irajs-Moutrfaiim
JRDAY. . MARCH 19. 1888
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PRIMAEY ELECTION REFORMS
.' No effort for good government is
wholly lost. If the result on election
day is disastrous, the determination of
reformers and the growing: enlighten
ment of the people is certain to receive
some recognition from the ruling polltl
clans. And may even fores freni them
some approach to the remedial meas
ures contended for, says tbe Oregonian.
A fresh illustration of this truth is
. found in the state of New York today.
, Notwithstanding the perpetuation of
- Piatt in the state, and enthronement
of Tammasy in the city, the advocates
of election reform are moving un-
dauntea on the legislature,' apparently
in ;ood hope of wresting from that
, boss-ridden body some act that will en
able the voters to have their say be
fore the nominating conventions.
- An ideal primary law is not te be
expected; if for no other reason that
none is in existence. Probably it
would be hard to improve on the pres
ent Oregon primary law; but as every-
body in Oregon knows, the law itself
is powerless to accomplish fcood results
unless it is honestly and intelligently
used by the voters. The most tbat can
be expected in New York is a begin
ning;, and this beginning is a statu
tory recognition of -the right of the
state to control the primary elections
of parties. All the drafts of primary
reform bills at Albany recognize this
principle, but differ materially in de
tails. . A radical measure is that of
fered by the Union League Club. It
proposes to put the primary elections
ei all parties in cities of the first and
second class under a primary law. It
provides that any voter, on any of the
four days set apart for registration
preceding an election, shall be given
an opportunity to enroll himself as a
member of a political organization.
. After he had registered his name as a
voter he will be asked by the registra
tion officials if he wishes to enroll for
the purpose of participating in a prim
ary election. In case he does he will
name the political party with which
he expects to act, and his name will be
placed upon its rolls. In case his rigb t
to enroll with a party is challenged,
he must sign a declaration or answer
certain questions to show that he' is in
general sympathy with the principles
of the party which he has named, and
it is his present intention to vote with
It at the ensuing election. The de
claration Is in the most liberal terms,
and affords ample opportunity for any
voter who wishes to have political
affiliations to ally himself with one
party or another. Tn case a voter who
for any reason has failed to enroll him
self during the four days of registration
desires to do so, he can do so subse
quently at any time, except the period
of thirty days immediately proceeding
the official primary days, by filing
with the proper custodian of the rolls
a written statement embodying the
declaration required in case of chal
lenge, on regular registration days.
. Some of the details of the Union
League bill have already been changed
and other changes are being made al
most dally. The republican majority
. at Albany seems inclined to agree upon
some form of primary law, as a political
' measure which will retain for the party
members who are on the point of leav
ing it through disgust with machine
methods. The primaries in New
York have been' heretofore noth
ing but forms, used by the party boss
to name the delegates he has already
selected for conventions. The bill
. that will be passed will almostcertainly
provide moderately free opportunity
for enrollment and a secret ballot,
The details will probably involve
very ' little concession from the
machine to the independent voter.
This will have to come later. A view
of New York politics is wholesome for
Oregonians sometimes by way of show
ing them how great are the political
blessings they already enpy.
DID PROTECTION DO ITT
The Portland Tribune has discovered
why it is that cotton manufacturing
has made such rapid adyance in the
South during the last 19 years, and
attributes it all to the tariff. Here is
' its argument, and a table prepared to
prove its position :
. "Hare are a few figures which relate
to the growth of cotton manufacturing
In the South, which has been subject
to precisely the same protective sys
tem which has applied in other parts
of the country, and under which; it
will be seen, the development of the
manufacturing industry in that section
has been phenominal:
-Number of mills in 1880 180
Number mills iu 1890 254
w . . in. i - lono Ann
JNUmoer oi mum in ioo. tw
Number of looms in 1880 14,000
Number of looms in 1890 39,000
Number of looms in 1898 115,000
Number of spindles in 1880. . . 667,000
Number of spindles in 1890.. 1,712,000
Number of spindles in 1898. . 4.100.000
Capital employed io 1880. . $21,900,000
Capital employed in 1890. . 61,1000 000
Capital employed in 1898.. 125,000,000
"No wonder that protection senti
ment is growing apace in the South
and that numbers of leading democrats
of that section have found it necessary,
as they recently have, to declare them
selves for protection in order to retain
their grip upon public office."
Such a showing as this coupled with
the table would probably be convincing
tbat the protective policy had been the
only agent tbat acted to increase cot
ton manufacturing in the South, were
it not for the fact tbat an investigation
of the tariff laws in forces during the
period from 1880 to 1898 reveals the
fact that the period when the greatest
advance was made was during the time
when the Wilson law was in operation.
From 1880 to 1890 there was a high
protective duty on all maunfactdred
cotton, still there was an increase of
only 34 mills, and from 1890 to 1898,
three and one-half years of which time
the Wilson law (that "free trade"
measure) was in force, there was an in
crease of 246 in the number of mills,
and as a matter of fact there were more
mills built from 1894 to 1897 than dur
ing any other time. Since the Dlngley
law was enacted last year, there has
net besn a single new cotton mill built
in the South, so we must conclude the
Tribune has erred in attributing every
thing to protection.
