mil J PENDENT . . . A L5 ISSUED Saturday Siornlnssi BY- ' JOHN W. KELLY,, Publisher. nn Vb t 1 U uhA 9 ttn . no . 1 ou ptx 51nt lis, Vhrc HoiiiIm Independent in all Things ; Neutral in Nothing." These ire the form for those paylnu In advance. The Im.epkkdilNT ofTViw fine Induoemenis to ad vertisers, Tetmi reasonable. VOL. C. ROSEBURG, OREGON, SATURDAY, MARCH 4, 1882. NO. 47. THE MB LFUI "S;,. .,., . i; 'tt v - . PRACTICAL WATCHMAKER. JEWELER, AND OPTICIAN. ALL WORKWARRAfJTED. Dealer la WafcfeN. dork. Jewell y, Spectacles . d feeias-ii, And a Full Line cf Cigars, To&acoos and Fancy' Goorfs. The only reliable Optometer in town for the "proptradjtutnieatbf Ppeeuu-lee; always on hau.l. Depot of the Genuine Brazilian Pebble Spec tacles and Eyeglasses, f OFFICE first door south of postoffice. Rose burg. Orwron. FslAHOftSY'S SALOON Jfearest to the Railrotd Depot, Oakland Jnis. 3aIioney, Prop'r. The finest of wines, liquors and cigars inDoaf; It county, and the beat , . . in the State kept is proper repairs fartiei traveling on the railroad will find thto ,' place very handy to visit during the atop- ping of the train at the Oak- land, Depot. Give me aeall. Jas. MAriONEY. JOHN FRASER, Home Made Furniture, WILBUR, OREOOJf. Upholstery, Spring Mattrasses, Etc. Constantly on band. rilRNITIIRP 1 ht thkft stock, o I Ullltl I lIlk.. lurniture son th of Portland And all of my own manufacture. No two Prices to Customers Residents of Douglas county are requested to give me a call before pun basing elsewhere. m ALL WORK WARRANTED.- DEPOT HOTEL- AAKLAND, - - OREUOH. Richard Thomas, Prop'r. 'PHIS HOTKL. II A3 BEEN ESTABLISHED for a number of year, ami bas become very popular vitb tbe traveling public. Kirst-claaa SLCtPINC ACCOMMODATIONS. - And the table supplied with tbe best tbe market afford. Ill-1 ut tlie depot of the Itailnitid. Furniture Store ! JOHN GILDEUHLEVE HAVING PURCHASED THE FTJRXf ture Establishment of John Lrbnlierr, is Eow pre paired to do any work in the UPHOLSTERING LINE. He is also prepared to furnish - In all styles', of the lt manufacture, and cheaper than tbe cheapest. His Clifilrw, TnlIis, IJtircauN, IJel(tonl, WuxhHtnnds, ETC ETC.. liTTC. Are o superior make, and for low cost ennnot be equal led in the State. The Finest of Spring Beds . And the Most. Complete Fofas Always on hnnd. Everything in ;ne line fur nished, of the bestquality.on tlieshortcst notice and at the lowest rates. COFFINS MADE AND TRIMMED. And orders filled cheaper and better than can ' any other establishment. Desiring a share of public patronage, the iin i jersigned promises to offer extra inducements to all potions, uivo ire a trial. JOHN GILDEttSLEVE. H. C. STAMTON, . . Dealer iu ; Staple Dry Coodsl Keeps constantly on hand a general nssort . irient of EXTRA FINE GROCERIES, WOOD, WILLOW AND ULA8SWARF, ' ... . also - Crockery and Cordage ...... A full stock or MCIIOOL BOO M Eucfa 9 required by the Fublic County Schools All kind of STATIONERY. TOYS ami - , FANCY ARTICLKS To suit both Young and Old. OtJVS A JfD SELLS LEGAL TENDERS t urn Junes Chcckfi on Portland, and procures .units on Ban t ranciseo. SEEDS !-t iorSEEDS ! ALL mi)$ (IF HUM QU4L11Y ALL ORDERS - i- Froinptly attended to and Goods shipped ' , with care. Address, 1 t Hachenry & Ben, IVirthrnd.' Oretron Hot Ice, Notice to hereby v, to whom It .uy concern, Unt thu uDlera)rnel has been awariitd the contract (or wiping th Doughta county Pauper fr the period ot 3trn years. AU persons in need of uwintince imm raid cou&ty must first procure a certificate to that effect 'kam any member of th County Board, and prevent it tut one el th following named pereoua, who are author to, and will care for thuee imwentiDfc auch certificate: Vt. U.itaUeOfRoaeburg ; L. JL Kellotqr, Oakland ; Mm, trow, Ixxiktnff Olaaa. Dr. Scroti-? Is authorized to nU:! nwiiicul aid to alt persons in luml of tbe some a a he beta cuvtarud paupers of loutas county. ,WM. B. CI.ARKK, laupt. of foor. Cvaa, Or.. rh, 1$, lee LATEST NEWS SUMMARY. BY TEI,E APII TO DATE. Hill, MacMaster & I Plant, merchants, of Mancliester, Lave failed. Liabilities 70,000. MacMaster bas absconded. The weekly statement of the bank of France shows an increase of 06,000,000 francs in gold and 4,300,000 franca in sil ver.: ! ' '; The house committee on naval affairs iaa agreed to recommend an immediate appropriation of $10,000,000 to begin tbe construction of a new navy. M.Ronzand, Mmle. tfilsson's husband, who became insane during the excitement attending the recent financial crisis, died at Paris on the 22J in the asylum. The naval committee have agreed on a favorable report on the nomination of Theodore Nelson of New York for chief of the bureau of naval construction. The treasury will have S33.000.000 to disburse during the first half of March on account of interest, unless it antici pates payment during the present month. Dispatches indicate that Washington's birthday was generally observed through out the country. The boards of trade closed and in a number of places suitable ceremonies were held. Senator Bayard has offered a substitute for the bill to retire Grant, providing a pension for all ex-presidents equal an nually to one-fourth the amount of his annual pay while president. The Presbyterian church at Chicago appointed a committee to confer with other denominations with a view of clos ing theaters on Snnday and putting a stop to indecent performances. Considerable surprise is felt in Berlin that no successor has been appointed to Minister White, and it ts said Bismarck will retaliate by postponing indefinitely the appointment of a successor to Herr Von Schlozer. Officers of the steamer Dean Adams arrived at Memphis and report a break in the levee at Mound Place, isolivar countv. Miss., which inundates a large area of country, will destroy many cattle and other stock. It is rumored that the nomination for supreme court judge will be made soon, and that it will be a New York man. It is said that the president had for some time decided to nominate Senator Ed munds, but that the pressure from New York has been so great he cannot resist it. Herald's London: Wreckage contin ues to wash ashore on the Irish coast from ! the City of London, which was posted at