TSSUET EVERY SATUBDAY ; BY j. nOUTHIT, Fublltir. BUBSCBIFTIOX BATES. DAILY 6 ix Months tn A WM wwiiimwuii.. WEEKLY UMYnr.lj oail c: MA-.k ...... - PMJNWMtMV . . AUnbscrlptions Payable to Advance. SATURDAY..... . . . AUGUST 15, 1896 StP'PLt AND DEMAND. At a rule those who - advocate a single gold standard refuse to take in to consideration the laws of supply and demand as .being an element in fixing ValueiTand base their argument ,olely noon the commercial values of nTBtaUftted by legislation. In this . ')iAybecbi9edeoidedlycAfaaed. They recognize only gold as a 'money metal, or the basis on which values are reck- - - oned, instead of viewing both gold and silver as convenient, mediums of ex- change; and on this Account wnfound their statements in a manner that con fuses rather than enlightens the or dinary seeker for knowledge.' For in . stance it is stated that free coinage of ' silver at the ratio of 16 tp 1, means tbattbacwners-of. silver. .wilLonakea profit of 87 per cent, by taking silver bullion to the. mint and having it coined into dollars. . On the other band, it is claimed that free silver coinage means a debased currency and a reduction of the present purchasing power of the dollar to one half. Wow, 'if the latter statement be true, the former is untrue. If tbe.eolnftge. of. silyer ftddsnothlng to its purchasing power, then Its own ers can make no profit by passing such a- measure. If, "on the other hand, free , . coinage raises the purchasing power of silver, so that silver owners make the profit of 87 per cent, it follows'that '" ' Jtfie assertions of suverites that coinage governs bullion values is correct. Hence the charge' that free coinage means a depreciated currency is un sound. ' " ' ' When the law declares that so many grains of gold or silver shall constitute - a dollar andbecome legal tender, -it at once opens an enormous fiild for their - employment and creates for them an - almost unlimited demand. - Hence, - V market values are governed by coinage laws. Of course. If the coinage of a metal were fx 3(1 below .what its bul lion value was before the coinage law ; was passed, the law would be inopera tive, for no one would wish to sacrifice part of the commodity 'value of bis possessions. Thaa gold owes to legis lation its high value to-day, no one who has studied the question, and who understands the law of supply and de. mand, will deny. The value conferred by law upon gold, ..is a monopolistic value, by which it is given an ex clusive privilege of settling debts.. To illustrate this proposition more fully, let us suppose that the government could 'pass a law declaring that corn should not be used as an article of food . and that . wheat alone should be con sumed as a bread stuff.' What would be the result? The demand for wheat would increase, and in: consequence the price of wheat would advance, while the price of corn would go down to the leyel of.the demandfor it as a ' commodity other than . a - bread stuffy : Thus the law of sup "rply and demand Would govern the ' price of each grain. From wheat hav- riag bai declared the oBly bread sniff," the demand foe it would. iporease And --censeqnentiy-lts price wmrtd advance"," while the demand for corn having been decreased the price would. faltT . Then to carry, .this .supposition ' further. . Suppose this state of affairs to exist for - twenty-three years-, for instance' front . 1873 to the present time; The holders of wheat -would be able' tq demand -- whatever price they chose, and the ' consumers of bread stuffs would be forced', to submit "to ' their demands, ' while the holder of corn could only get : what was offered for bis grain, since ' Its consumption is' regulated by. "lpgis- 'latlon. Then suppose the discrinjina - tlon against corn were removed, and it ""were allowed to be used as an article of. food, the price of corn would suddenly rise from an Increase In the demand, -while the price of . wheat would fail, y since the demand for It would be . lessened. '. '..';' .:' ' ' . i When the same laws of supply ..and demand are applied to gold and silver ,as money metals, similar- results will be witnessed. In 1873, by an act of congress, silver was- demonetized, or in other words, was no longer recog sized as a primary money metal. At that time a silyer dollor of 371.25 grains pure sliver, or 412.5 grains of standard silver, was wotyh $1,004 In gold. . But by that act the demand for silver i was decreased, and its price gradually declined until a year ago It wa worth only 49.1 cents in gold. Or perhaps more correctly speaking, the demand for gold having been increased by legislatton,its purchasing power was increased to the, extent that it would . buy twice as much silver as It would before the latter metal waa relegated from a money metal- to a commodety, .JJow spppose this embargo against " ailvar shall be removed and . it .shall be recognized "as a primary ' money, what .will be. tb result? The demand for silver will be in - creased and its price - will ad Vance,' while the demand for gold will be les- - jenedAnd.lu purchasing power will . iL JThe price of. both these metals will then be governed by the law of -supply and demand. They will tend to regulate each other, and an the demand for one Increases or diminishes its price will rise or fall. ' The final re sult will ber ths, the too metals will circulate side by aide, each, governing the price ! tha other, and as the sup ply of silver in the world at the present time is some sixteen ounces to one of gold, that la the price the laws .of sup- nlv and demand would dictate If it were recognized as a primary money, without any "' legislative restraints. Hence with legislative discrimination in favor of gold removed, the price . of tbetwo metals would speedily, adjust Itself in accordance with the supply and demand, resulting eventually In a most perfect fytm of bimetallism. .ZEE- "PAimm-iV BANKS. The banks in the money centers of America are coming to the relief of the treasury, putting up their gold for legal tender notes, and thereby keep ing the gold reserve intact and avoid ing the necessity of another bond issue. This is kind of them; indeed it is patri otic Just ft this time, on the eve of a presidential election. But what they are doing now Is suggestive of what they might have done years ago, and naturally brings : up some remines cences of the past. 7 Take eleven year prior to the pas-; sge of the Sherman Act In 1890, says ' theS. F. Examiner, the redeemablllty in gold of our $346,000,000 of green backs had been maintained without friction or inconvenience to the gov ernment. The treasury had a legal right to pay Its notes In either gold or silver, but the demands for redemption were so small that no embarrassment was caused by allowing the holders to choose the kind of coin they preferred. The Sherman Act added a new ele ment to the currency about $150,000, 000 of notes issued in payment t r sil ver bullion and redeemable in coin. It wa? expected by congress that these notes would be habitually redeemed in silver, and that the bullion for whose purchase thy were Issued would be coined for that purpose. But the Harrison administration decided that this bullion should be treated as junk, and that the notes should be paid in gold on demand. This policy Increased the gold obligations of the govern ment by about 40 per cent, while fail ing revenues and increasing expendi tures were diminishing its ability to 'meet them.' ' - Soon after the passage of the Sher man Act the banks seem to. have de cided that" t be" time had come for a systematic and prolonged "object lesson-' that would not only scare the country into stopping silver purchases, but would induce it definitely to adopt the gold standard. Up to that time the great, bulk of the- customs reve nues had been paid In gold. The first Sherman notes were issued In August. 