A Batter of fact, the factors that .
encouraged cotton manufacturing in
the South were the demands of the
times. Cotton was raised in that
locality and cottou cloths were used
more universally there than ia the
North. It was found mote economical
to manufacture the raw material into
merchantable goods at the source of
supply and in the vicinity of the mar
ket, just as it will be fouud with refer
ence to woolen manufacturing in the
West 30 soon as the demand for woolen
goods shall increase . through an in
crease in population.
ARE THEY ALL FOOLS?
Possibly the kindest thing the Ore
gonian has yet been able to say of ad
vocates of the free coinage of silver is
that they are all idiots and fools for
not being able to see exactly as tbat
"wise" journal does on all matters re
garding the question of finance. Re
cently all silver! tea were, in the opin
Ion of the Oregonian, dishonest vaga
bonds, but now it Is rather more
charitable' and condescends to term
them "fools." In a recent article up
on the question of "what is an edu
cated man?" it expresses its opinion
of the advocate of Bilver thus:
"President Andrews, of Brown Uni
verslty, Is an enthusiastic advocate of
the intellectual and historical absur
dity of free silver, has talked like a
fool about the Armenian and other
questions. ' . The absurdity of
President Eliot's proposition that "a
college man" seldom goes wrong Is ex
hibited by the fact that 77 per cent of
the Missouri congressional delegation
are college bred men, while only 70
per cent -of the Massachusets delega
tion can claim tbat distinction. Both
of the free-silver senators from Mis
souri are college-bred men, and the
majority of her free-sllyer evangelists
are nominally "college men.'
"What does this prove? Nothing
save that a so-called college education
Is a very cheap thing. It cannot en
dow a man with brain power nor Intel
lectual honesty. The average college
man' who goe? into politics Is the
creature and abject slave of his en vlro-
ment, rather than the pure, proud
child of bis culture. The fact that
Harvard, Yale and all the lesser schools
graduate men who are advocates of
free silver1 either impeaches the sound
ness or tneir teacning oi political
economy c it proves that no system
of liberal education will give a man
intellectual honeety and moral sense
superior to his stupid environment."
It has probably neyer dawned upon
the mind of the Oregonian editor tbat
P'ssibly bis intellect may be some
what impaired or that his honesty
might be questioned. It Is barely pos- ,
sible tbat the advocates of the single
gold standard may not be so entirely
rational as they would have us believe
in fact they may be the "fools" while
the advocates of silver are sound
minded, or we may all be somewhat
demented, and the believers in exclu
sive paper money may be the only
wise people in the land.
The Times-Mountaineer however
does not take this view. It believes
there are truly wise and honest men
who believe implicitly in all three of
the money theories. There are argu
ments in favor of all; anybody but a
narrow-minded bigot can see them
The gold standard has some things in
its favor that cannot be denied.' If we
were to be an absolute free trade na
tion, and it were our policy to buy
where we can buy the cheapest, also
to have but one object in view, that
of building up the money power, then
the gold standard would be the thing,
But thin is not the policy of our peo
ple, and a more liberal financial sys
tem, based upon both silver and gold
with an adequate amount of paper
money is to be desired. Hence if we
were to designate those who are the
real fools, we would say they are those
who, like the Oregonian, are preach
leg protection and the gold standard
at the same time.
the platform, and the nominees of j lie,' then the gold standard party will
that convention have to pledge them
selves to stand thereon, I will not do
it; I will not agree to anything of the
kind. Should I be asked wbo I voted
for in the presidential campaign, I
would tell them It was none of their
business."
This, being his position he had just
as wall state the fact that he Is not a
candidate, for no man who will not
stand on a single gold-standard plat,
form can hope to get a nomination at
Astoria. There are too many ready
to get on that kind of a platform with
four feet if they had them for Mr. Kin
catd to expect a place en the ticket so
long as he Is thus Independent.
SPAIN'S DISGRACE.
That the American people have re
sponded geBerouslv to the appeal of
the starving Cubans for food and
clothing will ever rest to their credit,
but tbat Spain permitted the necessity
of such an appeal will ever brand it as
the most heartless nation in the world
In dealing with Cuba, Spain has not
distinguished between the loyal sub
jects and the rebels; all have been
treated alike so far as being permitted
to supply themselves with food was
concerned. They have been herded
together in towns and cities without
means for supplying themselves with
the necessaries of life, and have been
prevented from going into the country
to provide themselves with anything
to eat. No matter If they have been
loyal to the crown, they have been
treated as if they were rebels, and have
been starved.
Deprived of the means of.supporting
themselves, Spain has neglected to
feed and clothe them, so death would
have been the inevitable result bad
not relief come from America. Aside
from its cruel modes of warfare, Spain's
treatment of its loyal subjects in Cuba
is sufficient to forever condemn it, and
arouse such a hatred among Christian
nations throughout the world as to
justify them in wiping it off the face of
the earth. Friendly intervention -
check warfare between a moth,
country and its colonies where t';1
mother country -has any of ti. !
characteristics of civilization, is 6 j
sirable but when It is as barba-
ious as Spain has shown itself,
nothing but force will suffice. Brutes
can only be dealt with by brute force,
and the United States has now suffi
cient cause for applying such force to
Spain.
