C2- THE CORVALLIS GAZETTE
Published Toendays and Fridays by
Giitrrs Publishing Company.
The Subscription pricfl of the Gazemse
lor several years has been, and remains
ft per annum, or 25 per cent discount H
paid in advance. Thia paper will be
continued until all arrearages are pan.
1HE PROBLEM.
Probably the "most intricate
problem and the most difficult of
solution now before the people is
that of controlling corporations,
trusts and combinations of what
ever name, conducted in ways
inimical to the public welfare.
This control must be brought
about without changing our form
of government or even amending
our organic laws-.1 Schemes,
some very plausible ones, are
offered which would, possibly,
solve the problem, but they
would change the form of our
government ' arid produce other
conditions arid ills rib iess hurt
ful than those which now afflict
us. Our people will never con'
sent to such a 'change. They
should not and need not .
If, under a representative dem
1 ocracy these things cannot be
worked out, then representative
government, or government of
the people by the people and for
the people must be written down
a failure. But our form of gov
ernment has not failed hitberto
qnder the most trying ordeal and
itjwill not now. :rr:
No solution for this problem
can be found in the destruction
of individualism. Our form of
government finds one of its
strongest buttresses in the fact
that it presents each individual
citizen with the greatest possi
bilities for human development
and happiness and encourages
him to lay hold of them.
This individualism creates and
conserves a healthful competi
tion which constantly makes for
the public good.
But we have reached a stage
in our material development
where an individual working
alone cannot avail himself of
many possibilities for his better
ment. These are more certainly
grasped by a combination of in
dividuals working to the same
end. So far, then, as combina
tions do nothing to restrict in
dividualism nor to limit or de
stroy natural and healthful com
petition, they cannot be objec
tionable. But there are combinations
formed in total disregard of the
rights of the greater number of
men, and with the purpose of
destroying all competition. Such
combinations are highly ob
jectionable and should be sought
out and rendered harmle-s or be
destroyed.
We must first segregate such
combinations as are not objectionable-
from those that are.
The latter class should then be
rigidly controlled or, if that is
hot practicable. (they should be
destroyed.
It will be readily seen that the
Administration - and congress
have in hand an exceedingly
complicated and difficult problem
to solve. It must be solved on
lines in harmony with our form
of government. This precludes
all thought of government own
ership of railroads and means of
transportation. It means the ad
justment of competition and
combination, so that what is de
sirable in each will be left un
trammeled, and that which is
hurtful shall be eliminated. No
party can solve this problem on
any other lines and preserve the
fundamental principles of our
government.
It is a new problem, compara
tively. It can arise only in
democracies, or at least it is
easily negligible under other forms
of governiiu-nt. For this reason,
mainly, we are compellod to be
very careful how we attemct the
solution. Our legislation has
necessarily been tentative. But
good progress is making and the
work will be pushed along as
rapidly as may. be until all such
combinations are brought under
just and legal control. .
It is the purpose of the repub
lican,, party , to do this ,and
to do . it without . the "v'feast
change in our form of govern
ment and it will not turn 'aside
from its purpose.
ESTABLISHING AN ORCHARD
An Excellent Article by C. I.
Lewis, Professor of Horticul
ture, O. A. C.
The large profits realized from
oar orchards the past few years
have given a "great . impetus to
fruit growing, and as a result
many people are setting out or
chards. To aiarge number ot
these persons fruit growing is a
new oecuDation and thev. are
seeking, information to aid them
in establismug their orchards.
As regards.-the time.,tb.set the
trees, from October to February
or. March, is generally preferable
where climatic "'conditions'-; are
such as to "allow One to carry on
the work. Trees set at this time
becoyme well established in early
spring - and are ready to begin
rymrwrth in " Anril. Til ttoH(
4wvfcu " f - - - - - - - c
sections, or at high elevations,
where there, is saanger or iau
freezine. planting can be de
layed until-, spring. ;
The kind of soil is a question
of importance; and in speaking
of soil we consider both the phys
ical and the chemical. The
physical is, perhaps the more
important in that its conditions
are hard to change, while often
in tbe chemical we can supply
lacking plaut foods. Often the
erower expects the chemist to
analyze a small sample of his
soil and tell him what it needs.
The chemist can tell if certain
elements are deficient, but he
cannot tell whether those present
are in an available form, and the
-rower is therefore forced to try
experiments.
