- SATURDAY....... -..APRIL 13, 1895
LESSONS FROM AD VERS1TY.
The press of the country are hopeful
regarding the situation", and believe
that the wave of depression, under
which the business interests of the na
tion have suffered for the past two
. - : years, has reached its height, and has
begun to recede. .There are bright
prospects for the future, and trade this
summer, it is expected, will be better
than it has been for some time past. This
' . is an opportune time for Oregon to
: take a step forward, and to reap the
: full benefit of the revival in business.
During the era of adversity she has
received, many useful lessons in thrift,
economy and self-reliance. The
- citizens of this state more fully under
stand now than ever before the neces-
sity of depending upon their own re
sources, and the benefit that will ac-
- crue to them from the development of
the country. Experience has taught
them that it is better to patronize
home industries than foreign ones; to
buy the products of the soil of Oregon
than, to send the money out of the
state to purchase them elsewhere
Hereafter the people will feel stronger
and better able to help themselves,and
for these inherent qualities of strength
- which will undoubtedly impel advance
' ment, Oregon should be thankful to
the period of financial depression and
business stagnation through which she
has passed since 1892. With unlimited
resources, by reason of a lack of enter-
terprise, Oregon has been left behind
in the race for commercial supremacy;
but this will not be so in the future.
Oregon hams, bacon, lard, butter and
cheese will find a market in Oregon
hereafter, and the Omaha and Kansas
City articles will not supply the de
mand. This will mean wealth and
prosperity to our people, and a large
increase in the population of the state.
By following strictly the lessons taught
in the last two years the Wil
lamette valley will be un-
measurably' benefited, and so will
the Inland Empire. If all business
"ealously can be laid aside the entire
state will enjoy an era of prosperity in
the near future, and this portion of
the northwest will no longer be re
nowned for lack of business energy.
What could not have been taught in a
prosperous decade has-been indelibly
impressed upon the community in two
years of adversity.
THE ARMISTICE.
The New York Sun, in speaking of
the armistice between China and Japan,
says: "
"The impression gains ground that
the armistice granted to China will be
followed bv permanent peace. That
view, of course, supposes that Japan
will insist on no terms that China
would feel compelled to refuse. In
deed, while Japan has kept her own
. counsel as to her demands hermodera-
" tion and good judgment seem to be a
sort of guarantee that she will not
commit any mistake of excessive ex
actions, which might make the whole
future policy of China that of revenge
upon her, and might also lead to the
intervention of European powers.
"On the other hand, China must
. " recognize that to continue the present
struggle is hopeless, and would proba
bly only bring her to a condition in
which terms still more onerous could
be justly demanded. With her popu
lation enormously greater than that of
Japan, and her vast resources, she may
count on recouping her losses here
after; but she must see that the time
to attempt this should be years hence,
when she shall have built or- bought a
new fleet, and have reorganized her
army and made it really efficient, as
Japan has done.
"These are the two leading influ
ences, perhaps, toward the conclusion
of a treaty of peace. The capture of
Pekin might give Japan a little more
prestige and a little larger claim upon
the. fruits of victory, but she already
has enough of both, and will not need
lessly awaken the jealousy, fear, or ill-
will of onlooking nations. She may
fairly take, besides her money indem
. nity for war expenses, such of the Chi
- nese islands as have a military impor
tance for her, or will give her scope for
developing their products andcommer
cial resources. If, in addition, she
seeks a hold on the mainland, we may
expect to find it chosen with a view not
to humiliate China, but to. acquire a
- strategic advantage there as would
help to guard her against an attack
from China hereafter,"
A movement to prosecute gamblers and
demi-monde one day to be followed the
next by a complete license to both, is
injurious to the morals of any commu
nity, and weakens the respect for law
among the citizens, especially the
young. Only such laws should be
passed as could be enforced, and these
cannot rise above the moral sentiment
of the people, no more than a stream
can overflow the fountain from which
it receives its supply. Crimes may be
prevented by wholesome legislation;
but men nor women cannot be
legislated up to the highest moral
standard, and futile attempts often
open the flood gates to immorality and
vice.
THE REPUBLICAN WAVE.
The St. Louis Globe-Democrat, in
speaking of the recent Republican vic
tories, says: The Republican tide is
Btill rising. Michigan, which voted on
Monday for a justice of its supreme
court and two regents of the state uni
versity, gave heavy majorities for the
Republican candidates. Wisconsin
which on Tuesday chose a justice of its
supreme court, was also carried by the
Republicans, although party lines were
not rigidly drawn. Rhode Island elect
ted a governor and other state officers
and a legislature yesterday, and there,
too, the Republicans were successful.
The fact that the contest in Wisconsin
was not altogether on party grounds
detracts, to some extent, from the sig'
nificance of that election. Many Re
publicans voted for the Democratic
candidate, in order to keep the court
out of politics, but the Republican can
didate won nevertheless.
"In some of the municipal elections
the Republican victories were even
more signal and decisive .than they
were on state officers in those states,
Michigan and Rhode Island, where
national issues entered into the can-
vass. The Republican majority in St.
Louis on Tuesday on city officers aver
aged about 13,500, which beats all Re
publican records. Chicago went Re
publican for mayor by the record
breaking total of over 40,000. In the
elections in the other cities and towns
in Missouri and Illinois the Republic
cans, on the whole, also scored great
gains. The municipal contests in Ne
braska, Kansas, Colorado, Wisconsin,
Minnesota and Ohio, as a rule, tell a
similiar story. The special elections
for members of congress in Illinois and
Michigan also resulted in the Republi
cans' favor. In general, of course, the
vote was not as heavy this week as it
was in the congressional elections last
November. To the extent of the vote,
however, the Republican victory was
as; conspicious as it was then, and in
the case of St. Louis and Chicago it
was much more marked and decisive.
