir;
principally .roports of ministers1 sorinons
in solid aionpariol. Boston Courier.
Eols in Ireland.
One of the industries along tho Shan
non River, in Ireland, is the capture and
cultivation of eels. The taking of 40,
000 in a single night sometinios occurred
years ago; but tho present product is
much less, owing to tho draining of tho
country and other iullueuccs. At Castle
Council are llvo immense tanks, in which
the eels aro kept alive, and allowed to
grow, tho weak and dead ones being
dipped out every morning by means of
largo landing nets, and sold cheaply to
poor people. It is during this iishing
process that the inmates of the tanks are
seen to tho best advantage, for every fin
and tail are in motion, swimming up
ward and downward in ono vast living
mass, .hols of all ages, sizes and do
grcos aro thorn. Thousands wore there
also in the tank, varying in weight from
two ounces to twelve pounds. Thoso
alter aro the well-llavored, juicy fellowi
ttiat aro converted into tho delicious
collared eel" for which Klllaloo is so
ustly famous.
"Ho Was No Good."
"I've turned that hired man off," said
a Dakota farmer to his wife on conilnu
nto tho house, "ho was no good,"
"What whs tho matter ho looked
liko a smart feller?"
"O, ho was smart 'nough I s'pose,
but ho didn't know nothin' 'bout farm-
n'. Tho blam'd fool didn't know 'nough
to water tho bosses. I told him to go
out and clean up miiiio seed wheat and
I'm darned if ho didu t ask mo where
tho soap wus."
"1 don t know what 11 become of the
poor feller 'pears 'slf ho couldn't get
his livln' on a farm nohow."
"O, don't you worry 'bout him, Sarv.
He'll fool 'round till spring and then go
and start an ngricult'ral paper some-
w'ero."-A,feifi lltll.
FARM AND GARDEN.
A. Few Points or General Interest to
Tho lltinbamlinnii.
It takes 250 bushels of potatoes to
nakc a ton of starch.
Wood ashes are said to bo a valuable
fertilizer for onions.
Tho United States raised 629,400,000
bushels of oats last year.
In area 18,000,000 acres of cotton
R-cre grown in 1885. Tho indicated
.;rop is 5,G77,000 bales.
Hyposulphite of soda is now said to
io the best remedy for chicken cholera.
A tcaspoonful to each fowl.
Set a hen on the ground, if possible,
is the eggs will hatch better. Do not
$ivo any hen more than thirteen eggs
.'or a setting.
Notwithstanding our free homestead
'aws, the census of 1880, shows that
;herc arc in tho United States 1,001,601
renters, cultivating farms.
Jt is stated that apples in salted,
limed and whitewashed cellars are
keeping better than their over-ripo con
Jition in ltc fall gave reason to oxpeet.
The States producing over twenty
uve million bushels of wheat last year
,vore, in iho order of production, Min
icsota, Michigan, Iowa, Dakota, Indi
um and 'California.
Holli corn and -oats in tho last crop
iliow a greater acreage than over be
fore in tho history -of the country. The
iverago yield was also largor than in
;he last s'x years before.
As ten degrees below zero generally
kills the peach buds everywhere, and
is ten degrees traveled pretty far south
last month, that delicious fruit will
probably be -scarce next season.
Setting hens should nevor bo fed on
!he nest; Ahoy should 'bo allowed to
201110 off for their food, as tho eggs re
quire about tho amount of airing they
roeoivo while the hen is oil" for food.
It is worthy of nolo that sumach is
the TiiosWuluablo tanning plant known.
Largo ouautities were gathered in Vir
ginia during tho past -season and yield
ed handsome vol urns, for tho labor ex
pended. If onions become frozen do not disturb
Them, as they will soon rot if handled.
If they !bave been stored in a placo of
even temperature or where tho fluctua
tions are gradual, they can be kept very
easily.
Has your grindstone become hollow
ed from the grinding of small tools?
Grind -up tho spades and shovels by
holding tliom squaro across tho stone at
a proper fle-vol. Spades liko hoes, should
be ground all on one side.
Hor.se buyers ay that tho good
lienvy grade draft horses bring as high
prices as at any time in tho past lew
years, but that the wuialler horses aro
less in demand and at twcnty-livo per
rent, less mlto Western Agriculturist.
