AN INDIAN MEMORIAL
ERECTED BY SIOUX ON WOUND
ED KNEE BATTLEFIELD.
Shaft to Commemorate Thoee Who Kelt
in that Blood Fight The Last Great
Btaad of the Bed Kace Against the
White.
On a little knoll overlooking Wound
ed Knee battlefield on the Pine Ridge
agency, In South ' Dakota, 5,000 Sioux
Indians recently
gathered to dedi
cate a monument
recently erected to
the memory of
? their dead who fell
at that place Dec.
29, 1900. Following
the example of the
whites who called
the battle of the
Little Big Horn the
'Custer massacre,"
the Sioux have call
ed the battle of
Wounded Knee the
"Big Foot massa
cre," because Big
Foot was the chief
under whom they
fought in that last
the monument, and most disastrous
effort of the Indians to resist the
march of civilization. Many of those
warriors who rode in the whirlwind of
death which engulfed Custer's men at
the Little Big Horn went to their
death at Wounded Knee, and this mon
ument is to their memory. The cele
bration was the first of its kind ob
served by the Indians of this country
and marks the progress which, civiliza
tion is making among them:
The Wounded Knee fight was the
last great stand of the red race against
the white and was caused through the
agency of Sitting Bull, who was to the
northern Indians what Geronlmo was
to the southwestern tribes. He aroused
their patriotism to the fighting spirit,
and in addition he anointed each brave
with "medicine," which he claimed
made them invulnerable to bullets
from the white man's pistol. And ev
ery Indian thoroughly believed this.
To accomplish his purpose, Sitting
Bull originated the "ghost, or Messiah;
dance," which soon spread through the
Sioux nation like fire over the western
prairie. This dance was only a pre
liminary to being anointed with the
"medicine" and was a mixture of the
war and squaw dance, except that the
dancers circled around a tall pole on
which was hung a skin containing the
medicine. The eyes of the dancers were
continually fixed on this spot, their
eyes thrown upward. It Is said the
dancers, In time, became actually hyp
notized and fell on the ground in a
cataleptic fit. While In this state they
, had visions of what was to happen to
the white men who opposed the Indian
when anointed with the "medicine."
These visions were all alike. Buffaloes
would return; white men be all killed,
the Great Spriit had informed them
that the white man's bullet could not
injure them any more; and, above all,
that Sitting Bull must be obeyed im-
nlltltlv
Preparing for War.
After the Indians had danced all dur
ing the fall of 1890, about 80 per cent
of the entice Sioux tribe became firm
followers of Sitting Bull; had Inter
viewed the Great Spirit, and had been
anointed with "medicine" by their high
priest or medicine man.
When the Indians got into the con
dition that Sitting Bull could be sure
his every order would be obeyed, the
"ghost" dancing ceased and prepara
tions for war began. Then it was that
the commanding officer of the United
States troops at Fort Yates "was order
ed to arrest old Sitting Bull and con
fine him in prison at the agency of
Standing Rock for the time being.
Sitting Bull was camped forty miles
WAV fpnm t)la unrun rt.T H4- a " J - M
fifty cavalrymen started after the old
Indian early on Dec. 15. '
The Indian police, commanded by
Bull Head, and Shave Head, were
within- striking distance of Sitting
Bull's camp several days before the
cavalry took leave of the fort.
Sitting Bull's cabin was almost sur
rounded by the fanatical "ghost danc
ers," but the Indian police managed to
reach the house and arrest the old fel
low. Sitting Bull's young son slipped
from the bouse and aroused the "ghost
dancers," who soon swarmed around
ine iitue parry or ponce.
After the police mounted their horses
to return with Sitting Bull, that old
warrior' called upon his followers to
rescue him, and Strlke-the-Kettle and
Catch-the-Bear dashed up at full speed
to the two police who guarded the
prisoner, and shot them. Both guards
were killed, but in falling Bull Head,
a guard, wheeled, and instead of shoot
ing his assailant, shot Sitting Bull
dead.