Lloyds on February 1st as miss ing, i uur ivuKee . correspondent tele graphs that the cover of a signal locker marked "City of London," has been picked up off Dunkineely. An attachment has been issued at the instance of Thomas Reynolds of London, against the Indianapolis and Evansviile railroad, to recover 76,250, claimed on contract for steel rails. There i3 in the customhouse here property valued at $140,000, with unpaid customs of $00, 000, and the attachment was laid in the hands of the Baltimore and Ohio Rail road Co., said to hold the bills of lading. One provision of land grant charters is that railroads mnst pay the cost of surveying lands. Companies hold lands throughout the west which they have not surveyed and patented and the courts have held that the state connot tax these lands 'because the United States still holds an interest in equity in them by reason of the fact that under the condi tions imposed by the grant the lands might revert to the government, through failure of the railroads to comply with these conditions. , It is claimed that the railroads leave lands unpatented to avoid taxation and Van Wyck's bill releases and quit claims to any state that proceeds against tnese lands tor collection oi taxes, all interest in equity of the general Kovernment. It is thought that this will encourage the state to collect these taxes. A published statement of the amounts allowed by committee to audit the ex penses and burial of President Garfield to attending surgeons is pronounced in correct by a member of the committee. The amounts allowed are as follows: Bliss. $25,000; Agnew and Hamilton, 815,000 each; Reyburn and Boynton, $10,000; Mrs. Edson, $5,000; Steward Crump, $3,00U; and to other employes of the executive mansion two months extra pay. The committee recommended the appointment of Barnes to be major general, . and his retirement on that ground, and promotion of Woodward to be lieutenant colonel. The committee has also agreed to grant Mrs. Garfield the remainder of her husband'B salary for the current year. Springer and Blackburn, in a minority report, opposed most of the items. . A Washington special to the Graphic says:: A vigorous crusade against the liquor traffic will surely be inaugurated by 8enator Logan, who has carfully pre pared a speech favoring the bill which provided that all revenues of the govern ment hereafter derived from the tax on the manufacturer-find Bale of distilled spirits shall be divided among the states and territories in propartion to their pop ulation, exclusively for educational pur noses. Lo&ran will oppose both reduc tion and repeal of internal revenue taxes, but urge most energetically that the pro ceada of manufacture and sale of liquor ha devoted to bearing the expenses of the great system of free schools, and thus relieve the people of that burden. He has been gathering statistics on the sub- iVct and savs thev show that the expense of carrying on the educational system of the states and territories does, not exceed $75,000,000, which is just the same as it is estimated will be received from the At no limior durinor the present fiscal year.; Tranquilana Luna, delegate from New Mexico to congress, is now in oew He told a reporter that Americans gener nllv believe that Spanish Mexicans are i very ignorant and degraded race of peo- nln ! This is a mistake. People come ilnvn tn New Mexico and stay for per haps 20 days, traveling about from place to place and of course they are not ad mitted into our best society. Yon could not exnect that thev would be, and the consequence is they only see our roughest and worst people, and tney go noma ana write about the degradation oi .Mexican Our best families are lntelJigent and re fined, and. as becomes a true Spaniard rinsnit.ibli" Then about education, the territory baa appropriated one-fourth of the taxes of each county to be used in Rnrvnnrt nf nnblie schools, and VOU can see, as the population increases, this wili be a most generous provision. In regard to buildings there is an advance also. ! The old style was the adobe, now briefe factories are beinsr built and stone riTiarriaa tem'.loeua opened and many Knii.i.-nms n Uvintr ami nhmifl are com I? up ViAOMTift to bm tnat cv, r.,t i-cot, t;mA with the march of progress. , Herman Balzen & Bro., of New York, have assigned. Liabilities, $105,000. - Corhill, editor of the Lienster Leader, has been arrested under the coercion act. A dispatch says there is no doubt of Conkling's appointment being reported favorably. gBThe appointment of M. Roustan, as minister to Washington from France has been gazetted. ; " Good harvest returns are reported, and large shipments will be made from Australia ta England. Rose Eytinge has applied for a divorce from her hnsbtnd, Geo. H. Butler, on the ground of adultery. Grand preparations were made for the Garfield memorial services, which were held at Washington on the 27th. Two Mormon emissaries, Barton and Easton, have been preaching in two Ohio villages, and have DO converts. It is now said that the land committee of the hoise of lords cannot arrive at any useful conclusion. A bill has passed the chamber of deputies prolonging the present commer cial treaty with England until May 15th. The Washington Post says that Gar field intended to appoint Conkling to the supreme bench. Doubtful. Judge Charles Mason, an old and prominent citizen of Burlington, Iowa, died recently. The Virginia general assembly has elected the five judges of the supreme court of appeals nominated by the read justee. Ex -District Attorney Murphy, of San Francisco, will probably recover from the effects of his wound reoeived by a would-be assasin. Capt. Hall, of Burlington, Iowa, has beon appointed inspector of tie office of delivery service by First Assistant Ppst-master-General Hattou. The Southern Pacific and other roads extending west have come to a satisfac tory arrangement and made a combina tion of their interests. Hargrave's cotton mill at PatricrofC Lancashire, burned on the 25th, with a loss of 50,000. Five hundred hands arethrown Out of employment. v A Belgian, who landed at Castle Gar den on Saturday, has a pair of horns an iuch long protruding from his forehead and seems