"The meaning of all this is so clear
that the wayfaring man though a fool
will make no mistake in interpreting
it. All over the north and west, and
probably in a considerable portion of
the south, the drift is in favor of the
Republicans. The change in the con
ditions came in 1893, when the people,
to the extent of their opportunity, re
versed the Democratic verdict of 1892.
Ever since then the Republican tide
has been steadily rising. When, in
the congressional elections five months
ago, the people turned out a house with
ninety Democratic plurality and put in
one with a Republican plurality of 140,
there was a general impression that
the Republican high-water mark had
been reached. This notion, though,
was erroneous. All over the country
the Republican wave is still at its flood.
t is safe to predict that a grander tri-
omph than any achieved by any party
since the Republican tidal wave of 1872
will be gained by the Republicans in
1896."
THE INCOME TAX.
- - A COMPLETE VICTORY.
-
The election of directors last Satur
day resulted in a complete victory for
the transportation company, and - no
fears need be entertained -that any at
tempt will be made to dispose of the
loats to the O. R. & N. Co. No blame
should be attached to the railroad com
pany for closing the bargains if it
could secure-a majority of the shares
of stock, for it would be a wise busi
ness policy on its part to control all
lines of transportation to the interior;
but it would be a great misfortune to
t.hn nrrWhirar-R of T!ftHtern Orftoron
When the stockholders who attempted
to sell the boats to the railroad com
pany, a few months ago; and were only
precluded from "delivering the goods"
because they could not control a ma
jority of the shares, tried to secure
their election to the board by procur
ing all the proxies possible, the people
became alarmed, and good active work
was done. A better board could not
have been selected, and every member
is directly interested that the opposi
tion should continue. The Regulator
and Dalles City, with the portage road
at the Cascades, have solved the
producers, and have saved annually
thousands of dollars to the country,
With the patronage the company is re
ceiving it is on a good paying basis,
and its business will increase with the
development of the Inland Empire.
The railroad will remain and do a
good, lucrative business; but the cost
of transportation in Oregon, the same
as elsewhere, will always be regulated
by river carriage.
HYSTERICAL VIRTUE.
The moral wave which is now pass
ing over the country is very likely hys
terical, and perhaps will soon subside.
If it arouses the people to a higher
conception of the necessity of eradica
ting existing vices, it will have accomj
plished good; but if it simply acts spas
modically, and causes a reaction after
its force has died out, it were better if
it had never been inaugurated. There
are laws on the statute books against
gambling and the social evil in nearly
every state of the union, and they
should- ther be enforced or repealed
The decision of the supreme court in
the income tax cases, in the minds of
nearly every one, would lead to the be
lief that the highest judicial branch of
the government considers the act un
constitutional. Yet the opinion of
Chief Justice Fuller is so guarded that
one has to carefully read every portion
of it before he can arrive at a definite
conclusion. The rules of jurisprudence
in this country hold that only such
portions of any statute which contra
venes the law of the land are rendered
void, and the other parts", if they can
be segregated, may remain in full
force. Taking this rule of construc
tion into consideration, the decision of
the supreme court annuls those sec
tions which relate to taxing rents and
municipal bonds. But, taking that por
tion of the decision in which the chief
justice says: "That the understanding
and expectation at the time of the adop
tion of the constitution was that direct
taxes would not be levied by the general
government, except under the presure
of extraordinary exigency, and such
has been the practice down to August
15, 1894," it must be inferred that the
act. is unconstitutional in principle.
With due reference to the ability and
integrity of the members of the court
some alTowence must be made for their
political predilections, which might
have had a slight influence in
making the decision, as much as pos
sible, conform to the exingencies of
the case. The income tax was a Dem
ocratic measure, passed during a Dem
ocratic administration, and was neces
sary to replenish the revenues of the
government which had largely de
creased because of the inaugura
tion of a free trade policy. It
yould be unfair to think that Chief
Justice Fuller, an appointee of Mr,
Cleveland warped his honest judg
ment in the least to save the adminis
tration of his friend from obloquy; bnt
it is possible that he and other mem
bers of the court believed that if the
constitutionality of the measure were
determined it would result, beneficially
to the country in the present emer
gency. The dispatch may be imper
fect in some regards, and until the
decision is published officially com
ments on it should be made with cir
cumspection, and adverse criticism en
tirely withheld.
PENSION LEGISLATION.
The last congress passed several im
portant acts on the Hubject of pen
sions., directly in the interest of the
old soldiers,and against the unfriendly
policy of the present administration,
says the St. Louis Glolje-Democrat.
One of these acts provides that $6 per
month shall be the lowest pension for
any form of disability, which means
that all pensions of lower amounts will
be raised to that figure, and that the
mockery of paying only $2 per month
to a veteran who ha8 proved his right
to a pension will cease to exist. An
other act repeals the prohibition
against the payment of pensions to
non-residents; and another authorizes
postmasters to administer oaths in
pension cases, thus relieving many
pensioners of the trouble and expense
of making long journeys to secure
their money. But the most advan
tageous of all is one which declares a
pension to be a vested right. This
means that pensions are not to be
modified, suspended or abrogated at
the caprice of a commissioner of pen
sions, or for the promotion of political
designs. It will not be possible here
after for a Democratic administration
to repeat the outrage of arbitrarily
depriving nearly 20,000 soldiers of
their pensions; but in all cases of pro
posed suspension, thirty days' notice
must be given to the pensioner, with
the privilege of furnishing testimony
to substantiate his claim, the presump
tion of the law being in his favor in
stead of against him.