The police then took refuge In Sit
ting Bull's cabin, which was immedi
ately surrounded by hundreds of yell
ing, frantic Indians. The soldiers came
up at that moment, and the ghost
dancers fled to the timber,-half a mile
away. -
An hour later an incident happened
which showed the sublime faith his
followers had in Sitting Bull, and
which had a great' bearing upon the
future of the Indians and led directly
to' the battle fought two weeks later
by the ghost dancers at Wounded
Knee the battle which the monument
commemorates.. v
While the troopers were preparing to
return to the fort, carrying the dead
body of Sitting Bull with them, an In
dian riding at full speed emerged from
tne wooas mio wnicn tney naa gone
when the soldiers, appeared.' Straight
towards the- assembled soldiers - rode
the red man,. until be halted on a small
knoll about eighty yards away.
Dressed (or rather undressed) in full
war paraphernalia, eagle war bonnet,
war paint, war lance, etc., and war
shirt which Sitting Bull had anointed,
the warrior stood like a copper statue
on the knoll, while every soldier and
Indian police In the troop fired point
blank at him again and again. For
five minutes he sat on his horse,, im
movable, drawing the fire of the ninety
men, most of whom were crack shots.
Then the firing ceased and every sol
dier In the troop applauded the won
derful nerve of the warrior. He had
MISS HELEN BISHOP.
u MkAtJ i WW
Miss Bishop was the minister's daughter, whose killing by a negro caused
a mob at Wilmington, Del., to burn the miscreant at the stake.
been testing the efficiency of the "med
icine" of Sitting Bull.
Apparently satisfied, he turned his
back on the soldiers and rode again
at full speed for the timber, never
looking back. Two weeks later this
same Indian started the fight at
Wounded Knee by braining Captain
Wallace in the presence of his entire
company.
Killing of Capt. Wallace.
Dec. 28 the Indians were camped on
Wounded Knee creek, waiting for a
conference the following day with
Gen. Forsythe, commanding the troops.
During the day the scouts Little Bat
and Lone Star had been among the
Sioux Indians, led by Big Foot, and
had learned the serious condition of af
fairs. The following morning they re
ported to Gen. Forsythe that the In
dians would probably resist unless an
overwhelming force of soldiers was
brought up. Forsythe did not agree
with the scout and continued to ad
vance. "-
But Capt. Wallace, who believed the
report of the scout, together with "Lit
tle Bat" and "Lone Star," rode ahead
of the troops, In order to pacify the
Indians.
The three men drew In close to the
troops of savages which had advanced
to meet them, and then . "Lone Star"
recognized the daring warrior who had
tried his medicine two weeks before
that day. He, together with several
other Indians, left the main body and
advanced toward Capt. Wallace.'
Suddenly, from within the crowd,
arose the shrill death song of the
Sioux.. Both the scouts now saw tne
deadly danger in which all three stood,
but Capt. Wallace did not understand,
and before he could be warned, held
out- bis hand to greet the advancing
braves. -
From their ppsitions, neither of the
scouts could fire and Capt. Wallace
walked toward his death, oblivious of
the terrible fate awaiting him.
The singing Indian grasped Capt.
Wallace's outstretched hand, and sud
denly drawing his other hand from be
neath his blanket, struck the brave
captain a terrible blowwith a toma
hawk, killing him instantly. ..,....
But the medicine shirt failed to pro
tect the Indian from the bullet which
left the pistol of "Lone Star" a mo
ment later, and the savage fell dead
with a bullet through his heart.
The Bloody Gulch. , -.The
two scouts backed away, firing
as they went, and in turn received the
fire of the entire band. Both escaped
without a scratch. But not so the In
dians. A number were killed by the
scouts before the soldiers got into action.-
The Indians broke for cover and
succeeded in reaching a ravine from
which the soldiers could not drive
them. ' ;
Gen. Forsythe wrote'an order for re
inforcements and banded it to Lone
Star, who rode the fourteen miles to
the agency In thirty-five minutes. - In
1 hour and 28 minutes the re-enforcements
dashed up, the soldiers having
left too hurriedly to place saddles on
their horses.