proud of his peculiarity. The St. Paul and Grand Forks rail road company has been incorporated.the road to extend from St. Paul to Grand Forks, Dakota, tapping the great wheat fields of that territory. At the needle factory of Crabb & Co., at Newark, recently, Adam Leet, a boy 13 years of age, was passing a coil of wire through when the wire broke, cut ting the boy in two. A Vicksburg dispatch says that the steamboat Bessie Claybourne has been burned with her oanro of cotton aud cot ton seed. i-ioss iyu,uuu. una negro man and three children were drowned. , The senate has confirmed ' Bruno Tzschuk, ; of Nebrf ska, consul at Vera Cruz; Thomas Wilson, of the District of Columbia, at Nanlea; Theo. D. Wilson, of New York, chief of construction and repair in the navy. It is understood the cabinet has changed tho Gladstone press resolution declaring an inquiry into the workings of the land act would be injurious to the workings of good govarnment in Ireland. Preparations for the hanging of Eskit- sha, Dandy Jim and Dead Shot.the three Indian scouts who revolted at Cibicu. are completed at Fort Grant. The execu tion is fixed for Friday next. Robert H. Pruyn, minister to Japan under President Lincoln, died suddenly at Albany. Jf.. X. on the 27th. Mr. Pruyn at the time of his death was presi dent of the National Commercial bank and Dudley observatory." Tifiany, ot the San Carlos agency, tele graphs the Indian Bureau that Indians at that agency are uneasy and excited in connection witn tne approaching execu tion of tae three condemned Indian scouts, fixed for the 3d of March. House committee on militia have agreed upon a bill to amend the military law in accordance with petitions of the National Guard to increase the annual appropriation to $1,000,000 and disburse it to the States in proportion to the num ber of militia they maintain. A gang of roughs at Omaha recently attempted to destroy the office of the In dependent. The editor declares the attack was instituted by a member of the town board, ?hose conduct has been criticised by the paper. A majority of citizens sustain the paper. Secretary Hunt Has received a cable from Hoffman at St. Petersburg as fol lows: Your orders of January 15th have reached Melville. He answers as fol lows: On the road to the Arctic ocean January 31st. Telegram of January lGth received. ; Am now on my way to Arctic ooean. people will be found. A Richmond '-WliKpatch of recent date says that last night the western-bound pay tram on tbe Richmond and Albany rauroaj was ttitcuea by a land slide. The engine, tender and pay car rolled into the river, and the train was badly wrecked. David McMinn, paymaster's cierK, was Killed, and nve others injured Jame B. Mantrope was in the Toombs police court of New York charged with disposing of $?3,000 worth of bonds "of the Peruvian company belonging' to Peter Vavener, and appropriating the money. Manthrope says his arrest is conspiracy to prevent him bringing charges against certain persons largely interested in tin 1'eruviiin scheme. Mr. Bradlaugh's expulsion is now ad mitted to have been a mistake. ' It was due to Bradlaugh skillfully but un scrupulously playiug on and exasperat ing the house of commons' feeling. Not securing what the house previously. re fused, he has made a fresh appeal to his constituency. Nobody defends Brad laugh's surreptitious oath making, but manv doubt whether the house has not cot the worst of this discreditable con test. There is a strong popular feeling that Mr. Bradlao gU has not had fair play in being expelled unheard. A dispatch from Mineral Park, A. T savs: At Hackenbnry, thirty-one miles from this town, 3 O.. Weldon, a desper ate character, ottv the 20th, shot and killed citizen by the name of . John Rnllock. ! Citizens rushed to the scene and opened fire on Weldon, which lie re turned, siignuy wounding Indian Agent Charles' Spencer. Weldoa , was shot through the breast, and after hia pisto was emptied ne surrendered, lie was held in custody till the ni?ht of the 21st when a party of 15 men took him out and hung him to the beam of a blacksmith shop, v Weldoa declared publicly a short time ago that he was glad Guiteau had killed Garfield. - Bufla'o BUI. Lanesboro, Minn., Aug. 22. Mr.Wm. ! . Cody, the most noted plainsman and guide now living and so well known throughout the country as Buffalo Bill, has been the guest of his friend and for mer companion, Dr. 1. Jb . Powell of this place, for tha past few days; and finding much of interest in the life that is a part of the unwritten history of tho plains, your correspondent could not be bo un enterprising as not to apply the reporto rial pump for the benefit of the Pioneer Press readers. Buffalo Bill is a native of our sister I State of Iowa. His father was one of the pioneers of the Hawkeye territory, set tling in Scott county in the decade of 0. Bill was born in February, loli, while Iowa was still a territory ,ud livd to see the great empire east of the Mis- i 0 ii i . Bisoipjn nver emerge irom tue snawow oi western wilds and the possession of un civilized men and take its place in the front rauksof civilization. It is a wonder ful transformation to be witnessed in a single lifetime. The it on horse was in the incipiency of his wondrous career. and the telegraph that to-day girdles the globe, was farst put into operation during the year in which the "king of border men" was born, and these civilizing agencies have changed the scenes of his boyhood from the wildest pictures of ro mance to a land teeming with flourishing cities and the attending results of culture and progressive influences. In 1850 the father of Buffalo Bill re moved to Missouri; but the political at mosphere was not congenial to him, and he remained but a short time in that State, finally casting his lot in the new territory of Kansas, where he served the government as an agent for the Kicka poo Indians. During the desperate struggle that sprang up in the early set tlement cf Kansas, between the pro and anti-slavery men, the father of our noted plainsman was outspoken against slavery and, like many others during the well remembered rufiian reign of terror, was murdered because he would not yield to the pro-slavery sentiment