AN UNPATRIOTIC PLUTOCRA'l
Senator Stephen B. Elklns, the man
whose postofflce address Is Elklns,
Ohio, who has no fixed abode, jet has
for several years misrepresented West
Virginia In the United States senate,
now seeks to misrepresent the
American people by the following
ssatement to the New York World
"The American people should treat
Spain in the present state of affairs
iust as thov would treat any other
nation.
Conscious of her strength and de
sirlnsr to be iuat. the United States
cannot afford to be other than fair In
her conduct toward Spain. She has
no difficultv with Spain, and seeks
none. Up to thU moment the United
States has no cause for war with Spain.
D "Spain is simply trying to hold
what belongs to her, and which has
been hers for the past century or more,
just as any other nation would do, and
just as the United States did in the
civil war. The United States did all
It could then to prevent the Indepen
dence of the Southern states. Cuba
has fought for three years for indepen
dence. The South with more claims
for indepeddenc, with a capital, a
congress, postal facilities and the like,
possessed of one third of the republic,
with an army equal to any that the
world has ever seen, fought four years,
and the United States steadily resented
and resisted any Idea of Intervention
or recognition."
Were Steve Elklns a true patriot,
and had he the true spirit of independ
ence in him he would not express such
sentiment as this. But Elkins is not a
patriot; he is the subservient tool of
the plutocrats, and a worshiper of so
called aristocracy. The divine right
of kings is dearer to him than free
American citizenship, hence he be
lieves America should not intervene
to stop the starvation and murder of a
struggling people. And why? Be
cause the bond holders and money
devils see in a possible war with Spain
a danger of losing their present grasp
on American people, because it is a
stroke for freedom, and the breaking
of the fetters held not only by kings
but those held by bond owners.
According to this trancient states
man the United States has no cause
for war with Spain, even though 300
American sailors were burled Into
eternity by Spanish treachery, and
the finest warship in the world was
blown to atoms. The parallel he at
tempts to draw between Spain at pres
ent and that of the United States in
the time of the civil war is entirely
foreign. During that war the United
States conducted a warfare as far as
possible on principles of civilization,
whereas Spain's treatment of Cuba is
such as was accorded the uncivilized
races during the dark ages.
The confederate states were a por
tion of the federal compact,. and had
little cause for seceding, while Cuba
only a colony, and on account of ex
orbitant taxation bad iust cuase
for rebelling against the home govern
ment. But justice does not enter into
the ideas of such plutocrats as Elkin
They are actuated with a spirit of sub
jugating the masses Instead of promul
gating universal independence.
be assured of success at tha polls in
June, for harmony cannot prevail in
the ranks of the reform forces if spoils
are allowed to divide them.
This we do not believe will occur.
The delegates whe will compose the
conventions are men of good judg
ment, not selected with the view of
putting forward the claims of any in
dividual candidate, hence tbey are
not liable to be contentious for
spoils. In fact, they are men
who have the welfare of the com
munity at heart, and will not prostitute
the union move for the benefit or ad
vancement of any individual. As a
rule the delegates we believe haye
little choice as to the-personnel of the
ticket to be nominated, all tbey desire
is the nomination of competent, honest
men, who when electee will acceptably
serve the people as public servants
If this spirit prevails ia the conven
tions, and a ticket is nominated tbat
the peoplecan conscientiously support,
Wasco county will on the 6th day of
next June resister its disapproval of
the single gold standard.
PERFECTLY INDEPENDENT.
Hon. H. R. Kincald, secretary of
state, is in a certain sense a candidate
for re-election, but be is not going to
relinquish his silver views to get the
nomination, nor is he so anxious to be
a candidate that he will beg anybody
or any party to give him a place on a
ticket. In fact he is perfectly inde
pendent, and the politicians can take
him or let him alone just as they like.
The Oregonian quotes him as having
in a recent interview said:
"I am as good a republican as wben
was elected four years ago. I am not
a candidate for re-election, if in be
coming so I have to go about herald
ing the fact and importuning men to
support me. As a secretary of state I
have sought to do my full duty, and 1
am not- ashamed of the record I have
made as such. I should be pleased to
have the precedent exiatingduring the
past thirty-two years, of re-electing
the secretary of state, continued. I
make no secret of my views regard
ing the money question, and will not
lie about them to get elected. If at
the republican state convention at As
toria a gold-standard plank Is put in
STATE OWNEliSHIP OF LAND
Hon. John Id in to, in his address be
fore the woolgrowers' convention here
suggested a good idua with reference
to the ownership of public lands. It
Is that title to the same should rest
In states Instead of the general govern
ment. This is to be desired for many
reasons. Principal among which Is
tbat whatever revenue that is derived
from the sale o' public lands justly be
longs to the state in which the land is
located. Old states, such as Now
York, Maine Massachusets, Pensyl-
vanla, and in fact nearly tall those east
of the Mississippi river have long
since disposed of all their public lands,
and whatever revenue tbat arose there
from wrs expended more to their ad
vantage than for the benefit of the
West. It is therefore but just to the
Western states tbat tbey have the
money arising from the sale of all re
maining lauds within their respective
territory.