Not one of the acts was reccom
mended by President Cleveland or
suggested by his commissioner of
pensions. Their passage was com
pelled by the force of public opinion,
and they stand as a direct and striking
rebuke to the administration. Even
a Democratic congress could not resist
the pressure of sentiment against the
policy under which so many disabled
and dependent veterans of the union
army had been wronged out of the
small sums granted them on account of
misfortunes incurred in the service of
their country. The people were in
dignant, and something had to be
done to appease them and to give as
surance of better regard for the rights
of the pensioners. It is true that the
policy of the administration is still in
imical to the soldiers; but a stop has
been put to some of the worst prac
tices in that relation. The law mak
ing a pension a vested right furnishes
a general protection against arbitrary
and malevolent proceedings. It is no
longer in the power of the commis
sioner, or of the president, to drop
names from the pension-rolls at pleas
ure and on any kind of pretext. A
man who has obtained a pension can
hold it until definite proof is presented
that he is not entitled to it; and he is
to be given a chance to defend his
right and to explain any apparent dis
crepancy in his title. This is a decided
gain for the interests of justice and
fairness, and a significant recognition
of the fact that the will of the people
must be respected in the treatment of
the pensioners.
freight rates. In less than two years
the obstructions to navigation at the
Cascades will be removed, and craft
will le able to transport produce to
seaboard without breaking cargo: but
in the meantime cheap water transpor
tation will make a desirable solution
of the freight problem. This season
promises to be a very favourable one for
sheepmen, and the clip will be un
usually large. With commodious
warehouses, and terminal facilities,
this will le the- best market for wool
in the northwest. The future is bright
for this city, and it only requires a
united effort and the exercise of enter
prise commensurate with our oppor
tunities to make this year one of unex
ampled growth and prosperity.
4. M. CANNON.
T he death of Mr. A. M. Cannon in
-NT, Vml nomnnoo (mm o ntitra 1 5f a l
prominent character in the develop
ment of the resources of one of the
most progressive cities of the north
west. When he and Mr. Glover went
to the falls of the Spokane there was
nothing to impel the growth of a com
munity except the water power ; but
his business sagacity- saw that this
point could be made a commercial cen
ter, and he went to work to accomplish
this end. He laid his plans well, and
lived to see a city of 35,000 or 40,000
population, the market for a large re
gion of country. Mr. Cannon reaped
the benefit of his labors, and before
the financial crisis his wealth was
reck'oned at several millions. He was
a man of generous impulses, of great
integrity of character, and always a
leader in matters of public enterprise.
Spokane, with its business houses, its
many industries, mammoth buildings
and teeming population will stand as
a lasting monument to his business sa
gacity and the spirit of public enter
prise that permeated his actions.
EDITORIAL NOTES.
HOME INDUSTRIES.
The attitude of Mr. Gresham towards
Spain, in regard to the American mail
steamer which was fired upon bv a
Spanish gunboat in- Cuban waters,
aroused the enthusiasm of the nation,
and it was expected that the dignity
of the flag would be maintained at all
hazards Sufficient time has elapsed for
the foreign country to have ascertained
all the facts in the case, and no apology
has been made. The message of the
state department was firm but courte
ous, and bpam should be made to
understand that the United States
meant what it said, and has the power
to enforce the rules of international
ourtesy, wherever and whenever these
have been violated. Firing on the
nail steamer may have been an act of
rhich the home government did not
pprove; but the fact has been brought
ie her knowledge,and she can no longer
jvade the responsibility.
That every community should, as far
as possible, patronize home industries
is one of the basis principles of the
policy of protection, and this is always
sure to impel prosperity. The reason
that the northwest has lacked develop
ment here tore is because too little at
tention has been paid to this; but
there is an awakening in this regard
that promises good times in the future.
The press of Oregon are advocating
the doctrine, and there are hopes that
there will be a change in the plan
heretofore followed. Washington ap
pears to have been afflicted in the past
in the same way, and the fallowing
from the Spokane Chronicle very truth
fully portrays the situation- and the
change now being inaugurated: v
Three years ago there was a large
amount of farm products shipped into
this locality from the east aggregating
perhaps a million dollars per . annum.
Then our wholesale merchants were
almost daily shipping in by the car
load hams and bacon, and lard, and
butter, and eggs, and beans, and other
products of the farm, not from the sur
rounding country ,but from Iowa, Mon
tana, Illinois and Minnesota. This
was a great drain upon the community,
but this is now all changed, and the
articles named, as well as nearly
everything that can be produced upon
the farm, are now brought in from the
surrounding country, Our farmers are
not only now producing enough for
home consumption in nearly every line,
but a large surplus is grown and finds
a ready market in British Columbia,
Montana and states farther east.
"The. benefits 01 this cnange can
scarcely be overestimated. No indi
vidual and no community can be pros
perous if expenditures . exceed the in
come. Three years ago there was not
fruit enough raised in this locality for
home consumption. During last year
many carloads were sent abroad, while
this year, it is safe to say, the quantity
shipped out will be double what it was
last year, and because of the large
number of fruit trees that have been
planted for several years last past our
surplus of fruit will probably double
every year for many years to come.
"Our people should take courage and
press forward ' notwithstanding low
prices. We should not only produce
everything we consume, but much be
side. Whether prices are high or low,
as a community we can never be pros
perous until the balance of trade is in
our favor. We must buy less and sell
more."
W. Jennings Demorest, the editor of
the magazine that bears his name, and
a celebrated prohibitionist, died last
Wednesday.
The decision of the supreme court in
the income tax cases have placed inter
nal revenue collectors in a quandary,
and they will require another one to
make the first explicit and plain.
The decision of the supreme court
will reduce the revenue .from the in
come tax very considerably, and the
expenses of the government will still
continue in excess of the receipts.
We have heard nothing lately in re
lation to the scouring mill in this city.
If our people desire this factor of de
velopment to be started something
should be done to induce capital to
come this way.
Japan '8 terms of peace, if accepted
by China, may create a demand for
about $300,000,000 in silver, and, on
this contingency,the price of the white
metal has risen. Silver, like wheat, is
governed by supply and demand.
The "moral wave" in Portland ap
pears to be somewhat subsiding. Sev
eral arrests of gamblers and keepers
of bawdy houses have been made; but
there have been very few convictions.