1890. . At the end of that month there were only 3.639,001) of them outstanding, and of these 454.451 had been gathered up and paid into the custom-house at New -York for duties. At the end of the next month there were $8,069,000 in Sherman notes outstanding, of which. .$1,734,404 had been paid in for customs at New York. In two months the proportion of cus toms duties paid in gold at New York had fallen from 95.4 to 85.6 per' cent, and the proportion paid in Sherman notes had risen from nothing to ll per cent. The next month "the payments in Sherman notes increased to 15.5 per cent, while those in gold declined' to 81.1. In June, 1893, not a single cent was paid In gold, while 35 per cent of the total payments were in Sherman notes; ' This object-lesson was-successful, with the help of the closing of the In dian mints and heavy'deinands on the treasury for the redemption of both greenbacks and Sherman notes- in gold, in securing the stoppage , of sil ver purchases. But there still re mained the definite adoption of the gold standard and the retirement of greenbacks. . . The Sherman-note 'scareorow, hav ing served Its turn, was promptly dropped. The customs payments in such notes at New York fell off to 1.7 per cent in September, 1895, or ' less than one-half as much, when there were $143,666,280 of such notes out standing, as in the very first month of the law, when only $3,609,000 of them had been issued. It was the turn of greenbacks to serve as the object les son. In February, 1894. (the month of the first bond issue), they constituted 20.5 per cent of the customs payments at New York; November of the 'same year (the month of the second bond issue), 55 per cent; "in February, 1895 (the month of the syndicate loan), 63.1 per cent, and-, in September- of the same year, 781 per cent: rand stlU con gress did not retire them. Meanwhile gold, which importers had 'Ceased- to pay into the .treasury, the bankers were rapidly drawing out. '. In February, 1894, the month of the first bond issue,. they drew. $49,193,354 by" putting In" greenbacks' and treasury notes and demanding gold. Of this tfceyv exported 81,068,335 and stacked the other $18,000,000 away. . In November,. 4894. the month of the secood bond issue, they' drew $7,799, 747, all of which they Kept, importing $1,507,388 in addition." They" whetted their appetites and during the next two months they had depleted the treasury of $37,024,959 of the gold they had just loaned it, ' . ..: ". They sent $34,122,928 of this to Eu rope and kept the remainder in their vaults. ..Then the Belmonts, Roth schilds and Morgana saved the treas ury by buying $62,316,400 of bonds at 104, the same' bonds 'selling in the market from 1194 -to 124 as soon as" they were offered to the public. This process, has' continued steadily Until, the present time! ' . .When we were.buyiug silver under the Sherman Act we were told that if the purchases were stopped the drain on the treasury stock-of gold would be relieved. The, purchases were stopped and the banks have drawn more gold from the -treasury than they had done' before in the whole period since the resumption of specie payments. Now-they are be coming alarmed at their own work. The '.'object lesson" la not working aa they expected and' they are patriotic ally returning to the treasury some of the gold they took out. But note the process. The metal was withdrawn by pre senting legal tender notes and de manding their payment in gold. The gold Is now returned In exchange for the same notes. . But under the policy initiated by Harrison and Foster and continued by Cleveland' and Carlisle the government simply holds that goldjon deposit for the holders of these notes. They can withdraw it again whenever they choose. They have shown that their appetite for bonds is insatiable. Only the necessity of pan derlng to public opinion In the cribis of this campaign restrains tbem from forcing a new bond issue now. The Oregonian never loses an oppor tunity to hit the iarmcr a rap, seem ingly having an utter contempt for the horny-fisted sons of toil. In an editor ial yesterday it saidt "Farmers think the silver standard will not hurt them. because they do not work for' wages and because they own . few securities to shrink in value. , , They think they oc cupy a nappy position between the laboring man and the capitalist, where they profit at the cost of both, paying both the farm laborers and the mort gage creditor in money, of half value aud selling their products for twice as much nominal and the same real value as now." What have the. farmers of Oregon ever done to justify the lead ing paper of the., state thus- accusing them of dishonesty? The farmers do not want to repudiate their debts, but they want a money that will bring the price of their products to what it wax twenty years ago. ' r If reports are true, the contractors at Cascade Locks will within a few days again begin dredging at the upper end of the canal. Would it not be bet ter if the government engineers would postpone this work until the inner walls are completed? The channel leading to the canal can be of no use until the locks can be operated; then by not do the more Important work first? - : " IT 13 HO PHAN10M. Nothing so moves the demo-populist silver agitator and fanatio to frantic fury as the object lesson of the Mexican 'oUar. It is absolutely unanswerable. It paralyzes all his sophistical argu ment), and leaves him nothing but his sputter and frothy rage. Oregonian Really, we bad not heard of any 'demo-populist silver agitators" view ing, the depreciated Mexican dollar as a phantom or ghost to disturb their tranquility and cause them to feel any uneasiness concerning the final result In case the mints of the United States are opened to the unlimited coinage of silver. The "sliver agitator" if be knows anything at all, knows without telling that the silver dolla.