TELLS EXTENT OF, UNIVERSE
It la Berred That. Milky Way, la
200,000,000 Times Eartt'3'.
f . Dictanca from Son.
'. To determine a single position
of any one star involves a great
ileal of computation, and if we re
flect that, in order to attack the
problem in question in a satisfac
tory way, we should have observa
tions of a million of these bodies
made at intervals of at least a
fraction of a century, we seehat
an enormous task the astrono
mers dealing with this problem
have before them, and how imper
fect must be any determination of
the distance of the stars based on
our mqtion through space, writes
Simon Newcpmb, in Harper's
Magazine. So far as as estimate
can be made, it seems to agree
fairly well with the results ob
tained by the other methods.
Speaking roughly, we have reason,
from the data so far available, to
believe that the stars of the Milky
Way are situated at a distance be
tween 100,000,000 and 200,000,000
times the distance from the sun.
At distances less than this it
seems likely that the stars are dis
tributed through space with some
approach to uniformity. We may
stato as a general conclusion, indi
cated by several methods of mak
ing the estimate, that nearly all
the stars which we can see with
our telescopes are contained with
in a sphere not likely to be much
more than 200,000,000 times the
distance to the sun.
The inquiring reader may here
ask another question. Granting
that all the stars we see are con
tained within the limit, may there
not be any number of stars with
out the limit which are invisible
only because they are too far away
to be seen?
AMERICAN SWINE INDUSTRY
The Hog Has Proved an Important
Factor in the Wealth Production
of the United States.
The swine industry of the Unit
ed States is a feature of resources
that figures high in the agricul
tural wealth of our country, says
the Nebraska Farmer. To the
hog, more than any other influ-.
ence.'are we indebted for the fine
ly improved forms and beautiful
cities that have, as by magic,
spread out over the vast area of
agricultural lands from Ohio in
the east to the Missouri valley in
the west. The civilizing influence
of the corn crop has changed the
millions of acres of wild prairie
lands to the fertile, cultivated
fields, rich with the clovers, grass
es and improved crops of modern
agriculture. Without the hog this
great district of agricultural
lands, lying in the center of what
is known as the corn belt, could
never have attained its pres
ent distinction of wealth and
business reptation. As a fac
tor in wealth production the hog
is justly entitled to the distinction
of "the pioneer" among our meat
producing animals. The Ameri
can hog has fastened his hold so
firmly, not only upon our own peo
ple, but upon those of almost
every country on the globe that
the industry of swine raising is of
necessity made as progressive in
its increase of production as the
increase of population demanding
pork production.
LEAVES LEGACY TO HORSE
St. Louis Physician "Wills 82,000 to
Squine Which Had Served
I Him 83 Years.
'A Btrange case of the affection a
man may have for a dumb brute
came to light at St. Louis when
the will of Dr. John Gilwee was
nrobated. The first clause of the
instrument provided for a trust ;
fund of $2,000, to be held in the 1
name of a faithful old horse, Tony,
which had served the -physician :
continuously for nearly 23 years.
The clause in the will was as fol-!
lows: "In case that my horse
Tony, which I have used for nearly I
23 years, survives me, I order that
2,000 of my estate be placed in
trust at six per cent, per annum,
and said interest used for his food, :
shelter, and care so long as he ;
lives, and after his death the said '
$2,000 shall be divided among my '
legal heirs." , j
His Regular Price.
They were playing checkers.
"Crown that one," said the law
yer, pushing a piece into the king
row.
"That will cost yon f 15," said
the dentist, absent-mindedly.
Chicago Tribune.
NERVE OF YANKEE CAPTAIN
Old 8aa Bog Frightened by Amount
. of Sail Carried, But SUppr
Xta It Stand, .
In parallel 57 degrees, in th
dog-watch four to six p. m., whet
the chief officer came on deck to re
lieve the second officer, he swiftly
cast his eye. toward the horizon ir
the direction of the wind, then at
the struggling canvas, and partic
ularly at the main topgallant sail,
which threatened every minute to
blow away, says Frank J. Mather,
in Atlantic. As nautical etiquette
forbids the officer in charge to al
ter canvas when the captain is
on deck without his command or
consent, the chief officer, after his
hurried " survey, ' said : "Capt.
Mather, that main topgallant sail
is laboring very hard." fit is
drawing well let it stand, Mr.