This spasmodic effort will cost the tax
payers heavy; but it has been very
remunerative for the officials.
A Methodist minister, before a New
England conference, called President
Cleveland a drunkard, and not being
able to substantiate the statement has
humbly apologised. He should not
have made the assertion without he
was positive of its truth; and, even
then, it was none of his business.
lion, btephen is. iakins has posi
tively stated that he will not be a can
didate for president. This will make
little difference to the Republicans in
tne country as tnere will be an abund
ance ol good men to choose Irom in
1896. The office will not go begging
lor a candidate.
natural growth, which builds and
strengthens as it progresses. .The
friends of liberty the world over would
delight to see this old relic of feuda
lism totter and fall to ruins. It will
come in time, but perhaps not during
the present generation.
The government should carefully
watch affairs in Nicaragua so that
Great Britain will do nothing to hin
der the completion of the canal across
the isthmus. This means of water
transportation between the Atlantic
and Pacific is of the utmost importance
to the entire country, and its early
completion is greatly" desired. . If the
British indemnity is not paid by this
little republic, no action should be per
mitted that will impede the progress
of this great undertaking. The United
States is a commercial nation, and her
rights in that direction must be pro
tected. In this line is the construction
of the canal connecting the Pacific
with the Gulf of Mexico, and the ad
ministration should watch with great
jealousy the encroachment of any for
eign power in Nicaragua.
Cuban revolutionists are about to
proclaim the island free and independ
ent from Spain, and ask for recogni
tion in the family of nations. This
step may be premature, for Cuba can
tfot expect to be acknowledged as a
separate government until the patriots
have fully established the revolution;
but it will act as a stimulant to greater
efforts on the part of Cubans, and may
be the first step in the direction of in
dependence. When the Declaration
of Independence was signed the future
appeared dark for the fathers of this
republic; but this united them more
firmly together, and impelled them to
many heroic acts for liberty. From
the 4th of July, 1776, affairs changed
in favor of the Americans, and victory
followed victory until the United
States was acknowledged by the fam
ily of nations. This may be true of
Cuba, and the friends of freedom will
hope it may be so.
The Oregonian says the "suspicion
which has existed from the beginning
that the only effect, and perhaps the
only purpose, of the indiscriminate
prosecution of gamblers and bawdy
women was to increase the revenues of
greedy officialism has deepened to a
certainty." And the outside papers
which have been patting Portland on
the back on the steps she has taken to
purify the city of vice and social filth
must credit this spasmodic movement
to the "eye for business," which her
sagacious municipal officials have cul
tivated. If this same business tact
had actuated the merchants and trad
ers of that metropolis in years gone
by, in legitimate channels,there would
not be so much complaint about the
lack of enterprise in the state. But
Portland officials, if the charge can be
substantiated, should be afforded an
opportunity to exercise their faculties
in different walks of life from those
which they are pursuing. It is time
the people relegated such public pap
suckers to innocuous desuetude.
One encouraging indication of future
prosperity is the dying out of sectional
jealousy, that formerly arrayed the dif
ferent portions of the state against each
other, and all against Portland. It is
generally acknowledged now that a
great city should exist at the mouth of
the Willamette, and that her growth
and prosperity is not inimical to the
development of the resources of the
entire state. Portland may increase
her population to 100,000 or more, but
this will in no wise stop the advance
ment of Salem, Astoria, Albany or The
Dalles. Each is interested in the es
tablishment of a great commercial cen
ter, which will furnish an available
market that will create a demand for
all products, and stimulate industries
of all kinds. This fact is generally ac
knowledged, and the future develops
ment of the state will be inpelled by
united action. The press of the state
are to receive credit for the harmonius
feeling now prevaling, for they have
labored for years to destroy the bitter
animosity that formerly existed be
tween Eastern and Western Oregon.
TELEGRAPHIC.
TELEGRAPHIC.
BtTILDINGS COLLAPSED.
Seven Persons Buried in the Rains, Four
of Whom Have Not Been Bitti-overed.
WHEELING, W. Va., April 9 Shortly
after 8 o'clock this .morning the five
story business house of Chapman &
Sons, on Main street, in the wholesale
district, and adjoining the four-story
hardware establishment of T. T.
Hutchinson, fell in suddenly and with
out warning, burying seven persons in
the ruins.
"Dad" Williams, a carpenter, es
caped with serious injuries. T. T.
Hutchinson, a veteran merchant, and
the following employees of his estab
lishment were entombed: M.' J. A.
Ford, clerk: P. J. Horan, clerk;
Eugene. Burch, clerk; Bob Winches,
clerk.
A Western .Union messenger boy,
Harry Cowl, was caught. When
Hutchinson was taken out two ribs
were found broken and other injuries
sustained. He cannot live.
The Hutchinson building was of light
construction, and declared unsafe years
ago. The fire department did effec
tive work in keeping down the
flames while volunteers went to the
rescue of victims of the disaster.
At 10:25 Michael Ford was taken
from the ruins alive, but seriously
hurt. He was pinned beneath an iron
girder, and the dead body of young
Horan lay across him. He is badly
hurt, one leg being broken, and he
suffered internal injuries. It is
thought he will recover.
Rev. Father H. F. Parke, vicar
general, was also buried under the
ruins. He was on his way to the cathe
dral from the train when the wall fell.
At 11 Benjamin Princhard, of Buck
hanan. W. Va., a merchant, was taken
out of the ruins badly crushed.
It is thought Winches, Burch, Cowl
and Father Parke are dead.
The five-story brick building was in
course of erection. Adjoining it, on
the corner of Market alley, was the
four-story brick block of T. T. Hutch
inson & Co. The strain on the
Hutchinson block caused by the new
building going down was too much,
and the Hutchinson structure com
menced to bulge outwards and the two
buildings caved in with a crash.