- of Mexico goes at its bullion value, which is, at present prices of the two metals, about 54 cents; and he knows too that the immediate result of free coinage would be to bring our silver coins down very nearly to their bullion value for a time, bus wnen be tair.es into con sideration the supply of the two metals in the world., he .has abundant and reasonable foundation for the belief that the buliiOD value of both gold and silver will rapidly adjust themselves to prices that will bring them . very . nearly to the ratio of sixteen ounces of silver to one of gold whenever this nation adopts free silver. .Were the. United States a weak gov ernment, both in population and wealth, as Mexico is, any action it might take with reference to the stand ard of money would have little or no effect upon the condition-of finances in other nations. ' But when it is con sidered that the United States has one- twentieth the population and one-sixth the money metal of the entire world, it-cannot be denied.' that whatever action she may take with reference to money will have an Influence In de termining the value of money metals throughout the universe. Of the $7,833,000,000 of metallic ' money dis trlbuti'd among the civilized nations, the Btock held In the United States is $1,285,000,000. According to' the re port" of the' director of the United States mint, based on a ratio of about 15 to 1, the" money metals -were distributed among the different f countries as follows a year ago: Countries. Gold Stock Silver Stock .S 661,600.000 1624,(00,000 United States.... United Kingdom.. France .... .. Germany.......... Belgium;...'. Italy...... ........ Switzerland ... -640,000,000 soo.eoo.ooQ 618,000.0 O ' 64,000,000 S6.OCO.000 16,000,000 600.000 ",0GO,0CO 112,000.000 600,000,000 215.000,0(0 64,900,(0 J 16,600,000 16.000.0CO Greece .. Spain... 8,000.000 166,000,000 10.000.0IO 85,000.000 66.0(0,0 W 12,000,0 0 ' 41.000.0C0 44,000,1 0) 7,COO,0k.O 16,0(0.0(0 6b,ooeooo 8,000,000 80,000,000 81,800,000 &6o,ooo,ooo 726,000,000 Ho.000,000' 6.000,000 4,400jtfOO Portugal 40,t00,000 Austra-Hungary . . 124.000,000 lB.OOu.lCO 8,000,000 Netherlands. ... Scandinavian Union. Russia 422,10 ',000 Turkey.... .. SO,000,00 Australia- ..... 103,000,000 Egypt 120,000,(00 Mexico 6,000,000 Central America.... South America...... 45,000,000 Japan. 80,700.000 India.....; China The Straits.......... ' Canada.... ....'... Cuba, Hajtl, eto .. 14.ooo.ooo 21.ooo.ooo Total .S3.901joo.ooo $3,S31,loo.ooo The fact that Mexico, with a pooii lation of little over 11,500,000, three-fourths of whom are an inferior type of humanity, and with only $55, 000,000 of metal money in stock, has not' been able to affect the money values of the world by allowing the free coinage of utlver at her mints the past nineteen years, and that her sil ver dollars are rated at their bullion I value, , is no assurance the United t Rf.nKaa 'nrltY, a nm,i,ln',,'nn . Tf AAA AAA and a stock of . $1,285,000,000 in metal money could, not. Hence the 54 cent Mexican dollar is no scare crow to the silyer agitator. Suppose the argument of the gold standard people is true, that the open ing of the United States mints to. the. unlimited coinage of silver would drive our gold Into other gold-standard countries, what effect would it have upon the value of gold? Would ndt the dumping of $661,000,000 of gold In to Great Britain, Franoe and Germany, where, it would naturally go, have the . - tendency to . increase the supply and diminish the demand? Those three countries combined have $1,958,000,000 in gold. Add to this the $661,000,000 gold held in this country and the supply would be increased one third, and- according to the natural Taws cf supply and demand the price of gold would at once fall one-third. Besides to get our gold they would be forced to give something in return, and that something would be silver. Since they have, only $827,000,000 of silver their stock would be almost ex hausted, and again applying the laws of supply and demand, and the price of silver would rise, for even those gold standard countries, like our own, must have silver for subsidiary coins.- With these circumstances existing; the de liberate reasoner, who 'lays' aside prejudice to the extent that he is able to take in the questions of supply and demand as governing the value of money as it does the prices of other commodities, his reasoning leads him to this inevitable result: The remone tlzation of silver by this nation a'one, will, within a very short time,' bring it to a parity with gold at a ratio which the relative amounts of the two metals in the world would dictate,- which is very nearly sixteen ounces of silver to one of 'gold, hence .the Mexican dollar .does not hang as a phantom, to frighten away, his reason; :' ATTENTION, MR. MITCHELL. ' The Times-Mount AdEEft appre ciates the services you Lave rendered Oregon during the many years you have been in the United States senate, and at the same time recognized your ability to still, render additional and beneficial services, nor does it at this time' desire to appear as attempting to threaten your defeat at the legislature next January. - But a condition exists in Eastern Oregon that rises above every other question of politics, and to this your attention is. called. The im mediate and future prosperity of this section depends upon the speedy re moval of obstructions to the free navi gation of the Columbia. By reason of your official position and your Influ ence with the -departments at Wash ington, it 1b within your power to facil itate the work already begun and that under contemplation, and also to ma terially aid in effecting an agreement between the engineers' corps and the state authorities whereby the portage road at the Caseacfea maybe operated. You expect to go before the next Oregon legislature for re-election, and to secure your election you must have at least a portion of the votes from Eastern Oregon. Can you expect to get those, even of your own party, . so long as their interests are not receiv ing your immediate attention? Can you expect them to return you to the United States senate when you are not interesting yourself in a matter that is of greatest importance to them and their constituents? At the present time you are in a position to serve the people of Eastern Oregon well " and faithfully, and earn their coinmenda tion, or you are ic a position to thwart their every hope, and merit their ever lasting displeasure. The opoortunity Is open for you 10 take the side of the people, or, by your silence, to furthui the interests of a corporation that profits by the Columbia river remain lag closed. On which side will you be found? Whose votes do you want In the next legislature? AID FROM OU11 CKEDI'TOHS. "Because the United States is a debtor nation it cannot dictate to its money system or institute a measure that will lead to bimetalism. for should it do so, the creditor nations would sink it into bankruptcy" is a favorite arguments of the gold press at the present time. And it is further asserted that, "should the United btates adopt the unre stricted coinasre of silver It would be repudiation of our foreign obligations. Are . there not-two sides to these questions? Lot us see. Let us con sider the situation of our foreign cred itors from a business -standpoint and see if they, instead of sinking us into bankruptcy, will not aid us in bring ing about a most perfect system of bi metalism. It is of course to their ad vantage that our public