YA(JUINA BAY.
An Oregouian Plan's Observations and
Impressions of the Coast Harbor.
:., ? ., ' : . . : i r 1 ; -:, j
BKSC'KtPTtOX OP THE bay and tuk
E3TTKASCK T IT.
Purpose of tae. Government laproreacat mw
la rrocreatY ao.nl aa River nd the -Country
aloeg Ita Hanks, etc i
STATUS or
the oBEeox : pacific
BAIJ.BOAJ). . j
Twenty Mile t Kondbed Graded Work In
AeUTCfrolrreM U Sim. 1 nnnei u rn !
paratloa for Ooaatroetloa Work la -the
spring, te. -
CoB.va.ixia, Oct. 29. j
Yaqulna bay ! B deep and narrow harbor In the
Oregoa coast one hundred and twenty mile aouth
of the Columbia rtrer and about one-third of the
distance along the ocean chore from the northern
toward the aouthern limit of the atate. Ita shape
la not unlike baby's stocking toe to the sea, heel
to the northeast, with ankle rtachrng inland toward
the southeast and its area Is about fifteen square
mf 1m. Much of this tilaca la ahoal flat, but a deep
hip range, nowhere less than twelve hundred feet
Wide, and broadening in places to double that width.
extends from inside the bar to where the bay nar-
cowt to the Taquina river, distance about six miles.
This channel ia nowhere interrupted by shoals, its
depth varies from four to eight fathoms and its bot
tom affords a secure hold for anchors. On all sidea
hills rise with gentle slope from the water line to
considerable height, completely land-locking the
harbcr and protecting it from the nor'west galea of
summer and the southerly storms of winter. One
river, the Taquina, pours its flood into the ankle
extremity of the figurative stocking, and three large
tide) sloughs, almost rivers in volume, empty Into
its northern and southern aides. : These tributaries
disgorge largo streams, which, with the ebbing
tides, rush in a deep, aw lft current through the bay
and out into toe ocean, . ;
THK KNT&AMCK
To Yaanina bay has been much written about and
much . lied about. It has been ignorsntly sneered
at as a "schooner channel," and its friends retorting
have represented it as much better than itisiu
fact. Its surrounding features are much life those
at the mouth of the Columbia river but on a much
smaller scale. A sand cliff on the north side rises
abruptly to a height of 200 feet, in appearance very
much like Cape Hancock. and the southern side is low
and flat not unlike Point Adams. The distance
across from land to land ia half a mile. The chan
nel from deep water inside to deep water outside is
3)00 feet long. Its course is southwest from a point
mldwav between the headlands out halt a mile from
the shore line, ita outer end being off shore a quar-
ter of a mile of the southern point. It is straight
and narrow, and in rough weather is cleat ly marked
' by the bresker line on either side of it. During the.
greater pnrt of its 3000 feet the wster is compara
tively deep, and for only 600 feet ts it dangerously
ahoal. Thla is the obannel at the present time. Its
southerly trend is due to the force of the summer
north winds, which pile the sands in from the north
side, bui the winter gales from the south will force
the ssnd in from the shore on the south siae, ana ny
the 1st of February the channel will have shifted
quarter of a mile toward the north.
The bar is of ssnd overlying a rocky ledge, and
the lead-Hue at extreme low water ahows a depth of
slue feet, which the tidal variation deepens to 18
feet at high wster. This is increased, at . rare
times when the underlying ledge is cleared of sand.
to 34 feet, and this depth at high tide, it is expected
Iraij ; govbbsmkbt work.
Now in progress to make permanent. It is proposed
to build from the point on the south side of the en
trance a Jetty three thousand feet dirtctly west and
out through the surf into the ocean. Its purpose is
to oloae up the present or south channel and divert
the flow westward in a straight line from a point
midway bet wren the headlands. This will afford
channel which neither the summer nor winter
storms csn change, and will by confinement snd lu
cressed acceleration of the currents scour the sand
clear, work on this Jetty was commencea in ikbi
and it has been built out live hundred snd fifty feet
from the high wster line. The first sppropriation
for the work waa 40.000, two-thirds of which was
required for a plant docks, tugs, scows, donkey en
vines, etc. and the second sppropriation, lsst year,
was only f 10,000. The appropriation for this year is
$60,000, which will extend the jetty seven or eight
hundred feet, work commenced on the lot Inst,
and will be continued through the winter 'months
with a force of twenty-five men. They will do noth
Ing on the Jetty itself, but will lay in large store of
rock to be used when good weather opens In the
soring. The rock used on the work is hsrd snd
durable, and is brought by scows from a qusrry on
the Yaqulna river fourteen miles from the point,
and lauded on the inside shore of the point half
mile from the work Itself. The task of transporting
the rock Is slow and exprnslve. in fact the most dif.
flcult and costly item of the improvement. The
Jetty is built of brush mattrasses, cribs and heavy
stone, is from sixty to one hnndred feet wide at the
base, twenty feet wide at the top and ao far has been
built up to high water line. It pushes out Into the
aurf aud mus t stand the tremendous pounding of
the wsves with the adaed force of the currents as
they rush in and out. It stood througn lsst winter i
storms without break or damage and now appears to
be solid as the eternal hills. From the beginning.
Mr. J. If. Polhemus. O. E , sn attache of the United
States etogioeer office at Portland, has hsd charge of
the work. I found him busily engaged in the hard
work of preparation for next spring's extension and
he seemed to be doing it thoroughly snd well. It
wss a pleasure to &nd in this important place a man
so thoroughly fitted for it and so enthusiastic in it.
, :' " THB BCCK LEDGE
- which forms the backbone of the Yaqulna bar. is
aeries of comparatively aharp points which could
- easily be blasted out. Expert engineers who have
examined it, variously estimate the cost at iroin
t27S,00(. to $430,000, the larger figure probably more
nearly approaching the cost. But until the business
of the bsy ia greatly increased, it is not
probable that the government can be in
. duced to begin so great and costly a work,
I Three quarters of a mile from the shore line and
directly opposite the entrance a sunken reef lies
parallel to the coast line. It is composed of a series
of ledges, upon one of which toe wster is but eight
een feet deep at low tide. In rough weather the
surf breaks heavily upon thia reef, but the waves
spend their force there and even in the most bois
terous storms tho space Inside the reef snd between
It and the entrance is comparatively calm. Vessels
entering, sail south of this reef snd before reaching
the channel pass iotd the space protected by it. This
is a pesuliar advantage which no other harbor in
the world possesses and ia of the highest value.
