Corvallis gazette. (Corvallis, Benton County, Or.) 1900-1909, December 09, 1904, Image 6

Corvallis gazette., December 09, 1904, Page 6, Image 6

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Newspaper Page Text(J PRESIDENT'S JESSAGE Text of Paper Delivered to 58th Congress. CAUTIONS AGAINST EXTRAVAGANCE factor In eTery Wm, of work, of head or' per tobicco 1 Jtauft and th, ffltar to-, n . . will b. easily and rapidly ac- hand, must bo the man's own rood sense.. courage and kindliness. More Important than any legislation la the gradual growth of a feeling of responsibility and forbearance among capitalists and wageworkers alike; a feeling of respect on the part of each man Irrigation, Forests, Public Lands, Alaska and Oar Island Possessions Re ceive Dae Consider ation. The followine is the text of the mes sage of Fre.-ident Eo. sevelt to the 58th congress : To the Senate and House of Representatives: The Nation continues to enjoy notewortny prosperity. Such prosperity is. of course, pri marily due to the high individual average or ... iti..i,i ..i,,. tncpthw with our great natural resources; but an important factor therein is the working of our long-conunueu .governmental policies. The people have em nktiK.iii STnrsouH their sDDroval of the prin- .,nd.,ivii,. ihpse rjolictes. and their a.i tt... nrini-inipii be kept substan tially unchanged, although, of course, applied In a progressive spirit to meet cnausmi. The enlargement of scope of the functions of the National Government required by our develonment sa nation involves, of course. Increase of expense; and the period of pros- among you, asking your good perlty through wnicn me coumrj ,.-... couragement. i t win w onlv a Question of I cessible. time when the large amounts paid to these Second The ' reserves themselves, being countries will be paid to our own people. The handled from the point of view of tho man reclamation of alkali lands is progressing, in the field. Instead of the man In the office, to give object-lessons to our people in meth- will be more easily and more widely useful ods by which worthless lands may be made to the people of the West than has been the .... .a.ii n- r hnuil I nroductlve. I case nltnerxo. community of Interest, not merely of capital- The Insect friends and enmles of the farm- Third Within acomparatlvely short time lata- among themselves, and of wageworkers er are getting attention. The enemy of the tn reserves will become self-supporting. This among themselves, but of capitalists and San Jose scale was found near the Great lmportant. because continually and rapld- wageworkers in their relations to each other, r a" oi "u ' , , Z.,. imi I ly . .L and of both In their relations to their rei- our ununn. .ue us-m.u ...... ..YiiVh . . V, , " ' lows, who with them make up the body pol- ported from Turkey has helped to establish lmportant interest of the Nation, and they ltlc There are many captains of Industry, an Industry In California that amounts ts an and should be offset by returns from the many labor leaders, who realise this. A from 50 to 100 tons of dried figs annually. Natlonal forests. Under similar circum- recent speech by the president or one or our " " ; - - - ' --- great railroad systems to the employes of parasitic fly from South Africa is keeping nations form an Important source of revenue that system contains sound common sense, in subjection the black scale, the worstpest to thelr governments. It runs In part as follows: of the orange and lemon industry in v-au- Every administrative officer concerned is "It Is my belief we can Better serve eacn i xornia. convincea or tne necessity wr me pniiius other better understand the man as well asl Careful preliminary work is being aone i consondatlon of forest work In the Depart . . . '. i a.i a a r a aa a -a y I towards nrodupinz our own silk. The mui- !,.. a.- a xt-1 nnlturo mil T mvself have urs-ed changing views, and realizing from personal berry Is being distributed in large numbers, I u more than once in former messages. Again . . ... .. aa.t. . aa a inToraar mat at i eKKS nre uemic liiiiiui lcii buu i a nmmnnn it in Tne hhdv m ii t . i a v 1 1 1 au.c provea reels were imirieu . Sf deration or tne congress, xne lmeresia w bamssea the judicial office In Alaska. States or had Invited foreign, aggression to. I also recommend that the salaries of the the detriment of the entire body ox Amen District Judges--and District. Attorneys in can nations. It la a mere truism to say Alaska be Increased so aa to make them that every nation, whether in America or equal to those received by corresponding of- anywhere else, which desires to maintain fleers In the United States after deducting its freedom, its independence, must ! the difference in the cost of Uving; that the mately realise that the right of such Inde District Attorneys should be prohibited from pendence cannot be separated from the re engaging in private practice; that United sponsibility of making good use of it. States Commissioners be appointed by the Tne strong arm of the Government in en Governor of the territory Instead of by the Iorcms respect for Its Just rights In Inter District Judges, and that a fixed , salary be n3,tional matters Is the Navy of the United provided for them to take the place of the states. ; I most earnestly recommend that discredited "fee system." which should be there be no halt In the abolished In all offices; that a mounted con- j The Navy. work of upbuilding the- stabulary be created to police the territory American Navy. There- outstde the limits of incorporated towns a is no more p atriotlc dutybefore us as . vast section now wholly without police pro- people than t0.kP,Nj adequate to. tection: and that some provision be made the "dsrf thlsco u P'tl "cll W to at least lessen the .StiSS secure rourv., our costs that now attend the prosecution of ap- ; share in the trade of the Orient. "We.. peals from the District Court of Alaska. av undel.taken to protect our citlsens from There should be a division of the existing lmproper treatment in foreign lands. W 'judicial districts, and an Increase in the , contjnue steadily to insist on the application numDer of judges. . ! of the Monroe Doctrine to the Western .hmiM t-vA - ruit lii the Con- Hemianhere. Unless our attitude in these- nar-i gress. Where possible, the Congress should and all similar mattei Is to be a mere "r I r, . . . - w-s-nn hnnstfui sham we can not afford to aban- "In my early business life I had experience I pie. with men of affairs of a character to make - 1 .n CLiriA nmoHn. o Mir. fn.ll n ir rf t TT1 PT1 f resentment to myself and the Interests In my to accuracy every year. It has 250.000 re charge, should fortune ever place me in au- porters selected from people in eight voca- " i - - . . . . - r.. : frrDVQ where nnsssihlp the coneress snouia ana an similar raoucr- u m uo ' Serious misunderstanalngs cannot occur m year, ana two . " "i the Nation at large ana or me west in ..