Bartlett," was the reply. At six
o'clock, when the second officer in
turn relieved the first, he also
gave a rapid glance about, and
said: "Capt. Mather, that main
topgallant sail is struggling
hard." "It holds a good full, let
it stand, Mr. McFarland," was the
reply. Even the old sea dogs
among the crew begged the petty
officers to send them up to take in
sail, while it was held safe to do
so. As the helmsman turned his
wheel, every turn of a spoke would
make the ship jump in the water
like a frightened bird. Men were
stationed at every belaying pin,
holding halyards and clew lines,
by a single turn "under and over,"
ready to let go and clew up, at a
signal. We were making a record
passage, and sail was to be carried
to the last minute, the utmost the
ship could bear, while every exi
gence of storm was anticipated.
Later in the evening, the captain
could not ielp asking if the crew
still thought that he had married
the owner's daughter. Capt.
Mather illustrated then, as al
ways, a quality of mind usually ex
hibited by those who succeed in
most any direction n extreme
daring and extreme caution run
ning parallel.
APPAREL BARS MAIL WOMEN
See Koines, Iowa, Postmaster Finds
That Carriers Must Work in
Male Clothing.
The postmaster of Des Moines,
la,, finds himself in a somewhat
peculiar position. With a view to
economy he decided to invite wom
en to apply for positions as post
men. A number of women ap
plied, and, having been put
through an examination, which
they passed satisfactorily, the
documents were then sent to the
postmaster general for ratifica
tion, and that exalted function
jary, seeing that the names were
i presented with the initial only for
j the Christian name, failed to de
jtect that the subordinate bad in
troduced a change. The women.
therefore, being appointed start
ed work in due course, and it was
only when the uniform depart
ment came to deal with the new en
trants that trouble arose. The
uniform of all letter-carriers is set
tled bv law. It consists of three
' garments, which need rio be spec
jified otherwise than to say that
jthe postmaster of Des Moines
, found they were unsuitable for
' his new employes,
j The postmaster general is con
sidering it, but it looks as if the
, women would not be retained. The
j suits of uniform are lying in the
post office of Des Moines, and the
women are delivering letters clad
in their ordinary raiment.
CREDIT AT PAWNBROKERS.
Favorite Patrons Can Obtain Almost
Any Amount They Desire on J ew
elry or Personal Property.
The men that can and do estab
lish a line of credit with pawn
brokers is a proposition beyond
belief to the man who has been of
fered only $ 20 on a watch that cost
75. The fact remains, however,
says the Philadelphia Record, that
all pawnbrokers have favored pa
trons on their books who can al
ways get the amountof money they
wajit upon almost any old thing
that takes the shape of jewelry or
other "hockable" personal prop
erty. A local sport .tried to raise
50 on his split-second stop watch
the other day, and was offered $30
less than the value of the case
melted. A friend who had an es
tablished credit took the same
watch to the same pawnbroker
and got $75 on it without a ques
tion being asked. 11 was the man,
not the watch, that made the loan
nna&ible. .
. CHOLERA ViCTi.Vlw.
Heroic JCea'sures Practiced in Balnea
Ayres to Checi Spread of
Disease. ,"'-''
"Some years ago I found myseL
in the city of Buenos Ayres at s
time when the cholera was raging
in that capital," said D. J. Aur
buckle, of New Orleans, to s.
Washington Post man. '-;
It happened tha as I walked
aloner a dubIic thoroughfare one
day while the plague was at its
neigh t I saw a man fall to tm
ground, and I surmised that h
had been stricken with the dreed
disease. Before reaching mm i
noticed a policeman approach the
unfortunate and -administer
drink to him from a bottle whic
I had no doubt jontained a restov
ative or some kind of medicine.
At the same time the policeman
blew his whistle for an ambu
lance. ..'.''-
"The vehicle came very quickly.
and yet before it arrived the man
was dead, and it was a corpse that
was removed. I remarked to the
officer that the medicine had been
of no avail. 'Certainly not, senor
he answered, 'it was not medicine
I gave him, but a deadly poison.
That is the way we have to do now
to check the spread of the chol
era. Besides, the man would have
Jied anyway.' ;
"I never experienced a deeper
feeling of horror in my life am?
looked on the- policeman in thf
light of a murderer. Yet he doubt
less regarded what he had ene as?
in the nature of a disagreeable ne
cessity, and, politely bidding nif
adios, went his way." -
FAMOUS ROYAL GRAPEVINE.
Grows in the King's Gardens at Wind
sor, England, and Is 129
Years Old.
While, in these days of widely
diffused knowledge in relation to
the production of grapes, many
persons find it difficult to obtaiii
well ripened clusters from com
paratively young vines, it is ex
tremely interesting to refer to a,
great vine planted 129 years ago
and bearing a crop of some '1,000
bunches, the berries finely devel
oped and as black as sloes.
