BUSH BEANS.
They May Be Had All Summer by
Making Frequent Plantings.
If you want tender, brittle pods dur
ing the hot summer months, - make
mall plantings every week or ten days
And use only the tetter varieties, sug
gests a writer in the Garden Maga
zine. If cuitivatian is thorough and
constant, the plants will grow for a
longer period, and if the pods are gath-
FINE STISINd liEANS.
ered as soon as large enough for use
the bearing period will be prolonged
for a much longer period.
For the best quality In the green pod
ded bush beans I suggest the String
less Green Tod, Extra Early Red Val
entine, Blue Tod Butter and the Extra
Early Hefugee, which come on in the
order named, but for the home garden
It Is usually more convenient to fix on
onie one favorite variety and to keep
up a supply by frequent plantings.
In addition to the green podded sorts,
make plantings, one or more, of the yel
low or wax podded varieties, or these
may be chosen in preference to the
green pods, as they do better during
the warm summer season and the pods
are less liable to rust than from the
early spring plantings. Of the yellow
podded sorts, the new Brittle Wax,
Bound Tod Kidney Wax, Pencil Pod
Black Wax and Refugee Strlngless
Wax are the best of the round podded
type. Some other new varieties have
larger and more meaty pods, but are
not as uniform In shape or as attrac
tive in appearance. New White Wax.
Is the best In quality and Is the most
meaty yellow variety with a flat pod.
Bad Ventilation.
Few dairy fanners really understand
What good ventilation means. It Is a
common tiling to see a hay chute left
open over the cows with the impression
that it will create a current of air to
ventilate the stable. The fact is, a
Stable, to be ventilated, must have the
air drawn off from near the floor. This
Is where the bad air accumulates. A
shaft that simply takes the best air
from near the ceiling is a damage.
Foul air is from 10 to 1!0 per cent heav
ier than pure air. The only system of
ventilation that is worth the name will
admit pure air from outdoors near the
ceiling and draw oE the foul air from
near the floor, says Farm Press. Any
thing phort of this should not be called
ventilating the stable.
An Alley Gate.
The Idea of a sliding alley gate is
Suggested by Home and Farm in a
very handy arrangement for open pas
sageways into feed mangers or other
pauLi.uuy
ALLEY GATE.
parts of the barn whore the ordinary
door is not desired. The rod should be
extended at one or both sides of the
opening, as may be most convenient to
the builder, for sliding the gate.
Meat Food For Poultry.
Meat food is supplied in the form of
ground green bone, cooked offal (such
as beef heads, etc.) and in the form of
animal meal (boof scrap). Ground bone
Is perhaps the best and cheapest where
one has a bone mill; where not, beef
heads, livers, etc., give good results,
says a writer in American Agricultur
ist Animal meal, dried blood, etf.,
are good foods, but hi many cases are
more expensive than the others men
tioned. However, they are very useful
during the hot weather, when it Is al
most Impossible to use fresh meat.
Partially decayed meat should not be
uatd, a it la uui heaitiful.
C7 " "T ,
ll Pi
CHILDREN'S CRUSADE.
On of the Most Remarkable Events Ir
the World's History.
There is one episode of the his
tory of the crusades that few people
are familiar with, an episode bo
unique, so strange, so pathetic, so
tragic rithal, that it stands out as
a conspicuous illustration of the fe
ver of enthusiasm then pervading
Europe. It is called the "children's
crusade," and as one of the most
remarkable events in history it is
well worth telling you about.
It was in the summer of 1212.
Two boy prophets, so called, each
abtfut twelve years of age, were
preaching a crusade, not of arms,
but of prayer, against the Saracens.
One of them was Stephen of Cloys,
in France; the other, Nicholas of
Cologne, in Germany. Thev claim
ed to be inspired by heaven to raise
each an army of children to go to
the Holy .Land and convert the in
fidels to Christianity. The sea, they
said, would open, as it once did for
the Israelites, and permit them to
pass over to Palestine with dry feet.