- iV7 f needed waeon : boastful sham we can not afford to aban where nersonal s;ood will exists and opportu- orougnt to wasmngton to reei m ticular have Buttered greatly oecause or me .r r" ... - . - ,,- naval nrosrramme. Our voice Is now nity fo? personal explanation is present. cocoons and teach the art to our own peo- delay roads. AQamona. ivntoosse. potent for peace, and Is so potent because wo ID. I. . . s i m XI -.-n-a aa-nin I - " " - - , . ? a A WT DTrO 1 fl fT WBf HUE OUr III11LHNIM1 The cro-reporting system of the Depart- - V '"rt SS" rmmendatlorof the Com- Portant would neither recelv. .ent of Agriculture is being brought closer to the report and recommendation oi ine feaslDle the construction of a trunk , n deserve the sUghtest attention- if we. , K i line ot railway iu vuuucvt v. w. FubUc Lands. Lands, forwarded ty with the Tukon River through American ter- Z-"V Trr Zl Jn "JS&rmEZ --.Jt SSvSUS? XvS -e of rrUoW. shall homaybe warred of estimate, sothat our people may kno w , -d o " l)y l lie laiiness niiu. kuuu icuu w ou.u uu w-w - " - I nnw In on flflvanrpfl sta&re OZ Dreparniiw"- . . compete 7 " many aiirerent streams, so us 10 buio .. T-..i au hnf iavn inT)sea i The nrosrress or tne inaians iowu.ru ut oo not reel i am a.sposea to ?r,o "'.Itton'act tlon. tWrt not rapid. 13 perhaps all unreasonaDie requests, spena me muuej i """"s0 - r " 11", .- Z ..i .he rircum- "r " , . T" r . - , .1,- ii ...(.1 volii. 1 ranM nrn.rpca hna heen mfldfl in tne BUI- coum uv uuireu lui. " w' ' . . I hlhiten on Certain OI tne rivei uw c i... our cumimuj uimCAiu, ..... '" - TiMthin the nast vear many trmes . t.... hn Hv. .Imost -e-eivel nnr exnent the davs or mistaKes- are veys ana examinations oi iu uik""" -- - : .l a mass ui umac disappearing, or that cause for complaint for reclamation in the 13 states and three have shown, in a degree ' greate. "relation exclusively on fish. A;i...ii -a- lmi to -orreot territories of the arid West. Construction before, an appreciauon Alaskan natives are kindly, intelll- he rtAA ' to better has already been be- Indians. ot tne necess.ur ui anxious to learn, and willing to work conditions as fast as reasonably may be ex- Irrigation. gun on the largest and w .V. n rehtiv Those who have come under the influence pected. constantly striving, with varying sue- m?"f lm?rifi.i! rSiV"of reducing the" amount of subsist- of civilization eyenfor . .limited per.oa cess, for tnat improvement we an aesire. iu irrigation worKs, aim iii" -- Tnn-ns j thus foreinir them. 1 nave provea tneir capnunnj u. u. " convince you there Is a force at work In the pleted for works which will utilize the funds -nee to be Indians d ts forcing w. self.upporUngt self respecting citizens and right direction, all is the disposition corps-or engineers seiecfo tnrougQ . 't -d 4h a fn t.nderstandlng of the Others living ere Is a force at work In the pleted for works which will utilize the funds ence to the 1-. for I Uvelil self-supporting, self-respecting citizens, and all the time making progress now available. The operations are being l?'?1 a useful ask only for the Just enforcement of law tion with which I have come carried on by the Reclamation Service, a hood. The Poucyi ' """en fve- d and lnteiHgent instruction and supervision. .inr vnnr rood will and en- corns-of engineers selected through competl- one. not it is to De exerciseu u j nther living in more remote regions, prim- tt - Alvil..rrvI. -xamlnations. This corps rnent ana wun a run 1" ,h" .171 h,,ntera and fisher folk, who Justifies expenditures for permanent Improve- ,.Tne day hag gone by wn.n a corporatlon Includes, experienced consulting and con- mch 1? is mtnded On or near the Indian know only the life of the woods and the i ran oe nana fn Riiootssrii 1 1 v m aeiitiiicc ut i su uuuiik chkiiicci a o.s . 4.1 cno vorv lirri ae i waters, are ua.11 v uciiik juiii.. w - would be wise in K,i- Tm win ho nnrea- nrta n mofrmntrnl nnd le&ral matters, and wuwub . 1 , AitriiiTotinn with nil of its complex! . . . auvi wasi- cvoa lliuugll t,asa. w -- i s- " - " - w maUQ ZOr IS DO BTlfl II. 1(10 XHUlotllS a fcw I ui.u J tiuauuuu, - - hard times. "Jf" sonable and wrong. A public may be led. is composed largely of men who have spent living and when work cannot be ties. Their country is being overrun by nhioa and forts, public .... . . . - - with tt I .-.t tk.i. nve. in nmntli-al afFairs con- I . '""w . . r.. . .1 a .i-,hte-ed and driven hiii ih Insrs and improved "i V -.Iu hV rohlems rurnlsnea from outsiae iwnicn is ..r,"V:V . .h and V in, .k..ij hel anu snape or mouny in a meaouic ra " ii..8oi.Uu. v; erable) then it must be rurnisnea Dy tne uuv away, tne streams uciik. - -- ian...r. e Investments which should Del . . . . VAa-lnero I i Isaaa baL.a en it nnv remains to I 7 .. . . .. . .L . i.iaa I . . . . . , aaa a.a1 i..s. hroneht - . hndant ramer man oe swept iruiu -- . . C L eminent. f ractlcal instruction or tuis nitnerto uiuuiuwu -.uun.. , " made when we have the money, out &d unuani wUh logg myself and tn. interests In my execute with care, economy, and thorough- wouId tn a (ew years -.-uit jn the forming to them, all of which combine to produce a "u "" 7.v,iid he cnarge. ness tne worn, wnicn. dm ujcu i " Cf habits of regular Industry, wnicn wouia state of abject poverty ana warn, wuwu extravagance, and constant care r'u" "J "Violent prejudice exists toward corporate important details are being carefully con- .. th Indian a Droducer and would effect result in their extinction. Action in their activity and capital today, much of it found- sidered by boards of consulting engineers, a greSLt r-duction in the cost of his main- interest is demanded by every consideration ed In reason, more in apprehension, ana i seiectea ior tneir tnorougn mio"itto , tenance. I of justice and humanity. Iaaa .aaa..a Ia i.,a a .he personal traits I nranttoal experience. Bach Droject is taken! ... . I .... . " t. V. 7 T .... T j I'" " .v. .,AA v... men and -in tne r-ostomce Department xne service i The needs or tnese people are. nf arhitrnrv nnrensnnahle. incomrietent and nn on the ground by competent men ana . jui... ... . -.rcatem 7 r , ' . ..",, nhe . ; a (u. .