RUSSIAN HOME LIFE.
'OSTRICHES NOT STUPID BIRDS.
', Eating! Sleeping and Smoking Chief
Occupation of a Head of a House. , .
The daily life of a Russian couple of
the wealthier classes is singularly reg
ular And monotonous, varying ouly
with the changing seasons. In summer
the lord of the house gets up about 7
o'clock and puts on, with the assist
ance of his valet de chambre, a simple
costume, consisting chiefly of a faded,
plentifully stained ' dre3siug gown.
Having nothing particular to do, he
eits down at the open window and
looks into the yard.
Toward 9 o'clock tea is announced
and he goes into the dining room a
long, narrow apartment, with bare
wooden floor and no furniture- but a
table and chairs. Here he finds his
wife with the tea urn before her. In
a few minutes the younger children
enter the room, kiss their papa's hand
end take their places around the table.
As this morning meal consists merely
of bread and tea it does not last long,
and all disperse to their several occu
pations. , .
The head of the house begins the la
bors of the day by resuming his seat
at the open window and having his
Turkish pipe filled and lighted by a
boy whose special function is to keep
his master's pipe in order. The house
wife spends her morning in a more
active way. As soon as the breakfast
table has been cleared she goes to the
larder, takes stock of the provisions,
, arranges the meals and gives to the
cook the necessary materials with de
tailed Instructions as to how they are
to be prepared. The rest of the morn-
. ing she devotes to her other household
duties.
i Toward 1 o clock dinner , is an
nounced and Ivanoviteh prepares his
appetite by swallowing at a gulp
wineglass of home-made bitters. Din
ner is the great event of the day. Food
is abundant and of good quality, but
mushrooms, onions and fat play rather
too Important a part In the repast, and
' the whole is prepared with little at
tention to the recognized principles of
hygiene. No sooner has the last dish
been removed than a deathlike still
ness falls upon the house. It is the
time of the after-dinner siesta.
The young folk go into the garden
and all the members of the household
give way to drowsiness naturally en
gendered by a heavy meal on a hot
summer day. Ivanoviteh retires to
his own room,, from which the flies
have been carefully expelled by bis
. pipe bearer. His wife dozes in a big
armchair in the sitting room, with a
pocket handkerchief spread over her
face. The servants snore In the corri
dor, the garret or the hay shed, and
even the old watchdog in the corner
of the yard stretches himself out a
full length on the shady side of his
kennel.
In about two hours the house grad
v ually reawakens, doors begin to creak,
the names of the various servants are
bawled out in all tones, from bass to
falsetto, and footsteps are heard In
. the yard. Soon a man servant issues
' from the kitchen, bearing an enormous
tea urn, which puffs like a little steam
engine.- The family assembles for tea
BABOONS CAUTIOUS ANIMALS.
In Spite of Their Great Strength They
Are True Conservatives.
: One of the farm boys drew our at
tention to what seemed little more than
a couple of dark specks on the slope
of the hills to the right, says a writer
In . the Youth's Companion, but . we
could soon see that they were moving,
and when they came within half a mile
of us we could distinctly recognize
them as a herd of baboons.
The boy said he was quite sure they
were on their way to the water, but to
our surprise they did not' make any
advance. A quarter of an hour elapsed
half an hour; still no sign of their ap-
; proach. All at once, as If they had
started from the earth by magic, at the
open end of the pond, not sixty yards
from our place of ambush,stood two
huge males.
When or how they got there no one
could tell. Probably they had come
by a circuitous way through the val
ley, or it might be that they had
crept straight down through the grass.
They had certainly eluded our observa
tion. ..