Fourteen men were in the building
at the time. Six got out without in
jury. Five of these, W. H. Chapman,
Sam Kenno, Walter Chapman, W. V.
Clinton and a man named Newton
were in the Chapman building, and
being near the front easily escaped.
LEGAL TECHNICALITIES.
TERMINAL FACILITIES.
The Dalles has heretofore enjoyed
terminal rates on wool and other pro
ducts, and for this reason the buyers
in this city could pay a higher price
than those at other points. This has
caused the bulk of the wool clip to be
handled here, and also a large portion
of the grain crop. We are informed
that the coming season still greater
facilities will be enjoyed by our mer
chants, and that at a meeting of trans
continental roads recently held in San
Francisco the representatives of the
Great Northern and Northern Pacific
contended that The Dalles should be
the terminal point of their lines. In
this connection the D. P. & A. N. Co.
will be the link that will give these
lines the outlet. This has not been
confirmed, but coming nearly direct
from headquarters it may be confi
dently relied upon. The inter-state
commerce laws allows terminal points
certain advantages in trade which are
not enjoyed by interior towns. With
the Regulator and Dalles City on the
river we can reap these advantages if
the railroads refuse to grant them,
and, with the Northern Pacific and
Great Northern in pur favor, other
roads if they desire a portion of the
business must compete with them in
apam is too far distant to govern
Cuba, and it is to be expected that the
revolutionists of that island will re
ceive the sympathy of American citi
zens. With or without the Monroe
doctrine, monarchy should not exist on
this continent, and any attempt at self-
government by European dependencies
is a movement in tne ngnt direction.
Letters from different portions of the
state are still being published in the
Oregonian giving forth different opin
ions as regards the needs of this region.
The burden of their plaint may be
summed up in a few words more work;
more enterprise; buy less goods from
abroad and.make more at home; patro
nize home industries and lend no aid to
foreign fads and fakes.
Oscar Wilde, since the London court
trial, has lost every vestage of fame he
ever enjoyed. His books have been
taken out of the public libraries, and,
although his plays are slill running at
some of the theatres,his name has been
expunged from the bills. It is strange
that the immoral tendency and baneful
influence of his books and plays were
not found out until after his convic
tion of crime. He is down now. Let
every one give him a kick.
The supreme court has rendered a
decision on the income tax; but it has
not been officially made public. If it
stands, as very likely it will although
report says a portion will be declared
unconstitutional thisunsual method of
taxation may be successful in keeping
the treasury up to the limit of $100,000,-
000. it proves that Uemocracy and tree
trade are not financial successes when
it must resort to such questionable
means to keep the receipts of the gov
ernment equal to tne expenditures.
The question in Venezuela is whether
the demands of Great Britain shall be
granted, and our relation to the sub
ject is simply that of a neighboring
republic. If the matter is left to ar
bitration the decision should be faith
fully carried out, and neither that
country nor the United States can of
fer any objections to this method of
settlement. The era of settling dis
putes between civilized countries by
war has passed, ana a peaceful solution
of international disputes is becoming
general.
There has been a misunderstanding
between France and England regard
ing possessions in tne valley or tne
Congo. This will be settled by arbi
tration very likely; but the relations
between these countries could not bear
very heavy straining without resulting
in war. France has never forgotten
Creasy, Agincount or Waterloo, and
has sought reparation at different
times for her wounded honor on those
fields. British - diplomacy outwitted
the wily Frenchman in Eygpt, and will
eventually in tne Congo region.
The press of Japan are divided on the
question of whether peace with China
is desirable at this time. The papers
which represent the war party are de
sirous to see the nag oi tne island em
pire float over the walls of Peking,
while others consider China sufficient
ly whipped and humiliated. Japan has
been victorious so far on every battle
field; but if her glory is not dimmed by
disaster -she may find other foes with
whom to contend if she persues her
conquests much further: England and
Russia are watching affairs in the Ori
ent, and will interfere when they con
sider their interests in jeopardy.
However much it may be desired the
downfall of the house of Lords will be
accomplished slowly, and not by any
sudden action of the people. The
government has been evolved from a
nonarchy to a republic, and the evolu
tionary : process has begun on the
hereditary peers who control that
branch of parliament. - It will not come
like a thunderbolt, but similar to some
EXPRESS ROBBERY. '
Sixteen Thousand Dollars Taken From a
Wagon Deputy Sheriffs In Pur
suit of the Robbers. -
Denver, April 11 A special from
Cripple Oeek, Colo., says: "The
mail and expr eW WKgen which con
nect with the Midland Terminal rail
road at Grassy, was robbed today,
about two miles from this city, by two
men, .who overpowered the driver,
Kobert bmith, secured the express
package, containing $6,000, and es
caped on horseback.
"The hold-up took place about 9:30
o'clock, on the summit of Tenderfoot
hill, midway between Cripple creek
and Grassy station, on the Midland
Terminal railroad. The mail and ex
press wagon, drawn by horses, driven
by Messenger Robert Smith, was en
route from Grassy to Cripple Creek
with the mails and express matter re
ceived at Grassy on the morning train
from Denver and Colorado Springs.
"Two men, sitting beside the road,
accosted Smith, asking him for a ride.
He drew up the team, and one of the
men climbed up on the seat beside him,
while the other mounted the baggage
behind. As soon as Smith started to
drive, the man behind struck him on
the head several times with his revol
ver. The blows staggered but did not
stun him. The, man on the seat with
him also drew a revolver and leveled
it at him, commanding him to get
down, walk to the heads of the horses
and hold their bridles. He complied,
and was covered with guns. Thev
ripped open and rifled the mail and ex
press poucnes. Alter securing SlO.OOO.
which was being shipped to one of the
Cripple Creek national banks, and
several other valuable packages, they
unhitched, the two leading horses,
mounted them and rode rapidly into
the mountains.