(..jmi.i r.f the -reation nas mcreasea in emciency, aim i;uuuil." i xne aDoution ot mt vicacuw -, offensive men in positions of authority. The viewed from the standpoint . of I the as to revenue and expenditure continue sat- whereby the native is degraded, imposed . . . .... a i-nt te accompnsnment or results Dy lnairecimu, ot proaperouo iiumc-, -jit-.".i-"j I i.h.t ti.. ia,aooa a -ev-onne durine AA t-A.,t the initiation of law. our moaern civnizea me, uj - . .i . ,i intentinn if not the inr tn the Treasury the cost of construction. " ".r " J" - Caution Against ISxtravagance. taken to guard against unnecessary Increase or the ordinary expenses of government. The cost ,of doing Government business should be regu lated with the same rigid scrutiny as the cost of doing a private busines. In the vast and complicated mecnanism i UVui SSrWylw?n"S IS Tlfe lreCTaemat,rn f has been found to b'e - P JgU The establishment of JV-jl Capita, and Lbor. "d . oj rsposSlothhoT wis' dS T Its proonsttra f HS"Svi fe VWS ganlzed labor toach SSKS"- KCCrrI r'SSSSS -oe ''3! fhe'7nfmm options of family life oir of the claimant and his indisposition to be- the fact that funds must ultimately be re- " exneidftures wL a total appropri- tutlon over great areas. Peculiar' m TgoTernmenh its ehar? come involved in litigation has created a turned to be used over again ttaj. hm .uaSon The development ,t the educational system, division of authority between the Nation and sentiment harmful In the extreme and a dis- It is the cardinal principle of the forest- and extenslon of the rural free-delivery In the form of practical training in such the several states has been on the whole position to consider anything fair that gives reserve policy of this Administration that 8ervlA- whlch was an Increase of 4,902,- Industries as will assure the Indians self far more advantageous to our development gain to the Individual at the expense of the the reserves are for 237.35 over the amount expended for support under the changed conditions in than a more stronelv centralized govern- company. Forests. use. Whatever Inter- th, purpose In the which they will have to live. ment. But It Is undoubtedly responsible for "If corporations are to continue to ao tne . feres with the use or Postal Service. preceding fiscal year. Th dutlea of the office of the Governor much of the difficulty of meeting with ade- world's work, as they are best fitted to. their resources is to be avoided by every large as this expend!- should be extended to Include the supervl- ouate legislation the new problems presented these qualities In their representatives that possible means. But these resources must ture ha De,n the beneficent results attained , f Indlan affairs, with necessary assist- by the total change In Industrial conamona imve . ... ...... -- - V "0"" " m extending tne free aistriDution oi muii antg ln different districts. tie snoum u on this continent during the last half cen- against them must be relegated to the DacK- permanent. ... to the residents of rural districts have Drovlded with the means and the power to tury. In actual practice It has proved ex- ground. The corporations must come out The forest policy of the Government is ju-tln-d the wisdom of the outlay. Statis- rotA-t and advise the native people, to f ur- ceedlngly difficult, and ln many cases lm- Into the open and see and be seen. They Just now a subject of vivid public interest u broUght down-to October 1, 1904. show medlcal treatment in time of epidem- possible. to get unanimity of wise action must take the public Into their confidence throughout the West and to the people -of that on that date there were 27.138 rural . d t extend material relief in periods among the various states on these subjects, and ask for what they want, and no more, the United States In general. The forest re- rout- established, serving approximately , famlne and extreme destitution. From the very nature of the case, this is and be prepared to explain satisfactorily serves themselves are of extreme value to 12,000,000 of people ln rural districts re- i1aakan natives shouid be given the especially true of the laws affecting the what advantage will accrue to the public the present as well as to the future welfare mote from p-stoffices. and that there were Ta '""hold and dispose of prop- mPp.oymyent of capital in huge masses. If the, -are : given thol, they oi . he estern puhlh3-Iad sta es They ? , petitions for the tHamfc less as W th regard' trUbor.hrVobTem Is no a"r. p.'rmlit4 to exist not that" they may powerfully affect the use and disposal of Tahuthm.nt" of new ru7al routesTunaues- erty upon the Le'Ti vUge of cmzenshT; ss Important, but It Is simpler. As long make money solely, but that they may ef- the public Jands. They are of special lm- tionably some part of the general Increase In inhabitants, and tne privi ege i the states retain the primary control of fectively serve those from whom they de- portance because they preserve the water receipts u due to the Increased postal fa- .ucn a. may be abie supply and the supply of timber for domestic cUltlAS wblCh the rural service has afforded. Hawaii and Porto Rico. . ii i AiAA.imA.enAAA must he rive their nower. aI.aaa.Kaa Aveme whleli renulre interfer- "Publicity, and not secrecy, will win here- purposes and so promote settlement undei Tho revenues have also been aided greatly 1 i... .aa C.J...1 o.,thA.ities whether in after, and laws he construed by their intent the reclamation act. Indeed, they are es- . .jt in the clnsslflcation of mail the way of safeguarding the rights of labor and not by their letter, otherwise public sential to the welfare of every one of the matter and the curtailment of abuses of . .a ,., .eeino. that wrnncf Is not utilities will be owned and operated by the great interest of the West. I t1- ...h..1s.i mstiinir nrivileee. The aver- done bv unruly persons who shield them- public which created them, even though Forest reserves are created for two prrn- increase in the volume of mall matter "' . . . i I t . . , .11 I . aaa V. a Aeei.lt I aIaaI n..AnABAa nha A.nt la tn n.ooori'n