But they had brought the , gatling
guns with them. These were new to
the Indians, who did not understand
the rapid fire. Three, of these were
placed in position to rake the ravine,
and the slaughter began. . The savages
could not escape, and later in the day
the ravine was found to be actually
choked with dead Indians, more than
two hundred lying within a space of a
few hundred feet. (The Indians still
call this "Bloody Gulch.")
The soldiers that day lost Capt. Wal
lace and twenty-four men killed and
thirty-four wounded.
But under the spot on which the In
dian monument rests are the bones of
more than two hundred and fifty Indi
ans who were killed that day, and for
many months it was nothing uncom
mon to discover" the, bleached skeleton
of an Indian lying In the grass any
where In the neighborhood of the bat
tlefield." The exact number of killed
was never known.. .:, ' . ..-.
SINGING BULLETS
Are Harmless! bnt the Silent Missiles
- Canse All the Trouble.
"Don't be afraid of a bullet that
you've heard whistle," said another old
soldier "If It sings In your ear, rest
assured that it will never harm you.
It is a act, as any old soldier will tell
you, that you never Jiear. the bullet
which hits you. It is a " problem ;- of
'windage,' as the boys in the army call
ed it 111 other words, the bullet which
you hear sing has already sped past
you, and the bullet which hits you has
hissed in the ear of some other fellow
in passing before It got to you." "It "Is
a simple proposition, after all. The
singing of the bullet )s the atmospheric
vibration which is cheated and the re
sistance which the air offers to the
progress of the bullet. This cannot be
detected by the ear until the bullet
has crossed a parallel line with the ear.
It may sail over your head or whizz
close to the ground, but If it passes
you at all the ear will catch the sound
of Its flight. To the soldier of many
battles the voice of the bullet is music.
He knows that he need have no dread,
of the bullet that sings in his ears. It
Is the bullet that he does not hear that
must be feared, and it is this bullet
which always brings harm to him.- No
soldier ever heard the bullet which in
flicted a wound on him. I was amused
by a raw soldier who was attached to
our command. It was his first time on
the firing line. We were skirmishing,
and some' sharpshooters were having
some fun at our expense. A bullet
whizzed close to him. Faintly we
could hear the crack of the rifle, but
It was not distinct enough to alarm
even a novice. The..-singing of the
bullet, however, brought a blanched ex
pression to his face. He did not wince,
however. We were lying in the edge
of the woods. - Another bullet buzzed
by. 'I don't like the sound,' said the
younger soldier. Zip! Another bullet
spent the air close to his head. . He
was paler still. "Comrade,' he said to
me, between bleached lips, 'I don't
want to be shot from ambush; let's
charge the devils!' , I told him not to
fear a bullet that had spoken to him
on its flight, but he did hot like the
Idea of lying there In the woods and
listening to the voice of these Invisible
messengers of death." Baltimore
American.
MODESTY OF THE TRULY GREAT
How Gladstone and Darwin Regarded
Themselves. ' '
f n "Studies In Contemporary Biogra
phy," which James Bryce has Just
published, are two stories which have
caused some of the' critics to express
astonishment at the "modesty of the
great," says an exchange. The stories
are these:
Meeting Mr. Gladstone in the lobby,
and seeing his face saddened by the
troubles In Ireland, Mr. Bryce tried" to
divert his thoughts by mentioning a
recent discovery to, -wit: that Dante
had been saved from want In his last
years by a lectureship at Ravenna. Mr.
Gladstone's face lit up at once, and he
said: "How strange it is to think that
these great souls, whose works are a
beacon light to all the generations that
have come after them, should have had
cares and anxieties to vex them in their
daily life, Just like the rest of us com
mon mortals." .