As far. as the physical charac
ters of soil are concerned, apples
in our climate prefer a clay loam,
not necessarily a heavy clay,
but a clay loam is apt to retain
moisture and food such as apples
need. Pears will grow on simi
lar soils to apples or even hcuv;er
soil. Cherries and prunes pTerer
the lighter loams, such as many
ot the red hill lands, especially
where the soil is deep. Pe?c'ues
do well on granitic, sandy soi's;
while grapes preter the sunny
south-east slopes, especially
those which are deep and con
tain more or less stony sub-soil.
The main requirement with the
walnut seems to be a deep soil.
Attention should be paid to
the sub-soil. Those soils having
a hardpan near the surface, a
cement gravel, or a loose gravel
that decs riot reach a water sup
nlv should be avoided. In many
parts of Western Oregon the allu
vial soils that have be.n washed
in
bv the rivers, though often
iDDearini? lieht in character are
often among our best fruit soils,
being rich and deep and gener
ally furnished with plenty of
moisture. East ot the moun
tains the rich volcanic soils when
furnished with humus and given
plentv of water win grow most
anv of our fruits.
Other things being equal, the
ipher elevations and slopes are
to be preferred. They are apt
to be better arainea, more iree
from frosts, and often seem to
produce Jruit ot a better color.
Having chosen your iana, toe
next step is to prepare it. it
this is oH wheat land it should
be thoroughly plowed and har
rowed and where possible stable
compost should be added. On
many of the newly irrigated
lands it is often .better to irrigate
a seasoH or two, growing some
plant to supply humus, before
planting the orchard. On many
of the stump lands holes caa be
dug lor the trees and the land
piopared as rapidly as possible.
By the time the trees need the
intense cultivation over a lare
su. "ace the stumps will have been
removed.
The question of varieties is a
difficult one to settle. Certain
localities of our state have already
determined tbis but to those lo
calities where commercial or
chards have not as yet been de
veloped the rule would be to
grow those commercial varieties
which show the most promise in
your immediate locality. - Iackf
ing this information," try a few
ot the leading commercial varieV
ties. I Three to five varieties will
be enough for a commercial or
chard and it is much better, to
plant . three to insure thorough
pollination, as some of our lead
ing varieties seem to be sterile.
Often we are asked - what age
and size trees are best. The bne-
year-old tree is to be preferred
' t . rii . . l i v : . if - ,
I it win esiaunso. useu more easily
and can be headed low, thus say
ing much money in future 'years
in spraying, thinning, pruning
and harvesting the crop. -The
medium sized trees are better
than the very small or very large.
We are fortunate in Oregon in
having nurseries that can' furnish
the finest of trees. ;--.J
When the trees come from the
nursery . they, .should be imme
diately unpacked, '"arid if in good
condition, a trench should be
dag deep enough to cover thel
roots, and the trees are generally
dropped in at an 'angle of about
45 degrees.' This will keep the
trees -in good condition until
planted. Never bury them in
bundles for a long period, as they
will' often heat and decay. If
they arrive somewhat dry and
shrivelled, ibury them in moist
earth or submerge them inVwater.
The bark will often puff out and
nearly all the trees will live.
The distance to plant trees
apart is a matter of interest all
over the state, as there is a ten
dency to plant them too close.
Qn our. rich virgin soils, with
plenty ot moisture, our orchards
can be planted closely, and p:oba
bly make the best use of the land
for the first ten or twelve years,
when they begin to crowd.
It takes a good deal ot nerve
to cut out half an orchard that
has been yielding a large profit,
but if this is not done the whole
orchard will be ruined; so, for a
great many people, it would be
better to plant their trees their
permanent distance and grow
some garden crop in between if
necessary, for the first few years.
There is, however, one system
that will allow you .to cut out
some trees.
Apples should be planted from
thirty to forty feet apart; the
smaller varieties of pears in the
neighborhood of twenty; while
some of the larger varieties-ot
pears will stand thirty. Where
the cherry attains a good size, it
will need from thirty to thirty
five. Small varieties of peaches,
twelve to fifteen, and the larger
fifteen to twenty, and probably
some varieties will do better with
even tweni-y-five. Our older
prune orchards are showing
that thirty feet is none too far,
while grapes are often planted in
rows six . feet apart and eight to
ten feet apart in the row.
(Concluded next issue.)
PHILOMATH SNAPSHOTS.
News Notes front this Busy Burg
Interesting Happenings.