The greater portion of the valuable
agricultural lands has been already
selected, and what Is lemaioing, ex
cept the timber land, cannot be dis
posed of to advantage under the pres
ent government regulations, for home
stead ani timber entries are the oaly
ones at present ad-aissable. If all the
remaining public domain were
ceded to the states, the land could be
graded by commissioners appointed by
the state, seggregatiog the grazing
from the tillable land, fixing a mini
mum price at which the former coula
b," purchased In tracts not exceeding
t: 1 ) acres, while the latter could be
entered under similar regulations as
now govern homestead entries.
Without such regulation as this
there will always be millions of acres
throughput the West tbat will never
be utilized except for open range. It
is not of sufficient value to justify the
settler taking It in tracts of 160 acres
under the homestead law, but if it
could be bought at a nominal price In
tracts oi one section, it would be pur
chased and become taxable property,
and whatever revenue would be derived
therefrom would aid in paying state
expenses. A measure to cede the
public domain to the states would no
doubt meet with opposition from East
ern congressmen, but If viewed from a
standpoint of right and justice their
opposition would carry very little
weight, for it must be acknowledged
that every state Is entitled to the
revenue to be derived from the sale of
the public lands within its territory.
A WAY TO SUCCEED.
Whether the gold standard shall be
endorsed by the voters of Wasco
county next June, or whe-her tbey
shall register themselves In favor of
bimetalism depends largely upon the
action of the three conventions that
meet here next Saturday. If the demo
cratic, populist asd sliver republican
conventions enter into a scramble for
office and set personal interest above
principle and the welfare of the pub-
THE NATIONS DUTY.
Senator Elkins, of West Virginia,
would have America kias the hand
that smites her, especially if the hand
be tbat of a king or queen, but for
tunately there are few men like Elkins
in public life. There are men who
have s higher idea of the nation's duty
with respect to Cuba and the Maine
affair, and among them is Senator
Burrows, of Michigan. His views on
the present situation are as follows:
"I am profoundly impressed with
the belief that in our relations with
Spain a crisis is near at hand. In a
very few days the government will re
ceive the report of thecourtof Inquiry.
The report will be that the Maine was
destroyed by the explosion of a Spanish
mine or a torpedo. If the court makes
the report I anticipate it will, then
will come the tug of war.
"Whatis thesituation with which the
country is confronted? A vessel of the
United States government is at anchor
in the port of a friendly power on the
exact spot selected by that power, and
that vessel is on a peaceful mission.
She"is destroyed. The question of
ports does not enter into the discussion
of responsibility. Spain was as much
bound to protect the Maine and her
crew from harm in the port of Havana
as if she had been anchored at her
own immediate door. I care not
whether the explosion was produced
by or through the connivance of a
Spaniard or a Cuban. Spain's respon
s'bility for the deed is not lessened
thereby.
"Suppose tbat the president of the
United States bad visited Spain on a
friendly mission and was the guest of
the queen regent, and during his stay
was murdered by some member of the
queen's household or by some fanatical
Spaniard not connected with Spain's
cabinet, would not this government
have the right to hold Spain re
sponsible for the deed? I contend
that It would.
"Therefore, I say that oar relations
with Spain are approaching a crisis,
the solution and settlement of which
congress alone must determine, The
country expects congress to do its duty
in the premises, and that the president
will do bis. Neither can shift the re
sponsibility of the hour upon the other.
Any proposition of congress to shirk
responsibility or reDose special
powers upon the president to meet
emergencies as they arise will be re
sented by the people. Congress must
not only remalj in session until it
knows all the facts connected with the
loss of the Maine, but must not adjourn
until it has settled, and settled right,
all other questions 'that are pressing
for a speedy solution."
nominating conyentions to perform.
They should exercise the greatest care
in selestingcandidates, and not choose
them because of their popularity, but
because of their integrity and capabil
ity. The popular man does not always
make the most efficient public servant,
for too often he gains his popularity
by profligacy, and if profligate in his
own business he will bo In conducting
the business of the people. There
fore let none but careful, conservative
men be chosen for standard bearers.
"POPULAR" CANDIDATES.
The time is close at hand when nomi
nating conventions will select the
standard bearers of the different par
ties, some of whom will be the officers
of the state for the next four years,
and the county officials for two years;
and it is but natural that those who
are to do the nominating are begin
ning to cast about for "popular candi-
dotes, men who can poll their party
strength and a little more; in short,
men whose personal - popularity will
eventually land them in office. It is
probably politics that the most "popu
lar" candidates should be nominated,
but what is politics is not always the
best for the people. The "popular"
candidate does not always make the
best public servant, in fact the oppo
site is generally the result. However
It should be the aim of all parties to
nominate those who are fitted to bold
office.
If man gets into office, no matter
whether he Is a democrat, populi-t,
plutocrat or republican, and during his
term fills the position with ability,
thoroughness and fidelity, even if his
personal popularity is cot up to the
standard, he ,is more benefit to the
community than all the "popular" can
didates that might be named. It is
men of worth, integrity and capability
that are needed as nominees for office
rather than those who have strong
personal following.
