CORVA
A Ji
Vol. XLH.
Corvallis, Benton Counts', Oregon, FitiDY, November 24. ivmk-.
V.
EDITOR MANNING'S ADDRESS.
County Roads a Feeder for Com
mon Carrier's Routes.
Following is a portion of a
spl-ndid address to have been de
livered yesterday by Isaac Man
ning, editor of the Statesman,
before the State Good Roads
Association now in session in
Corvallis we regret that lack of
space prevented us from giving
tb" address entire:
In a. discussion of the question
embodied in my subject it is nec
essary to consider the county
road as an independent branch of
the general cormon carrier's
route. That is, it is a branch of
the railroad or steamboat route,
and in so considering it the nec
essity of calculating the relative
proportion of the cost of trans
portation of the product of the
producer and of those things the
producer requires which should
be credited or charged fo the
country road, is evident. The
great trouble in our present
transportation system is that the
proportion of the cost of hand
ling freight and passengers on the
cc untry road or dirt road branch
of the system is excessive.
The cause and the remedy are
the proper things for discussion
in this and kindred conventions.
They are the matters at issue in
connection with this . "good
roads" movement, and every
manner that may be suggested of
developing the proper plan for
overcoming the difficulties of
transportation from the barn or
fiejd to the final market where
consumption takes place, is
worthy of consideration by those
looking for light and mode of ad
vancement. A? is the relationship of the
country to the town, the rural to
the urban, so is the wagon road
to the . railroad or navigable
waterway. We speak of rail
ways and waterways as agencies
ol development, but we must not
overlook the country road as the
original and perhaps pioneer
agency. Before railroads were
dreamed of, onr forbears devot
ed their time and talents to the
development of the country cait
or wagon road, with a view to
making it meet the requirements
ot permanency, and of utility at
all seasons of the year. Had we
not developed the railway, do
any doubt that the great national
highway that . was under con
struction from Washington to St.
Louis, Missouri, would have
been extended to the Pacific
coast, and that others ot a similar
character wculd have been built
by the national government all
over the country, with a view to
r its development? Yet the rail
way, through a rapidly develop
ing knowledge of the use of steam
power, soon relegated the nation
al highway as a route of trans
portation to the uses which have
been made of it and all other
country roads ever since that of
feeders to the many lines that
have been made to traverse this
great continent, and of the water
routes which connect with or
parallel them. The fact that
speed became the recognized
mercantile unit of value in trans
portation was the piime cause of
this, and the relegation or the
country road system to the ser
vice of feeders to the more speedy
system was but the natural result
of these conditions
The producer has ever looked
for a market for his product, and
he early realized that the market
mast valuable to him was that
one away from home, where his
product was more in demand,
and that he received better value
for it when he took the product
to the market than when he wait
ed for the market to come to
him. Perhaps in the latter case
he realized better prices occasion
ally, but more often he failed in
a market for reasons recognized
bvall,
Railways and improvement of
waterways have each worked
steadily to bring the markets
nearer and nearer the producer;
have steadily worked to the ex
tension of the production area.
Yet with it all the wagon or cart
road has continued to be the
principal element for the scatter
ment of civilizatian and of the
extension ol productive area away
from the main . routes, while at
the same time it has . been the
principal element of cost to the
producer in the marketing of his
product. Very few producers of
the raw material, that is to say,
other than of the metals, coal,
iron, etc., are so fortunately sit
uated as to be able to load their
product, their grain, hops or
wool, stock or even wood or lum
ber, in the field where produced,
or- even nearby and adjacent
thereto; the vast majority find
the distance to the depot or
wharf a rather long one. It is
evident therefore that the country
road must be depended on to take
the product to the railway or the
waterway, which acts as the
common carrier for the district,
serving as the connecting link
between the country road and the
consumer. That the railway
without the independent connect
ing branch the country road
wod therefore be an unprofit
able venture is evident. Taking
this into consideration it is easy
to understand why the railway
and steamboat and steamship
companies take so great interest
in these "good roads" conven
tions, and in the development
leagues of the country. Every
thing that enlarges the power of
the farmer to increase his pro
duction is in the interest of the
railway and other common car
rier lines, and everything that
serves to economize the hours,
that extends the power of the
farmer to accomplish things in
any way increases his productiye
ability. Thus every hour or day
of time taken from the time re
quired by the producer to .haul
his product to market increases
the productive power of that
farmer or producer by giving
him increased time on the farm.
makiag possible his increased at
tention to the farm himself. .
Increased production naturally
means increassd carriage by
transportation . routes. This
means that the railways and other
routes are thus given an impetus
that will lead through natural
channels to increased service
through the country; means in-
creased attention to the needs and
requirements of the country.
This may not have been just
exactly the policy on all the
main lines of transportation in
the past, but there is no question
that it is becoming more and
more their policy today and will
be the policy of the future..