"The words reminded me," adds the
author, "that a few days before I had
heard Mr. Darwin, in dwelling upon
the pleasure a visit paid' by Mr. Glad
stone had given him, say: 'And he
talked just as If he had been an ordin
ary person like one of ourselves. The
two men were alike unconscious of
their greatness."
It is only the little who think them
selves great. They are like those who
do not know much, and, therefore,
imagine that there Is not- much to
know. The great do not think them
selves so, just as the learned are over
whelmed by their ignorance. In the
same way, it is not the socially import
ant who are affected and impertinent,
but the unimportant. . . . .
A Town Doubly Incorporated.
A peculiar complication has arisen
in Oregon over the question whether
a town . Incorporated two times over
is legally incorporated at all. A Sen
ate bill and a. House, bill Incorpor
ating the town of Adams in Umatilla
county were - passed : by both houses
and reached the governor, who signed
them both. They were supposed to
be exactly alike, but on examination it
was found that the boundaries are
slightly . differently defined. In the
bill which last became law and thus
superseded th first bill the boundary
lines do not go completely around, the
town. " v 'V ;.'s. . ; , . ""
; .
The Lively Old Settlement. '
"How's the old settlement now?"
. "Lively!' Only last Wednesday we
had a strawberry festival, a literary
barbecue, and a fashionable hanging!"
' Atlanta Constitution. ... -
All other leakages In the family In
come become needle's eyes by compari
son with the big hole through which
money - must pour for a child's educa
tion at college.' ; ' J -
When a woman has poor luck with
her cake, . the family are allowed to
have all they want '
The second day ou . Sailor (sboub
tog) Man ' overboard! Newlywed
(groaning) Lucky dog! Puck.
Gladys So, Beatrice Is finally mar
ried? How did she come to take the
plunge? Ethel She didn't. She was
shoved off by six younger - sisters.
Puck. . .
A happy faculty: YoungTutter (to
hostess) I have had a very pleasant
evening. But then I always manage
to enjoy myself no matter where I am.
Life.
Estate Agent (to laborer's son)
Here, my boy, where can I find your
father? Boy In the pig stye, sir,
You'll know 'im by 'is brown 'at!
Punch.
At the price: Mrs. Bumble By the
way, John, there are strawberries in
the market. " Mr. Bumble Are there?
That's the best place for them. Bos
ton Transcript. ,
"Sure, Murphy was wrong, an' he
knowed he was wrong an' he owned
up lolke a little man." "Did he, now?"
"Yis; but he licked the other man
fir-rst!" Puck. .
His habitual reticence: Reporter (in
vestibule) Is It true that Mr. Gotrox
has Just died? Butler (cautiously)
It is; but he has nothing to say for
publ!catlon.--Puck.
He didn't count: "So your house is
being built at last?" "Yes." "I thought
the plans didn't suit you." "Oh, they
don't, but they suit my wife and the
architect now." Baltimore News.
"Look at the way baby's working his
mouth!" exclaimed Mrs. Newman;
"now, he proposes to put his foot In
it." "H'm!" replied her husband.
grumpily; , "hereditary." Philadelphia
Press.
, Ready for any emergency: He If I
should kiss you, what would you do?
She--I never meet an emergency until
it arises. He But if it should arise?
She I'd meet It face , to face. Yale
Record. . . :
Retrograding; : Farmer Ragweed
Has Bill learned anything tew college?
Mrs. Ragweed No; an' wuss'ii that,
he's forgot what he uster know! Says
he can't eat pie without a fork! Chi
cago News. '.
An easy one: Jonathan I say, Brit
isher, can you spell horse? . English
man 'Orse? Why, certainly. It honly
takes a haitcb and a ho and a har and
a hess and a he to spell 'orse. Kansas
City Journal.
"What is it now, sergeant?" "Sure,
'tis the new recruit, sor. Oi tould. him
to mark time in th' drill room till Oi
coom back, and he's scratched up th'
face of the clock wid a pencil, sor."
Princeton Tiger.
. Nice old man: "Good heavens, boy!