Being anxious to watch the move
ments of the animals and to ascer
tain whether they belonged to the herd
playing under the mimosas, I refrained
from firing and determined to see what
'Field Marshal the Marquis Oyama, chief of the general staff and commander-in-chief
of the Japanese army, Is one of the few generals of modern
times who may claim to rank among the giants of war who have led troops
in the field. The English call him the Wellington of Manchuria, which is
the highest praise they 'can bestow upon any commander, but in European
capitals, strategists, amazed by the boldness of a campaign now crowned
with complete success, style him the Napoleon of the Orient It Is certain
that no general, fighting against a worthy enemy, has achieved so unbroken
a series of victories; that none has conceived a more stupendous plan of
campaign to execute It so successfully; that none has exceeded the gigantic
feat of driving from stronghold to stronghold and finally enveloping a force
as big as the army of General Kuropatkln.
The Marquis Oyama, who is 62 years old, was educated in France, and
served in. the Franco-Prussian War as an attache. Up to the time he made
his report oh that conflict the Japanese army, which was only in its begin
ning as a modern force, was being trained on the French - model. After his
return home this system gave way to that of the Prussian, and this in turn'
has been greatly improved by Japanese originality and by the adoption of
what is best and most useful In the other armies of the world. Later In
life Oyama again traveled extensively In Europe, absorbing the ideas of the
military systems, and once more in Japan threw himself Into recasting the
whole military system, winning the appreciation and favor of the Emperor
and of Field Marshal the Marquis Yamagata.
To Marquis Oyama among others belongs the glory of creating the Jap
anese army inside of thirty years. Nor was his genius confined to the Min
istry of War, as he stood for a space at the head of the navy, and also as
Minister of Education when the transition of the new world Power wa
completing.
A queer compound of ugliness, wit, strength and Oriental cunning, the
Marquis Oyama has an enormously receptive mind. He Is a rapid and deep
thinker, and not only attracts, but molds those about him 'to any set purpose
with Napoleonic directness, although with admirable and characteristic Jap
anese grace. While not a tall man in any sense, he is a shade above the
average Japanese in height, with a strong head apparently placed upon
I Immense shoulders without the Interposition of a neck. He Is a linguist, as
are most of the Japenese officers, an advantage not possessed In the same
proportion in any other military or naval service in the world. Smallpox
has pitted his round, brown face, but his ugliness is relieved by a pair of
tnagnetlc black eyes, which twinkle with, humor, or squint when their own
er is deep in thought. ' -
The first real war experience in which he was an actor came in the civil
war in Japan, in which the Satsuma revolt was suppressed, but fame came
to him In the Chino-Japanese War, ten years ago. As a strategist and com
mander he .there achieved distinction which has been heightentd by his
wonderful work in the present Manchurian campaign. He was the captor of
Port Arthur which he took from the Chinese garrison in a morning. Rus
sian cartoonists have ridiculed him for' ten years, making little of his vic
tory, the fruits of which Russia and the Powers were to prevent the Jap-,
anese from enjoying. ,
Marquis Oyama has a. memory for these things, and his command in the
field against Russia was assured before war broke out For a time he eat at
home, advising and directing General Kuroki, as became the chief of. the
general staff under the Japanese system. When the right moment arrived,
the Marquis moved into the field, where he has since remained personally
directing a campaign unexcelled In brilliancy by any of which history tells.
Story that They Hide Their Head
Whan Frightened Base Slander.
' There"aW many (.gia"nts- Jn Af rica"B
feet' high, ; Some of them' weigh 300
pounds and lare jstrong enough to kill
a panther at one blow. Perhaps you
think such big fellows must be clumsy, . '
but they are not They can run faster
than any horse, spring 12 to 14 feet at
a leap. This all sounds like a fairy
story, 'says a writer in the Cincinnati
Commercial-Tribune, but not so when
you hear that these African giants are
ostriches.
Perhaps you have been told some
foolish stories about these birds that
when pursued they stick their heads in
the sand and because they cannot see
Imagine that no one can see them.
This is base slander. Instead of be
ing stupid, ostriches are very cunning.
Their long legs will take them away
from men unless they have their fam
ilies to protect. Then all is different
The papa ostrich sends mamma ostrich
and the baby ostriches off at full
speed, while he runs" the other way.