There is no tug on the bsr, but a pilot lives npon
the point near the government work and he can eas
. lly be Bailed by approaching vessels; but they too
often trust to their charts and to luck and come un
piloted. While I was st the bsy a little steamer,
the Ona, entered, guided by an Indian sailor whose
only knowledge of the channel had been gained by
one or two former visits. Such recklessness is un
just to the owners of vessels and likely to hurt the
reputation of the bar. Ship masters have no right
to put property in peril or to Jeapardiie the good
fame of the bay. .
Si much for the entrance. It is now eighteen feet
deep at high tide, its depth will soon be permanent
ly Increased to twenty four feet and by the expend
iture of less thsn half a million dollars it can be
made deep enough to float the deepest ships that sail
the ocean.
YAQUTNA BIVEB,
Which empties into the bay at ita southeastern ex
tremity, is st its mouth about equal in width to the
Willamette at Stdem aud its volume is much grester
It, with its tributaries, the Big Elk snd Little Elk.
snd a great number of creeks, drains s great section
of country west of the Cascade mountains and pours
out their gathered wsters in a swift, deep stream.
It Is navigable to a point twenty miles abeve ita
junction with the bay. Two small steamboats ply
regularly upon it, and schooners have frequently
ascended as far ss Elk City, twenty-five miles from
the ocean. There is some tide-flat and bottom land
along its bsnks, but the grester distance they rise
from the water line to steep hills, clothed to their
aumsits with a thick under-growth, which, at tbia
season, presents a beautiful variety of autumn tints.
There is no single landscape feature on the river
which may be called grand, but along its whole
court. the viewa are' fine. Neat houses dot the al
luvial patches contiguous to it and eveu among the
high lands there are many good places.
In another letter I shall write of the industrial,
commercial and social conditions of Yaqulna bay and
of the western part of Benton county, and of im
portant railroad operations now in progress there
A. H.
COBYAIXIB, Oct. 30.
' Yaqulna bay, like all the other harbors along the
coast, is rich In resources, but nnlike most of them.
it baa no great atore of timber. Good patches of fir
and cedar there are, bnt the area of forest is limited.
The whole country shews the marka of great forest
fires ..and thousands of desolate white tree trunka.
! standing memorials of forests gone, dot the country
over. Ths shores of the nay present a nne vicissi
' rude of elevation, outline and color, but are almost
wholly barren of large trees. Along the tide
sloughs, however, and in the gulches, fine timber la
found and a gooa snare oi toe population ia engaged
in working it. Three sawmiila of comparatively
limited capacity are in operation, their added daily
cuts being about 60,000 feet. Most of this lumber is
manufactured to order for the Oregon Pacific Bail
road Company, whose operationa are the life of this
aa of nearly every other enterprise on the bay. The
mills, however, existed before the railrosd compsny,
thnnoh their cut was moch less. San Francisco waa
Of course the matket, and during the past few yeara
great many ship loads of Taqoina bsy timber bsve
foand their way there. . The absence of extended
t iibtr fields, however, hss prevented establishment
hrA of the large merchant mills which are found
other inlet along the coast.
Very few of the famed Oregon ornamental woods
are found on Yaqnina bsy. The myrtle grows no
further north than the Cmpqua river, but tn curiy
maple ana knotted asn grows every wncro.
F&ainxo AND STOCK BAISIKO
Are carried on In small way, but there are no exten.
i.... a-cma to either. No such broad levels
as are required for grain exist and though wide ranges
abound, n one has gone extensively into the atock
business. ."Operations la these lines of Industry are
on that compromise system known as "reuchtng.
r. .tini ainno the river and bay. ana
mall field spot between ths Mil are of rich soil
which yields abundantly. Tillage of these treats la
easy and the return is great. Potatoes are everywhere 1
a nne crop, Doth as to yield and quality, and large
shipments are made - to the San Francisco
market. Other vegetables thrive well, and the local
market at Newport ia anpplled throngh the seasons
with articlea of this class aa fine aa can be produced
anywhere in the Willamette valley.
When the natural advantagea for stock raising are
examined, one can bnt wonder that the business is
neglected. The hillsides are covered half-a-root
deep with a productive decayed ash, the remains
of what must once have been great foresta. Natur
ally they yield a nutritious small grass, but where
they have been seeded by the simple broadcast pro
cess, they produce wonderful and perennial crops.
One man in a month could ao "set" a thousand acres
to grass and would have a range which would sup
port, without other feed, a thousand cattle. And,
too, the region is wnoiiy tree' irom lasting snows,
the great obstacle to stock raising. It is rtmsrkable
indeed, that this inviting opportunity ia neglected.
Bnt It is neglected, ana ao completely that there
are not enough cattle on the bay to supply the small
local market with fresh butter.: On one or two tsbles
I did not find butter st all. and Mr. Abby, the hotel
keeper at Newport, informed- me that he was com
pelled to supply his table from Tillamook bay, a
hundred miles away.
FRUIT CULTUKK
Has attracted the attention of several practical or-
chsrdists snd two or three experiments are being
made on a large acale. The most important venture
In the line of fruit raising is thst of Messrs. Briggs,
Denlinger & Humphrey. Their place is on the south
bsnk of the Yaqulna river, four or five miles above
its junction with the bsy, one of the most sightly on
the river. It consists of 424 acres of good open
land, about half of which is nnder cultivation, the
whole being well situated for general farming as
well as the special fruit enterprise to which it ia
chiefly devoted. In March, 1873, Messrs. Brigga,
Denlinger k Humphrey, after careful study of the
fruit question, determined to go into the business of
prune raising, and commenced .looking about for a
location. Theequable climate or Xaquina bay and
the special excellence of its river soil attracted their
attention, and soon determined ' their choice as to
location, and Mr. Briggs, the managing partner in
the company, at once commenced the work of plant
ing, and to-day tbey have one of the most extensive,
and well kept orchards lu Oregon.! Their fields con
tain 8500 Italian prune trees, 500 petite prunes, 600
plums, 1000 apples of 10 vsrieties, 600 pesrs of 10 va
rieties, 100 chestnuts, almonds and walnuts, and a
general assortment of cherries, spricots and small
fruits. The prunes bore for the first time this sea
son, and though the yield was not large, it ahowed
the perfect healthfulness of the young trees and
gave gratifying promise for the future. The diffi
culties and expense attending the establishment of
such sn enterprise in a see'lon so remote have been
great. ' Mr. Brigga, who has personally labored
through them all, points with pardonable pride to bis
trim rows of graceful saplings. There ran be no ques
tion that the enterprise which to this time hss been
a constant and severe drain npou the firm,. will in
the end yield them a rich profit. My visit to
the orchards was of special interest, not lesa that
the venture is sn important experiment, than be
cause two of the partners in it. Messrs. Denlinger snd
Humphrey, hsve long been in the service of Thx
Oreooniam, snd are as worthy men as ever deserved
wen.