that found merciless advocates. Not only was Ii9 made a martyr to the cause of freedom, but much of the limited property left to his almost helpless family was confis cated, or, more properly, stolen. Noth ing was more plain to young Cody than that be must rely upon his own resources. Not only this, but that he had a mother and two sisters who were deprived of tho strong arm of protection in the mur der of his father. In 1855, while but 11 years old, he made his first trip across the plains in the capacity of teamster. This was a herculean undertaking for a youth of his years, but grit,. a familarity with the reins and a "woodchnck case nerved him to success, and he remained for a number of years in the employ of the firm for whom he made his first trip. In the en? ploy of another firm he was second man to cross the great plains in charge of the famous pony express. Hii summers were spent in hard service on the plains and his winters in trapping on the streams of that country. ' In com pany with about thirty young Kaueans he subseqnenently belonged to . an organization known as the Red-Legged Scouts, Capt. Cleveland commanding, which avenged the wrongs inflicted by the murder' of anti-slavery settlers of Kansas. In 1802 3 he engaged to the government as a guide, leading a party up the Arkansas river. In 1864-5 he was engaged as a scout in Mis souri by tiens. McWeal, Pleasanton and Blunt, respectfully. In the spring of 18G6 he took a serious and sensible view of life, and married a St. Louis lady, removing to Leavenworth. Kansas, where he engaged in the occupa tion oi hotel Keeping, tne name of bis house being the Golden Rule; "but," as he expressed it, "it was a rule that didn't work both ways, and he lumped the business, and accepted an offer from the government to go to old Fort Fletcher, (now Fort Hayes,) in the capacity of a scout. During the summer of the fol lowing year he was engaged by General Custer as a scout and guide, and during the autumn as post scout at Fort Hayes. He was no less noted for his inarksman sbip than for his ability as an Indian hun ter and path finder of the plains, and during the construction of the Kansas Pacific Railroad, in 1808, was employed by the chief contractors to supply the constructionists with buffalo meat. This was a task. in which he engaged with great pleasure, killing from fifteen to thirty-five animals per day, and thus sup plying one of the substantial articles of diet for upwards of a thousand men. So successfully did he fulfill the require ments of the various camps that the workmen gave him the ever-to-be-worn appellation of Buffalo Bill. In the fall of 1868 Gen. Sheridan took command of the department of the Platte, with headquarters at Fort Hayes. The Indians were very troublesome, and the general found it dimcult to obtain men to carry dispatches to the different posts. ' In fact he made an offer on one occasion of $1,000 to the man who would successfully deliver at Fort Dodge, nine ty-live miles distant, an important dis- paieh. Cody, hearing o! the offer, re ported at the general s headquarters and tendered his services, which were ac cepted, tbe duty successfully performed and the money paid. For this service lien, oheridan appointed Buffalo Bill his chief of scouts. In I860 he officiated as chief of scouts for Gen. Carr in the Can adian river country. He was subse quently transferred to the department of the Platte, headquarters at Fort Mc pherson, Neb., he acting as chief of scouts in this department for four years. During this period he participated in fifty-two Indian engagements. In 1872 he was appointed by Gen. General Sher idan as guide for tliettraml Tti1m Alfiiia in his famous buffalo hunt, and not until after this, service was he ever past the Mississippi river. James Gor don Bennett, the Jeromes, J. G. Hexer, Stager and others, who made the ovijuiuuuiuce oi uody while on an extensive buffalo hunt in the. fail of 1871 formed an attachment for him and pressed him to visit the city of New York w mcu gumi. . . iae invitation was ac cepted when opportunity offered and the entertainment was as royal in Gotham as it had been wild and exciting on 4he plains. Previous to this visit Ned Bunt- ime, the well known novelist, had writ ten Cody up in a serial for a New York Btory paper. T:he story was dramatized and put oa the boards as Buffalo Bill, tbe King of Border Men, and on this visit to our chief city. Cod v attended a theater and witnessed the play in which. anotner man personated himself, to the amusement and chagrin, of our plains man. ine piay was a great success nancially, and the'mahager offered Cody uuu per ween. .so go on tlie Stage ana taice ms own part. This was temptation hard to withstand; but while tho salary as chief 'of scouts was only $150 per month. Uncle Sam was noted aa a good paymaster, and the fiat- tering offer was declined. At the end of his forty-day leave of absence Buffalo Bill returned to the plains, resumed his duties and followed the trail during the succeeding summer. But he was pressed by Ned Buntline and others to go upon the stage, and finally did so, making bis debut in Chicago in the winter of 73. In the summer of '74 he guided the Big Horn expedition, terminating his ser vices for the season in the Wind River mountains. At the general uprising of the Sioux in '70 Gen. Crook selected Cody as his chief of scouts. The season was one of many' thrilling adventures, among which was a mortal combat be tween Bill and Yellow Hand, a trouble some chief of a marrauding Cheyenne band, Cody being the victor and present ing Gen. Custer with the scalp of the of fending savage. Gens. Crook and Terry consolidated their commands oa the Rosebud river, and the trail of Sitting Bull was followed by the allied forces nntil the Indians separated, the better to elude their pursuers. The command put in at tho mouth of Powder river for supplies. Here Geh. Crook returned with his command to the head quarters of his department, Gen. Terry pushing northward towards Fort Peck. Cody joining Gen. Terry on the return of Crook. The campaign against Sitting Bull having terminated for the season, Cody formed a dramatic company of na tive savages, with a drama of