Their preaching caused almost a
frenzy of excitement among the
children, and soon two armies of
them started for the Holy Land,
one from Cologne, the other from
Vend ome, France. The German ar
my numbered about 40,000 and the
French about 30,000.
During the passage over the Alps
nearly 30,000 of the German chil
dren succumbed to cold and expo
sure, and 10,000 of the trench chil
dren died between Vendome and
Marseilles.
The German army had inarched
in two divisions, the first under the
famous Nicholas and the second un
der a boy whose name has not been
preserved. When Nicholas arrived
at Genoa and found that the sea did
not open to permit their passage he
disbanded his army. Many of the
children were sent back home by
the kind hearted Genoese, but oth
ers pressed on to Pisa and took
passage by ship for Palestine.
Meanwhile the army under the
unknown boy had reached Brindisi,
whence they departed for the Holy
Land, and about 5,000 of the
French children were shipped from
Marseilles for the same destination.
But alas for the fatuous preach
ing of the boy prophets and the
equally fatuous credulity of their
followers! All the children that
survived the voyage were sold as
slaves to the Turks, and of the 70,-
000 that started out on that cru
sade of prayer at least 50,000 were
never heard of by their parents
afterward.
What must have been the condi
tion of the public mind when 70,000
children, nearly all of them less
than twelve years of age, were per
mitted to take part in so wild and
fatal an enterprise ! Chicago News.
Matrimonial Commandments.
Matrimony has ten command
ments. These were -studied out by Theo
dore Parker shortly before the day
of his wedding. They took the
form of ten beautiful resolutions
which he inscribed in his journal.
They were as follows:
First. Never, except for the best
reasons, to oppose my wife's will.
Second. To discharge all duties
for her sake freely.
Third. Never to scold.
Fourth. Never to look cross at
her.
Fifth. Never to worry her with
commandments.
Sixth. To promote her piety.
Seventh. To bear her burdens.
Eighth. To overlook her foibles.
Ninth. To save, cherish and for
ever defend her.
Tenth. To remember her always
in my prayers. Thus, God willing,
we shall be blessed.
An Unfortunate Synonym.
An American girl who studied in
Germany tells of a German girl who
was studying English and who used
to write letters in English to her
parents. One day the German girl
handed a letter to her, saying:
'"Here is the letter which I have
written to my mother. I want you
to read it over and see if it is prop
erly written."
The letter was all right, except
ing the closing phrase, which read
as follows:
"God pickle and keep you."
An investigation proved that the
young German woman in looking
for a synonym for "preserve" had
come across "pickle."
A Hopeless Case.
"Yes," said the business man, "I
have given up trying to collect that
little bill from Bilkins. You see,
he is a big, muscular fellow, and he
used to throw my collectors out."
"Then why didn't you employ a
woman collector?" inquired a fel
low tradesman. "He couldn't do!
that to a woman."
"That's what I thought, so I got
one and sent her around, but she
never came back."
"Why not V
"He married her." Spare Ma-
LUMBAGO.
iet and Treatment For This Distress
ing Affection.
This distressingly painful affec-
( tion is muscular rheumatism located
I in the large muscles of the loin.
I The attack usually comes on quite
I snrMrfnlv enmptimes seizins' the suf-
i LCI L i ill LI1U I 111 UU it." ui a waajk. wiwx-
3ut the slightest premonition. The
pain is intense and is increased by
the slightest motion of the body.
The victim of lumbago or any
other form of muscular, rheumatism
becomes painfully aware of the fact,
which perhaps he had not before
realized, 'of the great flexibility of
the body and of the intimate rela
tion between the different parts of
the body, for it seems impossible
for him to make any motion what
ever of the head or of the arms
without feeling a sharp twinge in
the back. He dare not turn in bed,
fift his head or even raise his arms,
for every movement seems to be
originated and performed by the
sore back muscles.
