DWARF FRUIT ORCHARD.
Protcnor F. A. Wangrh'a HoTel ui
Successful Euterprfse.
Oue of the subjects relating to hor
ticulture which demand deserved at
tention is the experiment of Professor
F. A. Waugh of the Massachusetts Ag
ricultural college in the production of
dwarf fruits. The one-fourth acre
dwarf fruit -orchard there fruited heav-
SWABP APPLE TREE IN FUtJIT.
The kind they grow In Massachusetts.
ily last season. An editorial repre
sentative of the New England Home
stead inspected the orchard when it
was in fruit and found the enterprise
an unqualified success. All of the com
mon fruits, such as apples, pears,
plums, peaches, nectarines, etc., were
found in the dwarf fruit garden. Fine
large apples were seen growing on
trees not half as tall as a man. The
fruit in some Instances was within two
or three inches of the ground. In the
case of pears the trees were about as
high as one's head, and the limbs were
literally loaded with delicious fruit
The peaches, too, were bearing heavily,
and the close planting did not seem to
injure the quality of the fruit.
In Professor Waugh's opinion dwarf
apples are the most interesting and
valuable of dwarf fruits. Of the forms
tinder which they may be cultivated
the simplest is the bush or vase form.
They succeed very well as upright
cordons and all the simpler modifica
tions of this form. As the trees can
be planted very close together (easily
as close as fifteen Indies), thus occupy
ing very little room, a large number
of them can be planted in very limited
areas of the city lot or back yard.
. The apple adapts itself admirably to
horizontal cordons. Dwarf apples re
quire practically the same cultivation
and care as standard apples. The soil
should be cultivated the early part of
the summer and allowed to rest the
latter part of the year. Cover crops
may be sown during June or July, ac-
APPLES IN UPRIGHT CORDONS.
As grown at Massachusetts Agricultural
college.!
cording to the custom In the usual or
chard management Practically all va
rieties of apples can be grown as
dwarfs, though some succeed better
than others.
Care la ITslus; Feed Cutters.
Every little while we hear of a farm
er losing a hand or arm in a silage cut
terone this week. This is usually
caused either by stalks getting wedged
in the feed rolls or a loose jacket
sleeve getting caught In the fodder
and pulling in the arm. Don't wear
any but tight fitting or buttoned up
clothing around a cutter or machinery
of any kind for that matter. If stalks
get wedged in feed rolls, do not pat
your hands near the rolls to straighten
out matters. Use a large long stalk, or,!
better still, shut off the feed and
iltraighten out things. Do not crowd
the cutter and push with all your
might. It will cut more corn if it is
not crowded. If you have one of the
old style feed cutters, where the corn
must be pushed up" to the rolls, stand
so that yon pull it In rather than push;
then your elbow is the point that
comes nearest the feed roll, and there
Is very little danger of an accident
Bural New Yorker.
Looking; lata Past and Future.
As we look over the past year and
take note of its conditions and of our
own experience, we should be able to
note wherein we might have done bet
ter, lie is a wise .and practical person
who Is willing to profit by mistakes to
the extent of changing his vlevis and
practices for what appears to lie the
better.
I
VALUABLE NOVELTIES.
t
Alfalfa From Siberia Single Germ
mr Beets,
In the bureau of plant Industry at
Washington the leading features of the
work reported of the past year have
been the co-operative demonstration
work with farmers, fruit growers and
others under the careful supervision
of department experts and the intro
duction of new crops of economic val
ue. One of the most important achieve
ments in this latter line is the discov
ery of the existence of a Siberian al
falfa, a plant native on the dry steppes
of Siberia, where the mercury freezes
without snow, thus proving the ability
of the plant to withstand without pro
tection a temperature of 40 degrees be
low zero. This discovery may mark an
epoch In the agriculture of the north
west prairie regions of the United
States. Among other valuable plants
introduced are a vigorous alfalfa from
Arabia and the Tangier pea, which has
yielded as high as nine tons of green
feed per acre. With a view to increas
ing the matting industry the depart
ment's explorers have secured living
plants of the best foreign varieties of
rushes.
In the improvement of sugar beets
the annual report further says:
"Good results have attended work In
securing high grade strains of sugar
beet seed, and especially satisfactory
results have been secured in the devel
opment of the sugar beet seed contain
ing a single germ, which will eliminate
a considerable portion of the -work of
thinning."