Dr. Rich, whose place is on the north side of the
river, snd Mr. Jos. Thompson" and others have ex
tensive ana nne orchards. The region has not been
long enough settled to develop sn Important fruit
interest, nut it has great possibilities. The
COMMBBCE AMD TBADK '
Of Taquina bay are quite important. Capt. Wynsct,
of San Francisco, with his schooner, the Vsnderbilt.
200 tons, makes monthly trips to San Fran
cisco. He brings in miscellaneous merchandise snd
carries out the various products of the bsy. Among
tne most important of these products are oysters,
found in great supply on the shoals throughout the
bay. Capt. Wynant is the proprietor of an oystering
headquarters on the west side of the bay, and does
besides a thriving business with a general store
which ia nnder tho management of a rebident agent.
The business of oystering wss carried on some years
sgo till the natural beds were exhausted. A few
yeara of rest, however, have allowed the growth of
a new crop. - The Taquina oyster is about donble the
size of his- Pnget Bound cousin, wholly free from
coppery taste snd fat and healthy.
The little steam and sailing schooner Kate and
Anne, 40 tons, makes frequent but irregular trips
between the bay and Portland, carrying merchan
dise in and general products out. Another vessel,
the steam schooner Oua, haa just been built at
Portland for this trsde, and made her first trip to
the bay during my visit. There is no regular line
either irom Ban r ranctsco or rortlana, ana rates of
freight carriage vary according to the amount ship-
pea, no regular ecneauie can De aependea upon
and this is a serious embarrassment to business men.
The grester part of the business of the bay goes to
Portland because it is easier to- order 'here thau at
Sau Fraucisro; but singularly the merchanta of
neither place have made -special effort to secure the
trsde. Portland nas the advantage of proximity.
and should properly have' the business, bnt unless
her merchants show better spirit than they have in
the past, it will go to San Francisco. Capt. Wynantt
nas Qone much this summer to direct trade to San
Francisco, and there has been no counter offer from
Portland. .
There are now eight general stores on the bay, be
sides several small class stores st Newport, and
their aggregate sales for the past year had been
aoout (130,000. This business is capable of lmpor
tant development, and ia well worth the attention of
wholesale men in the large markets.
Tpwss. ! . .
- The chief town of the bay is Newport, just within
the north side of the entrance; It has three general
stores, three hotels, four saloons, a brewery, two
drug stores.a tin store and a b -rber shop. One lawyer
nno.8 snort picking, out there is no resident pbysl
clan in the place. Its stores and bouses are neat aud
we.'l built, aud a substantial dock gives a commer
cial air to the place.
, Yaqulna, the proposed terminus of the Oregeu Pa
cific road, as yet consists of a large dock, two large
warehouses, the customs house, a small wooden
building' and two residences. Its site Is at the ex
treme eastern end of the bar, is well chosen and
affords room for a fine city. Many applications for
lors lu this new town have been made, but as the
'company has not yet selected its depot and other
grounds, tney nave not permitted sales to be msde,
Oneatta, a mile south of Yaquica. is simply a saw
mill town ; Toledo consists of three of four houses,
two or them being stores; oyster vllle is simply sn
oystering station, ana tlx city, at the heart or oavl
gatioti' on the river, is a village of half a dozen
hrusts. Asa
BCMMEB BESOBT
Taquina bay is already popular, and great numbers
of people from the Willamette valley visit it every
year. The situation of Newport very like that of
nort Canny at the mouth or the Columbia river is
specially adapted for a seat of summer recreation,
and Its hotels are always crowded from June to Sep
tember. On both sides of the entrance there are
amply protected spaces for camping, and during the
summer months scores of tents are pitched there.
The beach on the north and south is hard and
smooth, aud picturesque rocks give the north side a
ruggea variety, r our miles up the coast Cape f oul
weather pushes out into the ocean, and the magnifi
cent ocean views from It fully repsy the tolls of the
trip. Fine hsh, clams, crabs and oysters are found
in great supply.
IS GENERAL
The population of Yaqulna bay and vicinity ia
about 1500. The people are engaged in ranching.
logging, .umbering and tne various branches or bust
ness which hsve been spoken of above. They are
as honest, hard-working people and as a rule well-
to-do. Wages are about the same as In the Willam
ette valley for rongh labor $2 per day and other
sorts ol work in proportion;
There is no church on tne Day ana religious ser
vices are not regularly held. Schools are not well
established, even in Newport, and many children are
sent aut to the valley to be educated.
The climate is the usual cosst climate or Oregon,
almost exactly like that of Astoria. The summers
are cool and the winters mild. A wholesome sea air
at all times prevails snd mslarial and similar forms
cf siikness are wholly unknown. People who come
from the valley in languid ana drooping condition
or health are speedily improved by the bracing
breezes. A lsrger population and easy and rapid
means of accesa will make Yaqulna bay a desirable
place of residence.
The hopes or the people or this whole section are
now centered in the
OBBOOSt PACIFIC BAILBOAD COMPAKY,
Which is engaged in the work of building a line
connecting the bay - with the Willamette valley.