the I ... . . ... . wi . . J .1 selves behind the name or laDor. n mere tne servicte oe iraa u.. Vu.iuoca. . - Ior tn peri0d oeginnmg witn iswi aim enu- ts resistance'to the Federal courts. Interfer- less satisfactory from a financial stand- water supply. This Is their most Important lng June 1905 (that portion for 1905 being ence with the malls, or interstate commerce, point." use. The principal users of the water thus estimated), is 40.47 per cent, as compared - molestation ot Federal property, or ir The Department or Agriculture nas grown preservea are irrigation rancnera aim with 25.46 per cent for the period immeai the state authorities In some crisis which into an educational institution with a fac- tiers, cities and towns to whom their mu- ateIy preceding, and 15.92 for the four-year they are unable to face call tor neip. men uny oi -in iwiuu '"""'"s . - I period immediately preceaing iimi, the Federal Government may interfere; out "etv anNndlreV 000! 3 tnT of w. 5.. - for domestic The growing Importance of the Orient as a thougn sucn inierierence u.jr ..v.- 7,; ... "i :: .IT.. ". "i". ,j ,.. nn.. Held for American exports drew rrom my by a condition of things arlsmg out or trou ' """'t' ? ZZ7 ' the predecessor. President McKinley. an urgent n "v and the Confess, through which the hie conneciea witn some uc-i.v... i . request tor its special i thoiie-ht of the Nation . . .. . .,,, ..,..! hi,., the form reaches every state forest reserves. . . . . ... I tnougnt or me XMation me .n we. e.. r.""r.V .h- .- .ri.rv in theTTnlon and the Islands The second reason for which forest re- oriental ..ir.ei-. cer.u Foreign Policy. finds Its expression, Of restoring ' """ U. ..;,v nnder our fla. Co- ..rv.; are created Is to -reserve the timber Voneress. in nis mes- , nould k .ver vlv. questions wnicn nave cauaeu me ' ' i..i - arn. -losses nf wood users, sage of 1898 he stated: I idlv In mind the fundamental fact that It Is to meet certain defi nite requirements. In Hawaii, Congress should give the Governor power to remove all the officials appointed under him. The harbor of Honolulu should be dredged, ihe Marine Hospital Service should be empow ered to study leprosy in the islands. I ask special consideration for the report and rec ommendations of the Governor of Porto Rico. In treating of our foreign policy and of the attitude that this great Nation should as sume in the world at large. It is absolutely necessary to consider the Army and the Agriculture, Oriental Markets, consideration Dy me Foreign Policy, questions w.i.11. , ", hsrt with the state experiment snrmlv for various classes of wood users, sage or usaa ne staieu Idly In mind orraer ror -to Keep -. v. 7, with manv other Institutions Amomr the more important of these are set- "In this relation, as snowing tne peculiar , to treat our foreign policy, wheth oTher auesthons sink Into abeyance until and individuals. The world Is carefully tiers under the reclamation act and other 'V,??,-01 fav0rabie conditions er thta poltcy takes shape in the effort to -rder h been restored searched for new varieties of grains. 4Tuits. acts, for whom a cheap and accessible sup- and the pec uliar ly f avl . conU1n secure Justice for others or justice for our- IrthrtricrS? Columbia and in the grasses, vegetables, trees and shrubs, suit- ply of : timber fo, .domestic uses is absolutely XJrtifYt to SS iL "X, " ""5 Zl"-Jl and mark benefit to 'our preducers Thas re! IT, SS' dangersmV Umber sup- communication pd t. te Speaker of esp iall toward our Navy, ft is not merely . I tho Mnnso nf K.nresentatives dv tne oecre- i ... ,iui. -kt L. only acute in populous centers of com- suited. ... ply by fire or tnrougn export py lumoer f th- Traaaurr on the 14th of last "". .T.r '.ri " .-(..i,iri.9 or inlninrr Neverthe-I The activities or our age in lines or re- panles wnen iimDer lanas aajaceut iu men - ' -- " ite- of the Lul an i.iu. . .uu., t ...5..-auu..u...s merce. manufactures, or mining. i. . v. .i. ,in t the -oil !, ini. ownershio: mmher- June, , with its accompanying letter of the ..-- Droclaim Its Dumoses. or to take forcVmVnt o" Taw tne FederaV Governmen't Tud inspfred them with ambition to know transportation companies builders, and Secretary of state rTtf study" then"- are rt9o- "unsupported .1m JL. llZtS T .nhere should set an more of the principles that govern the forces commercial Interests in general. Drla"n t' a51m.?i;n ,UZ. i the bV Potential force, and then to refuse to ;Ce Vtate Ta-overnments. especially of Nature with which they have to deal. Although the wisdom of creating forest re- osir ir there is no intention example to the state governments, e.ye . , "l.J... . , ,. - thl ..- .,rl eervwhere heartllv recoe- Chinese Empire and to report as to the op- - rovidin and of keetjine the force nec- In a matter so vital as this affecting labor. Nearly half of the people of this country serves I believe that under modern Industria. con- aevote tne.r e of markets In chlna for the raw ' " Qt - asaUmeuch an att tude. States. Action was not taken thereon dur- The steady aim of this Nation, as of all . : . . . T j...... i. I enlightened nations, should be to strive to f " " . ' " .k. .i-ki. of the Individual le?e-tralned men are the leaders. The onlv when It has the full support of the peo- "S me iw. c.v.... a , j. hrlna- ever nearer the dav when there shall wage-worker. All encouragement should be farmer had no ' opportunity for special train- ple , of the West. It cannot safely and shoum me Ug lmportance and prevail throughout the world th. peac. of riven to any sucn organizaiiun, u .s u..". - . r -- . J , -. . , ' timeliness merit" justice, nice -..e .i..ua ... i-" it 1 conducted with a due and decent regard 40 years ago. During these years progress against their will. But neither can we ac- uell"ss a message of 1899 he again highly undesirable, whleh are In the long for the rieM, of others. There are In this has been made and teachers have been pre- cept the views of those whose only Interest a7?ed attenion To tb , recommendation, run as destructive as any war. Tyrants and country some labor unions which have habit- pared. Over 5000 students are in attendance m the forest Is temporary; who are anxious called atte ntio n to t nis recommenaaiio oppresors haVe many times made a wilder- f,7w yand other labor unions which have at our State Agricultural colleges. The Fed- to reap what they have not