obligations to them, both principal and interest, bo paid in the dearest money possible, which is gold, but as our interest bear ing public debt Is payable in coin, the creditors have no option as to what metal they shall receive. The same Is true with regard ;o a large amount of our railroad and Other bonds held abroad. The holdings of American securities in England, France and Germany are very great, reaching Into billions of dollars, and these secureties are held by the men who dictate the financial policies of those nation's. What course will those men pursue when they are convinced that the United States ' has determined that their secureties, both principle and interest, are payable iu other coin besiies gold? Will it be to their interest to suffer their nations to discriminate against a' money which they are forced to receive? Assuredly hot. It will be to their interest to make the money which they must re ceive 'of full and equal value with the recognized standard money of the gold countries. If ' they are to be paid In silver, they will want that silver to have an equal purchasing power with gold, and their energies will be exerted in making'it so by causing silver to be recognized as a standard money in their respective countries.' And since the supply of the two metals is so nearly equal, based on a ratio of sixteen ounces to one of gold, the logical method for them to pursue would be to establish a system of bimetalism throughout the commercial nations of Europe on that basis. Hence as con servative and far-seeing business men. In order to protect themselves, It will be to their interest to aid in bringing silver to an equal value with gold In j stead of attempting to further depre ciate It and sink a silver-standard country into bankruptcy." Instead of being our enemies and enemies to our financial system, they - will be our friends. - - - ' The condition of our European cred itors finds a parallel - in the circum stances existing betweet the bankers of The Dalles and the wool raisers of Eastern Oregon today.. There are be tween seven and eigbt million" pounds of wool stored hero.- The banks of this city haye extended large credits to the holders of this wool. In order that these credits shall be met, it is to the interest of the bankers that the wool shall command the highest possible price; that is that the purchasing power of the wool be raised instead of lessened 'The bankers want and are entitled to the return of every dollar they have advanced to the wool raiser, and they are exerting every means in aiding their clients to realize every dollar possible on their product, not to lessen the value of the wool which rep resents the property or the money of their clients. Our . foreign creditors are in the same position. Now they want their interest paid in gold, be cause It Is the standard money of the world, but when they are convinced that their interest will be paid in ell ver, it will be -stand then in hand to aid in enhancing the purchasing power of that metal. This can be accom plished by increasing its demand. which can and will be the result when it Is recognized as a money metal by the world. Therefore when the United States leads off by removing the re striction of its coinage, our creditors will be compelled to force the remon- etization of silver in their own nations. H. K Thurburtbf New York,' member of the executive committee of the American Protective Tariff League and who handled the list of contribu tions to the Harrison campaign fund of 1892, is out for Bryan and f-ee coin age. He says: "I verily, believe that Bryan and Sewall will win in this fight. It is an uprising of the people against oppression. I think the result in November will open" the eyes of the republicans." Mr. Tburbur Is one of those who considers free silver a bet ter protective measure to American Industry than Drbteciio- Itself. The Indian medi cine man cures by charms and incan tations. ' He fright ens away the " evil spirit" who cause. the sickness. He does all sorts of things that civilized people would call idiotic and barbaric, but' the . civilized folks are not so very much ahead after all. They do just as foolish things a does the medicine man. They go along carelessly, and' al low the little sickness to grow into the big sickness. They allow constipation to grow into indigestion, neartourr, nizzi ness, headache, insomnia, and a junclre other distressing conditions. Tliey d. this frequently because they do not know the cause of their trouble. It is a pretty safe rule to look for the source of 9-iotlis of human sickness in this one simple and appallingly prevalent trouble. Another foolish thing that smart people-do is to take some alleged remedy for xonstipa tion and keep on taking it, day after day. month after month and year after year. Perhaps it is better to take the medicine than not to take it at all, but of course if -they stop taking it, 'their trouble will come back. This last statement is true of every other medicine prepared for this purpose except Dr. Pierce's Pleasant Pel lets. One v Pellet " is a gentle laxative, and two a mild catharic They are gentle and efficient in their action, permanent in their results. Yon don't become a slave to their use, as with other pills. ' The People's Ce-nmbtt Becae Kedlcal Adviser, in plain Ea- flish, or Medicine Simplified by .V. Pierce, M- D..ChierConsnlt lng Physician to the Invalids' Ho tel and Surgical Institute, BuSalo, N. Y- 100S pens. Illustrated. 6S0.000 copies sold at $1 50. How sent, psper-boond, absolctblt pass on receipt of n one-cent stamps to pay for mailing onfa , jililuss Um Antbor. as above. WHICH SHALL IT BET The danger to our free institutions from the centralization of wealth, and the possibility of the money power gaining control of the reins of govern ment, was one which our early states' men sought to guard againBt, and in eloquent terms did they warn the people to beware of this threatening menace to popular government, Washington, Jefferson; Jackson' and Webster all raised their voices caution ing the masses against risking too much authority in " the hands of the classes. And the martyred president Abraham" Lincoln, whose sympathies were wholv with the common people. and who was nearer to the people than any other man of bis time, soon after the close of the war, saw this danger. and he asserted that it caused him more anxiety for the safety of his country than even the rebellion la a message to the thirty-seventh congress (see pages 309-210 Barrett's Life of Lincoln) he said: "Monarchy itself is - sometimes hinted at as a possible refuge from the power of the people. In my present position I could scarcely be justified were I to omit raising a warning voice against approachingdespotism. There is one point to which I ask a brief at tention. It is the effort to place cap! til on an equal footing with, If not above, labor in the structure of the government. Let them beware of sur rendering a political power, which they already have, and Which if surrendered will .surely be used to close the door of advancement