MOSS IN PASTURES.
Sodium Nitrate Is Found to Be an Ef
fective Remedy.
The moss knolls so common in our
pastures are composed mainly of Poly
trichum commune and less often of
A PEST IN OLD PASTURES.
a closely related species, Polytrichum
juniperlum. A pasture belonging to
the Vermont experiment station and
considerably infested with moss was
used in these experiments.
Three plots, containing 100 square
feet each, were measured off and lime,
! maple wood ashes and sodium nitrate
! applied at the rate of 5,000, 1,000 and
' 1,000 pounds respectively. Hade ap
plication also on three plots containing
ten square feet at the same rate, but
worked into the soil. These materials
were applied about Nov. 15, 1905, and
about June 1 of the following year
some action had already taken place.
Plot No. 1, containing lime as a top
dressing, was little affected.
Plot No. 2, containing ashes as a top
dressing, was little affected, exeeot in
I those spots where the ashes happened
to be particularly thick, in which places
the moss was unhealthy and in some
cases dead. '"
Plot No. 3, containing sodium nitrate
as a top dressing, was greatly changed.
More than half the moss was killed,
and the greatly Increased growth of
grass bid fair to drive out the rest
The three tilled portions were also
considerably less acid, although not
alkaline in reaction. The effect of lime
when used as a top dressing is well
known to be slow, and consequently
later results may prove more favora
ble. This action shows how much the
mosses are dependent on a certain
kind of habitat in order to thrive and
suggests the practicability of using the
nitrate on lawns, etc., that are infected
with mosses. In any case the better
and more luxuriant grass produced
would usually more than pay for the
cost of trouble of application, con
cludes a writer in American Cultivator.
Nitrate of soda is a salt extremely
easy to apply and with scarcely any
smell. Its solubility and quick action
make it especially effective during a
rainy season.
Growing; Fruit In Nebraska.
Not only Is there no question about
the water supply in western Nebraska
as long as the rivers run, but soil culti
vation Is easier than under ditch Irri
gation. Not only is the elevation less
than some of Colorado's most famous
fruit districts, tout the climate Is at
least equal to and very little different
Irom that of Colorado. Cool nights,
ample moisture and bright sunshine all
combine to give the high coloring and
fine quality which have made Colorado
fruit famous. Western Nebraska has
all of these. EL F. S. m -Orange Judd
Farmer.
Manure In Cold Climates.
Many experiments, notably those
made by the Michigan and Wisconsin
stations in this country, have shown
that barnyard manure is one of the
most effective means of increasing the
productiveness of swamp or muck
soils. This is thought to be due largely
to the; increase of available nitrogen
brought about by the' application of
the manure. In cold climates, where
the season is short and the conditions
for rapid fermentation In the soil un
favorable, the use of fermented ma
nure is preferable. W. H. Bert. ,
THE HOUSE OF LOFIDS." I
TTkat Tkta Gnat British I Uimtf 1
At first sight there is not much like
ness between the comfortable country
gentlemen, retired lawyers, blase men
of fashion and liberal subscribers to
party funds, who now drop Into rath
er than frequent their magnificent hall,
and "the mail covered barons, who
proudly to battle led their vassals from
Europe to Palestine's plain" In the
days of the Henrys and Edwards, but
in one point the house has always
maintained its character through cen
turiesit Is an aristocracy of birth, but
It is still more emphatically one of
wealth. The law of entail and primo
geniture has kept the landed estates to
gether as far as the law can. Many
have passed by heiresses to new names
or been sold by spendthrift lords, many
holders of ancient titles have lost the
wealth that gilded their ancestors cor
onets, but new peers are almost al
ways rich, and a title is still an at
traction to an heiress. We sometimes
hear that the house of lords represents
nothing. This is false. It represents
property. Tennyson's new Lincolnshire
farmer, whose horse's hoof3 trotted
"proputty, proputty. proputty," Is the
type of a vast number of Englishmen.
Such men are not only content but
proud, to be represented by the house
of lords. They know that as long as
the lords have their say "proputty"
will have a stanch body of organized
champions. William Everett in At
lantic. - .
NATURAL KITCHENS.
Places Where Cooking Is Done In
Boiling: Spring's.