This grand old vine, says the
frardeners' Magazine, "is 'growing
in the Cumberland lodge portion of
:he royal gardens .at Windsor,
md is known as the Cumberland
odge vine. ,It is one of the de
scendants of the famous vine at
'Tampion court,' which ws plant
?d 139 years ago, and itbne oatdis
t a need its venerable parent in tii
mensions, in viror and in produc
tiveness. Occupying a great glass
structure 120 feet long by 20 foot
wide, it , spreads its.- luxurinnt
branches over a roof areu of 2,400
feet which is fully one-th-ril
greater than the area of the house
ovnpied by its venerable parent
at Ilampton court. '.'
For so large a vine 1,000 biinfb
. weighing in the aggregate
1.500 pounds, is not so heavy .:
rop, but the grapes are in every
way befitting the royal table, and
to overtax the strength of so old a
vine would be unwise.
VACATION AFTER BIG SALE.
Man in Soldier's Uniform, Claiming
to Be a Veteran, Enjoys lif e When
Wares Are Sold.
There is one person at least who
does not agree with Russell Sage
in his theory that vacation is un
necessary. A man with a wooden
eg and wearing a soldier's uni
form stood for a long time in Park
Row selling guide books and maps
of Greater New Xork to strangers
from out of town. He gained some
celebrity because of the efforts of
a policeman new to the beat to
ioust liini from his stand, relates
the New York Times. ,
.. "Sure vou're no soldier; you're
only a fake," declared the guardi
an of the peace.
"I'm a soldier all right, and
don't you forgit it. I lost me leg
in the Spanish war and I've me pa
pers to prove it," stoutly protest
ed the vendor of guide books.
Tii' bystanders at once took th--side
of the veteran who could
"show his papers," and the police
man ceased to molest tliim. He
soon disposed of all his stock in
trade to the sympathizing crowd,
and the following day .the hotly
contested spot was occupied by a
man in citizen's clothes. -
"Where's the soldier?" inquired
one jnf his yesterday's customers.;
"Oh, he's gone oh his vacation,"
was the unexpected reply of the;
substitute.
GAUGES IMPURITY IN AIR.
Clever Swiss Inventor Originates In
strument Which Tells Health
. fulness o Atmosphere. - , - .
" A clever Swiss inventor has
originated an instrument which
tells the exact condition of the air
in a room tnat is, its aegree ov
impurity, according to the Xev.
York Herald. , It is generally be
lieved that if the air in a room is
bad it will be sufficiently notice
able to the persons in the room
without the aid of any instrument:
But if one stops to remember how
quickly the suffocating odors in a
crowded room are perceived Jay a
person entering from the pure air
outside she will see that this state
of things might be remedied by
this new invention. The instru
ment .consists of an airtight glass
receptacle in which is a red fluid. J
A bent glass tube is inserted in
this and up this tube the fluid runs,
to drop at the rate of two drops a
minute on to a cord which is
stretched by a weight. This fluid
possesses the .property of chang
ing color when submitted to the
action, of carbonic acid gas. The
more of this gas there is In the
room the - more pronounced the
change in the color of the fluid.
With this fact in mind the prin ¬
ciple on which the indicator works
is easily understood. The drops
of fluid as they fall on the string
change it according to the condi
tion of the atmosphere. Should
the atmosphere be pure-the string
remains red all the way down.
Should it be slightly tainted the
top of the string appears white.
The fouler the air the longer the
white marks on the string. By the
side 6f the string runs an indica
tor, graded to show the exact con
dition of the airf The highest
point on the scale marks "pure,"
the next "passably pure," then
"bad," and from there down to
"very bad' and "extremely bad."
The instrument has been thor
oughly tested and found to work
perfectly. -
BISHOP VICTIM OF A JOKE.
Opens Gate at Bequest of Child and
Finds Hands Covered with.
Tresh Faint.
The archbishop of Canterbury,
ays the New York Times, is
known among his friends as espe
cially partial to two things chil
dren and jokes. As bishop of Lon
don he won no little of his great
influence in the slum districts be
cause of his immense popularity
with the small citizens whom he
sJT truly loved, and as for the jokes
one need but to hear the famous
prelate tell one upon himself to re
alize how keen is his sense of and
zest for humor.
Not long befpre his translation
he was one day walking in the sub
urbs of the English capital when
he chanced upon a. little girl, who
was standing looking up some
what wistfully at a four-barred
gate. "Oh, please, sir," she asked,
"will you open this gate for me?"
Smiling upon the demure maid
en, thr;. bishop lifted the latch and
pushed back the gate, but in spite
of its size it swung so easily thai:
he said: "You're such a big little
girl that I should think you could
have opened yourself so nice a
gate as this."