With greetings to all and wishes
for a. New Year of generous
bounty and happiness until its
close, these- ' hrst snapsnois ior
1908 from the Gazette kodak
are tendered to the many readers
of the Dioneer news disseminator
of Benton county, which for 45
years has done its share or pro
motiria interest "for the good
of the county."
ManV old-aew faces have been
seen'on our streets during holiday
week and many tamuiar laces
have' !been absent during this
time: in order to be with loved
ones during the happiness and
feasting ot Yule-tide.
Mrs. E. T. Harrington, of Cor-
vallis, visited with her sister, Mis.
, S. Buoy, from batnraay un
til Monday.
1. B. Luoer and little
son. Tangent, anived Friday for
visit with her cousin, lurs. o.
H. Mosm. This is the first visit
Mrs. Luper has made to Philo
math for tour years. Mr. .uuper
was exnected to arrive 'from Cor-
vallis on Sunday's stage for a
short visit. Mr. Luper is inter
ested in the skating rink at Cor
vallis.
The sad death of Mr. Everett
Adamson. who was formerly a
resident of this piace for a short
time and who had purchased a
part of N. Casteel's place several
years ago, was reported last week.
W
" Through the month of January, we are making a
25 PER CENT DISCOUNT
on Figured Wall Papers
Our spring stock is due to arriye in Fehruary and we must make room for it
by moving a lot of the patterns now on hand. Ingrains, Moires and Special Borders
not included in this sale.'
- January '08 is to be a Big Bargain Month at our store.
Sweeping reductions are in effect in the following lines : Combination Cases,
Writing Desks, China Closets, Reed Rockers and Art Squares.
All yard wide carpets reduced to a margin that will make them go,
January 31st is 'positively the last day of this reduction sale.
Do not wait for your neighbor to tell you about the bargains we are offer
ing, but come and see for
From here the family went tq.
Oklahoma and thence to Kansas.
They had been in Kansas only a
week, when he was driving to a
sale, accompanied by Mrs. Adam
son, he slipped from the wagon
seat, dying. This is, indeed, sad
for the poor little woman with
her fatherless little ones, stran
gers in a strange land. All the
world sorrows at such sad condi
tions, for all the world meets with
such sadness.
The public and high school
re-opened Monday and teachers
and pupils are back to their ac
customed places. Prof. White
greeted his parents in Portland
and Prof. Watkins remained at
his home in Philomath. Of the
primary teachers, Mrs. Winni
fred Merrick remained at her
home in Philomath, and Miss
Ebba Cronquist spent the holi
day vacation with her parents in
Roitlaud. ,
Miss Cronquist brings . back
news which is a complete sur
prise to the students of Philo
math College. Her sister, Miss
Teckla, who was a P. C. student
laal term, was married on New
Year's day to Arthur N. Ketch
um, of Portland. The best
wishes ot her numerous Philo
math friends are tendered them.
Among the former Philomath
ites visiting home, those reported
are: Harry Bryan of Portland,
and J. J. Bryan of Springfield,
who are with their parents, Mr.
and Mrs. W. T. Bryan.
C. F. Dittmar of Kennett,
Calif., arrived Christmas day and
visited relatives until Sunday
morning. On Sunday he visited
his sister, Mrs. J. H. Merryman
of Saiem, proceeding to Portland
Monday and from thence stopping
at different valley towns enroule
to California.
' Prof. E. I. Keezel, who ir
rived from Hammond the first of
last week, expected to return to
his school work on Thursday or
Friday of this week.
At the basket ball game on
Christmas day between the Phil
omath Public School and Cor
vallis Public School the Philo
math boys were victor;-us. ' Oh
Saturday the P. C. girls were
victors over Philomath Liu
school girls.
Roy McGee of Summit visited
over Christmas with friends and
relatives at Philomath. He was
accompanied home by Roy Scott,
who returned to Philomath Sat
urday. Jersey Bull For Sale.
Descended from Grand Coin and Gold
en Glow ; imported cow testing 18 lbs
batter fat in 7 days, with first calf. Ad
dress, 31, S. Woodcock, Corvallis, Ore
gon. 72 t
All tke World
Is a stage, and Ballard's Snow
meat plays a most important part
has no superior lor Rheumatism.
;nta ntits nnrains and all Daia.
Lini
It stiff
Buy
it, try it and you will always ue it. Anv
body who has asea isiuara s ono iioi
ment is a living proot of what it does.