An Indiana seed grower offered a
prize of one cent for eaeli bean grown
on the one stalk producing tho largest
ounilxir of California tree beans. It
vost him i?22 io . redeem ids promise.
Tho pri.e stalk contained 450 pods and
2,200 beans.
Tho potato is an important article of
food in Great Britain, some 1,000,000
tons a year being consumed by the in
habitants, about 200,001) tons of which
nro imported, the remainder being rais
ed there. Tito average yield per acre
Ls about seven tons or 2.'lll bushels.
Prune in winter for wood and in sum
mer for fruit, hut. do not prune too
much. A good rule is, whenever a
limb is seen to interfere witli another,
out with it, whatever tho time of the
year. When the sap is in full How,
wounds will heal over quickest.
Down in Texas they havo an ollicia
designated as "Seal) Inspector." His
jurisdiction extends over ono or more
counties, in which he visits the different
Hocks of sheep, and thoso found atlliet-
ed with scab ho requires tho ownors to
have dipped, in compliance with tho
State law.
A remarkable improvement in the
appearance and llavor of poultry which
havo been fed in coops or pons two
weeks before killing lias been noticed
by careful raisers. Clean corn and pure
water have been found to bo the only
requisites for. rapid and healthful fat
tening.
Stone fences may bo durable during
tho first few years after construction,
but nro difficult to repair when they
once liogin to crumble. In anv caso it
is desirable to have fences that can bo
removed at will, and this is another
strong argument against tho employ
ment of stone for such purposes.
Hotted corn cobs aro a valuablo fer
tilizer on any soil that is deficient in
potash, and aro worth saving for this
purpose alone, while if rotted with ma
nure they are considerably more valua
ble, and in cleaning up tho hog pen
considerable pains should bo taken to
gather up and mix them with the ma
nure. G. A. Tapley told tho Boston Farm
er's Club that the Kartlett pear was tho
inot profitable variety to raise. Ho
believes it better to plant tho trees in
clayey soil than In loamy, causing late
fruit to result, which always brings a
higher price. Tho past season ho got
$'2.M a bushel for Itartletts in Novem
ber. Hens often learn to eat their eggs
from eating the egg shells which aro
given to them with their food. They
limi it easy to crush the shells which
are thus scattered iu their way. If yon
have plenty of oyster and clam shells or
crouud bone, the amount of lime in the
egg shells is scarcely worth saving for
your fowls.
Tho apicultural editor of tho Indi
ana Fanner snys: "When it is a caso
of feed or starvo tho hivo may bo
brought into a room and warmed up
and fed sufficiently to carry them
through until early spring. Tho room
must of course be kept perfectly dark.
Wo havo had colonics storo three
quarts of good syrup in twenty-four
hours by putting in three feeders at one
time."
There nro several kinds of lice that
infests Uio hair of cattle, tho common
insect known as the cattle louse being
least injurious and less difficult to de
stroy than what aro called blue lice,
which arc much larger in size, moro
tenacious of life and moro difficult to
rid animals of, because they harbor in
the sides of wooden buildings, perhaps
in the litter beneath animals in their
stables.
Ittalies an average thrco gallons of
milk to yield one pound of butter,
writes a correspondent of tho llural
World. "When butter sells at eighteen
ccrits per pound, allowing for package,
commissions and other incidentals, tho
fanner will have about four cents a gal
lon for his milk. Hotter sold for twenty-live
cents per pound would net tho
fanner about six -cent3 per gallon for
milk.
Mrs. Thomas, of Philadelphia, re
ported at a meeting of tho beekeepers
in Trenton hint month that slio had ob
tained an average of 150 pounds of
honey from twenty colonics, or u total
crop of il.OOO pounds. This was ex
tracted honey, for which she received
25 cents per pound, netting therefore
37 50 per hivo. She also cleared last
year $1,000 from her poultry yard, and
runs a twenty-acre farm besides.