There may be a little swelling of
the affected region, but usually ,
there is no external sign of the
great well of misery lying just be
neath the skin. The pain lasts a
few days or a week and may then
disappear as rapidly as it came, al
though there is often considerable
soreness or an occasional twinge for
a day or two. i
Lumbago may be distinguished
from pain in the back due to other
causes by the fact that the agony is
extreme whenever the slightest
movement is made and is absent or
at least bearable when the patient
lies perfectly quiet in bed, and also
that the muscles are tender when
gently squeezed. The affection is j
more common in men than in wom
en and attacks adults chiefly, the
muscular rheumatism of children
taking the form usually of wryneck.
Why this should be so it is difficult
to say.
Lumbago occurs more frequently
in gouty . persons, although that is
no explanation, since we do not
know why the loins should suffer
in gouty individuals more than the
muscles of the neck.
In mild cases the drinking of an
abundance of water to which some
baking soda is added may give a
measure of relief. Gentle rubbing
of the parts with a cloth dipped in
ammonia and hot water will often
mitigate the suffering, and after the
rubbing a cloth wet with4 this
solution may be- laid on the parts
and coveired with a hot water bottle.
The diet should be light, ; without
meat or highly seasoned food and
especially without beef tea or meat
broths of any kind. The bowels
should be kept open.
One who is subject to lumbago
should be careful to avoid a chill
and should live frugally, drinking
only plain water or milk.
Sometimes the attacks are pre
vented or made less frequent by the
wearing of a broad flannel belt over
the underclothing.
Kaiser Made Him One.
One day the kaiser was walking
in civilian dress when he was rec
ognized by a corporal. The em
peror, noticing that the man's face
wore a troubled expression, ques
tioned him. For some time the cor
poral hesitated to reply, but at last
coniessed that he was m love with
the daughter of his sergeant major,
but the marriage was impossible
since the girl's father would have
none less than a sergeant as a son-in-law.
Do you really love the girl ?" in
quired the kaiser.
With all my neart, was the re
ply-
" V ery well, then: go and tell your
sergeant major that the kaiser has
made you a sergeant." Cleveland
Leader.
Parliamentary Humor.
On one occasion when Mr. Glad
stone was beginning to give up the
lead in the house of commons to
Sir William Harcourt it was noticed
by the members that he left the
house at the dinner hour, and Sir
William Harcourt led for the rest of
the sitting. Mr. Darling one even
ing drove Sir William to fury on
failing to elicit a definite answer to
an inquiry by casually observing in
the course of his speech, "I have
noticed that lately the party oppo
site, adopting an ancient precedent,
has set up a greater' light to rule
the day and a lesser light to rule the
night."
A Popular Delusion.
"Did you read this, dear?" said
Mrs. Grigsby to Orlando the other
night. "It's a strange case. A
harmless 'lunatic imagines that he's
a grain of corn and will not go
into the yard lest a chicken eat him.
Isn't it an odd delusion?"
"Oh, the world's full of such de
lusions, dear," said Grigsby. "I
know a harmless lunatic who seems 1
to imagine that she's a piece of
cheese, and she will fly from a room j
when a mouse enters it for fear the i
little creature will devour her.'"'- j
London Tit-Bits. i
urunery
A speaker at a recent dairymen's
meeting said:. To make the dairy
nwsfifolila yxta fit hara Mvtrra thnt
produce not less than 6,000 pounds of
milk per year. An average of 8,000
pounds can easily be reached if all
poor cows are disposed of and If we
will use a strictly dairy breed. We
can no more make dairying profitable
with beef bred cows than we can best
a race horse on the track with a draft
er. We should feed and care for the
cow in such a way as to produce a
large amount of milk. We cannot pro
duce clean milk from dirty cows, and
from dirty milk we can't make a first
class article, be it butter or cheese.
- It i3 unfair for creameries to pay for
all cream alike. This makes people in
different in regard to keeping the
cream in good condition. Creameries
should co-operate with the farmers. It
is to the farmer's interest to patronize
the home creamery. If the central
creamery could kill the home cream
ery it could arrange prices to suit it
self. - Creameries and cream gatherers
or buyers should exercise the utmost
cleanliness so to set a good example.
Farmers should have a .neat small
room or building for separating and
keeping the cream. Keep it away
from the kitchen, where the cooking
odors give it an undesirable flavor.
Making a Breeding Rack.