against such as they, and to fix new disabilities afid burdens upon them till all of liberty shall be lost." Then In a subsequent letter Mr, Lincoln expressed his fears of the en croachment of the money power as follows: : " "It has Indeed been' a trying hour for the republic; but I soa In the near future a crisis approaching that un nerves me and causes me 'to tremble for the safety of my country. ' As a re sult of the war, corporations have been enthroned and an era' of corrup tion In high places will follow,, and the money power of the country will endeavor to prolong Its reign by work- i ig upon the prejudices of the people, until ail wealth is aggregated In a few hands and the republic is destroyed I feel at this moment more anxiety for the safety of my country than ever in the midst of war. May God grant that my suspicions may prove groundless. Indeed the great Lincoln was almost prophetic la'hl-t suspicions. What he feared would result has come to pass. Wefind.at this time our government in the bands of corporations and the money power. In every branch of government, In our state legislatures, in our house of representatives, in our senate and on the bench we find the representatives of corporations pre dominating. . And as President Lincoln said they would do, the money power Is endeavoring to "prolong Its reign by working upon the prejudice of the people" imploring them to main tain the honesty of the currency and at the ame time elect to.: the highest office in the gift of the people, One who Is bound body and soul to admlnl-ter a government for tne classes. Will the people be thus gulled into barter . ing away their liberty by electing to the presidency the direct representa tive of the corporations, and aid the money power to tighten the yoke of financial bondage about t'ieir necks? Are they ready to surrender their rigbt to rule this nation and turn it over to the-classes? Or will they heed the warning of grand, old honest Abe Lincoln and elect to the presidency a man whom the corporations, the trusts, the money brokers abhor? BRYAN'S ; GREAT SPEECH. , The speech delivered by William J. Bryan In response to the formal noti fication of his nomination at Madison Square gardens on Wednesday was In deed a masterly effort. Mr. Bryan went over every-material feature of the Chicago platform, and ably de fended every point that has been as sailed by the opposition. . There were few flights of eloquence, but rather the orator discarded eloquence for a time, and entered into a logical and forceful discussion of the principles enunciated In the democratic declarations of prin ciples, showing his ability to success fully meet all comers in public debate. Hitherto Bryan has been recognized as one of the most eloquent orators in the land, but since his speech of ac ceptance has been delivered, bis bitter est enemies must acknowledge that his ability as a debater Is second to none in the nation. He has proven himself a deep reasoner, one who states facts so plainly that they carry conviction, and at the same time his. argument is suoh that it- cannot be successfully met by his opponents. - WHAT WE ARE LuSISQ The people of Eastern Oregon are sometimes criticised for being so clam orous in their demands for the open ing of the Columbia river to free nav igation, but when it Is taken into con sideration that they ar . losing thou sands of dollars every year through not being able to utilize.: this great, water way to transport their products - to market, tbey -would be justified in becoming fanatical on the subject of an open-riveisA-falnt idea "Of what J would be saved to Easts?nr Oregon In freight rates were the Columbia river opened to free navigation can be gained from the conditions that existed prior to the eptablishing of the D. P. & A.N, Co. line and now.. Then freight charges on wheat from The. Dalles to Portland were 101 cents a bushel, now they are 6.6 cents; the rate on wool was 50 cents a hundred, now it Is 25. But a better Idea of what benefits will accrue from the opening of the river can be gained from what' has ieen accomplished in reducing freight rates by the opening of the -Soo caual it SaultSte. Maria. - This new lock ha brei rabout nine years In bullalng, and cost the gov ernment aboat $5,030,003. It has a length of SOO feet between gates, and a A-ldth of 100 feet, accommodating ves sels that draw 21 feet of water. This outlet. of Lake Superior passed last year 17,956 vewels, having a ton age of 16,806,781. - Commerce apparently jus tifies the outlay. And so does the -avicg of freights; for It is computed that, whereas In 1837 the average barge for the transportation of freight between the ports of Lake auperioif and the lower lakes was 2.3 mills per ton pr mile,- last year, it was only 99 of a mili per ton jer mile. In 1859 it cost 15 cents to carry a bushel ot corn from Chicago to aunaio. -in 1895 it was carried for of a cent. In 1897 it cost 4 2o to carry a ton of iron ore from the mines of Lake Superior to the ports of Lake Erie. Now It costs 50 cents per ton.. Low Ireignta have undoubtedly helped to .stimulate I the wonderful iron production of the ' upper lake region, just as an open river at The Dalles and Cascades of the Columbia will help the farmers of the Inland Empire. . . With such results haying been ac complished by the opening of the Soo canal, is It any wonder that the people of the Inland Empire want the ob structions to navigation of the Colum bia removed? With millions of pounds of wool and millions of bushels cf tvhay to ship, is It unreasonable for us to demand of our senators and re presentatives that they urge the hasty completion of the locks and the boat railway? Let Senators Mitchell and McBride and Congressman Ellis con sider what their constituents in East ern Oresou are losing every year by being forced to pay a railroad to carry their products to market, and what they would save by being permitted to use the great water way which nature has given them, and our honorable senators and representative will -be ashamed that they have not labored more incessantly for the opening of the river. EDITORIAL NOTES. All our public obligations are par able In "coin.". They do not read payable In "gold" or piyable in "sil ver." Then why will it be repudiation to pay them in the commodity specified in the contract? McKinley stands today as the candi date of the corporations, the trusts and brokers; Bryan stands as the candi date of the masses. Our interests are with the masses, therefore we take our stand on the side of the candidate of the people. ' The advocates of McKinley who so vigorously denounce all opposition as anarchists, socialists and traitors might do well to bear In mind the fact t'-at no man ever vindicated himself or his cause by spitting In the face of his opponent. The Denver Times states that "visi tors from the interior of the state re port that the American flag floats over nearly every country home and mining camp." No one would surmise that a lot of "anarchists'," and "crazy free eilverltes" would make such use of old glory" as this. The republican managers say that the public must be educated on the money question, and they propose to give them free tuition during the next few months. The people are willing to be educated, but they claim the right to construe the text books ac cording to their own ideas.