In tho horse, a good width between
tlio-oyes, tho eyes prominent but placid,
with a .good height from tho cyo to tho
ear, aro indications, of intelliircncc. If
the forehead is prominent and smooth,
it indicates a mild, eouablo temper. A
round, rather long barrel indicates good
digestion; u doublo loin, strength; an
oblique 6iioulder, sure-footedncss. With
fiat, hard bones, long in the arm, speed
is indicated.
One bushel of corn, or its equivalent
in other food, will make nine pounds of
livo .poultry, or seven and one-tenth
pounds of dressed poultry, or twelve
and one-half pounds of eggs. Ono has
only to weigh his .pullet at six months'
old io know how much money ho has
expended for her, and if he lias not fur
nished the feed, lie will know just how
much he lias foraged ofl his neighbors
for his benefit. Western llural.
The Country 'Gentleman advises an
inquirer that winter is tho best timo to
destroy the orchard caterpillars, saying:
"They form their rings of eggs on tho
small shoots, usually within a foot or so
of tho ends. Thoso aro easiry cut off
with a pair -of clipping shears set on a
pole, and every ne.st of eggs which you
thus bring down and burn raves your
trees from one of tho 'big nests' you
speak of. One of these rings of eggs is
about three-fourths of an inch long and
a t hi ill of an inch in diameter, and be
ing larger than the shoot which holds
it, it is easily seen after tho leaves aro
oil'. Take a clear day, as tho bluo sky
will not bo so liard on the eyes as look
ing up to bright clouds."
The Very Man.
"Yes, I am in need of a reporter,'
said an editor, replying to a man who
had entered the office and applied for a
position, "but I want a startling sort of
a fellow want a man who can make
news, in other words. I want a man
who is not afraid to tell alio."
"I think that I am the man."
"That may be, but 3011 must under
stand that tho man 1 want lias to be
able to tell a plausible lie ono that has
every phase of the truth."
"I still say that I am tho man."
"Havo you ever done much newspa
per work?"
"No.I have nover written for a news
paper." "Then how do you know you can
write plausible lies?"
"Heeauso I havo been writing war
articles for the magazines."
The editor grasped tho applicant's
hand. "My dear man." said he, "1
want you. A rka nsa w Tra vcler.
Of Firm Feeling.
A conversation betweon a married
man ami a confirmed old bachelor:
"Do you know that it is a most
lamentable
ried?"
thing that you aro not mar-
"Why?"
"Heeauso you aro leading such a lone
ly, selfish life. Suppose some ono should
bo obliged to break into your room some
morning and find yon dead."
"Well, It might hurt liis feelings, but
I'm sure it would not injure mino in the
least." lloston Budget.
An Infant's Definition.
Teacher Mary, glvo mo an cxamplo
of an object of tho masculine gendor.
Mary Mr. Jonos, tho grocer.
Teacher Now give mo an object of
the feminino gender.
Mary You, Miss Smith.
Teacher- And now of tho neuter gen
dor. Mary Mr. Hobinsou.
Teaoher Mr. Hobiuson?
Marv Yes: he is neither man nor
woman, but an olij bachelor.' .Veto J
York Commercial Advertiser.
THE
Union Milling Co.'s
rui.i, itoi.i.i:it fi.oiiik
TAKES THE LfiAD
Whereier It his been tried.
For Sale hy nil the Leading Dealers
Everywlif rc.
Gko. Wright,
President.
W. T. Wnioirr,
Cashier.
UNION,
OREGON.
Hops a General Hanking Business. Buys
and nelln exchange, ana discounts com
merciiil paper.
Collections carefully attended to, and
promptly reported.
COMMERCIAL
Iffiy anfl Feed
OeeosiTu Ci:.ti:.vniai. Hotel.
JOHN S. KMOTT,
l'HOPKIKTOK
IfuviiiR furnished this old and popular
hostelry with amplo room, plenty of feed,
Kood hostlers and new buggies) is better
prepared timn over to accommodate cus
toiucrs. My terms ai-o reasonable.
COVE TANNERY.
Adam Ckossmax, I'lioemuToit.
Has now on hand and for sale the best of
JIAKXKSS, LADIGO,
UIM'KU and
LACK LEATHER.
SHEEP SKINS, ETC.
Paid for Hides and Pelts.
WALLA WALLA
BEER DEPOT.
Comer Main and A Streets, Union.