The breeding rack shown in the illus
tration from Hoard's Dairyman is used
In dairy work at the University of
Illinois. A breeding rack of this kind
must be strong and well braced to
stand the strain. Cleats placed upon
the surface of planks at the side are
A BKEEDINQ BACK. ,
important The frame must be long
and narrow and the adjustable stan
chion so placed that the occupant can
! be -held well back. The Inside dimen
: sions of the stanchion in this rack are
, 17 by 25 Inches, but this may be varied
, to suit the circumstances. The stan
I chlon is supported by 2 by 4 inch pieces
j attached to each side and resting upon
the horizontal 2 by 4 Inches of the
frame. With a series of holes in the
latter and a hole In each of the pieces
attached to the stanchion it may be
set and held at any desired length by
using long bolts dropped loosely into
the holes. Loose dirt or cinders at the
rear of the rack that can be filled In
or dug out quickly will be found con
venient Moisture Content In Butter.
The most talked of topic among but
ter men Is that of moisture content
due largely to the fact that the inter
nal revenue department has been very
active during the past year in getting
after those creameries that have ex
ceeded the limit set by law. Some ex
periments have recently been complet
ed by the South Carolina experiment
station on moisture control, and among
the conclusions reached are the follow
ing: Butter churned moderately soft and
then overchurned in the wash water
to particles the size of hens' eggs av
eraged a trifle higher in water content
than normally churned butter.
The melting point of butter fat ap
pears to have no influence on the wa
ter content of butter.
The water content of butter made
from very rich cream and medium rich
cream is the same.
Brine salting increases the water con
tent of butter about 1 per cent over
dry salting.
The average of fifteen trials shows
that butter worked two minutes con
tains 64 per cent more water than but
ter worked four minutes.
Normal cream overchurned In half a
ehurnful of wash water to particles
the size of hens' eggs increased the wa
ter content in the butter only slightly.
Stay With One Breed.
Whether your stock is Jersey, Guern
sey, Holstein, Brown Swiss or any
other class of cattle, stick to your text
and, once having made up your mind
what you want keep on in that line
with a pure bred bull, and you will
have a uniform herd of some kind and
as a general proposition a better grade
of milkers than to jump from one
breed to another each succeeding sea
son. You get a reputation in a short'
time of having a herd of Jerseys, H61
stelns, Swiss or some other breed of
cattle even if you never had a pure
bred female on the place provided you
use a sire of the same breed for two or
three succeeding generations.
Cleaning Dairy Utensils.
Probably the most common source of
contamination and Infection of milk is
from the buckets, cans, strainers, bot
tles and other vessels used for its re
ception and transportation. Every dai
rymaa should be provided with appa
ratus for thoroughly scalding and ster
ilizing his milk utensils after each use.
Caus should be carefully washed with
a solution of soap or lye, a brush being
used to remove the dirt and special
care being taken to remove the dirt
from ,the seams. After this washing a
thorough scalding Is necessary. -
THE CALF.
What to Feed to Keep It Strong and
Thrifty.
For the past four years the Kansas
experiment station has been experi
menting in raising calves on skim milk
and its substitutes, and among the
conclusions reached are the following:
Strong, thrifty calves cannot be ex
pected from cows that have received
. feed and care Pvious to calving
time.
Cows should be fed bone and muscle
food while carrying their calves oats.
bran and clover or alfalfa.
Cows to produce strong calves should
go dry from six to eight weeks before
calving.
They should be given succulent f m&,
as grass, roots or siiae. for three or
four weeks before calving to keep
them ia a laxative, healthy eonu!ti.,n.
The calf Ehouid uot be permitted to
drop ia a cold or damp place.
If the cow's udder is caked and fe
verish niUU often, but don't milk per
fectly dry.
Feed the calf whole milk for the first
ten days or two weeks, then gradually
change to skim milk and directly after
feeding milk put a little ground feed
Into the calf's mouth, which will soon
teach him to eat.
After he has learned to eat the
change to skim milk may be quite
rapid and the allowance may be in
creased considerably.