EDITORIAL NOTES.
A GRA VE RESPONSIBILITY.
When the democrats, populists and
silver republicans of Wasco county
shall assemble in convention tomor
row they will have some grave respon
sibilities to perform, for upon the del
egates wno will compose these con
ventions rests the duty of shaping the
policy of the reform forces not only of
this county but of the state, and too,
they will be called upon to nominate
those wbo will serve the county in
official positions the coming two years
They must choose the ones to be voted
for on Juue 6th, and much depends
upon the wisdom of their selections.
Good government Is the end all de
sire to arrive at, and to insure good
government good and competent men
must be chosen. County and state
affairs are probably well administered
but every branch of government is
costing too much; expenses in every
branch should be cut down to the
minimum; extravagances must not be
allewed.for it is the money taken from
the taxpayers that is consumed i
every needless expense. Public money
is a public trust in the bands of off!
cials, and its expenditure should be
guarded more sacredly than the ex
penditure of the offices' private funds.
That such care be exercised over pub
lic affairs as will give us good govern
ment at the least possible expense, it
is necessary that honest, conservative
men be nominated for office. It is
therefore a grave responsibility for
r At
When
foils out
ten-story
n a o w
you'd
I 'i if U you'd natu.
. . ar. Aid
man. Well,
perhaps, be
2 1
and then
again, per
bans not.
Something
may save
him. There
may be
friendly awn
ing tbat will
iJ WV. m. ' V 71. let bim down
easy, so he
may be sound
and well to-
W mnrrnw You
never know what may save a man who
seems to be as eood as dead:
Many a man who seemed to be dvine of
consumption, and whom the doctors pro-
nonncea just as good as dead, Has got wei'
ana strong ana Hearty again by usirr Or.
Pierce's Golden 'Medical Discovery. This
wonderful medicine has shown the doctors
that consumption isn't always a fatal dis
ease. It can be cored if you get at the
germs of it in the blood and clear them out
..oughly. That is what this " Discovery "
does. It makes new blood, healthy blood.
The Brerms of consumption can't exist in
healthy blood. They simply let go their
hold and are carried ont of the system
then the new blood builds up new tissue,
new fleih. new power, new life. It carries
vitality to the lungs, the bronchial tubes and
every outer part of the body.
It cores OCODle after cod liver oil haa
(ailed, because their digestive organs are
too weak to digest fat-foods. The " Discov
ery makes the digestion strong.
For thin and Dale and emaciated ceoole
there is no flesh-builder in the world to
compare with it It doesn't make flabby
fat, bat hard, healthy flesh. It builds nerve-
power and force and endurance. It is never
safe to pronounce any one " dying of con
sumption," or any other wasting disease,
until this marvelous "Discovery" has been
given a cur trial.
Dr. Pierce's, utonsand-nape flltistrated
book, "The People's Common Sense Med
ical Adviser " win be sent free paper-bound
for the coat of mailing only, si one-cent
tamps. Cloth-bound, io stamps extra.
Aoaress vt. B. V. Piercs, Enffalo, N. Y.
A complete union of the silver forces
democrats, populists and silver re
publicans has been effected in Linn,
Marion and Lane counties. Tomorrow
the same thing will occur in Wasco.
It is not strange that the Oregonian
has so earnestly labored to prevent a
union of the silver forces in Oregon,
and the way union progresses shows
how little attention has been paid to
the Oregonian's advice. Silver people
are not heeding the advice of their
enemies this year.
The death of General Rosecrans re
moves the last of the great captains of
the Union army in the civil war, and
is another evidence of the fleet of
time. A generation has been born
and grown up since tbat bitter strife,
and few indeed of the officers are left
who commanded the armies from 1861
to 1865.
Wasco county will furnish two can
didates bofore the democratic state
convention. W. H. Mansfield's name
will be mentioned for state printer;
and Prof. John Gavin for superintend
ent of public Instruction. If other
counties can supply as worthy candi
dates, there will be a good ticket nominated.
An effort was made to drag political
issues into the school election held in
Salem last Monday, but it was very
forcibly set down upon by the people
the ring candidates having been de
feated by a vote of over two to one.
This Is right Our public school sys
tem is of too. vital importance to allow
it dragged into politics. . i A
Some pretended statesmen are ad
vocating an alliance between the
United States and Great Britain in op
position to Russia in dealing with the
Asiatic question. . Such an alliance
would be an unholy one, for Russia Is
one of the best friends America ever
had, wbilo Great Britain has never
been our friend commercially or
politically.
The union forces of Marlon county
pledgo their candidates to reduce
county expenses $5000 a year if elected
The pledge is no doubt made in good
faith and will be carried out if the
candidates of the union forces are
successful at the polls. A like pledge
should be exacted from every political
party in each of tne several counties.
We are paying entirely too much for
county government everywhere.
. The Clatsop county jury befor whom
the defaulting county treasurer Ward
was tried returned a verdict of not
guilty last Saturday.' On hearing the
verdict read, Judge McBride remark
ed: "I hope hereafter the county of
Clatsop will be more careful either ia
electing its officers or- jurors." This
would be a good idea. If officers will
steal, juries should convict them.