What do you think be does next? He
rolls on the ground, pretending to be
hurt The hunter rushes toward the
fallen bird, thinking he can easily
catch him, mentally counting how
much money he can make out of the
splendid tail feathers which adorn the
bird's talL V
After the papa ostrich thinks his . ;
family has got a good start, up he .
Jumps and skims over the ground, leav
ing the disappointed hunter to think
that the ostrich is not as silly as he has
been led to belief.
A singular thing about ostriches is
the way they bring up their little ones.
To begin with, there are a good many
eggs in the nest (dug out of the hot
sand), but the eggs are of different
mothers. Ostriches do not lay eggs
every day. Being far apart they would
not hatch together. When the nest is
prepared all the female ostriches In the
neighborhood are invited to contribute
an egg apiece, the hostess returning
the favors in due time.
Ostrich eggs are delicious. One
weighs three pounds, or Is equal to a
dozen of a hen's. They are very con
venient too, for the hunters In the
desert They not only furnish a de
lightful meal, but a dish to cook it in.
The shell Is hard and thick and the
egg Is set on the fire, a hole is broken
in the top, it is stirred with a stick and
when It is done the saucepan serves a
a dish as well.
RISE OF A POOR BOY.
Ieft a Fortune of Fifty Million Sallars
When He Died.
Meyer Guggenheim, of Philadelphia,
who died in Palm Beach pf pneumonia
recently, aged 78, was another exam-
pie of the possiblll
l ties of youth in the
.1 1 L V. fill H. . UC
came to our shores a
$ poor boy; he ' died
1 leaving $50,000,000
4 as an inheritance (or
his children.
Mr. Guggenheim
was a Swiss Hebrew,
born in 1827, In 1846
with his family he
it. guggerheim. galled for - America,
settling in Philadelphia, then a city of
160,000 people. ; Young Guggenheim
began business selling stove polish.
He made a little money and then he
tried embroidery. A small store was
opened; a larger one followed. In the
pend the limb with a weight attached,
in order to keep the extension perfect
at ' all times and to prevent- at the
same time, any Inadvertent or inten
tional twisting or turning of the limb
due to restlessness or fatigue. In most
cases the surgeon is compelled to ex
ercise his ingenuity in devising a home
made rig for the purpose, so that the
simple' arrangement shown in the 11-
mAanimA Vi nnV Vl H if mlnlnor In
nvuiu luuun 1IUU i .17 1 il UaUUUilS 1 -i . ,. .. . 1, .
sprang toward the water, andV leaning
down, they drank until they were sat-,
isfled. Then, having gravely stretched
themselves, they . solemnly stalked
away on all fours in the direction of
the herd, i There was little doubt
therefore, that they belonged ' to the
herd and had been sent forward to re
connoiter, for as soon as they got back
the entire herd put itself in motion to
ward the pond.
. There were mothers taking care of
their little ones; there were half -grown
animals, the boys and girls of the
company. At first only one baboon at
a time came to the water's edge, and,
having taken its draft retired to
the rest but when about ten had thus
ventured separately, they began to
come in small groups, leaving the oth
ers rolling and jumping on the sand. .
An Obstinate Stand.
"The trouble with you," said the
ntusleal enthusiast' "Is that you do not
understand classical, music."
. "Perhaps," answered Mr. Oumrox.
"But I refuse to be regarded as a man
of inferior intelligence until I find
some one who i competent to prove
that he understands it" Washington
. Star, ' ' '" " ,- ' --'."7
A man can feel in his pockets at any
time and bring out a little ball of fuz.
ter this field. He was very successful.