the late war. and spent a season of eight months in the eastern cities. The startling events of the year preceding his appear ance upon the stage with his native troupe, gave great impetus to the suc cess of his undertaking; and in the eight months he cleared a handsome fortune. The season over, he returned to his home on the plains (North Platte, Neb.,) and in company with Maj. Frank North, chief of the Pawnee scouts, started a large cattle ranch, in which he still retains his interest. Buffalo Bill is a man of marked char acteristics, and, although he would at tract attention among a thousand men, he is unobtrusive and quite reserved ; yet, on acquaintance, is an affable con versationalist and a man of good solid sense. He is a keen, constant, quiet ob server, and measures people at sight, al though his opinions are generally re served, except those that betoken a kindly nature. He is a man of fine phys ique, standing six feet and two inches in height, and weighing 210 pounds. His hair is long and black, and falls in long, well kempt waves, and not unbecomingly upon his broad Bhoulders. He wears a heavy mustache and goatee, otherwise his face is clean-shaven and the picture of good health and contentment. His border life has 4 not alienated him from society, or rendered him rest less among progressive and refined people. ; On" the contrary, he en tertains as gracefully as a girl, and lives on the sunny side of life enjoying the humorous, and waiting upon the serious : with cool deliberation and a judgment that. has.,, always served him successfully. His apparel, aside from tke characteristic sombrero, is not strikingly different from that ordinarily worn by citizens who consult good taste and comfort. Some of his feats of ' markmanship here, for the amusement of a few curious observers, were simply thrilling. For instance, a lady placed a potato on her head, which he blew to atoms at ten paces with his trusty rifle. Dr. Powell held a silver half dollar between his thumb and finger and permitted Cody to drive a bullet through it at the distance above named. Mr. Geo. E. Powell al lowed him to shoot the ashes from his cigar, while smoking it, at ten paces., Upon the confidence of these people T will not animadvert; but Bill did the shooting so unerringjy and gracefully that his auditors were spell-bound. Gouy leaves to-day for Davenport, lo., at which place he opens his dramatic season, taking with him from Lanesboro a character little less noted than himself, in the person of Dr. D. F. Powell, a man hicrhly educated and master of his pro fession, both physician and surgeon, and a t'amsman of no mean note. Powell is an admiring friend of the Indian, speak ing the language of the Sioux fluently, and that of the Winnebagoes quite as well. He was a few years ago chosen by the latter nation as its medicine chief, and is well known among the Indians as White Beaver. He is a man upon whom nature has lavished her gifts, intellectu ally, physically and socially. While in the service of the government as pnst surgeon in the department of the Platte, he made the acquaintance of Buffalo Bill, and they have ever ' remained fast friends. The strikingly resemble each other in general appearance, and it is perhaps fitting that they join fortunes upon the stage. U. G. W Weak iu'gs. Every one knows that physical exer cise invigorates the muscular system; that the constant action, within limits.of any muscle enlarges and strengthens , that cuscle It is the working of the same law that gives fullness and vigor to the blacksmith's arm. This law is physi ologicaily universal, and therefore ap plies to the lungs. ; The one worn oi tne lungs is to innate and exhale air; and this depends on the alternate expansion and contraction of the chest. Now, some persons are born with thin, narrow chests. The lrJngs of these persons are generally weak, and easily become diseased, because seldom brought into full vigorous action. The employments of other people students, tailors, seamstresses, shoe makers, etc.- are such as do not call out the full actions of . the lungs. In some cases they interfere with it. If such persons are troubled with general weakness, have diiHeuUy of breathing after exercise, and dull pains in the sides, the lungs should be looked aiter, although there may still be no organic disease What is needed is to strengthen them not by medicine- but by their own roper,- action. The Medical and Sargical Reporter givea-an account of a young student whose pul monary .symptoms of weakness were wholly overcome. It was. done by his simply breathing through a . sniallHube the size of a quill, a dozen times every three or, four hours each : day. Every third respiration he withdrew the tube, wb'dn the lungs were thoroughly filled, and held, -liia breath as long as he could wit! out distress. Keeping this up dur ing his "student life, lie acquired the abil ty to enlarge his chest five inches by an inspiration, and to hold his breath wit Iron t distress f nil minute. -- Ii is our belief th&P. the same thing may be; accomplished, by breathing as above through a single nostril, closing the" other with the .finger Youth's Companion. - ' Tn indira religion we", must have it- not stare at it from the bottom of a seem- Lingly interminable ladder. A Steam Chair. I don't like Mr. Travers as much aa I did. Of course I know he's a very nice man, and he's going to be my brother when he marries Sue, and he used to bring me candy sometimes, but he isn't what he used to be. . One time that was last summer he was always dreadfully anxious to hear from the poBtoffice, and whenever he came to see Sue, and he and she and I would be sitting on tho front 'piazza, he would say: "Jimmy, I think there must be a letter for me; I'll give you ten cents if you'll go down to the postoffice;" and then Sue would say: "Don't run, Jimmy; you'll get heart disease if you do;" and -I'd walk 'way down to the postoffice, which is pretty near half a mile from our house. But now he doesn't Beem to care anything about his letters; and he and Sue sit in the back parlor, and mother says I , musn't go in and disturb them; and I don't get any more ten cents. I've learned that it won't do to fix