This company is, by an arrangement of contracts
and transfers, -the assignee of the Willamette Val
ley k Coast Railroad Company, organized several
years ago by Col. T. Edgentou Hogg and others of
Corvsllis. By its charter, its property is exempt
irom taxation ' years rrom the date or completion
of its line from Corvallls to Yaqulna bay, and when
ten miles of such line ia finished, the compsny be
comes the owner of all tide and overflowed lands in
Benton county. The original company did some
little work, and got hold of a little material, in all
not more then $30,800 worth. The enterprise lan
guished for a time, till two years ago. Col. Hogg se
cured help from eastern capitalists, and with them
organized the Oregon Pacific and make it the assignee
of the W. V. fc C. K. R. Oo.'a property and righto. The
change waa in fact only a change of name. The new
company, however, propose not only to build the
line from the Willamette valley to Yaqulna bay, but
to push it eastward to lueet an eastern connection at
Boise City in Idaho. ; I took special care to Inquire
into the I
STATES OV "TUB WOBK
As It now stands. I traveled over the whole line
and found the roadbed for standard gauge track
graded for eighteen miles west of Corvallls. The
rest of the distance is surveyed and location of the
road ataked. Between the summit of the cosst
rsnge and the bay, the road must pass through
three tunnels, and work in these I found in active
progress. Tunnel No. 1 will be 730 feet long. No.
400 feet, and No. 3, 650 feet. Workmen are in about
75 feet at each of the six enda of the tunnels and are
pushing the work as rapidly as possible.
As fsr ss they hsve gone the work has been done
thoroughly. The first and greatest difficulty in tun
nel work is to mske the start, and this haa been
done at each of the portals. Shifts of men sre em
ployed night snd day, snd the work is progressing
slowly but stesdlly. At no point on the line is
grading now in progress. - . '
AT THB BAT
A great deal of work has been done this season, and
on the site of the proposed city of Yaqnlna, two
large warehouses and a substantial dock for ships
have been built, a rocky cliff along the shore for
nearly two miles blasted away and a construction
track laid. The road bd hers is protected by a long
stretch of expensive crib work, which is now being
extended. A telegraph line -sixty-five miles long,
connecting Yaqulna City and Corvatlia, has been
bui t. and Is now In operation. In these various
worka fully $250,000 haa been expended. The com
pany baa also on the ground ready for next season's
work, a great quantity of
J COM TBCCTIOlt MATEBIAL, :
representing at least a value of $160,000. Wheels
and castings complete for seventy-five freight ears
are stored on the dock and in the warehouses, on
locomotive set up and In running order, and vast
Files of bolts, aptkaa, ete., are on the around,
have Uarasd mpoa Inquiry sf Ut. Wm. X. Hosg,
the general manager of the road, that the company
has stored in the Hatchawa. Oriental and North
Point warehouses at San Francisco, 75 miles of steel
rails, two locomotives, four passenger coaches in
sections ready to be set up, three express cars in
sections ana two mail cars also in sections. The
compsny hss also In New York two locomotives. AH
or these materials await shipment ana will be
brought np to the bay by vessels during the winter.
on tne ground between the oocxat kaquioaana
Corvallls, and belonging to the company, are five
saw mills, 3,000,000 feet of lumber and 100,000 ties.
AH of these materials Mr. Hoag assured ma are paid
for and the company owea no man a cent. Its dis
bursements sre now ana nave been large oaring tne
past two years, and every claim against it in prompt
ly paid.
The officers of the road are T. Egenton Hogg i who
ia now in New York), president; Wm. M. Hoag, 1st
vice president and general manager; Wallis Nash, 2d
vice-president, and associated with Mr. Hoag in the
work of general management here; Col. I. W. Smithy
chief engineer, and Mr. H. uates, supenntenaent.
It is proposed, so Mr. Hoag informed me. to com
plete the tunnels during the winter, and npon the
opening of good weather in the spring to commence
actively the work or construction all along the line.
He confidently expects that connection between the
bsy and Corvallls will be made by next fall. Up to
thia time the chief work and outlay baa been put
npon the difficult points cf the line, so thst when,
the work of construction la begun it can be pushed
rapidly. A. H.
Ills Harvest.
It was a strange scene. A passionate.
high-tempered boy had spoken, in heat
of temper, words it'was painful to hear,
unfeeling, insolent, angry words. They
were said to his father; a man who in
earlier days would have responded with
a blow. His hair was white now, and
his blood had cooled Bomewhat. He
ooked at his son sadly.
' "I had rather have given a thousand
dollars than to see you give way to your
temper like this. You are ruining your
own life, and spoiling your chances for
happiness. .
"xou are one to say that! the boy
cried, passionately, all his lifelong fear
of bis father s vept away by bis anger.
xoul if you haven t got madder than
anybody else. I don't know what mad
is! I never saw the time when I was
not afraid of you."
And then the bov stopped, suddenly
realizing how afraid he was, and half ex
pecting some punishment immediate
and condign. He was not prepared for
his father's reply.
I am the very one to say it, the old
man answered. "If I had not suffered
so much from my own temper I should
not be anxious to spare yon similar pain.
Do you think I like to know that my
own son has always been afraid of me;
that I am dreaded and not welcome in
my own home; that my old age will be
embittered because I have been an un
lovely though not an unloving iriao?"
I have had my punishment all my
life; and it's not the least heavy stroke
of it when you can say what you have
said this morning; and I know in my
own soul that it is the truth.
"If I had been gentle, and patient.and
self -controlled,! should have been happy
and be loved instead of unhappy and
avoided. Do you think I want you to
sow what I have sown, and reap what I
have reaped?
Things could never be the same be
tween that father and son if all their life
together had been one of kindness and
justice and self restraint on the father's
side, and loving obedience on the son s;
but that mutual acknowledgement of the
the truth brought them more nearly to
gether than they had ever been brought
before. Youth s Companion.
Preparing Plants fur Winter.
It is a great mistake ta delay the work
of preparation for winter until it is sng
crested bv cool merits or a warnine criven
by blighting frosts. When a plant has
been taken from a pot and planted in
open ground it usually out-grows its
former place and is too large for any
vessel -of convenient size. The root
should be cut away to a considerable ex
tent and likewise the top or foliage must
be correspondingly reduced. IS ovices
often fail at this point, for they dislike to
part with any of the new growth, and set
the plant m a pot nnpruned and expect,
what is not possible, that it will nourish
Cot back root system and branch system
equally is the rale. Plants when thus
transplanted need to be favored by be
ing kept in the shade and sheltered from
the drying winds until they have made a
good start in the pots. Many of the
house plants are kept in their pots dur
ing the summer and they will need re
potting, or the pot washed and the sur
face soil replaced by ftesh, rich earth,
A larger pot is needed by those plants
whose roots have formed a mat along the
the inner surface. The ball of earth can
be examined q aickly by spreading the
lef f hand on the vessel the stem passing
between the fingers, and with the other
hand on the bottom invert the pot and
give the edge a downward tap against
some object. If this does tot succed,
pour some water around the edge, and
after a short time repeat the operation
All old pots should be clean, and if new
ones are used soak them in water until
the pores are filled. A piece of broken
vessel is placed over the bottom hole be
fore filling in the potting earth. All
the necessary pots, soil, etc., should be
obtained now, thev may be at hand
when needed at any time during the
winter. J Agriculturist.