Prison regulations are generally
supposed to be very strict and lawless
ness of every nature - is presumably
prevented by the guards, but this
seems to not have been the case in
Folsom penitentiary. It has been dis
covered that two convicts have been
operating a counterfeit plant in the
engine room where they have been
making bogus nickels, a number of
which have got outside the prison and
inte circulation. :
The first effective union of the demo
cratic and populist forces in Oregon was
at the conventions held In Vale on the
10th, when a joint ticket was nomi
nated and a platform . satisfactory te
both parties adopted,. The. silver re
publicans refused to' unite 'with the
other two paaties. In the distribution
of offices the democrats were awarded
the representative, clerk, school sup
erintendent and treasurer; the popu
lists tbe sherincommfsdioner, assessor,
surveyor and coroner.
It Is an encouraging indication tha
there are demands' for better school
systems throughout tbe state, when
the people generally are asking that a
practical teacher be put at the bead of
the school system, and that the office
of superintendent of public instruction
be taken away from the influences of
ward politics that it has been in since
the office was first created. With a
thorough school man like Prof. Gavin,
of this city, in that oSce, it would be
conducted in tbe interests of the school
system instead of being run for what
money there is in it as at present.
In advocating the gold standard and
condemning a tariff for protection the
Oregonian exhibits a degree cf con
sistency, for absolute free trade and
the gold standard are twins. That the
Oregonian is first, last and all the
time for gold no one will deny, and
that it is becoming a free trader is
evidenced by the following expression
that appeared recently in Its columns:
Protection Is not a principle. It is
only a temporary policy. Its legiti
mate purpose is to eatabllsn industries
In our country that could not stand or
grow against lorelgn ' competition.
Once established, however, tbe need
cf protection ceases; and then protec
tion may become, and often does be
come, a prop of trusu and a. means of
extortion."
TRAITnnvWFRF.Sl
iini a v n unu was vi I
b Just Received
Three Insurgents Officers
Meet a Deserved Fate.
THE BAY CITY IS SAFE
San Francisco Well Protected by
Land Batteries From Attack by
War Vessels;
The Cream of the Most
Progressive Factories
latest blocks and colors.
progressive makers have
The Union Iron Works Ready to Bnlld
Ships and Gods on Short
Notice If Necessity
Requires.
New York, March 15. The Herald's
Havana correspondent says tbe kill
ing of Colonel Alvarez, Lieunant
Colooel Vicente Nunez aud Major
Ksplnosa was by order of General
Roberto Bermudez, " commanding tbe
insurgent forces in Santa Clara prov
ince. They had decided to surrender
and accept autonomy. Members of
their forces were ready to surrender.
This was learned by Bermudez, who
held a secret court-martial and it was
decided to shoot the trio. As the of
ficers left camp to ride to the town of
La Esperanza they were fired on by
the insurgents and were fairly riddled
with bullets.
A DESTRUCTIVE ULAZE.
A Great umber of LLIves ost In a Chicago
Fire.
Chicago, March 16. The worst fire
that has occurred In Chicago since the
cold storage warehouse holocaust at
tbe world's fair, broke out In a six
story building at the corner of Wabash
avenue and Jackson boulevard today.
The death list will probably reach 15,
and may exceed that figure. The in
jured number about 30.
The Emerson Piano Company occu
pied the first, second and third stories
of the building. Among the other
tenants were tbo Presbyterian board
of publications and the Sweet & Wal
lace Company, dealers In photographic
supplies, the latter on the sixth floor.
It was here that the fire broke out.
The floor was stored with chemicals
and materials used in the manufacture
of photographic supplies, and accord
ing to some who escaped, the entire
floor was swept with flames in five
minutes after tbe fire broke out.
Three hundred girls were employed
by this firm, and when the fire broke
out a panic ensued, many of the un
fortunate women being trampled under
the feet of their comrades, in their
frantic effort to e? cape. Cut off from
escape by the elevators and stairways,
the people penned in the burning
building began jumping from windows
and though the firemen and others
held canvass many were crushed on
the stone sidewalk. According to an
eyewitness as many as 19 jumped at
once from the top .floor, and others
were seen shortly after to fall back
into the flames.
Tbe flames quickly spread to the
floors beneath. The firemen were
badly handicapped by the terrific heat.
For a radious of a block the heat was
intense.- Tbe fiercest fire was in the
rear of the Conover Company's store.
Thirty-five minutes after the fire
broke out the floors had fallen, and a
moment later the walls fell. Shortly
after the front wall fell the outward
tracks of the Union Elevated loop was
completely' covered with debris and
blocked the whole elevated system.
SPAIN DOES NOT LIKE IT.
In all the
5 The most
tX the most artistic blocks. The most
popular hats are the ones that com-
S bine quality and style with economy.
S A glance at our Furnishing Goods
Jt Window will convince you that we
r are strictly in it when it comes to hats
p This is Dressy
H Fedora in Pearl at $2.50
Ihis is one
of the dress
iest of hate;
a Pearl color
with either
bl'k r pearl
band, and we
5 have marksd it to sell at $2.50.