your affections on human beings, for even the best of men won't keep on giving you ten cents forever. And it wasn't fair for Mr. Travers to get angry wiih me the other night, when it was all an accident -at least most all of it; and I don't - think it's manly for a man to stand by and see a sister shake a fellow that isn't half her sizo, aud especially when he never supposed that anything was going to happen to her even if it did break. : When Aur.t Eliza came to our house the last time, she brought a steam chair; that's what she called it, though there wasn't any steam about it. She brought it from Europe with her, and it was the queerest sort of chair, that would all loid up, and had a kind of footstool to it, so that you put your legs out and just lie down in it. Well, one day it got broken. The back of the seat fell down, and shut Aunt Elizaf up in the chair so that she couldn't get out, and didn't she just howl till somebody came and helped her! She was so angry that she said she never wanted to see that chair again, "And you may have it if you want it, Jimmy, for yon are a good boy sometimes when you want to be." So I took the chair and mended it. The folks laughed at me, and said I couldn't mend it to save my life; but I got some nails and some mucilage, and mended it elegantly. Then motliar let me get some varnish, and I varnished tho chair, and when it was done it looked so nice that Sue said we'd keep it in the back parlor. Now I'm never allowed to sit in the back parlor, so what good would my chair do me? But Sue said, "Stuff and nonsense. That boy's in dulged now till he can't rest." So they put my chair in the back parlor, just as if I'd been mending it for Mr. Travers. I didn't say anything about it; but after it was in the back parlor I took out one or two screws that I thought were not needed to hold it together, aud tided them for a boat that I was making.- r That night Mr. Travers came as usual, and after he hail talked to mother awhile about the weather, and he and father had agreed that it was a shame that other folks hadn't given more money to the Michigan sufferers, and that theywere not quite sure that the sufferers were a worthy object, and that a good deal of barm was done by giving money to all sorts of people, Sue said: , "Perhaps we had better go into the back parlor; it is cooler there, and we won't disturb father, who wants to think about something." So she and Mr. Travers went into the back parlor, and shut the door, and talked very loud at first about a whole lot of things, and then quieted down, as they always did. I was in the front parlor, reading Rob inson Crnsoe, and wishing I could do likewise like Crusoe, I mean; for I wouldn't go and sit in a back parlor with a girl, like Mr. Travers, not if you were to pay me for it. I can't see what some some follows see in Sue. I'm sure if Mr. Martin or Mr. Travers had her pull their hair the way she pulls mine sometimes, they wouldn't trust themselves alone with her very soon. All at once we heard a dreadful crash in the back parlor, and Mr. Travers said Good something very loud, and Sue just shrieked as u sue naa a neeaie run inro her. Father and mother and I and the cook and the chambermaid all rushed to see what was the matter. The chair that I had mended, and that Sue had taken away from me,had broken down while Mr. Travers was sitting in it, and it had shut him up like a jack knife, and caught him so he couldn't get out. It had caught Sue, too, who must have run to help him, or she never would have been in that fix, with Mr. Travers holding her bv the waist, and her arm wedged in so she couldn t pull it away, Father managed to get them loose.and then Sue caught me and shook me till I could hear my teeth rattle, and then she ran up stairs and locked herself up; and Mr. Travers never ottered to help me, out only said: " - - r "Til settle with you some day, young man." and then he went home. But father sat on the sofa and laughed, and said to mother: 'I guess Sue would have done better if she'd had let the boy keep hia chair. . I'm very sorry, of course, that an acci dent happened to the chair, but I've got it uo in my room now, and I've mended it again, and it's the best chair yon ever sat in. f Jimmy Brown in Harper's Young People. Let the Frost Help Ion. Few fully appreciate how much freezing of the ground does to set at lib erty the plant food locKed op iu almost all soils. Water, in freezing, expands about one-eighth of its j bulk, and with tremendous force. Water, if confined in the strongest rock and f reach, will burst it asunder. The -smallest particles of soil, whioh are in fact only minute bits of tocK, as the microscope win suow, ii frozen whale moist are broken still finer. This will go on all winter in every part of the field or garden reached byCthe frost; and as most soils, contain more vx less elements that all growing plarlts or crops need, a good freezing is equiva lent to adding manure or . fertilizers. Hence it is desirable, to expose as much of the soil as possible to frost action, nnd the deeper the better, for the lower soil . -. i has been less urawu upon, sua is ncuer in plant food.; ,Turn up the soil this month wherever practicable. If, thrown into ridges and hollows in field or gar den, the frost vwill penetrate so much deeper. .'Further, plowing or spading the soil now exposes insects and weed roots t killing by freezing. Still further. oils thrown 1 np loosely " will dry out earlier in spring and admit earlier work ing, which is often a great gain when a day or two may decide in favor of a suc cessful crop. American Agriculturist. On the Brink or the Geuesee Falls One ioint of the railroad bridge that was recently washed away at Rnsii float ed down the river until it struck tho eastern pier of the Main street bridge over the Genesee, There it stuck fast, aud old logs and trees became linked and piled into the jam until it was necessary to remove it to prevent damage to prop erty in that vicinity. Four men under took the job of removal. At farst they stretsLed a rope across the river a few feet above the piers. Then, by means of a boat, they approached the pile of rubbish by paddling along the eastern shore of the river. At