"Smith, who was very weak and
bleeding profusely, drove into the city
as quicKiy as possible, w nen ne drew
up in front of the Wells-Fargo express
office ne tainted ana ieii irom tne seat.
Smith was revived in a few minutes
and related what had befallen him
Within 20 minutes from the time the
robbery was committed Deputy Sheriffs
Sterling and jacKson and 300 men
started to scour the hills in search of
the robbers, who have so small a start
that it is not believed they can escape.
A message has been sent to Canon
Citv for bloodhounds, which will be
put on the trail of the robbers, if they
are not captured before the animals
arrive.
"The $16,000 nackasre secured bv the
robbers was a consignment from Den
ver by weus-iargo express, it has
not yet been ascertained by whom it
was shipped, but it is believed to have
been forwarded from the. First
National bank of Denver to the First
National of this city. Another pack
age containing soou is also missing,
It is believed the robbers came from
Denver, and knew a large monev
.i .
package was in tne wagon.
Revenue Officials In Quandary Over the
Income Tax Decision.
Washington, April 9 The decision
of the supreme court yesterday in the
income tax case has plunged the in
ternal revenue officials into almost
inexplicable mysteries .and trouble.
The more the decision is studied the
greater seems the difficulties attending
a clear understanding . of its scope.
The declaration that incomes from real
estate are exempted has opened the
question whether the effect of the de
cision is not to include all farm
products, timber, coal and all mine
products within the exempt class.
Whether the losses sustained through
bad rents, debts and the amount of ex
penses incurred in collecting rents, or
for repairs on houses are to be de
ducted from incomes is also a mooted
question.
Under the decision rents are not to
be included in assessing the income
tax. Suppose, it is asked, a man's in
come is of a mixed character, that is,
from real and personal property, the
former is exempt. Can he deduct the
expenses necessary for the collection
of his income from personal property
before making his return? This ques
tion is puzzling the revenue collectors
and legal opinions on the point will
probably be sought.
Another grave question raised by the
decision is whether the roadbed,
roundhouses, stations, etc., of rail
roads are real estate or personal prop
erty within the meaning of the law.
The laws of several states are said to
differ on this point, and on several
others of importance involved in the
opinion of the court. As soon as a
verified copy of the opinion can be had
the internal revenue officials will be
gin the preparation of supplementary
regulations which will cover, more or
less, in a general way the opinion of
the court, leaving more abstruse ques
tions to be solved as they are presented.
Collectors of the tax in different
parts of the country have already be
gun telegraphing "for instructions on
many points. Some state the crush of
those who desire to make returns has
already begun.
All things considered . it is now
thought the loss to the treasury from
the income tax source will exceed 50
per cent of the total expected from this
tax.
CUBAN AFFAIRS.
Heavy Fighting in Which Many Spaniards
Are Killed And Wounded.
Tampa, Fla., April 10 Later reports
from Havana assert that the steamer
Manvlita has just arrived from Santia
go with more than 300 wounded
Spanish soldiers. They were taken to
the hospital steamer, because the hos
pitals at Santiago are crowded. A let
ter from Santiago mentions a battle at
Trosenes, near the Cantor river, in
which the Spanish general, Salceda,
with 1000 men, engaged a band of rev
olutionists under Rabi. The Spanish
loss was said to be 380, while the Cu
ban loss was 4 killed and 39 wounded.
The Spanish troops were mostly boys,
and in the battle pity was taken on
many who were caught, and their lives
were spared.
Maceo has organized a large force in
Santiago province. Since his arrival
800 soldiers, who fought under him in
the former revolution, have joined
him. Thev are nrinciDallv from M.i-
jaguabo, Maceo's old home.
- At a meeting of all the Cuban clubs
last night, Jose Marti was elected
delegate, or president, and Benjamin
Guerra, treasurer. 'This is the third
consecutive election.
The elite of Cuban society gathered
tonight in response to the call for a
celebration of an event greater than
any other in the history of former rev
olutions the declaration of independ
ence. It was the largest meeting ever
neid in the hall, and created fresh in
terest in tne cause.
Mr. Neill declared that the repor
ters of the Havana papers were sent
twice daily to the governor-general'i
palace, where war news was detailed
to them after having been edited by
the governor-general. In case any
news appeared that was not given out
at tne palace, tne reporter was put in
jail and tne paper severely disciplined.
have made under similar circumstances.
We have assured Americans that we
are not seeking fresh territory. Our
object is to obtain an adequate apology
for injury done and the payment of
compensation which we believe to be
our due."
The Globe this afternoon, comment
ing oh the same subject, remarks:
"Like other Central American re
publics given to twisting the lion's
tail, Nicaragua hoped Washington
would flare up in behalf of the' Monroe
doctrine, but President Cleveland, up
on inquiring into the matter discov
ered .the quarrel did not concern
America. It would be intolerable
were the Monroe doctrine so wrenched
as to cover such international out
rages as that of which Nicaragua has
been guilty. Fortunately for the con
tinuance of friendly relations between
the two great nations there is far less
disposition than formerly in America
to take advantage of every opportunity
to hurl defiance at England. Sensible
Americans recognize that the Monroe
doctrine, though founded on excellent
principles, requires to be enforced
with prudence and discretion."
COMPOS' POLICY.
He Declares Himself in Favor of Main
taining the Existence of the Union
With Cuba and Spain.
Washington, April 10 The policy
of General Martinez Campos, the
Spanish commander-in-chief en route
to Cuba for a decisive stroke against
the revolutionists, has been made
known in copies of the proceedings of
the Spanish congress, just received
here. The night before Campos sailed
both he and the minister of foreign
affairs addressed the cortes. The sig
nificance of General Campos' speech
lay in its conciliatory tone, showing
that his purpose was to avoid blood
shed. It was also brought out that
while he would keep free from party
entanglements in Cuba, he was
strongly inclined toward the autono
mists, or conservative element, and
would depend on them to resist separa
tion from Spain.