H A Tempter
j Very Latest $2 50, $3, $3.50
This hat in
either Black,
Brown- or
Pearl, is up-to-date.
The
price puts it
within the
reach of any
one that can afford to wear a hat, $2.50,
$3.00 and $3.50.
: Displayed in Furnishing
EE Goods Window. . .
Dress Qoods
And Silks
We have just received from New
York our first shipment of BAY
ADER DRESS GOODS in pat
terns, no two nlike
Also the latest FANCY CHECK
IN SILK FOR WAISTS. These
silks have proven to be the best
sellers ever in the house. In
Dress Goods we are showing an
elegant line of FANCY WEAVES
at 50c per yard. A beautiful lino
of FRENCH VIGOUREUX in
all the latest shadings nt the pop
ular price of 65c per yard.
Our Silk Department is the sen
sation of the hour. Come aud
look it through.
E3
3
PEASE & flAYS 1
tiiiiiuiiuiuinuiiiiiuiiiiiuiiiiuaiiiuiiiiuiiiuiiiiiiiuiiimiiiiiiiutiuutiiiuiiiiimuiuiiiiiull
ALL 00005 MARKED IN
PLAIN FIGURES
LUMBER !
Lumber
Lumber
Warlike Preps rations Making In America
Viewed With Disfavor at Madrid.
Washington, March 15. The war
preparations being made by tbe
United States, the assembling of ships
at Key West, the purchase of a cruiser
abroad and the emergency measures
in tbe war and navy departments have
come to the official attention of the
Spanish government, and the views of
the Spanish cabinet thereon' have
been communicated to the state de
partment here. This has not taken
the form of a protest, however, as it
does not appear that tbe Spanish gov
ernment claims or asserts the right to
question such measures as the United
States might adopt, even though they
be of a character to indicate prep
arations for war. It is rather
by way of representations, conveyed
in a friendly - spirit and without
threats, as to tha serious influ
ences which these preparations will
have in encouraging tbe Cuban insur
gents at a moment wben the autonomy
plan Is to hare its crucial test through
the Cuban elections, and in this way
defeat the reforms Premier Sagasta is
seeking to carry out.
BAN FKANC1SCO li SAFE.
We carry constantly on hand
a large stock of Rough and
Dressed Lumber .of all kinds.
.SASH AND DOORS.
Paints, Oils and Glass, Building-
Paper, Gedar Shingles, and
Redwood Shingles. . . .
41-JOS. T. PETERS 5 CO.
THE DALLES, OREGON
AM EHEBQEMCI PROPOSITION.
Land Defenses Are Ample te Protect the
Harbor.
San Fhancisco, March 15. The
land defenses of San Francisco harbor
have been greatly strengthened of
late, and military and naval author
ities agree that the presence of the
battleship Oregon is not essential for
the protection of the port. The 10
inch battery at Fort Point has been
reinforctM. by the addition of two guns,
so there are now five 10-fnch rifles in
position.
FiTe 12-inch guns, commanding a
fine sweep of the ocean, can be de
pressed to bring under fire a ship at
tempting to pass through tbe narrow
channel between Lime point and Fort
point. Three more 12-lnch guns at
Fort Baker, together with the li mor
tars aid tbree dynamite guns on the
peninsula can also be brought into
U3e at long or short range.
The great guns on lAme point near
ly 500 feet above tbe water are so high
tbat a plunging fire against the deck
of a ship may be maintained. Alio
these formidable weapons are so situ
ated tbat tbeir fire may be concen
trated on any hostile fleet attempting
to enter the Golden Gate.
Ban Francisco Firm Beady to Build War
ships en Short Notice.
Washington, March 15. Henry S.
Scott, of San Francisco, has made the
following emergency proposition to
the navy department: Tbe Union iron
works will duplicate the Monterey ia
nine months, or build two vessels of
that type in 8 months, or four in 12,
and if the government will let a con
tract for 100 big guns will erect a
modern gun foundry and turn out
ordnance for the vessels and battle
ships now building as well as for com
pleting the defenses at Pacific coast
points.
The offer was taken under advise
ment by Secretary Long, wbo will sub
mit it to the cabinet, and It is the
opinion among some that the presi
dent may order the work inaugurated
under his defense appropriation. ..In
case such a decision Is made, Mr. Scott
will carry back with him contracts
when he leaves on Friday, and the
work will begin at once.
lation in open session, and agreed up
on a joint resolution for tbe accom
plishment of this purpose, which Sena
tor Davis was authorized to .report to
the senate.
Later, in the senate, Chairman
Davis reported a Joint resolution pro
Tiding for annexation of the Hawaiian
islands. Tbe joint resolution went to
tbe calender. Senator Davis did not
give any notice of calling it up.
IS WELL PBOVIHIONED.
Abundance of
Klondike
Kline Under the Maine.
New York, March 15. A Press dis
patch from Key West says:
A shattered section of a submarine
cable containing seven conductors for
setting off mines is in possession of
tbe board of inquiry. The cable led
to a mine under the Maine. The dis
covery was made by divers at the
Maine wreck. This proves tbat the
mine which blew up tbe Maine was
connected with the switchboard ashore,
which was In charge of a trusted and
responsible ageat. .