noon-time they at tempted to leave their work for dinner. With their toat and a long pike pole they started. They rowed out into the stream intending to cross for the west shore. When m the middle of the river the swift current swept them down toward the river pier. They saw. their danger and rapidly pulled for the leeway on the eastern shore which was produced by the pile of logs. In this manner they escaped from their perilous position with the loss of their pike pole. After hold ing a consultation they cautiously rowed along up the eastern shore until thoy nearly reached the aqueduct. Then, thinking they could get across before the current would bear them away, they pulled vigorously into the middle of tho ' stream, f It at once became apparent that they had under-estimated the force of the current, for their boat was borne down rapidly towards the bridge. In their frantic efforts to change their course the boat careened, and would have upset had not each man made a lunge for the other side. In their hasty movements to save a capsizing both oars were lost, and then he boat drifted at the mercy of the vio- ent, swollen current. Vhen the men realized their utter helplessness they called loudly for help, and people rushed from all quarters to see what was the matter. The back balconies of the stores on the bridge were alive with . a motley crowd of men, boys and women gazing in breathless horror upon the drifting craft of humanity. By sheer good luck, however, the boat struck one of tho piers of the bridge, which arrested its rapid course until the men could clutch to the planking, and tbeu they held fast until a rope was lowered to them. Strong arms were at the other end of the rope, and the men wore thus rescued from their perilous position, for if tho boat hid not struck the pier it cor, tainly must have borne four men over the falls to sure death. Tue excitement of the spectators was so great that their cheers, when the men were safeiy landed, could have been heard in the woods around the town. A War Incident. The cry of "On to Richmond" awak ened no enthusiasm in the hearts of tbe Third Ohio one day when they found themselves en route .as prisoners ot war for that famous capital. Nor were they enthusiastic when they halted for the night and prepared to sink supperless into dreamland. "- The Fifty-fourth Virginia regiment was encamped near by, and some,of the men came down to have a loos at the Yanks. "Had you coffee?" asked ope of a blue coat, stretched discomfortabiyon the bank. "Not a sup," answered the other. "Aint you had any rations to-night?" "Unly a crumb or two, from the bot toms of our haversacks." This was told to the boys of the Fifty fourth, and old Virginia hospitality showed itself at once. The men soon made their appearance with coffee-kettles, corn-bread and bacon, the best they had.. In a few minutes the coffee was steaming, the bacon cooked, and prisoners and captors sat down together around the camp fire, "like kinsmen true and broth ers tried." The hungry, gratsfnl Yank ees ate with a relish such as no one can appreciate unless he has been in a like situation. No wonder there was a warm spot in every heart of the Third Ohio ever after for the generous Fifty-fourth. A fresh slide in the magio lantern gives another of those smiting war pictures. In the distance is Mission Ridge, which has just been stormed. That long line of prisoners "passing over the pontoon bridge and up the . stony mountain side is the Fifty-fourth Vir ginia. A soldier on duty at Kelly's Ferry asked indifferently of one of vthe prisoners as he passed: . " "What regiment is this.' "The Fifty-fourth Virginia," was the reply. Instantly the loungers sprang to their feet and rushed to the camp. Fifty-fourth Virginia is at the "The forry,' they shouted, as they ran in and out among the tents of tbe Third Ohio. The Ohio boys were quicwy in mo tion. Boxes from home and all reserve stores were speedily ransacked. Coffee and sugar, beef and canned peaches and the best they had of everything ; was freely brought forth. k They remembered gratefully their debt of honor, and nobly they paid it. It was the same old scene over, with the shading reversed. For one night, at least, both Confederates and Yanks enjoyed again the Bweet grace of hospitality that could bring a sniije even to the grim visage of war. What a Deed Convejs. The following extracts from an address delivered before the Massachusetts State Board of Agriculture by Honr E. H. Bennett, will be of interest to, our land owners. Of course every one knows it conveys the. fence Btanding on the farm; but all might sot think it also included tbe fencing stuff, posts, rails, etc., which.' had once been used in, the fence, bnfVi fead been taken down and piled, up for Injure use again in the same place. 'But new fence mater&l . just bought arid never attached to the soil will not pass. Standing trees also pass as a part of the land ; so do trees blown and cut down Tind still left in ihe woods where they fell, but not of cut ami corded np for tide, the wood lias then becouae personal property. " If there lre any manotfa the barnyard, or. in- a decomrw4Lheap on the . field, ready for im mediate use, the buyer ordi -ruy takes that riko as belonging to the farm; though it miht not be so, if tho owner had ' previously sold it to some other party and bad col lected it together in a heap by itself. Growing crops also pass by the deed of a farm, . unless , they are expressly 4 reserved, 'and "when it is intended to observe' those it should be so stated in the deed iyelf ; a mere oral agreemeut to that effect would not beadidTin law. AnotSer mode is to stipulate that possession is not to be given nntil' some future dayin which case the crops or manure may be re moved before that time, as to tue T1IE INDEPENDENT ' HAS THU FINEST JOB OFFICE IH DOUSLAS COUNTY. CA&DS, BILL BEADS, LEGAL BLAXK& And other printing, including Large and Heyy Posters and Showy Hand-Bills. .Neatly and expeditiously executed A.T POBTLANI) PRICES, : " " 1 1 1 inn i ' buildings on the farm, though generally mentioned in the deed, it is not abso lutely necessary that they should be. A deed of land ordinarily carries all the buildings