E. MJLLEI", ... Proprietor.
Keeps always on hand tho lincst brands ol
WLVES,
LIQUOKS,
and CIGARS.
r The very best Lnger and Bock Beer in
the market, at lift cents aquart. Beer and
lunch li5 cents.
A fine billiard table for tho accommoda
tion of customeis. Drop iu nnd bo socia
ble. -RAILROAD-
FEED Al ME STABLE
Near the Court House.
A. F. Iii:.so.v, - . PitoeiUKTOn.
Union, Oregon,
Pine (urtifintw mul ilrwl.,.i,.to ..:.. t n
accommodation of the public generally.
Conveyances for commercial men a sno
cmlty. '
--TIio accommodations Tor feed cannot
bo excelled in the valley. Terms reasonable.
SMOKE OUR
PUNCH"
Rest Havana Filled
5 Five Cent Cigar. 5
Jones Uros., agents, Union.
E. GOLLINSKY & CO.
SMOKE THE
"ESTRELLA"
KEY WEST Imported Havana Cigar.
NONE MUTTER.
Tonsorial Rooms
Two doors south of Jones Bros. store
IT.., f . '
union, urcgon.
J. M. Joii.nho.s-,
PitoeaiETOii.
lTiilr nittinp. Mlinvtur. n,wl ulin..Ani..
...... ... r- - - ...... ..(,t,ifi,UliJS
done neatly und lit the best style.
CITY v MEAT v MARKET
Main Street, Union, Oregon.
ROIII.NH it 11 K.N RON", - - PltOI'lUKTOns.
Keep constantly on hand
BEEP, PORK, VEAL. MUTTOX, SAU.
BAGE, HAMS, LARD, ETC
CENTENNIAL -:-
Union, 0reson.
Dan. V. Moo hk,
Piioritunoii.
A well htocked bar in connection with
the houhc, and none but tho bent brand
of liquors and cigars kept.
LARGE SAMPLE ROOMS for tho uc
rominodution ot commercial travelcro.
ROWLAND & LLOYD
Manufacturers of
FURNITURE,
5fnin Street, Union, Ore.
Keep constantly on hand a large supply,
of Parlor nnd Bed Room nets, Bedding,'
Desks, Oilieo Furniture, etc.
l'pholnterliic Done In tho Ilent Style
Loungep, Mnttrcsses, and all kinds of
Furniture made to order.
PATRONAGE SOLICITED.
PHOTOGRAPH WM
Corner Main and C Strcots, Union.
All kinds of photogrnpliic work done in
superior manner, nnd according
to tho latest nnd most
approved methods.
Views of resideiic3s taken on appli
cation. J5??"A11 work warranted to give satisfac
tion. JONES KKO'S, Props.
MASON
&
HAMLIN
Unexcelled
fT-,. enn pave From t&0 to f KO on tho
X UU purchase of un instrument by
buj-Injr thrnuirh
IV. T. WltlCUT, Agent, Union, Ogn.
Buy the II ay ward
HAND GRENADE
Fire Extinguisher.
Everybody nhonld have them. Men,
women or children can use them. Thou
sands of dollars worth of property saved,
every day. They don't freeze, aro not in-i
jurious to flesh or fabric, and aro always
ready. You cannot afford to bo without
them.
G. .T. Becht, Gen. Accnt, 124 Market St.,
San Francibco, Cnl. Cook & Dwight, Agts.,
La Grande, Oregon.
JONES BRO S,
Corner of Main and H streets, Union-.
-Dealers in-
GROCERSES,
CANNED GOODS,
VARIETY AND FANCY GOODS,
TOBACCO
AND
01GAU&
:knts fiiiimsiiim: ;oons.
WATCHES,
CLOCKS,
ami JEWELRY,)
Glasswnre, Musical Instruments, Picture
Frames and Pictures, Moulding,
Bird Cagoa, Baby Car
riages, etc.,
Candies and Nuts,
Stationary, School Books, Periodical.
Novels, etc., of ecry description.
ALL KINDS OF FRESH FRUITS
Always on hand.
'e keep constantly on hum! everything
usually kepfein a first clawi variety store.
jOrderR from nny part of the country
will be promptly attended to.
iiS'iil!
Organs B