"I am in hope," said General Cam
pos, "that when I arrive in Cuba the
war will be- over, for I have no wish
for that kind of glory." He expressed
the cope that the various political
parties in Cuba would be inspired to
assist him in putting down the upris
ing. "I will do everything," he said,
"toward seeing that no party whatever
shall exercise its influence against the
automatist element."
'It was a coincidence that the au
tonomist party held a meeting in
Havana and passed resolutions of
welcome to Campos and pronounced
against separation . from the mother
country.
The principle of autonomy or home
rule in Cuba is similar to home rule in
Canada and other British colonies, but
is not absolute separation from Spain.
It is judged from General Compos'
speech that he will take the mi ddle
course of home rule without entire
separation from the mother country.
The report that President Marti
would promulgate a constitution for
the revolutionists today and then come
to the United States to secure recog
nition is received with some doubt by
those in Washington personally ac
quainted with Marti and familiar with
the status of affairs. They say no
election for president has been held.
A KENTUCKY DUEL.
Two Prominent Citizens Shoot
Other In the Street With
Results.
at Each
Fatal
NICARAGUA.
The English Press Deny That There
Any Cause For Jealousy on tne Part
of the United States.
Insurgents Defeated.
New York, April 11 A special
cable -from Kingston, Jamaica, says:
News has been received from Santiago
of three encounters between the gov
ernment troops and the insurgents led
by General Maceo. In every instance
the insurgents were defeated. The
first battle was near Los Brazos on
Tuesday, near La Algeria, and the
third near Palenque yesterday. In a
battle near Mayasi yesterday the in
surgents were also defeated.
Notice.
The Republican club of Columbia
precinct will meet at Fairfield school
house Saturday,April 20th, at 3 o'clock
in the afternoon, to elect delegates to
the meeting of Republican clubs in
Portland. -. G. H. Riddell,
president.
London, April 10 Regarding the
report from New York that the British
sloop-of-war Wild Swan has joined the
Royal Arthur, the flagship of the
British Pacific squadron, at Panama,
preparatory to her expected departure
for uorintn, .Nicaragua, to enforce the
ultimatum of Great Britain demanding
4o,uuu indemnity ior me expulsion
from Nicaragua of Mr. Hatch, British
consular agent at Uluefields, it was
stated at the admiralty today, in reply
to questions, that no orders have been
given the wild Swan or Koyal Arthur,
which would warrant the statements
made.
The Times today, in an editorial on the
situation, says: "if we are compelled
to collect customs Nicaragua will pre
sumably have to pay the costs of col
lection in addition to the mdemnitv.
She will find it less troublesome and
cheaper to settle with us forthwith.
Her efforts to excite the jealousy of
America have failed. Justice, with
the good sense of the Americans, have
proved too 'strong for the success of
these characteristic maneuvers.
Americans should only hear our case
and demands to acknowledge our
conduct was reasonable and just, and
to admit that bur claims were of such
a character as they would themselves
Cincinnati, April 11 In the busi
ness center of Covington, Ky., John L.
Sanford, cashier of the Farmers' &
Traders' bank, was killed at 1:30 P. M.
today, by State Senator William
Goebel. Both fired at each other on
the crowded street. An hour later one
of the wealthiest citizens was dead and
a leading politician was in custody at
the station-house, while the streets
were thronged with excited crowds.
The factional agitation over the bloody
affair continues to run high tonight on
this side of the river, as well as in Cov
ington and other Kentucky towns.
Goebel and Sanford were the leaders
of two bitterly contesting Democratic
factions. The feud is an old one, but
it became intensely personal last Sat
urday, when the Covington Ledger pub
lished a very bitter attack on Sanford,
which the latter attributed to Senator
Goebel. The latter acknowledged its
authorship. The friends of both have
been talking this week in such a man
ner that trouble was expected the first
time the two men met.
The meeting today showed both men
were well-armed. Senator Goebel and
Attorney-General Hendricks were
walking up Radison street. As they
approached the First National bank,
Sanford, who was. leaning up against
the railing-. aDoroached auicklv toward
Senator Goebel and spoke to the latter
at the same time drawing his revolver.
Senator Goebel turned to one side,
just as Sanford fired. The bullet from
Sanford's revolver passed through
Senator Goebel's coat and his trousers,
in two places over the hip. Senator
Goebel then drew his revolver and
fired, his shot taking effect in the right
side of Sanford's forehead. The first
word was spoken and the first shot was
fired by Sanford. There were but two
shots, one by each of the assailants.
DON'T
STOP
TOBACCO!
IT'S INJURIOUS TO STOP SUDDENLY
and don't be imposed upon by buying a remedy tha
requires you to do o, as it is nc tiling more than s
substitute. In the sudden stoppage of tobacco you
must have some stimulant, and in most all cases, the
effect of the stimulent, he it opium, morphine, or
other opiates, leaves a far worse habit contrac-
i ii i ted. Ask your druggist about
liACO - CUKO. It ti
purely vegetable. You do no
have to stop using tobacco with
' 1 BACO -CUllO. It will
notify you whn to stop and your desire for tobacco will cease. ' V'our system will be at free
from nicotine as the day before you took your first chew or smoke. An iron clad written
guarantee to absolutely cure the tobacco habit in all its forms, or money refunded. Price
i.oo per bo or 3 boxes (30 days treatment or guaranteed cure ) $2.50, For sale by all
druggists or will be sent by mail upon receipt of price.
FOR SAMPLE BOX. Booklets and proofe free.
Eureka Chemical & M'Pg Co.,
SEND SIX TWO CENT STAMPS
La Crosse, Wis.
Offlcs of THE PIONEER PKESS COMPANY, C. W. H kmc Supt
EUrekrbemical.nnMrC,..L.-r...Wi.. Pul. Ml..n.. S.pu 7 16M.