NOTICE.
To the Farmers and Mechanics of Oregon,
Washington Territory and Idaho,
We wish to call your attention to the fact
that our annual Catalogue and price IL't for
1882 86 is now ready for distribution. . 11
will be found very valuable and instructive
reading, and will be furnished gratuitously.
Send your name and postomce address to
FARMERS and MECHANICS' STORE,
184 First street, Portland, Oregon.
sepl-l m P. O. Box 175
fclnven'a 1 oi!ilte t'heny Tootb Paste
All aromatic combination for the preservation
ot the teetn and gums. It is lar superior to aav
preparation of iu kind in tho market. In large,
handsome opul pots, price fiftv cent-. For salrf
by all druggists. Hodge, Davig & Co., whole
sale agents, Portland, Oregon
DON'T BUY BOSS BOOTS UNLESS
YOU WANT THE BEST. SEE THAT
OUR NAME IS ON EVERY PAIR.
AKIN, SELLING k CO.
Frank G. Abell, the Portland photographer is
leading the profession in all the novelties of the
art. liis work is always of tne best and his cus
tomers are satisfied with what they receive.
"Please hang np" is the polite
phonic for "Hold your tongue."
Mexican. tele
-New
The male and female minstrels at the Elite
theatei in Portland are drawing crowded homes.
The Tudors are the latest sensation and more
talent is on the way.
RHEUMATISM! No one suffers trom this
distressing complaint if the blood is pure snd
heaithy. OREGON BLOOD PURIFIER makes
eri' Rich Blood and cares Rheumatism, Pains
in the Back, Limbs, etc Try It. $1 a bottle,
all druggists and medicine dealers sell it.
Book Asd Mcsic Bcteh-: Send lo Wiley B
Allen, 153 third etreet, Portland, for any book
or music pu Wished. Orders by mail filled
promptly. The "Musical Pastime," a monthly
jmirnal of music, 50 cts. a year. Send sUifap for
big catalogue of music
fiend $1.0 to W, 1). Palmer, Portland, lor oae
year's subscription to the Pacific Oveneer, the
-great semi-monthly A. 0. U. W. rsoer.
Tckkisb Bco. S ?ua ij sfu B. Ga ir.se n
167 Thirl street Portland, for catalogues ol fir
si fa I.
The bebt liver regulator knwn, a sure cure for
D-speiia and indigestion is Dr. Henley's Cali
fornia I. X. L. Hitters.
Garrison repairs ail kinds oi sewing machine?.
Fiplame-I at foot of t Ms column.
PfifflaM Essiss Directory !
MFUCAL.
THKHINH AL, PAMTIHK.-A monthly Jour
nal oi music (both vocal and instrumental.) sent to
any address lor 50cts per year. Address WUev B.
Allen, publisher and music dealer, 153 Third street,
Portland, Oregon. Catalonruo free.
NUKVRTORN.
W. I. HlYUt Civil KiiKiiteer. Contractor and
surveyors. Oiliee Room No. S Lane's . Building,
fcast Portland. All kinds ot surveying and drafting
dune fur any part of the country.
BAKERIES.
ITM P rfcTrH A IT EY i Washlnirton. Voss fc
iuur,rm, aaanuiuciurers oi mot nreaci, 1-HK1&.
Picnic, Butter, Boston, ftugar and Hhoe Fly crackers.
Orders from the trade bolUltod and promptly at
tended to,
ANMAYERS.
W. O. JESXK & CKS.-109 Front street near
Washington. Ores, metals, mineral waters, coalr,
etc., carefully analyzed. Aftsavs for gold and silver
3.j other metals from tX to 5. Uold dust bought
and bars made. Orders by mall carefully attended
tO. ... .'.!
7. B. BtelWTOSH.-Cor. Front and Stark. Chem
ical analysis made of coal, mineral waters, etc. Or
dinary ajtsays of gold, sliver, lead or copper, from
. hi a. itr. r. narypy, nonsuiting uneiuist.
"itTo H'Xf.'vh.
D- P. K.KNXKD Y.Attorney and (Jotinseior ul
I.rw Boon a DekNna's bonding. Legal buslnetM
pertaining to Letters I'atent fur Inventions, befon
the Patent Oflicf or In the Court, a specialty.
EYE & EAR INF1IIMARY
-AND- v '
SANITARIUM, OR HQUE FOR THE SICK
Matcsulum Bond bet. Porter nnd Wood stta..
South Portland, Or.t
Dr. Pllklnirton. lat Professor of Eve A Ear Diseases
In the M-dical Department of Willamette University
has ertcted a fine building, on a beautiful elevation in
the soutb part of the city and is prepared to accomo
date patients suffering from all diseases of the KYE,
EAR or THROAT. AImo will pay special attention to
persons laboring under ChroDfo Nervoas affections,
and to disease peculiar to women, and recteve a liml-
lti nuinoeroi cases expecting conunement.
The Intention is to provide a Hoiae for such cases
with all the best bgienlc agencies combined with tlir
bent medical Rklll to be had In the metropolis.
consulting physician and surgeon ir. romp narvey.
Prof, of diseases of women ami children In the medical
department Willamette University.
Also ir. j. m. . Mrowne, rroi. 01 rnysioiogy meo
dep't. Willamette University.
ior any amount 01 references ana curuiar, adarem
MB. J. li. PIa.KIT'JV,
Onr. lt nn1 Wnahlntrton H., Portland. Or.
3. A WESCO, Penman at the
Portland Business College,
Received the premium g.ven by the
1'OKILAM) MECHANICS' FAIR,
For the best exhibit cf Plain Writing. Card Writing
Flourishing, Lettering and Pen Drawing. Tue
Portland Business College Journal,
Containing specimens of ornamental pen work, exe
cuted by Pn.f. Wesco. will be sent free to any address.
bend name on postal card. Address
A. P. AKMSTROSH.
tTtf
Iflck Bnx KM. Portland. Or
0)
z
LU
I
r--I
Ul
X
I
TJ
"V
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m
0)
(fi
roistxkxd
iI)Iiil
VIGOK HEALTH AND LIFE.