sown and then "? " rLommendatlon. as the ness and called It peace. Many times peo- he.n monc- the most effective agents eral Government expends iu,uuu,uuu annu- move away, leaving aesoiation oenma mem. m,Mot v... .tesrtiiv- e-rown Pies who were slothful or tlmld or short- In working for good citizenship and for up- ally toward this education and for research on the contrary. It is everywhere and always iiiii' " nr.t submitted to you and no sighted, who had been enervated by ease or HfUng th" condiuon of' those whose welfare , Washington and in the several states and the Interest of the Permanent settler and since lt a9 flrrt submitted to by ,uxury or mlaled by false teachings, have should be closest to our hearts. But wnen territories. i ne uepai mieiit. oi eincuiiure tne permanent - Ile resources of this great field for American shrunk In unmanly rasnion rrom aoing auty Inv labor union seeks improper ends, or seeks has given facilities for post-graduate work stake in the country, which must be con- th.e3udCVnternrlse " " that was stern and that needed self -sacrifice, . , . . , a .Aana I . Kftfi vonne- men Hnrlnsr the Inst seven ! on.l which must decide. I traue UI1U cjiicif'ws. I . . ., .a hMa .h.. own to achieve proper enas uy iinmwici .... ....... iu w j o . " - i . ... ---- TVia imnortance of securing proper in-I anu imve nuufci.L w i.v... ....... IO Ut.i.r.r K. V ' in 11 hon. I ..aaa. r.-enar-ingr them for advanced lines Th matlnir of forest reserves Within rail- I 1 ne lmporiam-e Ul r 1 . V I , lnohle mo. """" r. a " the in the department and In the state a end waeon-road land-grant limits will formation, ana aata w.m v.ew uu me ------ ... " ,,7" ,.. s' .,f neeoe Th, orabie puouc servauis, mu y , - the nest three ireors he so enlargement of our trade with Asia is unai-1 uvea, u, -.. . . 1 . . . -1 ad V. Air would On- I InatitntlnnS I hereafter. SS fOr the PSSt three yearS. De SO CUia.swi.s". . I . ...mrnnna terror the neace of Cra " ' " --. " I , .. AA-A-nlne. meteorolne.v oaa It. A e- to nrevent the Issue under the! miniSneU. UUI u.i-u.o,. . . .... - - - ,. 1 lie xula v vj ... - ..." r. ......w. ...p, ..w luauBBCu - . I . . , .. 1oaa for ner. I Vf n weaKnesS. me Ul lUJUBiwc, a.. lUKeU 3 W . V. .. . .. V., . , a 1aaa fAA AA. relations to plant and animal life are.be- act of June 4, 1897, of base for exchange or ",u-""""' . "j" ,.' , these should be shunned as we shun unrlght- . I.,... of the I u. estemstlcsllv Inouired Into. Temnera- lie., selection (usually called scrip). In all manent oispiaj ' .....i.o... eous war. We are in every way endeavoring to help pose the wrongdoing of any great corpora tion Th. I. no nhlectlon to emDIOyeS Ot me lng systemaiicaiiy lliquutu unu. lemiiem- neu seiecuuil . c.v. ...i. i - - - aa. a- a- .a. em -' . . . . , I . , . . a. 111-..- c . I I , . . aacavaa ... 1 1. 1 n AAeea I Some TjrOIIl llien L Lll.ue V.L .. ... . . va. Government forming or belonging to unions, ture ana muisiu.e ..e . ... cases we.e ----- I ; Jnder Government control and man but the Government can neitner "-""- an 0!!".u"l.,. f. . . J.-o.ne,ir; f .ettie miners or aeement. as an effective means of advanc- on, with cordial good will, every movement me iLn? V;CTs,nemplormen. or who "V.' a beta, "forecasted" with" increasing ot1ier Vhe GoTernment lands within such ingour export trade therein. I call the at- which will tend to coldwlnds that come from proposed forest reserves will, as in the recant e nr" ' ' frlendlv relatTons with the rest of mankind. In pursuance of this policy I shall, shortly lay before the Sen ate treaties of arbitration witn an powers which are willing to enter into these treaties with us. It is not possible at this period of the world's development to agree to ar bitrate all matters, but there are many matters of possible diSerence between us seek to be employed under lt. Moreover, lt accuracy. The cold winds that come from proposed forest reserves will, as ln the recent tentton r o- l"e.""S'r auestiona ff ...?.. :.a for Government the north are anticipated and their times nst he withdrawn from sale or entry pend- of carrying out these suggestions. IS a very - "I" - " . ,".,. ...J a f" t .k a, 1,-a .l.h I ,l te--ltorlel oconlsltlons i a v. a a ,1 themselves loeemer J. ' 1 ' i ann mieuMiv iuiu 1 1. 1 mci a. KMiueiieiai l n sr me L-umyicuuii v oux... n r Aias&tt. nn.e ... . . ..... ...... h. nuriose of extorting improperly high sal- and fruiterers in all southern localities. the owners of the land grants as will prevent bas proved resourceful beyond the expeota- a .ha Government Esoecially is We sell $250,000,000 worth of animals and the creation of so-called scrip this true of those within the classified serv- animal products to foreign countries every It was formerly the custom to make forest . . taa i........,ri.rc both mnr.lrlr.al and vear. in addition to supplying our own peo- reserves without first getting definite and . . ...hole en excellent bodv of I nle more cheaply and abundantly than any I detailed Information as to the character of Tmhiic servants. They should be amply paid, other nation is able to provide for its peo- land and timber within their boundaries. This ti..t their nnvment must be obtained by ar- pie. Successful manufacturing depends pri . . 1 . A ...... I AAAl.. metnoa ot acuua uiu icsuucu . uauij i cnaracter nave ueeu uuiit. c ca.ciu u. 1 t - , , L . . , guing their claims marily on cheap rood, wnicn accounts to a I chosen boundaries ana consequent injustice wealth In minerals, umDer. nsnenes. anu " p Vthermore at the request of thi fairly ana nonoraoiy i consiaeraoie inu it uui siuiu in mi to seiners aim omcia. ..c.c.u.c L...e agriculture, wmic s' - m .,, -mlnent hodv before the Congress, direction: The Department of Agriculture, ministration adopted the present method of comprehended yet ln any Just measure by Interparliamentary union, an eminent uv iuy and not Dy Danaing i by caretui lnspec-iiuu ui luntis, guarus tne i nrst witnarawms lhc ia.uu ium uiuaai, i our Peopie. we ao imow, uuwevei, luo.,. . statesmen from all second mm. c-trics. I have Conference. asked the powers to tions of those who made the purchase. It has become the home or many naray, in dustrious, and thrifty Alaska. American c 1 1 1 z e ns. Towns of a permanent character have been built. The extent of its Unions of Government Employes. together for the de- health of our people and gives clean bills I followed by careful examination on the I a very small beginning Its products have feat of those Con- I of health to deserving exports; It Is prepared around and the preparation of detailed maps o-rown until they are a steady and material gresamen who refuse to give promises wnicn i to aeai jvrui.it... n.i. ...iri.cu u.a, 4 aim ueaciiinwui, uu.c contrioution to me nco.... ui . Join with this Govern they cannot ln conscience give. 1 ne Aam.n- an.ma.s. .. ""11 ,s .cre..eu , .v.. w,n.8 " ""'"'"a"' .. Tf'M ment In a second Hague conference, at which fna punish abuses of this nature: but It will should be an annual census of the livestock confusion which exists ln Government forest matter to provide many things essential to it Is hoped th, at the w ork V y be wUe for the Congress to supplement this of the Nation .annnnnl fc JZ'ttfJ lts ?wh "J?.??"' sts further towfrd completion This car- action by legislation. ..r rAT. "".