on it belonging to the granter, whether mentioned or not; and this rula ncludes the lumbelr and timber of any old building which lias been taken or blown down and been packed away for future use on the farm. But if there be any buildings on the farm built by some tkird person, with the farmer's leave, the deed would not convey these, since the buildings are personal prop erty, and do not belong to the land owner to convey. Tbe real owners thereof might move them off, although the purchaser of the farm supposed that he was buying and paying for the build ings on it. His only remedy in such a case would be against the party selling the premises. As a part of the buildings conveyed, of course the window blinds are included, even if they be at the time taken off and carried off to the painter's shop to be painted. It would be other wise if the had been newly purchased and brought into the house, bufe not yet attached to it. Lightning rods also go with the house if the farmer has any on his house. A furnace in the cellar, brick or portable, is considered a part of the honse, but an ordinary stove with a looso pipe running into the chimney is not, while a range set m brick work is. Mantel pieces so attached to the chimney as not to be removed without marring the plasteriug go with the house, but if merely resting on brackets they may be taken : away by the former owner without legal liability. The pumps, sinks, etc., fastened to then buildings are a part of it in law, and so are the water pipes connected therewith bringing water from a distant spring. It the farmer has iron kettles set in brick work near his barn for cooking food for his stock, or similar uses, the deed of his farm covers them also, as likewise tho bell attached to his barn to call his men to dinner. If he indulges in any orna mental statues, vases, etc., resting on tho ground by their own weight merely, and sells hia estate without reservation, these things go with the land. Airy, Fairy Lillian. "Bon soir, ma chere." "So long, Charlie. ' Winsome Lillian McGuire touched with-ruby red lips the tips of her taper nngers and flung the kiss after Vivian i eatherstone as he sauntered down Blue Island avenue. She could never bear to call him Vivian because her brother had once lost 18 on a horse of that name. - It was in the ripe September days fol lowing this event that she became ac quainted with Vivian Featherstone. He brought Bertram . home in a hack one evening, stood him up gently against the front door, and rang tha bell with a tender pathos that told , its own story When Lillian went down stairs and lef her brother fall into the front hall, sho found in his overcoat pocket three lem ons. With a woman's instinct, she knew at once that Vivian had placed them there. . "How thoughtfully kind of him," she said, as the thought of how Bertram's head would ache in the morning came over her. They did not meet, however, until some weeks later, when a "soiree dan sante" at the house of a mutual ac quaintance brought them together. An introduction followed, and the ' usual light conversation of tho ballroom was begun. Vivian spoke about the new the ory of horizontal cleavaga in red sand stone, and from that their talk naturally drifted to the subject of the new court house. , "I saw you going past there the other day," said Vivian. "Indeed " was Iallian a reply. "And why should you notice me?" "Because of the peculiar color of tho ribbons on your hat," he said. The girl blushed deeply. "Why do you wear lemon-colored ribbons on a dark hat?" he asked, bend ing over her tenderly, and- taking her little white hand in his. "Can 3 ou not guess?" was the reply. "Do you not remember the night that Bertram was paralyzed? I found the lemons in his overcoat pocket, and my heart told me who had placed them there. Is it strange that I should lore one who was so kind to my dear brother?" "And do you really love me, Lillian? he asked, eagerly. - "I should twitter,'' was the girl's re ply, and the little head dropped on his shoulder. f Chicago Tribune. Justice Late hot Sure; Socrates was a stonecutter by trade, but too lazy to follow so honest a calling. He loved to talk too well, and spent his time lounging on street corners and gathering young men aa idle as himself around him. - His personal appearance was disgusting in the extreme. He had a flat nose, thick lips, prominent eyes, bald head, low,, broad figure, ami? awk ward gattv'Trent barefooted and half clad, was a bitter enemy to cleanliness, and a mountebank in manners. He mar ried a woman to whom he was attached by her singular conversational powers, and - although he believed (he himself v excelled all his con temporaries in that respect yet ho found , that she far.' excelled him in the command of language. He cared nothing for the welfare of his wife or children, left them to support themselves as best they might, wbiW he spent the time he could spare from the curbs on seances, and i wasted the treasures, of his thought at the feet of Aspasia and Theodote. whom he pretended to desire to convert, that he might thereby add luster to bis own name aly old dog and in addition to all this, be would in vite the lazy creatures V io surrounded him to dine -with him when there was nothing in th Jnouse to entertain them with. .., L It is natural iV irritating to a fon)1 Bpirite(1 vomftn wLo was struggling for herself and little ones. Whavman in existence could have, born6her soul in paticr.ee under such Invocation? Sleep fob Children. There is no danger that children can sleep too much. The old proverb, "Who sleeps, eats," is illustrated in those little ones who sleep most. Wakeful children are always peevish, irritable and lean. If they can be induced to sleep abun.?antiythey are quite likely to h&eomo goJ-natured and plump. Tbeir $ieoP should bo as much during the hoty of darka ess a3 possible, and therefore J is better that they should go to bed , yfore sunset to have their sleep out, aa to long after sunrise ia the morau: It ia well to let any health- ' ful, ETOTg child sleep until ha wakes hiSself, and then give him a variety amount of out-door exerciso as shallhake him glad when bed time 4K1 -T :t. itjK9t.ywt 7i- Vl4 1 ": li -UVS '-