KEV EMBER, by PURIFYING your BLOOD
you Regulate the l iver aud Klilneys. cleanse the
stomach of all Morbid .Secretions, and enjoy that
great boon, Hood Health. No sufferer should fall to
give this popular remedy a trial. Get the GENUINE
and observe t lie Trade Marie. One Dollar per bottle
f or sale everywhere.
Nwiil'li aa 'in i in I
U t-STA V Jl A X T THK II EST IS THK C ITT
All M'Mlern Improvements. Open all day.
.!.. RRRVVRtt. Pmerirtr
S1000 IIJKW-AJRI
FOR ANYONE WIT.0 WILL LKARN
Kellogg At dtllaoa'n System of Dress
and Cloak Catting, and, with a corret meas
ure and perfect cutting, produce a bud fitting
garment. Several Improvement have Jur
been made. Agents to sell and teach wanted
in everv town. Good agents car. u.ake irom
f 10 to t2S per day. KELLOOO S i ILLSON,
Cheney, Spokane Co., W. T
HUDSON'S GUS STORE.
S First street, Portbaad, Oregon.
S UN a. PISTOL ASTD AMUVXJTIOA
Tlssilaa Tsaehws sf gM-r JPsjaertnttsMB.
USEROST3 TIT.T.S.
W. E Chamberlain Jr. ... Thos. A. Itobtnson.
Life Scholarship - ; -
SEND FOB URCTLAR
iiTISELL
10 000 Pianos
1.00C Organs.
t-mrt H;f. Buy
t Manofaetunrs
From . to ti.CnjO
Cnh, Rmtor
Inati limenta
CaUlatr.iw Fre,
AVTItELL
nr. '-'-;itf.(.w.1,1ri
It
LIQUID OR DRY, PBICB 1 Oft; ATMOSPHERIC
Insufflators," price We. Dry Cure and Insurrla
tors Dialled on rc-!tn of ortr, with full dtrwtion for
nsotc. !. G. SKIDMnHE Co., nmgfrbLs I3t Firsi
nreet. Potm"!. Mr ir fo- th N. PseirV
rior.t - " : "-"'' '
Write to Ce and rjlpe-.sarr.
UevelandVJ tor rampurei in
plain geaieu envel
ope, describing an
INSTRUMENT (worn
a itinMt fir tmrinir
i . . . . m "ell I .'."It '
Simole, Cheap, ft ever r aiu.
milK -WHITE." WE HAVE THIS DAY POLE
A our entire Interest In, and transferred the agency
of the White Pewtig Machine to Mr. John B. Garri
son. of 167 Third sir et. Portland. Or. Mr. Garrison
will hereafter supply the growing oemana r tnr
superior and popular sewing machine.
RTf L WAR.
liTvraa.l idaej diismaaa TatosrJ by Dim PMla.
s
KABCH 35. 187B.
mm. mi. mil. i t,.mmimmmmmw,i !..mmj. jwsiswi
$70
Id
SrKfiS
V SL HI' M
tatUmonlaU I
BF.Tr&K THIS HOLD,
CALIF0ENI A FRUIT SALT .
A Pleaiant and Efficacious Bemedy.
7"Sr
IF YOU HAVE ABUSED YOURSELF
By over Indulgence in eating or drinking; have sick
or nervous headache; dryness of the skin, with a
feverish tendency; night sweats and sleeplessness; by
all means use
Steven's California Fruit Salt.
And feel young once more. It Is the woman's friend.
Try It: si per lottle; 6 bottles for 5. For sale by all
druggists. KOIXJE. DAVIS A CO., wholesale Agents.
. R. K. QUKRN.
PERUVIAN
BITTERS.
it v
V
I '.
m
Ok
The Ftnt HITTERS In the WOULD.
THKY EFFECTUALLY CURE
MALARIAL DISEASES,
Vitalize the System mt nrrvat the rvnea o
the Dreadful Alcohol Habit,
JMPMOMAMA.
Aak jonr Itranrtat or Wine Merchant for
them.
WILUEBDI.e fc CO., Agents, Nun Fran'
Cisco.
y. J. VAX NCIItTVKB A CO- Portland.
Simittond's Kentucky Nabob
Bourbon Whiskey.
Of all the fiimmm productions of the Bine Dross Tito'
trU-t this Whisky I unexcelled for purity and llayor.
For family and medicinal purposes
Is notorious. It Is made from pure barley and wheat
spirit, and its various component part blended with
scientific accuracy.
The Best and Purest Brand in the Market.
TODD fe BITEX,
stole Agents for Portland. Unwns and the Ter
ritories, where the trade can be snpplied by the bar
rel, half barrel or case, at the same price and terms as
In Kentucky or Sun Francisco.
tUSZ
TEHCILS
SEALS
mtUiW, KXOKAVKK. . S Til
rOSTLLsYW? OB.
P. a Asa-
Ben. Selling,
H.E.1
laaerrerypasr. -'
ETKBI PAIR GUAR1STEEB.
JUST RECEIVED!
Direct from Tauter a Manufactories,
' $60,000 CONSIGNMENT
BOOTS AND SHOES,
Whlrh must b sold Id thirtv days regard U-sa of
cosi. - lee toe corsuu of L,-!i' sisse' ard
Wdren' Tretie Rid. Cnr Kid Pebble Goal,
Calfss in arid Call Foxed Fboe. In Pomp w,le.
UUbie 7sp sole i cork Hole. Also fall
line ol Oent and Bov B t and hoes In vsrloos
Hyies, t nt's'.ie for the Orvk-on Djarket,
New York1 Boot and Shoe House,
03 sTaNT M Rr.Kl-.
Mfm Yamhill nd j'ww "rj-'nd '")-
MEN AND WOMEN.
Boys and t'rls, anroe wh,, wantn liRbt. tfleasart em
ployment In which from to f 10 per day ran be maoe
will Mnd their tam and postoftk -e addrewi to us lm-
t dress. K H. iehalt A! t., No. W" Kmn street
roruaaa. wrssjua.
JaS" . "'' 1
W3aT? Off
v.K&rr i vmr m jam
JZTiii" "as. " jm
urr arr.
0 J g
ft M 2 ajiTr-" "-
i: i
CO 2 I
CO ! ! I
LU 13 I
OS 1
I S I
g I
to 'P
o r1
ca I
B UiatoorTJaoa Wait-, -XHJC BMBm
"l "
.