"Oh, I could, sir," she replied,
"but then I should have got my
hands all over fresh paint."
And then the bishop saw that
this was just what had happened
to him.
THORN TREES FOR LAWN.
Have Several Virtues to Recommend
Them as Ornaments Also Suit
able for Hedges.
More than 30 years ago an em
inent botanist called -attention
to the beauty of oury native thorn
trees and their suitability for
hedges and for lawn ornaments.
Their hardiness and graceful
shates, thick foliage and brilliant
fruit clusters all recommend them,
while the ability to .tiotms-a -ps-der
a severe pruning is an .udut-d
virtue in tLe i yes of those who de
sire formal shapes. Yet i:p to the
present time, says a v.v.ier in
Oor.r.try- Life in ;.i.aiorku, our
i-thorn trees remain the ornaments.
not. of pri vate grounds, but of way
sides and pastures; while the only
pruners . to exercise their skill
upon them are the cattle, which
eagerly browse upon the' young
shoots. Many "a pasture contains
shrubs fitted to grace a public
park and worthy of considerable
pilgrimage on the part of lovers of
the beautiful.
A Practical Joker.
The following - dispatch from
S a ttle. dated January 1 recent
ly appeared in the Journal:
1 - nee and detectives of Seat-
u i cevoting most 01 tneir
r m at the present to lookmgfor t
::VterieJ
It ' u devotinsr '.most of their
V fotions of humor who has j
sent the department on - many a
ii lit chase in the last two weeks
and also nearly driven a . score of
Seattle women to nervous pros
ttation.; Xast night this individ
ual amused himself by calling a
d ztn- of Seattle's most prominent
jhsiciatis to BollofcgV fcaioon,
1 10 James ; street, to dress the
w unds of a man who had been
stabbed by the police.
About the time the doctors
arrived with their medical: cases
five hacks drew up in front ot the
salcon to take the wounded mar
to his home. While the doctors
and hackmen were in angry dis
cussion some eight messenger
ovs tumbled into the saloon
looking for the same man t ful
fill a contract to carry a message
to his wife. Bollong appealed to
the police for aid,
1 wo days ago some jester, be
lieved to be the man who busied
himself last night, telephoned to
the residence of Samuel C. Cal-
derhead, the prominent politician
and editor of Forest Echoes, the
official organ of the Woodmen
ol the World, 'that he had met
an acHdtntal death . The familv
was prostrated by the new. An
hour later Calderhead appeared
hungry for bis dinner and found
his family weeping at his death.
Christmas eve the same indi
vidual .-sent a message to the
police tht Dr. Crooks, a prom
inent physician, had been mur
dered in the suburbs. A patrol
wagon full of police and detec
tives was sent a mil'e and a half
to investigate the case. When
they arrived they found three
dead wagons of local undertak
ing establishments searching the
neighborhood for fear ot missing
the corpse.
Friday night a telephone mes
sage was sent to police headquar
ters that there had been a murder
committed at 110 James street,
and a wagon load ot efficers was
sent there. When they arrived
there they found that the practi
cal joker had been again at work.
FACT VERSUS FANCY.
Supposition Iieads for a Tlmj, But
"Things That Are" Finally la
Allowed to Prevail. '
"What would you do," she
asked, according to the Chicago
Record-Herald, "if you had taken
me away out in the country in
your automobile and"
"But I have no" automobile."
"0,'well, we will suppose that
you have one, and that you had
taken me away out in the country
20 or 30 miles from here, and it
was . getting late, you know sun
going down behind the western!
hills and whippoorwills calling !
vand all that sort of thing and '
suddenly, when we were in a very j
lonely place, far, far from any
human habitation, it should " j
"Why, there isn't any such,
place within 20 or 30 miles of here, i
This part of the country is all
thickly settled."
"But this is simply imaginary.
We will suppose that you have
taken me away out to this lonely
spot,., and suddenly, just as it is
beginning to get dark and we were
there all alone with dense woods
on both sides of the road and
probably not another person
within miles and miles of us, the
chain breaks and we have to stop,
and"
"If I were getting an automo
bile I'd either get a chainless one
or one with a chain on each side,
so that such an unfortunate thing
as you suggest couldn't happen
to us." '.
"O, well, if you think it would
be unfortunate, let's go in the
house and talk about the outlook
for the apple crop or something
of that kind."
Matter of - "Langtli.
Hnsband (g?"