-. the desire expressed by the first When we come to deal with great corpo- . i'.A X" .."1 " unoma, wer C Conference lUelf. .. Ka a a a.I for the Government to act I uous euwris tti e ucihb iiinue iu iiniivi i uuiu in which me luteal wuia ui liic uuicumiv... i from the UOvernmenu xiie . c:i iinicii i. nod " rations, tne neea tor me foreign countries such rains as are suitable Is not concentrated under one department, done excellent work for Alaska It Is not true that the United States feels , I!'0' hee!.,.t ?.? rornoratlons can become to our varying localities. Seven years ago In consonance with the plainest dictates of , ,aying cables and building telegraph lines, any land hunger or entertains any projects labor, oecause kivbv hmirhl three-fourths of our rice: hv heln- I Food administration and common sense. The a., i. aa. heen 4one In the most ec.o-I -. nnrn the other nations of the Western ...ak onlv hv ene-aaing in interstate com- . - .. - . I I xuis . -. . i " --- . , - mAr-e ad interstate ng the ncegrowers on tne uuir coast to se- i present arrangement is Dad rrom every point nomical and efficient way Dy tne signal I Hemisphere save sucn as are ior meir wei- Corporations. General Government 1 .. cure seeds from the Orient suited to their I of view. Merely to mention it is to prove . of the Armv. I fare. All that this ly the field of the conditions, and by giving them adequate that it should be terminated at once. Asl In aome respects It has outgrown its pres-j Policy Toward Other country desires Is to It Is an absurdity to protection, mey now supply imme ueumwu . nave repeaieuiy I euuiiiiiienueu, an me ent laws. While In - , aa- i ann exnnn to me lsianus ui me v-aimuraii i nuin. ui Liie uuverEmeni snuuiu oe wihv-cu- i . - i . n expect to eliminate me oue m B . other rlce-erowing countries, trated ln the Denartment of Agriculture, DBrr. .e .in non which t co..irt reiv Hemisphere. derly, and prosperous. Jrne,n, wlthan ardent that such mat- Wheat and other grains have been import- where the larger part of that work Is already Jaused an official of the Department of Any country whose be patient Witn an argument ml u.n nu, ....i.n mnfH. to our lands done where nrecricellv ell of lh. trained I 1 cauaeu " " ... . . ' . I ,- ...Hni-l themselves well can count . i . . .... a a in wnose juukuicul . tia.c vuu- i .cwr.w - - . . . r i a1 eo from lla-nt-raintali countries to our iu.uu?. uone. wnere practically an or. tne irameu . . ters should De lert to me "" T. I In the wt enrl Southwest that have not foresters of the Government are emDloved. M"s" ' 1 a j th. no.t K..m. I nnon nnr heartv friendship. If more than a nation .i w.aW i vrnwn crons necaiise or neni uicnuiiaitu. i wune .'iiieiiv in vv asninKLun Liieie la .u . n . a . a.. Ann., or oacerto nin. now snows i ii a i. l l ni.u a a n.v.. creating on easy terms corpoi-ai resultlna- ln an extensive addition to our prehensive first-hand knowledge of the prob- ortministered there and what sonable efficiency and decency In social and are neer ODeraieu wimiu e.. ' " . nnA a .... .aH a.,a home.makinsr terrl- lems of the reserves econlre on the cround. Boveimi.ci . .. . . . rilot matters If It keens order and IiaVS Th. Natlonal Government alone can deal adl tory that can not be Irigated. Ten million where all problems relating to growth from o the conditions found to exist, its obligations, it need fear no Interference The National UOernment aiune ion k.,.v,i -.t-l .. macsrnnl wheat were the soil are alreadv irathered and where all Staienieiii .j.., a th. f-m the. TTnlted States. Chronic wrongdo- equately with these great corporations ro.n from these exoerimental Importations the sciences auxiliary to forestry are at hand '!,"",V. in which T .tron.lv con- ln- or an impotence which results ln a gen- 1 tractive or demaeoelc sDlrit would in ali last year. Fruits suitable to our soils and for prompt and effective co-operation. These ,n be f0und in the annual report of eral loosening of the ties of civilized so- Shahilitv' mean that nothing whatever climates are being Imported from all the reasons are decisive ln themselves, but it cu Attorney-General. In some Instances I clety, may In America, as elsewhere, ultl- o.rio h- .coomnlished and with absolute countries of the Old Woria tne ng irora snouia oe aaaea tnat me great organizations tnat the legislation suggested is so mately require lntervenimn uy omo WOUld DO aCCOmpusneu. anu, mm . . t ... -. j . O i. lot. I of cltiv.n. .ho.. Ia....a ... hv the I teei . . . , . . , -,- I ,. - .1 In the Western TTemlsnher- . . . . , a AAAAAniien eo. . , urKev. Liie aiuiuim iiuiu w . ... ...w " .. - . ' . ....a. .... uwv ... 1 1 .11 . a......v. j ..... . , .,,-.1., neeoen i rm, . am moven nnFnv izm uauuu. . ... . . . .. , certainty, mat it anytniuB -.e,, - - . rm We forest reserves ,,ch o. the xrationsi T.I ve- mpe - 7 TLa-aT. ------- I. .... f the United States to the U... ij y.m rtf harmful nature in Aroer i nviu Aisnio, - i - . . exnxnasize iu av.viu.ji-ucucii j. v- mc a.v.-v.