Smelting the ore being very expensive,
he had a son learn the business, and
then he began buying smelters as fast
as his profits would permit In the
meantime he made big profits from
selling Swiss embroideries, handling
only the most expensive kinds. . He
sold this business out to continue the
erection of smelters, several of which
were placed in the mining States of the
West, in" Mexico and in South Ameri
ca. These properties yielded a profit
all the way from $4,000,000 to $10,000,
000 a year. When1 the smelting trust
was formed Mr. Guggenheim declined
to join, but later he did and was chos
en president of this very powerful or
ganization.
Deceased was very methodical In his
habits and his expenditures. He kept
track of his annual expenditures and
found to within a very short time ago
he had expended $9,300,000. This did
not Include his gift of $250,000 for an
addition to the Jewish Hospital of
New York, nor a like sum to a similar
institution In Philadelphia.
'.--'"Sr.. .
MECHANICAL LEG-PULLER.
- -
MECHANICAL LEG-PULLER.
Weil-Known Device of the Surgeon in
f Fracture Treatment.
Occasionally in the surgical treat
ment of deformities of the limbs, as In
cases of fracture, it Is necessary to sns-
musicians, made a tour through the
principal streets of the city. The com
poser, Eysler, performed' the duties of
organ-grinder, while the others sung a
repertoire which inoluded such well-
known songs as "Geh, Mach Dien Fen-
ster Auf" ("Go, Open Your Window"),
Kussen 1st Keine Sund" ("Kissing Is
No Sin") and "Jetzt Spielt's Uns an
Tanz" ("Now They Play and Dance
for Us").
The incognito of the celebrated band
remained undiscovered and the day's
takings" aggregated a paltry 68 kreut-
zers (about 1 shilling 2 pence), which
they laughingly divided among them
selves. Their previous doubt as to the
ability of the public to judge of the
value of art unassisted by theatrical
effect have now given way to settled
conviction. But nevertheless, it would
have been interesting to find out what
the day's takings would have amount
ed to had the quartet openly announc
ed themselves as the. leading lights of
the Austrian musical world. Doubtless
the man in the street, even in Vienna,
does not look for talent in the streets.
lustration, which is portable and can
be used repeatedly, will come as - a
boon to the medical fraternity. A sim
ple frame of finished lumber is set up
and attached to the foot of the bed
stead. A window frame would be as
effective as anything else for the pur
pose. A pulley bracket is attached to
this frame, and provision is made for
increasing or decreasing 'the amount of
traction applied to the limb by adding
additional weights, the pull being
transmitted by a rope to the limb in a
conveniently s"hapeu pair of splints.
NOTED ARTISTS SING IN STREETS
Vienna Stage Celebrities Test Public's
Judgment of Music
A merry quartet of performers made
an interesting experiment in the streets
of '. Vienna, says' the New Orleans
Times-Democrat, In order to see with
their own eyes how the general public
would appreciate the highest artistic
talent if it were exhibited in the open
street unannounced and unadorned.
Miss Gerda Walde, prima donna of
the Vienna stage; Louis Treumann, the
popular comedian of the Carl Theater
Edward Eysler, the composer, and Al
fred Deutsch-German, the playwright
arrayed In the garb of ordinary street
thing to raise his name from the dead
level of a commonplace party hack.
As an absentee landlord, he stands for
a system which has been the bane of
Ireland; and as an opponent to all
concessions to Ireland he has. already
invited the hostility of the Irish peo
ple. Instead of being. a strength he
is a weakness to the Balfour ministry,
which is rapidly tottering to Its fall.
IRELAND'S NEW 8ECRETARY.
Representative of Land System Which
Is Abhorrent to Irish. .
The ' Balfour cabinet has not
strengthened itself by the appoint
ment of the .successor to George
Wyudham, who
has resigned the
chief secretaryship
of Ireland. Wynd
ham resigned be
cause his policy,
which favored a
wider -extension of
government pow
ers to the Irish
people, was repu-
diated by the
walteb long. House oi Com
mons as well as by the cabinet and
naturally his successor was selected
because of his opposition to such pol
icy. And that is for what Walter
Long, the new secretary, essentially
stands. He is one of . Ireland's ab
sentee landlords and Is resolutely op
posed to all concessions to Irish feel
ings. "- He is a man of mediocre abil
ity, without one atom of distinction of
any kind. For a score of years he has
sat In parliament but never "did any-
kvmtrrt(tffi,iFm,tm,..t
Ymm ,
It Paid to Advertise.