;fi
. "
1 .t
v 4
mi imnm.n "if a nir m-
Ail i li a ii a it il a.
sr jLitf-wiMiA1!. cp-
i 4Sm sr A 1
1 1
A,i i il a .1 a il .LaIT
jE3 aJUUCBS3QglJx
12 L'U LiuQElCHi DElIki
lilMi0B"lJq'v
3D CID Ol HE LH1 Lis, p
TiririrgTiircio'
WTl I.L.I JIX SanOKK BBBBsV Pfl ia- , "
VA.Ji rtllTVO MACIIINKHY.
TUB J. I. CASE PLOWS.
Venre the sole agents for Oregon and Washington Territory of tbe celebrated J. I. CASE PUtVWS,
" TK1 I'M Pll" fiKKDKitH and D KILLS, JStulebaker Furra and H)rt:iir AV'Haons, J. I. Case Traction Engines,
Portable Engines, Engines on skids, and single or double Saw Mil s. I nil and see us or write for Catalogues "
STAVEK & WALKEH, iTont Kt. foot of Salmon, Portland.
SPOILSMEN'S EMPORIUM.
WM. BECK &. SON
Importers and dealers in
GunSi Rifles, and Revolvers
KolS r"; Sinkers
Reels,
Lines,
Jb-ry- Floats.
dZg&P&r sturgeon
Lines,
Baskets,
Flies, &Sm Hooks ol
Leaders, -sgf4i,'w all kiwis.
PISHING TACKLE,
Braided and Tapered Oil Bilk lines.
Six Spliced Split Bamboo Rods;
Si) M0KK DYSl'JvllA.
BEST TOHIQ 1H USE.
Recommended by a!! Physiciars,
itest'l C llficnteH on bark of Bottle.
a Snre Cnr. Ut Indigestion. Loi-s of Appetite
tod the Btsv Liver f.eguiator knows.
SOLD ONLY IN GLASS.
To BP or sell any but tie (fenuine article out o
oar bottle is . felony, snd when detected, will bt
prosecuted to tbe fuil extent cf tbelsw
Trade supplied by Arpad Karaszthy &. Co.
330 Hashinglon St.. Nn ftmnrlnfm. Cat
DR. SPINNEY,
Ho. 11 Kssray streat. . F..
Vesta alt CaroaJe suisl peeJaJ Dl
YOUIIG MEN
TTTHO MAY BE BUFFERING FROM THE Ef
T fects of youthful follies or Indiscretion, will d.
well to avail themselves of this, the srreatest boot
ever laid at the altar of suffering humanity. DR
SPINNEY will guarantee to forfeit 50O for ver
ease of Seminal Weakness or private diseases of on
kind or character which he undertakes' and fails v
cure.
MIDDLE-A.OEI1 MO.
There are many at the ag of thin- to sixty wh
are troubled with too frequent evacuations of it,
bladder, often accompanied by a' slight siiisnirig o
bu rning sensation and a weakening of the vst?iu i
a manner the patient cannot account fur. On cxur.
Inlng the miliary deposits a ropy sediment will ofie
be found, and sometimes small particles of nioume
will appear, or the color will be of a thin milki- bu
again changing to a dark and torpd appenra.net .'
There are many men who die of this ciiffl.-citv. lg.it.
rant of the cause, whioh Is th second suu;e of Ci nv
oal Weakness. Dr. S. will guarruiteea perf'-ct cure i.
all such cases, and a healthy restoration of the genii
Miliary organs.
Office Hours 10 to 1 and S to S. Sundavs from 10 u
II A. M. Consultation free. Tborutigb esn:iifitKti
and advice. t.
Call or address H. SPIXSET CO.,
No. it trwi-Tiv
USE ROSE PIUS.
SEWING MACHINE
STORE 167 THIRD ST.
BKPATRnra sokb
ON SHORT NOTICE.
AH Leading
MACHINES
EEDLES,
OH
HALE.
THREAD,
ATTACHMESTS.ctc
rom tx
HOUSEHOLD & WHITE
D.J.rflfiURRETSCO.,.
missioilercliaiiti!
BpeglsJ attectioo ffveti to theaale of
Wheat, Oats, Floaty Wool & Dairy
Produce.
Ssad ior WXKKXY PRICES CUE KENT. znaCd
tree on application.
liberal Adt&nces on Coiutlnments.
ajLllgrjmTts and Orders Solicited. ,
41 BOHT T., POBTXAVO, B.
UfiEROiiE PILLS
futPZ 7
m.K mm.
0
'?
'7
ProiceCo
"1 THE ALBINA HOMESTEAD
, 'lis situated neit to AlbUta, aud
,t vrf Jhetween and fronting on both tfes
1 s iexteiifloii of Fourth, streew ta.st
IP'?, I Portland, and the Vancouver
, ',.4.. ttoa.1. AH thelotsln bloclcaSfsW
Jf ' " 'tweoty-foot allej-s tbrontrb the
locks. AlUneotberlotsareKn
, 1 : i'--vsv; 5100feet.Thestreetarewlde.and
i-l i liave all been cleared, while the
r"rSj L'ots are high and level and can
J" ' Javery easily cleared. '.
-S"- We now offer for sale for a short
J-i'J time a limited number of these
j 'fT&"3fiVl'n', n'1 blcks at reasdiiuble
--ii v---.v prices and on easv terms. ' ".
.'iziiZSf TIIE ALBIXA HOMESTEAD .
' ' i C "4 fa unquestiouably the beet 8eld
for Investment and the most de-
i v-jif ..... T slrahle place for location now in
""""'I!' iJthemarket, Its close proximity -'
.M . to the cities of fortlaiid and h ast
ilui'' v l t Portland, and to the hevv lm.
- - provetuencs now being carried '
fll oui oy tue various companies no-
J1'r lMe direction of Mr. Villard
Ktlie Ury Docks Elevators, Ma-"'
tiJt clnne Shops and other works of
t a also to the Alblna Ferrv.toeether
S . SHh ttie propued street Kail-':
ZiTtm't.i'Xv, 2 Portland, will make this property
. 1Lvi?,A- J? ivory accessible fruiirvll partaot :
. . ... . ..w-,'.. b.H, iruin i. KLreeL jerrv. in L uui
i,; . l K 4 j these cities. These advantages
4will necessarily attract a lanje
VSVj-VIV f population, and In the oieantiaie
l TsVVU, ViUmaU this tne most popular and
mW.'s?-- aluume suburban property
property lu
this vicinity, while in the near
.future it niust furnish homes for
the rauutiy increasing; population '
if Albiua, and then lu value will
"V . L iram nr. n i, tj
now oiler It for. We- will show -
.... ... i ..... .. . .r. .... . . .
illie property aud give full Infor
mation to all who may amlv ta
.us personally, and itiuulrias ad-.