- w- -- would W or & ntrmiui naiure. - kinivo- fr..itmVar, tn t their 1 stork Anritinn th TCntlnnnl Wnolirrowers 10 . v 1 -K nnMHnA mav force tho United v.rv KlHMbTta shown-that crops Into European market, by studying Association the .American Mining Congress 'A ... a of Alaska lt now Btandg States. however- .reluctantly . flagrant - . a- - .1 i tnathruia rr T.i9it-rx'BTirn inrniiErn reiriKtrin : liic i.a.Li(Jiin.i 11 1 ikslhjii i .tju it i tf sjs khu liic i i sa a a a rr 7 n w ruiiKuuiiiK vi imuuituvvi w Is. modera lor .. .good sense me earn . . -e :V ic7ne and handling which have been National Board of Trade, have uniformly, many pure y aaminisirative Powers ana " Iise of an International police power. aire to avoia aoing any uama.Be. -.i.u ---- ',,,. ,,- ,. quiet determination to proceed, step Dy step, quite ue-m.. -- without halt and without hurry, ln ellmlnat- growers by important varieties that ripen Ing or at least In minimising whatever of earlier and later than the kinds they hae Deen raising, meiewjr icukiucuh.b . .-vestlna- season. The cotton crop of the country Is threatened with root rot. the boll mischief or ot evil there Is to interstate com merce ln the conduct of great corporations. They are acting ln no spirit of hostility to wealth, either Individual or corporate. They are not against the rich man any more than against the poor man. On the contrary, they are friendly alike toward rich man and toward poor man. provided only that each acts in a spirit of justice and decency toward his fellows. Great corporations are neces sary and only men of great and singular mental power can manage such corporations successfully, and such men must have great rewards. But these corporations should be managed with due regard to the Interest of the public as a whole. Where this can be done under the present laws it must be done. Where these laws come short, others should be enacted to supplement them. Tet we must never forget the determining worm, and the boll weevil Our pathologists will find immune varieties that will resist the root disease, and the bollworm can be dealt with, but the boll weevil is a serious menace to the cotton crop. It Is a Central American Insect that has become acclimated in Texas and has done great damage. A scientist of the Department of Agriculture has found the weevil at home in Guatemala being kept in check by an ant. whleh has been brought to our cotton fields for ob servation. It is hoped that it may serve a good purpose. The soils of the country are getting atten tion from the farmer's standpoint, and in teresting results are following. We have duplicates of the soils that grow tho wrap- National Board of Trade, have uniformly, many pure y m'" T" the exercise of an International police power. emphatically, and most of them repeatedly, duties th. District Jud.e. or every country washed by the Caribbean expressed themselves in favor of placing portant, devolve upon the district Ja8or Sm ', ,how the orogreas In atalile and all Government forest work In the Depart- upon the uwki i or me "ist , r 'u-Jltion which with the aid of the ment of Agriculture because of the peculiar under the direction of the Judge whlle the .'S-aent Cuba has shown since our adaptation of that Department for it. It Oovaor. won whom thes SS5ft the Island, and which so many is true. also, that the forest services of t es should logically nth ing spe republics ln both Americas are con nearly all the great nations of the world are cific to do except to mata f n""" 'epo"aj 8tantly and brilliantly showing, all ques under the respective departments of agrlcul- issue Thankgiving day proclamations, and a --...- iy thl8 Natlon with ture. while In but two of the smaller na- appoint ina.an P"" 'lln- their affair, would be at an end. Our ln tlons and In one colony are they under the He J"e " " .heLre recommend terest. and those of our Southern neighbors department of the Interior. This Is the ment in Thf Distulges are in reality identical. They have great result of long and varied experience and it that he ;fT"s lv8 natural riches, and If within their borders agrees fully with the requirements. of good f"". ,uSns toSt mty 7?ow the reign of law and Justice obtain pros administration in our own case. tratlve r "" c' The Governor perlty is sure to come to them. While they The creation of a forest service in the De- exercise and cast them npon the Governor P"l primary laws of civilized socl- partment- of Agriculture will have for its 1 aia wou.a not ."rament of Alaska" eVy they may rest assured that they will be important results: ?m,Pl!lw 5LlnteanaWn the Got- treated by us in a spirit of cordial and First A better handling of all forest work, to tundmjfn"11 fll'of TmireVnoinlnll helpful sympathy. We would interfere with because it will be under a single head, and ernorship a real instead f a merely rantuJ re80rt. and then only because the vast and Indispensable expert- office, and leaving the of" d.toJSe. if it became evident that their inability or -no- of th. n-nartment In all matters per- their entire attention to their judicial auues . ..,- -t home end were impotent to make them good. Within the last three years the- United States has set an example in disarmament where disarmament was propery. By law our Army is fixed at a maximum of 100.000 and a mlni The Army. mum of 60,000 men. When there- was In surrection In the Philippines we kept the) Army at the maximum. Peace came ln the jhtlipptnes, and now our Army haa beer, reduced to the minimum at which it is pos sible to keep it witsj due regard to Its effi ciency. The guns now mounted require 28. 000 men, if the coast fortifications are to be adequately manned. Relatively to the Na tion, it is not now so large as the police force of New York or Chicago relatively to the population of either city. We need mors officers; there are not enough to peforme the regular Army work. It Is very important, that the officers of the Army should be ac customed to handle their men ln masses, as lt Is also important that the National Guard of the several states should be ac customed to actual field maneuvering, es pecially in, connection with the regular For this reason we are to be congratulated upon, the success of the field maneuvers at Man assas last Fall, maneuvers ln which a larg er number of regulars and National Guar v took part than was ever before assembled, together ln time of" peace. No other civil ized Nation has, relatively to Its population., such a diminutive Army as ours: and while the Army Is so small we are not to be ex cused If we fail to keep It at a very high grade of proficiency. It must be incessantly practiced; the standard for the enlisted men. should be kept very high, while at the same time the service should be made as attrac tive as possible; and the standard for the officers should be kept even higher which, as regards the upper ranks, can