There are one or two countries Ice
land, for example where washday is
not dreaded, because nature provides
the hot water at one's very door in the
shape of steaming springs of spouting
geysers. But there is only one country
where the native women do practically
all their cooking by unaided nature,
and that Is the North island of New
Zealand. Here is a wonderland of a
thousand square miles so volcanic that
a fire may be lighted by Inserting a
few sticks in the earth, and wherever
one makes a hole he speedily has a pool
of boiling water, into which a pudding
may be lowered incased in a cloth and
cooked expeditiously.
Frequently in perfectly cold streams
a boiling hot current may be seen and
felt running along the edge of the
river, and here the Maori women do
their own and the white man's wash
ing. Naturally the volcanic region of
New Zealand is a dangerous country to
wander in without a guide, and many
tourists have lost their lives as the re
suit of such carelessness. Maori serv
ants boil coffee and eggs in this way.
New York Tribune.
A Vile Performance.
On the occasion of his brother's bene
fit Edwin Booth was standing behind
the scenes when a character actor who
had been giving imitations of noted
actors was about to respond to an en
core. "Whom do you imitate next?" ln-
mired Booth.
"Well," was the reply, "I was going
co represent you in Hamlet's soliloquy,
but if you look on I'm afraid I shall
make a mess of it"
'.'Suppose1 I Imitate myself?" remark
ed the tragedian, and, hastily putting
n the other actor's wig and buttoning
ip his coat, he went on and delivered
he well known lines.
Next morning the newspapers stated
hat the imitations ruined the perform
mce, "the personation of Edwin Booth
leing simply vile enough to make
hat actor shudder had he seen it"
Toledo Blade.
Costly Windsor Castle.
No royal castle has cost Great
Britain more in hard cash than that
f Windsor, says the London Chron
"le. When George IV. announced his
ntentlon of making it a family resi
ence parliament granted him 300,000
award its reconstruction. For four
ears the work went merrily on under
fresh grants, and the king then took
possession of the private apartments.
That did not end the expenditure how
ever. By the time William IV. had
-satisfied himself that there was noth
ing more to be done the castle had
swallowed up close to a . million
pounds.
Pope's SlcmUL.
The skull of Alexander Pope, the poet
and satirist, is In the private collection
of a phrenologist During some alter
ations In the churchyard where Pope
was burled it was necessary to move
his coffin, which was opened at the
time to ascertain the state of his re
mains. By bribing the sexton of the
church possession of the poefs skull
was obtained for the night and In the
morning a different skull was returned
instead. The cost of the skull, includ
ing the bribe, was 50.
His Stubbornness.
"Haven't you and your friend got
through that argument yet?" asked a
parent of his youngest son.
"It isnt any argument" answered
the boy. "I am merely telling Jimmie
the facts In the case, and he Is so
beastly stubborn that he won't under
stand." Chums.
I Escaping- the Organ Grinders.
Reside close to a dentist's if you are
not fond of street music. Itinerant
organ men carefully 'avoid playing
anywhere near the house of a prac
titioner who can effectually stop or
remove all troublesome grinders. Lon
don Punch.
A niggardly rich man does not own
bis estate; his estate owns him. Blon
ANOTHER WRECK.
OnS.
P. Caused Excitement in
Corvallis" Friday.
For the fecouu time within a month
or six weeks there was a wrack on the S
P. railroad, Friday, between ihi- city
aud Portland. The train that is due i
Corvallis at 11:45 did not jje. in until
4:30 and there was considerable excite
ment and worry among local residents
until it was learned that no Corvallis p
tila had been injured. The storv ol tin-
t 1
: wreck is told in baturdaj 's Oregoiiiau a?
folio- s:
- Tra'u No. 2, the Corvallis passenger
which left Portland yesterday ujorsiug
at? o'c'ock was derailed at II o' lock a
miie north ot McCoy. Po'k county.
Fourteen persons were hart, two serious.
ly.
. jjeDjamin Scho field, of Cornelius, re
tained the most seiious ii.juries. vn.
Scholfield is well kuown in the VVillam.
ette Valley,-and is a regent oi the Mon
mouth Normal School.
E. N . Burwell, who UveB at 505 Wil
liams avenue, the postal cleric on the
train, was also quite badly hurt, but will
recover.