Are you smoking? Muggs Me smok
ln'? Say, de very suspicion cuts me
t' de quick. Why, I'm just keepln dls
butt lighted in case de guy who drop
ped it comes back. New York Sun.
-The real thing: Von Quizz What
does your friend write? Verse? Nov
els? Tragedies? Hv Kasbe Great
Scott, what do you take him for? An
amateur? No, sir! He writes advertise
ments, of course! New Orleans Times
Democrat. Relaxation: "I feel happy to-daf,"
said the club woman: ' "I haven't a
thing in the world to do. Not a club
to attend. I'm going in for some
relaxation. I'm going , to clean house
and have .a good time!" Pittsburg
Dispatch.
Setter thus: "Don't you think,"
asked the anxious young playwright
after the first performance, ; Vthat I
might have Improved it some by put
ting it in three instead of four acts?"
"Well, no," the critic replied; "I hardly
think so. The curtain wouldn't . be
down as much in that case as it is
now." Chicago Record-Herald. : ;
Its , softening Influence: Mrs. Ma
hoole Shure, ; thot . "Uncle Tom's
Cabin" made a good boy out av me
Micky. Mrs. .O'Toole O'im glad to
hear thot Mrs. Mahoole YIs, ut
gave him a tinder heart. Phoy, wud
yes belave ut, whin he cum out av
th' gallery he troid to murther six kids
that laf ted whin Little Eva doled.
Chicago News.
Jason Mason There goes that city
preacher who's thinkln' uv acceptln' a
call here. . His church in the city wuz
boycotted. Hiram Husklnby What?
Great goshlA church boycotted? What
fer? Jason Mason Yew see, the street
railway strikers" darn near killed a non
union feller, an' that thoughtless
preacher went an comforted the poor
chap durin' his last hours! Puck.
Algy was notf particular: There was
company at tea, and little Algernon
felt that it was an occasion upon
which he might assert himself. "Ma,"
he remarked, holding up bis bread and
butter in scorn, "can't I have some
jam on this?" "What?" ejaculated his
economical mamma; , "jam on buter?
No, Indeed; certainly not!" : "Oh, I
don't care about it being on the but
ter," said Algy, calmly; "put it on the
other side!" Answers. ,
Drink water and get typhoid. Drink
milk and get tuberculosis. Eat soup
and get Bright's disease. Eat meat
and encourage. apoplexy. Eat oysters
and acquire taxemla. , Eat vegetables
and weaken the system.- Eat dessert
and take to paresis. Smoke cigarettes
and die early.- Smoke cigars and get
catarrh. Drink coffee and obtain ner
vous prostration. " In order to be en
tirely healthy one must eat nothing,
drink nothing, smoke nothing. - and
even before breathing one should see
that the' air Is properly sterilized.
Southwestern World. - , .
- -. ' ;,.. ; (--
Rid of an Aching Limb. ' ii
"Railroad took off his leg?" ;
"Yes, and so providential !"
"Providential?"
"That's what. It was the leg with
the rheumatism In It" Atlanta Con
stitution . ' '
Dear Theater Seats.
Seats are dearer at the Paris opera
house than In any other European
capital, in spite of the fact that the
state gives the building rent free and
an annual subvention of $160,000.
The pugilist is frequently beaten at
his own' game. ' . r , '
OH, DINNA ASK ME.
Oh!tdinna ask me gin I lo'e thee;
Troth. I daurnatell;
Dinna ask me gin I lo'e thee; .
, Ask it o' yoursel'.
Oh! dinna look sae at me,
For weir ye ken me true;
Oh, gin ye look sae sair at me, .
I daurna look at you.
When ye gang to yon bra w town.
And bonnie lasse see,
Oh, Jamie, dinna look at them.
Lest you should mind na me.
For I ?ould never bide the lass
That ye'd lo'e mair than me;
And oh, I'm ire my heart wad break
Gin ye'd prove false to me.
New York News.