However, as everything has its
compensating side, or its oppo
site, so has this matter of increas
ed production. While it requires
added service from the railroads,
who will question that it requires
added service from the branches,
as we are now in duty bound to
recognize the country roads to be.
Increased production means in
creased wear and tear on the
country branch lines. That they
will refuse to do their share of
the service unless the owners of
those branch lines do their part
toward maintaining them in a
good state of repair, or of puttfng
them in good repair, must be as
evident as that the railroad can
not handle the increased traffic
with the old -facilities. Here,
therefore is the work for the
stockholders and directors of the
branch system.
They must prepare to handle their
share of the business, ami ai the stock holders
in these branch lines, like those
of the main lines, want dividends, in
decreased freight expenses, the branches
must be put in proper shape, and the
stockholders will have to do as do the
stockholders ot the railway, provide the
funds before they are. earned. What is
wanted of the branch line, the country
road, is a highway that will permit the
moving of the lreight with the least poa
sible expenditure of power. The econ
omic question here ia -"cost of construct
PROPOSED FRANCHISE.
The Articles Drafted for Pre
sentation to the Council.
The City of Corvallis doss or
dain as follows:
Sec. i. That authority be
aad the same is hereby given,
granted and vested by the Com
mon Council of the City of Cor
vallis, in Benton County, Ore
gon, in A. Welch, his heirs, exe
cutors, administrators and assigns
the right, privilege and franchise
to erect, lay, equip, maintain,
construct and operate in the
City of Corvallis, in Benton
County, Oregon, including all
streets, alleys, avenues, boule
vards, and thoroughfares thereof,
posts, poles, towers, wires and
other conductors for transmission
of electricity for electric power,
electric lights and all other pur
poses for which electricity may
be or is used and to sell or other
wise dispose of electric power,
electric lights and electricity to
all-persons or corporations what
soever within - the limits of said
City of Corvallis, and to con
struct, erect and maintain in said
city all $uch buildings and ma
chinery as may be necessary or
convenient for such purposes.
Sec. 2. For the purpose of
aforesaid and for the practical
enjoyment of the said rights and
franchises the said A. Welch, his
heirs, executors, administrators
and assigns are hereby authorized
to string such wires or other con-!
ductors upon poles or other fix
tures above ground, or lay the
same under ground in pines or
conduits, or otherwise protected,
and to use such other apparatus
as may be necessary or proper to!
maintain and operate the same.
Sec. 3. Such posts, poles,
tswers or other supports shall be
placed at such points in the
streets, alleys, avenues, boule
vards and thoroughfares of said
city, and "the. wires or other con
ductors thereon strung at such
height as least to interfere with
travel and use "thereof, and the
placing of such posts, poles,
towers or other supports and the
laying of such wires or conduits
shall be subject to the control of
the Common Council of said city
as 'the public int rests may re
quire. No poles or other sup
ports above the ground shall be
hereafter placed upon Second
Street in said city between Adams
Street and Van Buren Street and
from and after the 28th day of
November, 1913, all wires main
tained under the authority ot this
franchise as well as the post-?.
poles, towers or other supports
therefor shall be removed from
such portion of Second Street.
The" City reserves and shall
have the right from and after the
ion and maintenance of a.- good public
highway versus cost of purchase of ani
mals, rolling Btoek, and maintenance
thereof, together with added time re
quired in delivery of product to market."
The question is whether it is cheaper to
maintain the wagon roads in a high state
of efficiency or to supply more power in
the shape of animals for draft purposes.
Every animal that is not a producer par
se is a drag on the farmer to the extent
of the difference between bis earning
power and his cost to keep. If two hor
ses are being kept and good roads will
make one do the work the other horse's
place may be taken in the pasture by a
cow. that will supply marketable product
every day. As it is today the average
expense in hauling over the ordinary
dirt road is about fifteen cents per ton
per mile, while the maximum in the
valley can hardly ba arrived at. - One
man with a team of two horse? can haul
about a ton over an ordinary dirt road,
but give that road a hard smooth surface
and the hauling capacity of that team is
increased wonderfully. That this will
decrease the cost of marketing the pro-
duct cannot be doubted and the only
Question is whether the decrea ed cost
will pay the shipper's quota of the cost
of improvement. Will it mean tnat tne
investment will dhv a dividend to the
stockholders? Students of the good
reads question declare that every evi
dence based on experience is that the
dividead will be Jsurpmiagl.v large to
every ; producer and every user ot the
Country road.
28th day of November, 1913, to
require that all poles or other
supports above the ground, main
tained in said city under the
authority of this franchise within
the district bounded ,by First
Street, Washington Street, Ninth
Street, and Taylor Street, or
within one hundred feet of the
bbundries ot such district, shall
be painted from time to time as
shall be necessary to keep such
poles in a reasonable sightly
condition. .