The five cars of the train, three of
which were well filled with passengers,
left the rails and turned ever, almost
clear of the track. The locomotive re
mained upright, witr only one truck off
the rails.
There were wil 1 scenes in the passen
ger coaches when the crash came. Pas
sengers were thrown from their Beats.
A coal stove was overturned in one ol
the cars and one woman's dress caught
fire This caused intense excitement as
the doors of the cars were jammed shut
and escape from cremation seemed im
poesiblb. The fire was extinguished.
however, and the doors of the tars were
beaten down, allowing the imprisoned
passengers to escape.
The cause of the accident was not re
ported to the PortUnd offices of the
Southern Pacific Saturday. Conflicting
reports were received, a broken rail 2nd
spreading rails be.ng assigned as causes
of the accident.
Additional Local.
Jack Milne moved his cigar
store yesterday into his new io
cation one door north of the
Spencer barber shop, formerly
occupied Dy the J? is her music
store.
F. L. Miller had planned to go
to uaiitornia since last October,
but was afraid of earthquakes.
He at last got up courage and
started, arriving in San Fran
i i mi i mi
cisco last inursaay. xnat same
evening there was an earth
quake. He wrote to the clerks
in his Corvallis store that at last,
in his old age, he was rocked to
sleep by an earthquake.
B. W, Lacy is up from Portland for a
visit with friends.
Bert Yates, formerly of this city, is
now at Pendleton. He is still in the
emoloy of the North Bank railroad and
his ralary has recently increased to $75
per month.
Attorney W. E. Yates came up from
Vancouver Sunday for a few days' visit
He reports everything as moving along
nicely with himselfand family. He
returns today,
The K. O. T, M. an tMadv Maccabee
social given last week was a success f rom
every standpoint. About IqO people
were present at the clam and crab ban
quet. The program rendered was an ex
cellent one as follows: Grand march bv
Degree team in uniform ; cornet solo,
Prof. Harry Beard; recitation, Fen ton
Starr; instrumental solo, Prof. Fraak
White; vocal duet, Misses Hnbler and
Kyle; instrumental solo, Mrs. Carl
Hodes: recitation, Edgar Starr; comic
ballad, Arthur Boquet; instrumental solo,
MibsMcBride; instrumental solo. Prof.
Frank White; cornet solo, (by special re
quest). Prof. Harry Beard.
How It Struck Her.
"You seemed greatly Impressed." said
the minister, "with my description of
how they brought the head of John the
Baptist before the king on a salver."
"Yes," sighed Mrs. De Style; "I was
thinking how much better 'they train
ed servants in those days. Now. mine,
when they bring me things, are forever
forgetting the salver." Louisville Courier-Journal.
A Sore "Way.
First Author Oh, the unutterable
monotony of existence! I am thor
oughly disgusted with it all. Would
that I might completely disappear for
awhile. Second Author Then why
don't you marry a famous woman?
Judge.
Her Monrnlng.
Maud Why Is that lady over the
way always in black? Is she mourn
ing for any one? Bess Yes, a hus
band. Maud I didn't know she'd been
married. Bess No, but she's' mourn
ing for a husband all the same.
Of Conrse.
Professor (a little distracted) I'm
glad to see you. 'How's your wife?
"I regret it, professor, but I'm not
married."
"Ah, yes. Then of course your wife's
still single." Fliegende Blatter.
A Serial Story Entitled
"L I N COIN'S
LOVE
Soon be Published In the Gazette
This entrancing
by
WARD HILL LAM0N
Lincoln's
. Lamcn was
coln's Echcccf,5' a serial published
In ill Gazette a year ago ....
"Lincoln's Love Affairs" affords a
vivid insight of the life and beautiful
womanly attributes of Miss Ann Rut
ledge, the object of Lincoln's first great
affection, and unhappy mental condition
on her death. His short courtship of
Miss Mary Owens creates intense in
terest and is historically correct.
Final Courtship
MISS MARY TODD
Lincoln's early experiences as a law
maker and other interesting incidents
in the life of thei great emancipator.
SUBSCRIBE EOR
Published twice a
annum,
This Story Alone
OUR
JOB PRINTING
AfFAIRS"
story was written
Law Partner
the author of "Lin
and Marriage of
THE GAZETTE NOW
week for $1.50 per
in advance.
is Worth the Price
Facilities are the Best