A Woman's Choice
ARGARET ASHTON gazed
dreamily at her own reflection
in the mirror, and a little smile
of satisfaction played around the cor
ners of her daintily curved lips.
Yes, she was beautiful, but to-night
she must look her loveliest, for she
was to attend the DeForsh's ball, and
Charley was to be there.
She put a few last finishing touches
to her hair and clasped the pearl neck
lace carefully about her throat, then
picked up the two separate bouquets
that lay awaiting her.
White roses and lilies of the valley;
she raised the latter to her lips softly,
for they were from Charley, of course.
They were -her favorite flowers and
he always sent them, and the roses
were from Gerald Lorrlmer.
She held them up against her dress
to note the effect, and instead of the
usual card a note fell from each.
She opened Charley Hamilton's first;
it ran as follows:
Dearest Margaret You were to give
me my answer, to-night. If it is yes,
as I fondly hope, please wear my flow
ers as a token.
Margaret, I plead my love for you
as the only basis of my hope, knowing
how unworthy I am to become your
husband.? , -:.
But, Margaret, I love you with all of
a true man's devotion, and will work
for you as I never have before.
Perhaps some day I will be able to
give you all the luxuries you now have
and deserve. I pray God that I may:-
Think of my love, and if you ; can
give me any hope, wear my flowers
this evening. Your old friend and true
lover. CHARLEY.
Her eyes shone softly and. her Hps
trembled, as she read It through the
third time.
She picked up the lilies of the valley
and pinned them tremblingly against
her corsage. ...
Life with Charley! What meant pov
erty or care or anything else, so long
as she bad his love?
Then she noticed the other note lying
all forgotten at her feet.
She picked It up and opened It.
Let us glance over her shoulder.
My "Dear Miss Ashton I take this
opportunity of proposing for your hand 1
in marriage.
You may be surprised, but I have had
you in mind for some time as a most
proper person to share my wealth and
position. .
I can give you anything you desire,
as you well know, and shall think your
beauty and wit a fair return.
If your answer is favorable, wear
my roses to-night at the De Forsh'g.
Yours truly, ,
GERALD LORRIMER.
It was short and to the point.
Her face grew pale and she shivered
slightly as she 'read it.
There was no mention of love. Well,
she was glad, for she hated him.
He was selfish and contemptible hi
her sight. . -
She read the note again, r r
Yes, he certainly could give .her ev
erything to which she was accustomed.
He was wealthy beyond a doubt..
She was sorely tempted. Life with
him meant wealth, and ease. Life with
Charley, economy and toil.
She held up one slim hand and ex
amined it carefully. It was - never
meant for hard work.
She unpinned the flowers and put
them in a bowl of Water, then pinned
the roses In their place.
She sat back in the corner of the
carriage with her wrap drawn closely
around her, as she was driven away.
It was rather late, but what did It
matter? Nothing mattered now. ,
She decided to marry Mr. Lorrlmer.
She must have wealth and Charley
couldn't give It to her.
Her uncle wouldn't be expected to
keep her in luxuries after she was
married, so . .
She had put love and gold in the bal
ance, and gold outweighed love.
Weighed in the balances and found
wanting. '
Would she be happy?
Charley's, face was continually be
fore her white and hopeless; she
couldn't shut it out.
Poor Charley, how he would miss her
friendship, how. lonely he would be,
and she- -
What would she do ' without him ?
She loved him. :; ' '
They were nearly there now.
She called to the coachman, "James,
drive back to the bouse as quickly as
possible; I have the wrong flowers."
And as the carriage turned she threw
the white 'roses far into the street to
be trampled under foot
Love had won. Indianapolis Sun.
GERMANY'S AFRICAN COLONY,
Work Being Done to Develop Re-'
, source of the Country. ' -
. Lady Curzon is not the only Amerlr
can ; woman whose husband rules over
a colonial empire, says the Berlin
correspondent of the New York Times.
A similar position is also held by the
Countess von Goetzen, who is now in
Berlin with her husband Count von
Goetzen, the governor of German East
Africa.' "V. '.