- The Irish World will not Support McKinley, 'though It has been ultra protection for years. It has a wide circulation and wields a big Influence. Boss Hanna's organs have made no mention of. this, although they are quick to record the flop of even the sorriest democratic newspaper. Congressman Ellis Will be in The Dalles today, and while he Is here let every citizens of the place who has an Interest In the opening of the Cas cade Locks wait upon him, and urge his immediate action. A congressman is the servant, of all the people and they have a right to insist that he serve their Interests. It is a safe proposition that ridicule is never resorted to so long as logical argument is ..available. Hence the amount of ridicule indulged in bv the Oregoniaa in its efforts to bolster up the "cause of McKinlev. Having exhausted its stock upon Mr. Bryan it now turns on Mrs. Bryan and. c ills her an "unsophisticated Country- bred woman." - - Besolutlons of Condolence. ' WHEREAS, It has pleased the Su preme Master Workman of the uni verse ' to remove from our midst .the dearly beloved of brother and sister Kref t, and we their brothers and sisters in the Degree of Honor being desir ous of expressing our earnest and af fectionate sympathy with the house hold thus deeply bereaved, thei-tlure be it, Resolved, That we tenderly condole with the family of the deceased in their hour of trial and affliction, and de voutly bid them find consolation in the belief that all is well with her for whom we mourn. Resolved, That while we deeply sympathize with those who were bound to our oepartea irtena by tne nearest and dearest ties, e share with them the hope of a reunion in that better world, where there are no partings, no heartaches, no tears. ... Resolved, That these resolutions be transmitted to the family of the de ceased, as a token of respect for the Christian character of the dear girl gone to her rest, and the interest felt by the lodge in those she loyed and cherished. Resolved, That these resolutions be spread upon the records of this lodge and a copy thereof, be transmitted to each of the dally papers. 1 MAHGABst.C. Herein, MatildA Korden, EJ ane'JBussell, . . Committee. AM ARMLESS NIMROO. Msgs Game Than Any Other nan In Um Suae Cvmtj, Aa armless Nimrod is the wonder of the peopls and the envy of the sports men of Sucks county, says the Phila delphia Record. Ho la John Simon, oC Zioa Hill, and &la prowess is -some-' thing marvelous. Simon's arms were 1 ground off above la -elbows in tns j chinery a fswyecrs agrj, pet bis love j of bunting spurred his Ingenuity, and i be overcame bia seeming insurmounta ble obstacle. He straps bis Bingle-bar-! rel. breech-loading hammerless mm to Jus right arm, And whan he sights game Ae swmgs tne. piece over the stump of his left arm, takes quick aim and fires, generally, with telling effect. His mode of loading Is as uniqe as his shooting. He carries , the shells in his hat, and when he wants one bows low, drops bis hat on the ground, pulls out the empty shell .with' his teeth and in a similar manner loads, then pushing bis bead into his bat to re-cover his head. . . Despite . his affliction, Simon - -haadone some of the best shooting in Bucks county the past year, jus record standing: Sixteen opossums, five pheasants, five dozen blackbirds, thirty seven rabbits and. twenty-cme quail. TbatDr. Howard who was reorted to have attempted to commit suliHe by dropping into the river at Astoria recently, has just the kind of a wife to admire, and he would bo afoot to want to leave her and seek a pluckier com panion In heaven. The little woman's Ire has been raised by the teports cir culated regarding her "worser hairs" escapade, and invites those-who ars circulating reports about the doctor to call at her residence where she wil) convince them that they are econom ical with the truth. Treasurer's Call. All warrant registered prior to July 9, 1892, will be paid at my office, next door to T. A. Hudson's, Washington street. Interest ceases after August 13, 1996. C. L. 'Phillips, : ' County Treasurer. THE POLITICAL POT All Party Managers are San--guine of Success. CAUSED BY HEAT Hundreds Have Fallen Victims to the Heat in New York and Chicago. The .Fatalities in Chicago are Greater Than They Have Been in Nineteen Xears Thermometer Regis tered US at Troy.. WASHlNOTdN, Aug.-ll. Political af fairs are quiet at the several headquar ters. The weather seems to affect the politicians. At republican headquar ters letters from Kansas, Iowa and Missouri all gpoke of improvement In the political outlook, and said all that was needed was to get quantities of financial literature. . The democratic campaign committee Issued a document today on th "busi ness men's campaign." It says that the republicans propose such a cam paign, and that the democracy accepts the issue. . ' . The document first quotes ? Mr. Bryan's declaration that the farmer or the hired employe Is as much a bus iness man as the banker or the' big merchant. It then gives a list of the number .of persons employed In 14 gainful pursuits, including agricul ture, mining, manufacturing, trans portation, the purpose being to show the comparatively small percentage comprised under the head of bankers, broker, wholesalers and corporation officers, are business men, while from the democratic standpoint the millions of farmers, producers and laborers of all classes art, as much business men as the few who live, thrive and grow rich by trading la the products of abor. A CRUSADE CF BLOOD. Japanese Troops Against Katlves of For- "VlCT ia, Aug, 11. From far For--mosa, where for upwards of a year Japanese trcoDS have been vainly striving to crush out the seeds of post bellum opposition to Japanese innova tions, comes a story which, for bar barous cruelty, and defiant Violation of all ethics of civilization, has fortunate ly few parallels in history. The terrible tale of rapine, murder and wanton cruelty reached here by the steamer Empress of Japan, and fully bears out the statement on the situation In Formosa given publicity by the Rev. Dr. Mackay on his return to that Island six months ago. Other eqnaily credible correspond ents aro now the witnesses against Japan, and the burden of their arraign ment Is that, seeing neither fame nor profit to be gained in the subjugation of the Formosans by the arts of modern warfare, recognized as legitimate by' civilized nations, the Japanese troqps sent to the island have embarked in a crusade of blood, their object being to crush out all signs of discontent by as far as possible exterminating the na tive population., - In this campaign there were no for eign powers to make protest, no foreign press representatives to herald to the. world the atrocities, the telling of which would bring upon Japan the contempt of all enlighleued