A great difference was found in -the
Individual capacity of calves, yet as a
general rule the calf from three to five
weeks old may be fed from ten to
twelve pounds of milk daily.
The milk should always be fed warm
and sweet. Next to overfeeding, there
was nothing that was found to cause
greater difficulty with hand fed calves
than feeding sweet milk one meal and
sour the next. They also found that it
was not practicable to feed unpasteur
ized skim milk from the creamery.
When calves are fed for future use
fulness in the dairy care should be
taken not to get them too fat. In the
early part of the feeding period, when
the calves are receiving a large amount
of skim milk and comparatively little
grain, there is not much danger of get
ting them too fat, but as the grain ra
tion increases it may be necessary to
, feed more nitrogenous grain. This can
be done by changing a part of the corn
for oats, bran or oilmeal whenever the
calves appear too fleshy.
They found that considerable loss
was sustained in putting calves to pas
ture, provided the change from dry
I feed to grass was not made gradually.
Dairy Feeds.
'The dairy farmer who has to buy
feed should look to the Interests of his
soil when considering the feed he
needs. Bran has a greater manurial
value than any other of the common
dairy feeds, and next to it is clover.
The farmer who buys bran from the
wheatfields of other states is buying
some of the very best fertility of those
states. When he buys clover from his
neighbor's farm he is buying some of
the very cream from his soil. Besides
receiving a profit from the feed In the
form of milk and butter he will also
more than receive its first cost in the
amount it increases the plant food ele
ments in the manure.
SILOS AND SILAGE.
In an address on silos at a dairy
men's meeting a speaker said: I ran
short of ensilage for the cows In the
spring, and while I had pretty good
hay if did not take the place of silage.
The cows always looked for something
they did not get, and in the milk pail
one could notice a difference too. As
long as I had ensilage they had better
appetite for hay also. Never before iu
winter were my cows in such thrifty
condition. In conclusion I would say
In regard to building a silo that it is
the best thing I ever did. The only
thing I regret is that I did not have it
years ago.
The Silage Needed.
According to a recognized authority,
each cow should have an allowance of
about four tons of silage in the seven
months it is usually fed. It is there
fore easy to determine by the number
of cattle to be subsisted how much
silage it is necessary to preserve. A
silo reasonably deep is the best pre
servative of its contents and the most
economical, but it is held by good au
thority that it is desirable to keep the
structure within reasonable bounds,
and when the structure goes beyond
that it is better to have two or more
silos.
Cost of Filling Silos.
The' cost of filling silos Is carefully
gone over in farmers' bulletin 2i)2
from investigations made on thirty-one
farms In Wisconsin and Michigan. The
average yield of silage on the whole
number of farms was about nine tons.
The average cost of filling the silos
was 64 cents, the range being from 4G
to 86 cents. The. average cost per acre
for putting away the corn was $3.98.
The difference in cost was not wholly
due to management, but was partly ex
plained by long hauls, lodged corn or
accidents to machinery.
Value of the Silo.
The silo will enable the dairy farmer
to keep his cows six months at less
cost than it is possible for him to keep
them six months in the summer on
blue grass, says Kimball's Dairy Farm
er. It will provide a succulent feed
for the cows in winter and make it
possible for them to give as good a flow
of milk with the mercury at 20 degrees
below as they will give in June and
produce it at less cost. It will enable
the man with a small farm to double
the size of his herd, and he will be
able to winter his cows on the fodder
from his cornfield, which has always
been practically a waste product. .
RAISING
BABY, BEEF.
What the Stockman. Must Feed to Ss
cure the Highest Quality.
To get baby beef of highest quality
It must of course be fed and reared
In a certain way, says Professor Thom
as Shaw. It is more influenced as to
its juiciness by the feeding than by
anything else. . If baby beef is to pos
sess the highest quality of tenderness
and juiciness, animals must be given
a certain proportion of succulent food.
The succulence may be furnished by
grass in the summer. In the winter
the two more important sources of
succulence are corn silage and field
roots. But even when the animals are
glazing they must be well supplied
with meal, as making baby beef is a
continual system of pushing forward
from the day of birth until the -animals
are ready for the block.