' The count' while in. Berlin, on a re
cent leave of absence, talked in an
Interesting manner of the country, of
which he is governor. . X'
. "German East Africa is double the
size of Germany," he said, "and has a
population of 6,000,000, of whidi only
1,000 are Europeans. The country Is
very productive and rich In mineral
m
White paper, without, any detail,
does not represent snow in a picture,
and contrast Is generally heightened
by the detail in tree-trunks arid other
objects In the picture being lost in
solid black. Where such cases of un
derexposure occur, throw , away the
negative and try again with double
kthe exposure, developing in a metol-hy-
droklnone solution diluted with double
the' quantity of water and at a normal
temperature. Camera and Dark
Room. , . '
Home Portraiture. The usual de
fects in portraits made out : of doors
by . the amateur are heavy shadows
under the eyes, nose and -chin. These
are due to the excessive amount of
light coming directly from above. To
remedy them, rig up . some sort of a
screen a few feet above the sitter, and
also arrange a reflector such as a
piece of white card, or a board covered
wealth. I am now seeking capital for
the purpose of building a railroad to
connect Klwa, in the neighborhood
of our capital, Daareaaalam, with Lake
Nyassa. This road,' if built, will be
of immense value, for , It will make
possible the control of trade between
Lake Nyassa and Lake Tanganlcka.
"Land is given to prospective set
tlers in German East Africa under
the most favorable conditions. It Is
Interesting to note, in -this connection,
that a largeHumber of Boers have set
tled In our colony. German East
Africa's mineral wealth has been only
partly exploited. At Tramba, in the
Kilimagaro, a twenty days' Journey
from the coast gold mines exist. Ger
man East Africa has an abundance of
cattle, which are exported. Game also
abounds.
"Slavery In East Africa is gradually
becoming a thing of the past slave
dealers seing severely punished. ; The
result has been that many Arabs form
erly engaged In the traffic have be
come very poor. We are still permit
ting the so-called house slavery, which
can be abolished only by gradual pro
cesses. "Daaresaalam, the capital, Is Increas
ing in size and is becoming an Im
portant shipping center.' . It has the
best harbor on the African cost, and
Is equipped with a dry dock.
"The climate is very enervating, but
no worse than that of India and Cey
lon. In the highlands of the Interior
a delightful subtropical coolness pre
vails. . We are now planning to es
tablish in the Usambara . mountains.
where the good coffee is raised, a hill
station, In which to spend the warm
season, patterned after similar ones
in . India. We shall also establish a
biological experiment station, similar
to the famous one at Bulten Zorg, on
the Island of Java."
Count von Goetzen's rule of . East
Africa has met the entire approval of
the German government. He was sent
to Africa" not merely as a military man
but as one who by travel and numer
ous explorations had become thorough
ly acquainted with African life and
conditions. , His methods have been
unbureaucratlc. and in every possible
way he has given' active support to
the merchants and planters Jiving in
the colony. He frequently holds meet
ings at which these elements are pres
ent and hears from them their griev
ances. "He has solved the difficult
problem of how to obtain' men to
work on the plantations by bringing
natives from districts in the interior.
It Is . bis aim to put the colony on
such a .financial basis that it shall
be self-sustaining and financially In
dependent of the home government.
, Gov. von Goetzen is popular with
the natives, whom he has endeavor
ed to treat humanely and fairly. He
hopes to establish a native eouncil,
somewhat on the - same principle as
that adopted by the British In India.
0LD HAVILAND INN TO BE
TURNED INTO A MUSEUM
For 200 years the old Havlland Inn,
In Rye, Westchester County,- . New
York, made famous by the. visits of
Washington, Lafayette, John 'Adams
and other fathers of the republic, has
escaped destruction, and now it. Is like
ly : to be turned Into a historical mu
seum. William Raymond,' owner of the
property, was about to tear It ; down
and erect a business building on ' the
site, when John E. Parsons, , William
H.1 Parsons and J. H. Whittemore,
their cousin, purchased the " property
for $15,000. i v : '
The inn stands In the village square,'
and dates back to 1731, when Peter
Brown presided over Its affairs. After
wards the widow Havlland came Into
possession, and, m : Washington's let-
URGEST OF DEEP SEA FISHES.