best be doner by introducing some system of selection and rejection into the promotions. We should ba able. In the event of some sudden emerg ency, to put Into the field one first-class. Army corps, which should be, as a whole, at least the equal of any body of troops of liko number belo'nging to any. other nation. In the Philippine Islands there has beens. during the past year a continuation of the steady progress which has obtained ever since our troops definitely got the upper hand of the insurgents. The Philippine peo ple, or, to speak more. The Philippines. accurately, the many tiSbes, and even races. sundered - from one another more or lesss. harolv. who go to make up the people or the PhiliDDine Islands, contain many ele ments of good, and some elements which we- have a right to hope stand for progress. At present they are utterly Incapable of exist ing In Independence at all or of building; up a civilization of their own. X nrmiy De lleve that we can help them to rise higher and higher in the scale of civilizaton and or capacity for self-government, and i most, earnestly hope that in the end they will be able to stand, if not entirely alone, yet In. some such relation to the United States ass Cuba now stands. This end Is not yet in. sight, and lt may be Indefinitely postponed If our people are foolish enough to turn the attention of the Filipinos away from the problems of achieving moral and material prosperity, of working for a stable, orderly, and Just government, and toward foolish and. dangerous Intrigues tor a complete inae pendence for which they are as yet totally- unfit. On the ether hand, our people must keep. steadily before their minds the fact that thft justification for our stay in the Philippinesa must ultimately rest cnieny upon tne goou. we are able to do ln the Islands. I do not overlook the fact that ln the development ot our Interests in the Pacific Ocean and along. its coasts, the Philippines have piayea ana. will play an important part, and that our Interests have been served In more than on wav bv the possession or tne lsianas. uut our chief reason for continuing to hold them, must be that we ought in good faith to try to- do our share of the world's worn, ana tni particular piece of work has been imposed, upon us by the results of the war with Spain. The problem presented te us ln the Philip pine Islands is akin to, but not exactly like.. the problems presentea to me uuier gieiti. civilized powers which have possessions in. the Orient. There are points of resemblance ln our work to the work which Is being done- hv the British In India ana n-gypt, Dy i.i.- French In Algiers, by the Dutch ln Java, by the Russians ln Turkestan, by the Japanese-. In Formosa; but more distinctly than any of these powers we are enaeavoring to aaveiop the natives themselves so that they shall take an ever-increasing share ln their own. government, and as far as is prudent we are already aamitting meir niJicBcuiautca w mt governmental equality witn our own. There are Commissioners, Judges, and Gov ernors in the islands who are Filipinos and who have exactly the same share ln the government of the Islands as have their col leagues who are Americans, while ln the lower ranks, of course, the great majority of" the public servants are r mpinos. wimin iwo years we shall be trying the experiment of an elective lower house ln the Philippine Legislature. It may be that the Filipinos--will misuse this Legislature, and they cer tainly will misuse lt if they are misled by foolish persons here at home Into starting an agitation f'jr their own independence or lnto any factious or improper action. In such case they will do themselves no good and. will stop for the time being all further ef fort to advance them and give them a. greater share In their own government. But. If they act with wisdom and self-restraint. If they show that they are capable of electing a Legislature which ln Its turn Is capable of taking a sane and efficient part ln the actual work of government, they can rest assured that a fall and Increasing measure of recognition will be given them. Above all they should remember that their prime needs, are moral and Industrial, not political. It Iss a good thing to try the experiment of giv ing them a Legislature; hut lt is a far bet ter thing to give them schools, good roads,, railroads which will enable them to get thelr products to market, honest courts, an honest and efficient constabulary, and all that tenda-. to produce order, peace, fair dealing as be tween man and man. and habits of Intelli gent Industry and thrift. If they are safe guarded against oppression, and if their real; wants, material and spiritual, are studied In telligently and ln a spirit of friendly sym pathy, much more good will be done them, than by an effort to give them political! power, though this effort may In Its own, proper time and place be proper enough. Meanwhile our own people should remem ber that there Is need for the highest stand ard of conduct among the Americans sent to the Philippine Islands, not only among tho public servants but among the private In dividuals who go to them. It is because t feel this so deeply that in the administra tion of these Islands I have positively re fused to permit any dlscrlminaton whatso ever for political reasons, and have insisted that in choosing the public servants consid- eratlon should be paid solely to the worth, of the men chosen and to the needs of the lslands. There Is no higher body of men in our public service than we have in tho Phllipplne Islands under Governor Wright and his associates. So far as possible these men should be given a free hand, and thetr suggestlons should receive the hearty back ing both of the Executive and ef the Con gress. There Is need of a vigilant and dis interested support of our public servants in the Philippines by good citizens here ln the United State . Every measure taken concerning the Islands should be taken primarily with a view to. their advantage. We should certainly give them lower tariff rates on their exports to the United States; If this is not done lt will be a wrong to extend our shipping laws to them. I earnestly hope for the immediate enactment Into law of the legislation now . pending to encourage American capital to. seek investment in the islands in railroads., ln factories, in plantations, and in lumber ing and mining. THEODORE ROOSEVELT..