Dear sirs 1 b-tve been a toba.co (lend lor many yara, and during the put two reirs hire Hooked of.
teen to twenty ci retrulirly every day. My wuo'e nrr us system btc . aft ecu d, until inr bhvaidaa
told me I mu-a give up the u; of tobveco .,r th Mine being, at losal. I triol the -o-oall d "Kedev
jure, 'No-Jo- -ae. and varii.ue oti er ren.e iea. bui without auccee , nntil I a eel .tally learned of your
Haeo-Cure. Three weekaavo today I commence i ml vnur pr -prat on, nd today I cnai er mveeJ
comp etely curi; I mi i perfect hcalt.i, and the horrible craving fr tub-oco. which every - illiterate
Jinokerf'jilvapDret-iat.s,ha com, kte.y hit me. 1 conaider your "6.00.1 urn" aimi ly wonderful and
can fully recommend it. Your, yery triiy, . o. W. Hoaaica.
When You Have School Boob to Purchase
REMEMBER M. T. N0L1N,
Who always Bulls as low as the lowest in the city. Ou account of a circular
quit generally distributed through this section by the aKeni of the America!.
Book Company? the price list of school books published in September, 1891, ii
hereby withdrawn; all. the prices in that list being lower than those
agent claims are the proper retai.' prices. For new prices inquire at his store
148 eeond Ktrent. TIIK DALL1X O UK JOIN
The New Columbia Hotel
This large and popular House does the principal hotel busi
ness, and is prepared to furnish the Best Accom
' modations of any house in the city,
and at the low rate of
31 Per Day.
First-Class Meals, 25 Gems
Office for all STAGE LINES leaving The Dalles for all points
in Eastern Oregon, and Eastern -Washington,
is located in this Hotel.
T.
T. NICHOLAS. Pronrietor.
Cor. Front and Union Sts The Dalles, Oregon
SHOOTING AFFRAY.
The Only Survivor Now lodged in tha
Jail at Riverside.
Riverside, April 9 Charles Mar
shall, the only survivor of the bloody
shooting: affray which took place at
San Jacinto last night, was landed in
jail here today by Sheriff Johnson.
Andrew Larsen, the innocent bystand
er who was shot, died this morning-,
and Frank Hamilton, who had the
quarrel with Marshall, died at noon.
Sheriff Johnson states that the stories
about the shooting: are conflicting.
Marshall and his friends claim that
Hamilton was the' aggressor. The
shooting, as near as can be ascertained,
was caused by Marshall interfering in
a settlement of money affairs between
Hamilton and a saloon-keeper named
Wilby. Marshall, after having some
words with Hamilton, went away, but
soon returned with a pistol and began
shooting. He fired six shots, three
taking effect. Hamilton fired five
shots, only one of which took effect,
the bullet shattering Marshall's arm.
Marshall does not bear the best repu
tation, and, as he has been in other
shooting scrapes, he was generally
feared. On the other hand, Hamilton
was well liked. He was deputy sheriff
oi this county under the last adminis
tration. When the .sheriff left San
Jacinto with his prisoner, the citizens
were greatly excited, and it is thought
that Marshall's preliminary examina
tion will Jte held here. The prisoner
does not say much, but says he can
clear himself. Sheriff Johnson says
there was some talk of lynching Mar
shall when he reached aan Jacinto.
GEORGE RUCH.
PIONEER GROCER
(Successor to Chrisman & Corson.)
- - full line of
Staple and fancy groceries
Again at the old stand I would be pleased to see all my
c T7 . . . r i
Paas Paper Dyes
For Easter Eggs at
DonnelPs Drug: Store
latest lews From me Oil it
Says the Japanese are wiping the ground with
the Chinese, and
i Harris, the Mother
Is doing more effective work and
Is Slaughtering High Pric es
To suit the financial depression. I have now
double room, and am preparing for a new stock
of goods.
Clothing, Hats, Boots and Shoes
For Everybody Young and old, big and small.
N. HARRIS.
15
cent!!
SHAVING
15 a
KT FRHZ6R Si
MYNDHHM'G
CHINA AND JAPAN.
The Terms of Peace to Which Chins has
to Accede to Secure Peace.
Washington, April 11 An author!
tative statement of the terms of peace
being negotiated between Japan and
China have been secured from official
sources. The statement is made in or
der to clear up much misapprehension
arising from speculations. The terms
are as follows:
First The independence of Corea.
Second The permanent cession of
the island of Formosa to Japan.
Third An indemnity of 300,000,000
taels of Chinese coin, worth $1.33.
Fourth The permanent occupation
of Port Arthur and immediate con
tiguous territory.
Hune Cains and snaving Parlors
SHOWGR BHTH ROOMS NOW REHDV.
110 Front Street, - Opposite Cosmopolitan Hotel.
T6LGPH0N NO. 45
RUPERT S'GHBEL
Wholesal and retail manufacturers of and dealers in
Fifth A new Japan treaty, opening ! f-f r, hmacC QntinlPQ RrinlPC fY
sree. I ICll is j w'MMMBvas - r.
the interior of China to commerce,
The money indemnity is expressed
In Chinese taels instead of Japanese
yen. Tne taei is, in reainy, a weigni
instead of a coin. It is considered as
silver monev. While its face value as
$1.33 would be equivalent to $399,000,-
000 in silver, it is said the actual value
would be between $210,000,000 and
8220.000.000 in erold: The fifth term as
to a new treaty includes various trade
features such as free access to Chinese
rivers. There is no demand for terri
tory on the mainland outside of Port
Arthur and its continguous surround'
ings.
ars,
Tents, and Wagon Covers.
And A. 11 Article kept In a Klret Claee Hamas.
hop.
REPAIRING PROMPTLY DONE.
Opposite Moody t Warehouse
THE DALLES, OREGON.