Taps Was sounded.
Los Angeles, Cal., March 18. Tbe
funeral of General Rosecrans took
place In this city today. It was one of
tbe most impressive and elaborate the
city ever witnessed. Business was
suspended during the ceremony, and
thousands assembled to honor tbe
dead warrior. At 1 o'clock requiem
high mass was celebrated at the cathe
dral, Bishop Montgomery officiating,
assistea by the clergy from all parts
of the diocese. After the service the
military took charge of tbe funeral
services. Tbe ceremony was brief and
at its conclusion an infantry company
fired a salute of three volleys over the
tomb, taps were sounded and the war
rlor was left to bis rest.
Gold in the Street.
San Francisco, March 15. A ledge
of gold-bearing quartz has been found
by men engaged in grading Seven
teenth street, in this city. The street
is being cut through a bluff varying
from 40 to 55 feet high, and about 300
feet long. Three years ago a tunnel
was sunk through the hill to ailow tbe
laying of a large water main to tbe
reservoir on Clarendon Heights, and
ow-grade quartz was thea uncovered.
The quartz which is now declared to
show traces of gold was uncovered by
a blasts
Projectiles for Spain.
Birmingham, England, March 15.
The Eynochs Company has already
dispatched a part of the large Spanish
order for special projectiles standing
4 feet high, the largest ever made by ;
the Kymochs.
. Will Hot Sell Cuba.
Madrid, March IS A semi-official
agency today publishes the following
announcement.
"It is useless to talk of the sale of
Cuba. 1 he sale could not be arrang
ed, except by parliament, and it is im
possible tbat any Spanish chamber
would agree to sell the island at any
price."
Hawaiian Annexation.
Washington, March 16. The sen
ate committee en foreign relations to
day agreed to recommend that tbe
Hawaiian islands be annexed by legls-
Valirornla Fruit Outlook.
LOS ANGELES, March 17. In order
to determine as far as possible tbe ex
tent of tbe damage to fruit in South
ern California caused by the heavy
frosts of last December, the Times
secured the services .of a conservative
man, familiar with horticultural Inter
ests to make a thorough investigation
of tbe matter, as the estimates of tbe
loss were greatly at variance.
As a result It is conservatively esti
mated that one-thjrd of the fruit of
Southern California was more or less
affected, the heaviest burden of the
damage falling upon the lowlands of
Riverside.
A Kansas Prairie Fire.
Cimarron, Kan., March 15. With
the wind blowing 40 miles an hour,
a prairie fire has been raging within
sight of this place, sweeping every.
thing before it. Thousands of acres
of pasture land have been burned off,
aud reports are oomlng in of the loss
of livestock and buildings, but so far no
loss of human life has been heard of.
Food In the
. Keglaa.
Skagway, Alaska, March 12. (Via
Seattle, March 17.) Ben Atwater ar
rived here from Circle City and -Dawson,
N. W. T., bringing 100
pounds of mall from the above places.
Atwater's former home was in Morri
son, 111. He went to tbe Yukon
country in 1886, and has resided there
ever since. Atwater, accompanied by
H. C. Petit, of Snohomish, Wash, left
Circle City January 18 and Dawson
Feb. 8, with dog teams. Tbe trip up
the river and lakes was a hard oae, the
weather being bitterly cold.
Atwater says tbat there is food
enough in the Klondike country to
last the present population two years.
As a consequence of the food scare the
output of the mines will be curtailed.
Ho estimates it at about $3,000,000.
He says there are but few cases of
scurvy in Dawson. Tbe hospital con
tains but 45 inmates, and these have
either met with accidents or are suffer
ing from chronic diseases. Tbe gen
eral health of tbe people is good.
The weather here for the past week -
has been mild and springlike, and the
warm south wind and the sua are play
ing havoc with the winter trail, which
follows the river for a distance of eight
miles. Hundreds of people are making
their way over the divide, however,
undeterred by wind or weather. The
snow has entirely disappeared from
the streets, which are now muddy be
yond conception.
The Spanish Torpedo -Boats.
Madrid, March 15. The Spanish
terpedo - flotilla, which sailed . from
Cadiz Sunday, ostensibly for Porto
Rico, will only call there for provisions,
etc., and will afterwards leave for Ha
vana. A seconi Spanish flotilla will
soon start for Cuban waters and will
probably be statlosed at Porto Rico.
Bollaa Besleg-ed.
New York. March 16. A, Herald
dispatch from Manila says:
Tbe Philippine rebels surrounded
tbe cable station at Bollna on March
7, and 33 Spanish soldiers wen killed.
A steamer which was sent on March 8,
to relieve the garrison was obliged to
return, owing to a renewal of the fusil
lade. Four priests at the garrison
from neighboring towns were massacr
ed. Belina was subsequently relieved
by General Moret. Tne Insurgent loss
was heavy.
Gold Coming From Anstralla.
San Francisco, March 17. The
Oceanic Steamship Company steamer
Alameda, now on her way from Aus
tralia to San Francisco, has on board
$3,500,000 tn gold. This Is the largest
amount of treasure ever brought inbn
this port by a single vessel.