people, Says the Talnanfu representative of the China Mail: "As a result, the policy of exter mination has been zealously pursued from the beginning of the campaign and what, with the destruction of their crops, the burning of their villages, the desecration of the' graves of their loved ones, the violation of their wives and daughters, and the butchery of their innocent children, the people are driven to the last expedients of desper ation." CHICAGO UK AT a LIST. Twenty-Four Fatal Froetratlons la Twen- - ty -Four Hours. . CHICAGO, Aug. 11. Twenty-four deaths in Chicago during the past 24 hours from the direct effects of the heat is the record. ' One hundred and sixty-four deaths were reported to the health department. This is the heaviest list for one day sinoe 1877, during the smallpox epidemic Of these unfor tunates a large number were old per sons and children who died either from diseases aggravated by hot weather or from summer ailmeute. Thirty-seven were reported as dying from sunstroke, but not all of them perished. The listed prostrations were 88, making a total for the day of deaths and prostrations 112. AH day long yesterday hospital at tendants were busy applying remedies to the victims of . the intense heat. Never before in Chicago has the heat been so deadly to animals life, horses, cattle and smaller : animals dying by scores from its effect; NATIONAL COUMIiTfE MEETING Democrats Appoint "Executive and Cam t palxn Committee. - New York, Aug. 11. The demo cratic committee met today. Senator Gorman offered a resolution that the chair appoint5 a committee of 25 to be known as the executive committee, and a committee of Za to be known as the campaign committee, Chairman Jones to be an ex offico member of each committee. The resolutions were adopted without dissent. Gorman followed them up with these. "Re solved, that the campaign committee, when appointed, shall in conjunction with the chairman of the national committee, select permanent bead quarters for the natioual committee." It Is thought that the headquarters will be located at Washington with branches in New York and Chicago. Are Beady for Slgoatare. CHICAGO, Aug. H.The agreements under which the Diamond Match and New York Biscuit stocks are to be de posited with the Northern Trmi Co. as trustee, are ready for signature. The exaot terms will not be given to the public until the signatures are re celved and the stacks ready for deposit. They provide, however, that the stocks be placed in the keeping of a trustee for one year and - the banks and capi talists who own It are to be given non- negotiabie receipts lor tne stocks de posited. THE LIST INCREASES. Old Sol's Work of Destruction Continues. Froetratlons are Numerous. . . New York, Aug. 11. Twelve deaths and 29 prostrations comprised the first list given out at police head quarters today of the casualties attrib uted to -the beat. The accumulate)! 1 etfTanta r - sa t Vie n nralr nf nrt im ci ly hot weather are shown in the num ber of fatalities reported. There Is a breeze today, but the temperature ot 11 o'clock was 94 on tbe streets and the humidity 63 per cent. In tbe interior of the state the hat Is unabated. Troy reports four deaths In the last 2'i hours. The thermome ter hung In the portico of the city hall in this city within reach of the heat radiated from the asphalt walk but still In the shade, Indicated 112 above zero. DEATH IS tan FLOOD. Pittsburg and Vicinity Visited by Cloud burst PlTTSBCRQ, Aug 13. A great rain storm burst over this city .and vicinity this morning at 8 o'clock, deluging a territory several miles ia extent, swelling the stream into torrents, sweeping away bridges and buildings and sending a score of human beings into eternity. . The storm came from the southwest. Great banks of dark, angry clouds hov ered over Pittsburg and the surround ing country, turning dawn into dark ness and striking terror to the heart. Suddenly the clouds burst and tbe rain fell in sheets, The heavy rain lasted for fully three hours. '; At Dehaven, a small town near the Wild wood oil well, six people are re ported drowned. - Everything is washed out between Sbarpsburg and Dehaven, Dehaven has several hundred inhabitants, and is situated about eix miles north of Al legheny, on the old Butler plank road.' Residents are seeking safety on the hillsides. The lowlands at Sharps1 burg are under water, and tbe flood Is spreading rapidly. ' . . Reports from Capln Creek valley in dicate that tbe loss of life from the cloudburst will be heavy. At 12:35 p. M., thirty lives were reported lost. Ibe whole Pine Creek valley, eight miles in length, is devastated. At Dehaven, an entire family named Appleton was drowned. Among the others lost are Mr. Thomas Byrnes, lira. Thompson. At Etna the water rose so rapidly that the employees at Spang, Chatfield & Company's iron works were compelled to swim for their lives. The foundry of Walter Watklns was also flooded and the workmen narrowly escaped.' HJAT OBADUALLV sCKSIDINQ. But the Number of Deaths Seems Uns tated New York, Aug. 13. The heated -term has not come to a close, but its Violence has subsided appreciably. At 11 this morning the thermometer at the weather observatory registered 82 degrees against 85 at the same hour yesterday. An eightmile breeze is blowing from the northeast.. In the streets the temperature is anywhere from 64 to 88. The' humidity was 63 per ce,nt. The records at "police bead quarters showed 10 deaths from the heat between 2 and 9 A. M., and seven prostrations. A statement prepared by the weather observer of official statistics in New York city covering a period from mid night of Saturday to. noon today, to day's figures. being7 partly estimated, shows a total of 1200 deaths, of which 434 are atti Ibuted to toe heat. An es timate of the number of deaths from heat in New . York, Brooklyn and neighboring cities and towns in New York state and New Jersey, from August 5 to 12, Inclusive, is 631. The prostrations for the same , period are said to have numbered 1253. 1 ': Fow cm at Variance. LOrJIXW, Auc.12 Jtissemi-offlelally stated tha't there is no truth in the re port published by the Dally Chronicle that Great Britain and Russia are ou the point of reaohing an agreement "to save both Armenia and Crete from Turkish oppression without disturbing tbe peace of Europe," which agree ment, it was added, would involve the presence of the Russian army in Ar menia and the BritU'V fleet at Crete "to guarantee Turkish compliance with the terms of agreement." It is stated on the other band that there is great discord among" tbe powers as to the measures that should be adopted regarding Crete. Russia, It Is further asserted, is showlne a marked disin clination to allow great pressure to be brought to bear upon the sultan. Held to Grand Jury. ASTORIA, Or., Aug 13. Four of tbe fishermen Implicated in the rioting at Booth's cannery Sunday last were to day bound over to await the action of the grand jury, ball being fixed at &500.' The evidence was conflicting in the ex treme, witnesses fur the defendants en deavoring to show that