The most refractory among , dumb
beasts may sometimes be won by per
sistent kindness. It is also evident that
the obstinate of the human species
rnqy be influenced by an assault of hu
mor.
Phil May, the English artist "of
most dear memory," had promised to
do a colored design for the Christmas
number of an illustrated weekly pub
lication. The date fixed on for its de
livery passed by, and no design had
been forthcoming. . f .
Letters and telegrams were unan
swered,- and when a messenger was
sent to May s house It appeared that
he had gone to Paris without leaving
any address. This, according to M.
A. P., is what happened next:
The publishers were at their wits'
end, but one of them, paying a day's
visit to Margate, was overjoyed to see
May basking in the sunshine by the
water. The publisher did not make
himself known, but calmly ascertained
where May was staying. Then he
hired six sandwich men to parade up
and down before the artist's window,
with boards bearing different legends.
This was their tenor:
"What about our Christmas cover?"
"We are waiting for.Nthat cover." ,
It was a delightful reminder, and in
a few days the publishers received one
of the most brilliant designs May had
ever executed.
Ways and Means. ,
The first time Billings married
Was in his salad days; ' .
He loved a maid because, he said,
She had such charming ways.
The second time, grown wiser, ..
He shunned the social queens,
To ' a widow's charms laid down . hit
arms - ' T '
She had snch ample means.-
Cleveland Leader.
No, Cordelia, painting tne town red
isn't one of the cardinal virtues.
When a farmer plants his wheat in
the fall he doesn't expect a harvest in
a week or a month. When you give
an order for a ten-story office build
ing you don't go around to the site
the following day and expect to find a
complete building.
The farmer knows he must wait un
til the seasons and the chemicals of
the earth work their changes, and you
know that your building" must proceed
by gradual stages, brick upon brick.
until finished.
So it is with advertising. The first
insertion does not influence the public
mind, nor the last, but one added to
the other, every one gathering strength
from those that precede it gradually
influence the public mind and bring
to your bank the business you desire.
A single week or a month of adver
tising is merely a blow or two of a
cork against a bar of steel. Its effect
is absolutely nothing. It is money and
effort wasted, but the continuous, per
sistent hammering, week after week,
month after month, is just as sure to
start the pendulum of business swing
ing your way as day is to follow night
UNCLE SAM VALUES HER.
Miss Kstelle Keel Is His Highest Paid
Woman Employe.
The highest paid woman in the
United States government service is
Miss Estelle Reel, who is superintend
ent of all the In
dian schools. She
Is : very handsome
and distinguished
looking, and . not
much over 30 years
of age. Though she
has- headquarters
at the Indian bu- '
reau In " Washing
ton, most of her
time is spent in
estelle bf.el. traveling about all
over the country, her task being to im
prove the management of and the edu
cational methods adopted In the day
schools, boarding schools, kindergar
tens and other establishments main
tained by Federal authority for train
ing the minds and bodies of our youth
ful aborigines. Miss Reel's power in
such affairs is well-nigh absolute, and
she has instituted many important re
forms in the schools. Her pay is $3,000
a year plus traveling expenses, anj
she earns the money. - : .
Just a liittle Slap.
Tess I. thought you weren't going
to send Marie Maclnnes an invitation
to your tea?
jess Oh! I decided that I couldn't
hurt her feelings that much.
Tess So you sent her one?
jess Yes, but I addressed It to
"Miss Mary McGinnis.". Philadelphia
Press. '''.. , " ;.
If a woman is young she alwaya
get considerable wear out of a gar
meht before the bill cornea in.