Buy a trial bottle. 25c, 50c and $1.00.
Sold by Graham & Wortnam.
OF-
PAPER
yourself.
HOLLENBERG & SON,
The House Furnishers.
f
Christmas Goods.
fancy Chinaware,
Light and Dark Art Kozine Ware,
Souvenir Ware. A complete stock of
Lamps and Jardinieres of all kinds. A
complete stock of
Staple and Fancy Groceries
at reasonable prices. Call Independent
Phone 7.
j Thatcher-Johnson Co.
Notice for Publication.
United States Land Office.
Portland, Oregon, October, 12, 197,
Notice is hareby given that In cempliaaee with
the proriBions of toe act of Congress of Jane SJ,
I878, entitled "An act for tbe bale of timber lauds
in tbe (States ot Oalifomia, Oregon. Mevada and
Washington Territory," as extended to all the
Public Land State by act ot August 4, 189! Mr.
Bertha Junwi of Portland, county of Hultno
snah, State oioregon. has this day tiled in this
office hex sworn statement. No. 7603, for the pur
chase of the Northwest quarter of Section Mo. 32,
iiiivnnnhjp No. 10 South, Range No. 5 West, and
will offer proof to show that the land sought is
more valuable for its timber or stone than for
agricultural purposes, and to establish her claim
to said land before Register and Receiver at Port,
land, Oregon, on Saturday, trie 18th day oi Janu
ary, 19O8
She names as witnesses: Mrs. Minnie MackcJ
Monmouth, Oregonj Mr. Will Muck of Mcumonth,
Oregon; Mr. J, C. Olson ol Corvallis, Origon; Hi
J. C. Olson of Oorrallu, Oregon.
Any and aU panose al Hinting ' adverser the
above described lands are requested to file their
c't'ms In this office not before said 18th day of
January, rWi.
95ft axcaucit S. DaBessot, Register.
The Best Quality of
PIANOS a" ORGANS
At the Store of GRAHAM ft WBLL'
Corvallis, Oregon
CUSTOMERS
Are requested to call and 'jce them be
lore purchasing elsewhere.
THIS OLD RELIABLE HOUSE wW
sell their FINE-TONED INSTRU
MENTS FOR REASONABLE PRICES
instead of charging you extra to make
up forhigh city rents, railroad tar and
hotel bills for traveling salesmen.
Music Loving People
Can purchase these reliable goods in
their home town. If t' ere is anytkimg
j.you do not understand you will find the
sellers near your home.
CASTOR I A
"Vsr Infants and Children.
"'oil Have Always Bought
Farmers.
Read the "Weekly Oregonian" of Port
land and the "Corvallis Gaiette" for tbe
general news of the world, also far in
formation about bow to obtain, the bast
results in eultivatiog the soil, stock rais
ing, trait raising, etc.
You oan aeeure both of these eKaellent
papers for one year by paying to toe
Corvallis (iaaette" the sum ol two dol
are and fifty asnts, in advance. ftaaait
'the money by poetoffice oider or bank
draft and theae most, valuable papers will
be promptly mailed to you. 83bf
Notice of Final Settlement.
In the matter of the estate of Nancv J. Blagle,
deceased.
Notice is hereby given that the undersigned,
administrator of the estate of Nancy J. Slagle, de
ceased, kas filed his final aocountas surt admin
istrator with the clerk ol the comity court of the
state of Oregon tor Benton County, and the said
aourt has fiaed Mon'ay, the20ihday of January,
llXW, at the hour of 2 o'clock in the afternoou, as
the timt, and county courtroom in the court
house in Corvallis, Denton County. Oregon, as the
pieee for hearing any ana all objections to the
said ac-ceuat and for settlement thereof.
Dated this Ueeemner lSih, ly07,
E. E. WlLSOK,
Adailnislmtor of the estate of lancy J. Slagle,
deeeaeed.
Own Your Home
First -National Bank
of Corvallis
has some
TO.WN LO'.TS
Nearvhe State Agricultural ; College
which vou can buy on the INSTALL
MENT PLAN or for cash.
Save Ten or Twenty Collsrs
per monui and pay the same on a town
lot. Thereafter BUILD YOUR HOME,
on the lot and continue to make these
small monthly payments on the home
and you will soon have tit paid for and
have no more rent to pay.
For information addreaa
W. Hm SAVAG
Corvallis, Or