Doxold, the man so badly beaten at tne" cannery, himself precipitated the trouble. They aleo swore that one man inflicted all the injury done Doxold, and that the three others simply tried to stop the trouble. Every effort will be made to save thoe accused, and it seems doubtful if any of the witnesses to the affair will have the' moral . courage to appear and testify to all that they saw of the occurrence. General Burlsou's Speeches. Indianapolis, Aug. 13. General Benjamin Harrison ' will be at tbe dis posal of the republican stats commit tee during the campaign, and tbe latter will attend to arrauging his dates for speeches. Practically, so much infor mation is conveyed in a letter written by the general to his old friend, Daniel Ransdell. Mr. Ransdell said yester day that the general had written him that his understanding was that tbe committee would want his services about the beginning of. September, but Ransdell added that he personally had peen Informed that Mr. Harrison would be wanted during the latter part of this month. A Free-Thought Congress. CHICAGO, Aug. 12 Liberals and free thinkers from all parts of tbe world are preparing for a congress of liberals in Chicago, November 13, 14 and 13. Ft. G. Ingersoll and all the prominent American liberals are expected. Mrs. Besaot will come If possible. G. W. Foote and Charles Watts, of . England, have already promised to be on band. The intention is to have a reunion and jollification of all free-thinkers, and every country on earth has been sent an invitation to be present. Philadelphia Leads. ' Philadelphia, Aug. 13. According to .the weather bureau Philadelphia Buffers tbe unenviable distinction to day of being the hottest city in the United States. At S A. M. tbe ther mometer registered 82 degrees and at noon, 93. A light breeze tempered tbe air slightly, but the suffering was as great as on any day since tbe torrid , speii began. .Between 2 ana 1 1 a. m. Ave deaths, due to neat ana exnausuon had been reported. Bryan Has Laryngitis. New York, Aue-12 W. J. Bryar, the democratic nominee for president. Is suffering today from an attack of acute laryngitis. FOPiLLYJM Bryan and Sewall Waited on by tha Committee. JAPS WANT BLOOD The? Seek to Subjugate Formosa by Exterminating- Defenseless Natives. England and Rnasla are Unable to Beach an Agreement by Which ths Feopls) of Armenia and Crete Can be Saved From the Turks. New York, Aug. 12. At MadUcn Square garden tonight, in the presence ot a vast-concourse f people.'WIHia.n Jenninus .Bryan and Arthur Sewall were officially notified that they bad been nominated for president and vice presideut of the United States bv ths democratic national convention at Chicago.. The notification speeches were made by Governor Stone of Mis souri. In responding to the notification speech of Governor Stone, Bryan said tbat at a future day, he would, in a formal letter , of acceptance, enter up cn the issues presented by the platform Continuing he said in part: -citizens, eitner puuiio or -private, who.ass.ail the characters and question tbe patriotism of the delegates who were assembled" In the Chicago con vention, assiill'uhe character and ques tion the patriotism of millions who have arrayed themselves under ths banner raised there. It has been charged by men standing high in bus loess and political circle, that our platform is a menace to private securi ties and public safety; and It has been asserted that those, whom I baethe honor for the time being to represent, not only meditate an attack upon the rights of property, but are the foes ot social order and national honor. Those who Btand upon the Chicago platform understand the genius of oar Institu tions, they are staunch supporters of the form of government under which we live and build their faith Upon tha foundations laid by our fathers "Our campaign has not for ltsbject the reconstruction of society. ' We cannot Insure to tbe vicious the fruits of a virtuous life; we would not invade the home of the provident in order to supply the wants of tbe spendthrift, and we do not propose vto transfer the rewards of industry to the lap of indo- lanna PiviiuFtH 4a anrl n-1 ) I v.. m nln .WUKW. VVt .J U TT . the sttmulous to endeavor and tha compensation for toll. - Ws believe, as asserted in the declaration 6f indepen dence, that all men are created equal, but that does not mean tbat all men are, or can be, equal in possession, in lability or in merit, it simply means that all snail stand equal before tbe law, and that the government shall not.In making, construing or enforcing law, discriminate between citizens. I assert tbat tbe property rights, as well as the rights of person, are safe In ths hands of the common people. "The Chicago platform has 'been condemned because it differs from aa opinion rendered by the supreme court declaring the income tux law uncon stitutional. Our .critics even go sd far as to apply the' name "anarchist to. tbose who stand upon the planks of the platform, While the money ques tion overshadows all questions of im portance, I desire it understood that I shall offer no apology for the income tax plauk of ttie Chicago platform. Not only shall I refuse to apologize for the exercise, bv It. of tbe rtaht to dis sent from the decision of ths supreme) court." Bryan then took up the money ques tion us the great Issue of tbe campaign. He said tbat it was scarcely necessaiy to defend tbe principle of bimetalism. Be said tbat any legislation, which lessons 'the world's stock of standard money, increases -' the exchangeable value of a dollar, therefore the crusads against silver must inevitably raise the purchasing power of money and lower the money value of all other forms of property. Be then dwelt on the injury done to' the farmer, ths merchant and manufacturer by tha gold standard. - . Fusion In Washington. - ELLENSBUJJO, Aug ' 14. A partial agreement has been arrived at by ths conference committee. The populists get the governor and all the state officers except supreme judge, stats printer, superintendent of pupllo in-' struction and attorney-general, Tbs democrats are given one congressman and there is a fight on the other con gressman. The democrats get two electors and the populists two. Thus ratification of the convention. . Treasury btattmcnt. Washington, Aug.: 13. Today's statement of the condition of the treas ury sho: Avauaoie casn Daiance....$Z47.i37,b4. Gold reserve.. 108,733,097 The gold withdrawals today amonnt- ed to S3 19,800, leaving th gold reserve. In the treaiury Ii0o.i467o7. a Pie Shorten it with Cottolene in stead of lard and see what a crisp crust it will have ; how delicious and wholesome it will be. Fie made with Cot tolene will do a dyspeptic good. Do everybody good h because it is good. There is only one secret in cooking Willi buiwicuc use uui two thirds as much as you would naturally use of lard. Follow this role and Cottolene will do the rest. Genuine h) sold rr rhrn In true wHh trad-mrka 'Crt'ota,' and fer' lUmd tm mottmmtmmi lermath on evary Ufa aUa ealr by THE N. K. FAIR8ANK COMPANY. St Irniis, M &-? irH $