Sec. 4. It shall be lawful for
the said A. Welch, his heirs, exe
cutors, administrators or assigns
to make all needful and con
venient excavations in any of the
streets, alleys, boulevards and
thoroughfares of said City of Cor
vallis for the purpose of erecting
and maintaining the posts, poles,
towers. or other supports for the
said wires or for the purpose of
laying, maintaining and operat
ing wires and other conductors
under ground for the purpose
aforesaid or to repair and improve
such electric power or light sys
tem and to extend the same as
growth of said city or the needs
of the inhabitants thereof may
require, provided, that when said
A. Welch, his heirs, executors,
administrators or assigns, or any
other person or corporation under
the authority of this franchise.
shall disturb any of ; the said
streets, alleys, avenues, boule
vards or thoroughfares for the
purpose - aforesaid, he, it, or
they, shall restore the same to
good order and condition as soon
practicable and without unneces
sary delay, and failing; so to do
after ten day' s notice from the i
street Commissioner or Street 1
Committee of the Common Coun-!
cil of said city the said Street'
Commissioner or Street Com
mittee may place the said street, j
alley, avenue, boulevard cr j
thoroughfare in such good con
dition and recover from the per- j
son or corporation enjoying this '
franchise double the amount of
the cost thereof.
Sec. 5. None of the opera
tions, woris, erections, or exca
vations of the person or cor
poration enjoying this fanehise
shall at any time be allowed to
interfere with the sewering, grad-:
ing, paving, planking, repairing,
or altering ot any ol the streets
or alleys of said city or with any
work' ot like character under-'
taken for or on behalf of said
city in any such streets or alleys.
Sec. 6. Whenever any person
or corporation on having obtained
permission from the Street Com
mittee ot the Common Council of
said City shall desire to remove
any building or other structure
through any street of said city
with which moving the wires or
other conductors of the person or
corporator enjoying this franchise
.shall in any manner interfere the
person or corporation enjoying
this franchise shall upon twenty
Tour hours' notice from the
said btreet L-ommitte r some
member " thereof raise such wires
(Continued on second page)
Special Sale
Tiwelve and
We have a limited number of OAK DRESSERS, nicely finished, including five different
styles from which to select, that we purpose to sell at the remarkably low price of $9.75.
Come and see these before the supply is exhausted. Every one is an extraordinary bargain
and if you need a dresser, it will pay you to investigate this offer at once. ,
23:ollo23.toi-; &5 Oadv, Corvallis
EXTRA INDUCEMENTS
For the Holiday Trade
We are now comfortably located in our new and large quarters
on north Main street in the Fischer building. Our stock is
new in every line and very complete. "During the next thirty
days there will be special inducements for the public to trade
here. Unmatchable bargains in every department Come-.
Groceries, Shoes, Ladies' Dress Goods,
Even's and Children's Clothing, Dishes,
Fancy Lamps, Cutiery, Crockery, Etc.
Toys For the Little Folks
- Lay in a supply nowwhile the stock is unbroken. Bring
the little children and let them suggest what Santa Claus
shall proyide. The variety is great and prices are low.
Silyerware Free with cash purchases. Goods delivered to all
parts of the city at all hours of the day.
OSES BROTHERS
Christmas and New Year
Beautiful
Jewelry
G
The Holiday Season is near at hand time to think about your
friends. This store is full of good suggestions and we invite
you to inspect the large stock of magnificent holiday offerings.
A FIFTY DOLLAR DIAMOND RING
Some one will get. this ring for nothing next January. For
every dollar purchase you get a ticket. Ask us to explain.
E. W. S. PRATT, Jeweler and Optician.
PAYING- POSITIONS
await every young man or young lady who will thoroughly qualify
in Shorthand, Typewriting, Bookkeeping, and Knglish.
Day and Night School
Night school meets on Tuesday and Thursday evenings from 7
tu 9:30. Day school, 9 a. m. to 4 p. m. Five days a week.
. TAKES BUT A SHORT TIME.
CORVALLIS BUSINESS COLLEGE
I. E. RICHABDSON, President.
u
at Fisher's Hall
Full term $5 00. All lessons private; , positively no spectators; classes every
night,' 7:30 to 10; lentous every afternoon, 2 till 5. A complete term consists of the
following named dances: Waltz. Two-Step, Schottische, Three-Step and Five-Step.
The latest dances taught all dancers at the rate of 50 cents a lesson. The hall and
every facility mav be had for all parties of a social and private nature. Orchestra
mu-ic furnished for all occasions.. For further information inquire at the Hall of
PROF. O. RAYMOND, INSTRUCTOR .
thirteen dollar values for
$9.76
FT
Lovely
Silverware School
of Odd