Why is it you pay Ihree times a
much for stockins as I do for
cine?, '
WL'j Ch, that's r 11 right. I
.wear ny fatockins three times as
long as r"J do. Cincinnati E-i-
auirer. ''j...-- V';
The Gazette
CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS
CLASSHTKD ABVKBTI8XMXNT8; -
Fifteen wonfc or lees, 25 eta t6r three
TOwesrfve : insertions, or 50 eta
y ,7 rr
"d J""
insertion.
v YT H advertisements om ?R word, '
per word tor the firsf ineorttnn, and
Per word for ; rh additional ipppr
Hon 'Noth?Bsr irwd for lean than 25
rnr.V '-. .'. - ' "; -
TiOdsro.- pooipfv ; and cnrol potic,
nther hr Rr?t1v rtfwn ronttor. Ul hn
ATTOPMPYP
v : vTpe "rropvpv. r t att
AUCTIONEER
P A KTrNTF. ITVV PTOPrT ArCTON
pr. CorvalHp. Or P A. TTUp T,?r.,
VhrVP No. 1. P . pHdr.ce pT 1J,
PTS hiptippf- Tir'rpo for U Vifdo of
li- poV TVerfr Tpnrn' oTTwnpnnpj.
WANTED
WA ffTFn 500 PTrpcr-PTPFFP T THFj
07FttE anrt WppVv Oroironisn at
2 55 per year.
BANKING.
TPE FTP ST NATIONAL PANIC OF
Corvatlic. Orepon, trnirts a pneral
ronperrativp haPk'ner(bviP?TPS(. Toans
motipy on arprovpH 'pprnritv. Drafts
bonsrnt and oid ap-I ttoppv TP.PPfprrpf
to the rrircipiI ritipp of tb United
Stftep, Fnropp and forpipn ponntriea.
Veterinary Surgeon
DR. F. E. JACKSON, VFTFRTNARY
Pnrgeon and Dpntipt-. Permanenllv lo
cated here.. Drv Ja"lrann in post
graduate an4 thoroppbly qpalified in
veterinnrv wort. Pee him nt OrH-
det-tal Hotel. lOUf
PHYSICIANS
B. A. OATHEY, M. D., PHYSICIAN"
audSnreeon. Rooms 14, Bank Build
ing. Office Hours : 10 to 12 a. m , 2 ta
4 p.m. .Residence: cor. 5th and Ad
ams Sta. Telephone at office and res
idence. Oorvallia. Oredron.
MARBLE SHOP.
MARBLE AND GRANITE MONTJ
daeata; curbing made to order; cleaa
ing and reparing done neatly : save
agent's commission. Shop North
Main Rt.Frank Vanhoosen, Prop, 92tf
MISCELLANY.
Cured Lttmbago.
A. B. Carnon, Chicago, writes March
4. 1803, "Havinst been troubled with
Lnmbago, at different times aud tried one
phytician after another, then different
ointments and liniment?, gave it up al-
C T linA A.st xnf
a nettle of Ballard's Snow Liniment,
which gave me almost instant relief. I
on nhoorft-illv ropommond it. Alld Will
add m' name to your list of sufferers.'"
Sold by Graham & Wortham.
STEAMER POMONA
For Portland and way points, Ieave
Corvallis Monday. Wednesday and Fri
day at 6 a. m. Albany 7 a. m. Fare to
Portland, $1.75; round trip 3 00.
H. A. Hoffmaw, AgK
103-10
Rev. Carlisle P. B. Martin, L. L. D.
Of Waverly, Texas, writes: "Of a.
morning when first arising. I often find
a troublesome collection of phlegm which
rodwef" a cough and is verv hard to die
!odg; but a small quantity of Ballard's
Horehonnd Svrno will at once dieVodge
it. and the trouble is all over. I know
of no medicine that if equal to it, and it
i- mi pleaain t -t,e. I - i rurst cor
.'i .!! !- -nuiend " t" :i 1 p rW'ns need
iig a reoit-iiv for ihr' o- inn trouhle.
S l! by (Jrsihv.ni Wi.rt' am.
Mew Attack on the Sun.
With the aid of ? 10,000 granted
by the Carnegie institution the
Yerkes observatory has sent an
expedition to Mount Wilson, near
Pasadena, California, for special
investigations of the sun, under
the personal direction of Prof
George E. Hale. A horizontal re
flecting telescope of 145 feet focal
length is to be employed to pro
duce an image of the sun 16 inches
in diameter, which will be investi
gated with a spectroheliograph of
30 feet focal length. The spectro
bpliotrranh is an instrument with
which it is possible to study the so
lar surface in light of certain se
lected wave-lengths, the other
light being shut out. Thus a pho
tograph of the aun taken with the
light emanating enly from the
calcium vapor in the photosphere
presents a very different aspect
from that taken with the light of
the hvdrogen. ,vaKf. XouthV
Companion. - ; " ' : "