Corn silage is the cheaper source of
succulence as compared with roots foe
winter feeding, but it is not in any
sense the safer food of the two. Should
the silage possess much acidity, which
it sometimes does when put up too im
mature, it is not nearly so valuable as
when sweet and well matured. As
much as twenty pounds daily may be
fed to a steer when of the age of
twelve to eighteen months. It makes
an excellent medium with which to
mix the meal given to them under feed
ing, which is in a sense forced.
But when field roots are fed they
also may be used as the medium la
which the meal may be mixed. They
may be fed either in the sliced or In
the pulped form. When fed freely
they give to the meat a juiciness and a
flavor such as can be given from no
other kind of food. There is also an
element of safety about It that comes
with no other kind of food. It would
be a difficult matter to injure the di
gestion of a cattle beast by feeding It
too much roots, provided the roots had
become sufficiently matured. When
fed roots freely in the winter and then
carried on with grain and suitable
grass during the summer, the quality
of the meat from animals so young, If
well finished, would be simply superbi
Does It Pay to Raise Mules?
It certainly does, as there never was
a time when the mule did not com
mand a fair cash price, and as long as
the world continues to grow cotton,
corn and sugar and work the mines we
must have the mule, and just as long aa
these industries are kept up the mule
will command a better price than any
other of the horse kind compared to
what it costs to raise them, says a
writer in the New Southwest There
is no animal so easy and safe to raise
as the mule. He is less subject to dis
eases than any other animal, he la
easily fattened, he is easily broken to
work, and when It comes to selling him
he is always ready for the cash. It
does not take a high standard bred reg
istered mare to raise a good mule. Of ,
course the better the mare as a rule
the better the mule, but any good
roamy fifteen and a half to sixteen
and a quarter hands and 1,050 to 1,300
pound mare bred to a good Jack will
raise a good mule. All kinds of mules
sell, and sell well, but the good kind
sell much higher and are just as easy
to raise if you will use the right kind
of jacks and a good average mare.
Feeding Sheep For Market. '
In feeding sheep for market avoid
feeding corn in excess. I think that is
one of the great faults of our sheep
feeders they feed too much of the car
bonaceous ration, says a New York
breeder. It is perhaps true that one
can put a flock of sheep into the barn
and make a greater gain per day for a
reasonable time with corn than with
any other kind of food, but one that Is
not making lean meat, simply mutton
tallow. A much better food will be
oats, bran, oil cake, something of that
kind which will produce a better qual
ity of meat.
THE SHEPHERD.
Selling the good ewes because prices
are tempting is tearing down rather
than building up your flock.
Sheep should not be "caught by.
clutching handf uls of their wool, aa
this injures the fleece, to say nothing,
of giving pain.
As soon as the lambs will eat grain,
they should be given a creep, so that
they can pass in an adjoining pea
away from the mothers and be allowed
to eat grain at will.
A fender should be placed over the
trough, so that the Iambs cannot jump
Iu and soil the feed.
Don't forget to guard the sheep at
night The dog is an epicure and
knows what good lamb Is.
As a supplementary ration to corn '
stover for sheep a mixture of one-half
oilmeal and one-half bran, a half pound
to each sheep daily, is hard to eat j
Sheep shearing is not a difficult op- j
eration, and any man who is willing :
can readily learn the art b3P shear-
ing machines are popular, practicable '
and profitable. ;
The profits from the flock are aot i
always dependent upon the number of
sheep you keep, but rather on the kind
you keep. 1
Cull at shearing time and again at :
weaning time. I
If you dip your sheep at the proper
season in some good dip, you will not
have to dip so deep into your pocket j
when the day for settling your feed j
bill comes along, says American Sheep j
Breeder. ,
As a sheep dip the following Is reo- j
omm ended by a breeder: Add forty j
pounds of soft soap to ten gallons of
boiling water and while boiling add I
one pound of carbolic acid. This may i
then be thinned down with 100 gallons 1
of cold water. This quantity is sufn-il
dent for dipping seventy-five sheep. j