(dressed to us by audi will receive
iproaipt aiieitcioii.
k.j. HAiuit rtft uu.t Keai K8--
I line n$vHi.,, u. Aufrmuo sireei,
and LUWNSDALK & CO.. Heal -
.Kstate AKetus, 6 WasLUngtou at.
.tfft,eogn.ira
ThelBlUUl'JI kUULlWaaa HKII.IV9.-
A CERTIFICATK OF MEMBERSHIP . 7
FOE '
TWO TSOtTSAND DOLLARS
- IN THE- ,.(;;;, ,.
Universal Benevolent As&'ni
of CaHrorni" foT TTrjmsrrled Persons increases at
tbe rate of $20 ncr month the Urrt year. $43 ths
second year, $3u xht third year and $TO the
ionrth y?ar. ror further particulars eud terms
send for a tony of tur new psiwr, "The Ideo
graphic." whi'h will be sent ftee. EUBLa
LIV'K GENTd WaNTRD in every town'aud
county In Oregon and Washington Ter. enjlkfo?
u-rioe at once to W. WHITKWELL, Qen'l Agt; Ore
gon and va-hingion Territory. Boom 4& Vjoa
'loi.k Portland or.
. 1 . I j;
a50. 32 Years Practical Experience. 1882.'
John A. Child
DBUQQIST,
Dealer In .
Cl. lWlU
Pppfilmnrv.
J '
Toilet Articles, u
Sponges, Soaps,
&. Rubber LBOds.
Ccr Morrison k 2d tta
Portland, Or, .
Ppecial sttenUon
pa d to orders by
tnall when -aoewn-
' srr
$1000 liEWAllD
TTITILIj BE PAID TO ANY PEBSOS PROD0O-
V ing a more effectual remedy than
Dr. Keek's Sure Cure for Catarrh, !
Which has stood the teat for fourteen years. Physi
cians, Druggists, and all who have used and thor
oughly tested it, pronounce it aycelfle for the cure ot
that loathsome tusoaaa. irrw u roar arugeist has
it, price ft.
ut. J
Keck thoroughly understands, and ia eminently
successful in toe treatment oi ail carostie aou aim
cult diseases of amtb sexea and sill sigea, having
made a specialty of their treatment for fourteen years
He treats Casissas without asms; the knife, HJ favor
ite prescription la turn lab ed lo lady patients Free.
No lady should be without It. Young, middle-aged or
old, male or female, insanity or a life of suffering Is
your Inevitable doom unless yon apply in time to the
physician who understands, and Is.cpirjpetent to treat
your case. Waste no more time nor money with In
competent physicians. All communications attended
to with dispatch, and are strictly confidential, tfedi-
rir.es sent to any pan oi tne country, urcuiant, tesu
ruoniala, and a list of printed questions furnished on.
application. uiasti,iaiiu.i rstaK, xncmee
a three-cent stamp for list and add res DR JAHS
SKCK.No. 135 First street, Portland. Or.
This great M treag tak
en! ng KesBody auaat
Xtm Toalc la the 1.
gitimate result of over 2a
years oi practicai experi
ence, and CURKS WITH
UN FAILING CERTAIN
TY. Nervous and Vbysl-
r-al Debility, Seminal
Weakness, Spermator
rhoea, Prostatorrheam
misrdons, I m potency, Kz
hausted Vitality, Prema
ture Decline and JLOM
OP HANHOOO, from
whatever cause produced.
It enriches and purines the blood. Strengthens the
Nerves, Brain. Muscles, Digestion. Reproductive Or
gans, and ! Physical and Mental Faculties. It
stops any unnatural debilitating drain upon
tbe system, preventing involuntary losses, de
bilitating dreams, seminal losses with the mine,
etc., so destructive to mind and body. It ia
a sure eliminator of all KIDNEY AND BLADDKR
COMPLAINTS. IT CONTAINS NO INJURIOUM
INGREDIENT. To those saaTerlas; frosa the ef.
feet of ysiathfal ladtacretlasw mp eaerasea, a
peedy. thoraoarh ana permanent la
Bl'AUAN'TEKP. Price, 60 perbottle.or Ave
bottles in case with full directions and advice, f 1 0.
Sent secure from observation to any address upon re
ceipt cf price, or C. O. D. To be had only of t
Dr. C, n. Salfleld, 1 Kearny street,
San Francisco, Cal. Consultations fetrlctly conndea
tlnl, by letter or at office, FRKK. For the convenience '
of patients, and In order to secure perfect secrecy, I
have adopted a private address, under which all pack
ages are forwarded. '
TltlAI, BOTTI.r. rRUE. r
Sufficient to sh w its merit, will be sent to any one
applying by letter, stating his symptoms aud age
Communications strictly confidential.
william collier,
maoiiiitist;
Dealer ta Slew and ; ,t-
SECOND IIAM XAIHIXEBY,.
8 Madlaon HU, Fortland, Or.
Parties Aeatrlntt Hollers. Knurl nea ar jT'W
MILL MAt lll.VKKY ss Miire, . .
' by atldrelnn Mr. .'oilier.
New and Second Hand Machine!
ought and wM artrailMl asrsais.
ZEPHYR WOOL
HERMAN AND W RMA NTOWSf WOOU KNJT
INtS AND F.MHROIDKKINO HILK, CAN
VASSES. FKLIS. all kinds .f Fancy work.
ADIKS" L'N'DKWV'ER. MISSE.1' AND CHIL
UJl. .V's l'MF.KWKAR.
FAr (DHPure wardiores,
' :h PlKCKS-f2T C0. PIrXE.H-27 00'
165 Third Street, Portland, Or.
T. O. Bog m
y7 trnsetc,tt has
W ' . f and won.
"Vvsr'CV eenti per box,
SEE ME, Jl
mnorVLKiFi ivm
MBJi
IHLUUWIAIUIII
; ' ''' y V"'i