Here is a drawing of the largest fish that ever came out of the lower
depths of the sea. It is five feet long and was caught by C. H. Townsend,
of the United, States Fish Commission, on board of the government steamer
Albatross, off" the coast of Chili.' It was drawn to the surface by "a trawl
(a big drag net) from a, depth of 6,300. feet or about a mile and a quarter.!
By an unfortunate accident the fish . was afterward thrown overboard, with"
a lot of refuse, but luckily not before 'its photograph had been taken. In
color it was grayish, and Its flesh was soft, and flabby,' like that of other
deep sea fishes. It had thick Hps, small teeth and a projecting lower jaw. It
took three hours to pull up the dredge, a fact which gives a vivid notion ot
the' great depth from, which the animal
5v
'2
with a white sheet inclined on the
ground so as to reflect light upward
on to the face. These measures will
modify the shadows and give a much
more pleasing portrait. Another point
to be borne in mind is to use a de
veloper of moderate strength.- If pyro
soda is employed, the pyro should not ,
be more than 2 jjrs. per ounce. With
many plates 1 gr. is sufficient Those
who use the ready-made developers,
of which they do not know the compo-
sition, should add an equal bulb; - of
water. Exchange.
Reduction Formula. Prof. Lalner .
gives the following formula, by which
a very slowly proceeding reduction of
the negative is obtained: Fixing soda
solution 1:4, 100 c.cm.; iodide potas
sium, 1 gr. After an hour the reduc
tion Is perceptible; after eight to ten
hours' action even a dense fog will
disappear.
ters mention la made of the ."very neat
and decent inn" at Rye, at which he
stopped Oct. 15, 1789. .The Rye. people
gave Gen.- Lafayette a great reception
In 1824, when he was touring from
Boston to New York, and the French
hero slept In the same room occupied
by Washington. For generations the
stage coaches from Boston and New'
York stopped at the Rye Inn and de-
HISTOKIC HAVILAJTD UXJS.
posited travelers over night many fa
mous Americans being among the.
guests. . . '
The action of the Parsons family in
saving the old landmark is greatly ap
preciated by residents in the district,
and it is said the place is to be, filled
with relics and souvenirs connected
with Rye, since it was a parish of
Great Britain In 1660. .
OF INTEREST TO THE CAMPER.
Summer campers will appreciate the
merits of this neat arrangement, which
has been designed for their conveni
ence by an Indiana woman. No one
wants to take a whole kitchen along
when camping out, and the simpler the
outfit the greater the enjoyment, . but
this "stove" Is so easy to transvjrt
that no one will question Its right to a
place m the equipment As a glance
at the drawing ' will show, the stove
has two main parts, though others can
be added If desired. The post and the
UWIQT7E LITTLE CAMP 8 TOTE.
plate are the only necessaries, and
these are forged of a quality of steel
which will resist the action of the
heat. The upper end of the post Is ;"
shouldered to form a base . on which
the plate can rest, while a steel pin '
may be used to lock the two together.
One side of the plate Is left solid, but
three sides have opening exactly sim
ilar to those of a stove top, and lids .
may be provided to cover them. " If the
cook desires to hurry some particular .
pot or cool off another, all that Is nec
essary is to swing the top of the stove
around on us. post to oring tne pot
where the flame is hottest, or vice '
versa. There is no danger of this stove
ursettln. as the central Dost Is driven
firmly In the ground before the fire is
started. - . . " '
Postal Money Orders.
ment - In . 1902 Issued domestic, money
orders amounting to over $313,000,000 ..
and foreign amounting to nearly $23.-
000,000. The money sent abroad waa
almost entirely remittances to .relatives .'
by Immigrants.
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euna. , .
mateur