CORVAL
SEMI-WEEKLY.
oJLKTti;V.IL,."968. 1 Consolidated Feb., 1899.
COBVALLIS, BENTON COUNTY, OREGON, TUESDAY, JUNE 4, 1901.
VOL. II. NO. 6.
GAZETTE
I FROM I
ijpOOBHOUSETDpALACEl
I "r- BY MARY J HOLMES . 1
CHAPTER VI.
Mary bad been at the poorhouse about
three weeks when Miss Grundy one day-
ordered her to tie on ber sun-bonnet and
ran across the meadow and through the
woods until she came to a rye stubble,
then follow the footpath along the fence
until she came to another strip of woods,
with a brook running through it. "And
just on the fur edge of thein woods," said
she, "you'll see the men folks to work;"
and do tell 'em to come to their dinner
quick."
It was a mild September day, and
Mary determined not to hurry. She had
not gone far when she came suddenly
upon a boy and two little girls, who seem
ed to be playing near the. brook. In the
features of the toy she recognized Henry
Lincoln, and remembering what Billy
had said of him, she wag about turning
away when the smallest of the girls
espied her, and called out: "Look here,
Rose, I reckon that's Mary Howard.
I'm going to speak to her."
"Jenny Lincoln, you mustn't do any
such thing. Mother won't like it," an
swered the girl called Rose.
But whether "mother would like it" or
not, Jenny rii V not stop to think, and
going toward Mary she said: "Have you
come to play in the woods?"
"No,"-was Marys reply. '.'I came to
call the, folks to dinner."
"Oh, it was you that screamed so loud.
I couldn't think who it was, but it can't
be dinner.-time?"
"Yes, 'tis ; it's noon." , - . -.
"Well,' we don't have dinner until 2,
. and we can stay here till that time.
Won't you play with us?".; -. .
"No, I .can't; I - must go back and
work," said Mary.
"Work!" repeated Jenny. V'l think
,lt's bad .enough to have to lire in that
- old house without working; but come and
' se pur fish pond;" and taking Mary's
'hand, she led her to a wide part of the
stream where the water had been dam
med jup until it was nearly two feet deep
ftadclear as crystal. Looking in, Mary
. ,quld see., the pebbles on the bottom,
while a fish occasionally darted out and
then disappeared.
- "remade this almost all "myself," said
Jenny. "Henry . wouldn't help me be
ca'use he's so ugly, and Rose was afraid
of blacking her fingers. But I don't care.
Mother says I'm a great great I've for-
'gotten the word, but it means dirty and
'careless, and I guess I do look like a
-;f right, don't I?" -
"... Mary now for the first time noticed the
.appearance of her companion,. and readi
ly guessed that the word which she could
not remember was "slattern." She was
a fat, chubby little girl, with a round,
sunny face and laughing blue eyes, while
-ber brown hair hung around her fore-
-kead in short, tangled curls. Altogether
she was just the kind of little girl which
one often finds in the country swinging
on gates and making mud pies.
Mary; was naturally very neat; and in
reply to Jenny's question as to whether
she-looked like a fright, she answered,
"I like your face better than I do your
. dress," because it is clean."
"Why, so was my dress this morning,"
" Said Jenny, ''but there can't anybody play
in the mud and not get dirty."
Jenny drew nearer to Mary and said:
"If you'll never tell anybody as long as
.you. live and braeathe, I'll tell you some
thing.'' " . ' - . ;
Mary gave the required promise, and
-Jenny continued: "I shouldn't like to
have my mother know it, for she scolds
'"all the time now about my. -'vulgar
tastes,' though I'm sure Rose likes the
same things that I do, except Billy Ben
der, and it's about him I was going to
'tell you. He was so pleasant I couldn't
.help loving him, if mother did say I
mustn't. He used to talk to me about
keeping clean, and once I tried a whole
week, and I only dirtied four dresses in
all that time. Oh! how handsome and
4, funny his eyes looked when I told him
about it. He took me in his lap, and
said that was more than he thought a
little girl ought to dirty. - Did you ever
see any boy you loved as well as you do
Billy Bender?"
' Mary hesitated a moment, for, much
as she liked Billy, there was another
whom she loved better, though he - had
' never been one-half as kind to her as
Billy had. After a time she answered:
"Yes, I like, or I did like, George More-.
land, but I shall never see him "again;"
""and then she told Jenny of her home in
England, of the long, dreary voyage to
. America, and of her father's death; but
" when she came to the sad night when her
" mother and Franky died, she could not
; 'go on, and laying her face in Jenny's lap
' she cried for a long time. Jenny's tears
flowed, too, and she, softly caressing
Mary, said: "Don't cry so, for I'll love
- you, and we'll have good times together,
.., too, We live in Boston every winter, 1
a but it. will be 'most six weeks before we
go, and I mean to see you every day."
"In Boston?" said Mary, inquiringly.
."George lives in Boston." -'
"'"Jenny was silent a moment, and then
suddenly clapping her hands together,
nhe exclaimed: "I know George More--land.
He lives just opposite our house,
and is Ida Seldon's cousin. Why, he's
- 'most as handsome as Billy Bender, only
he teases you more. I'll tell him about
you, for mother says he's got lots of
money, and perhaps he'll give you some."
' Mary felt that she wouldn't for the
world have George know she was in the
poorhouse, and she quickly answered,
"No, no, you mustn't tell him a word
about me. I don't want you to. Prom
ise that you won't."
CHAPTER VII.
" One afternoon about the middle of Oc
tober Mary sat under an apple tree in
the orchard, weeping bitterly. It was
in rain that Alice, who was with her,
and who by this time was able to stand
alone, climbed up to her side, patting
her cheeks and trying in various' ways
to win her attention. She still wept on,
unmindful of the sound of rapid foot
steps upon the grass, nor until twice re
peated did she hear the words", "Why,
Mary, what is the matter? What's hap
pened?" Then looking np she saw Billy
Bender, who raised her in his arms.
Laying her head on his shoulder, she
sobbed out: "She's gone she's gone, and
there's nobody left but Sally. "Oh dear,
oh dear!" -
"Gone! Whose goner' asked Billy.
: "Jenny," was Mary's reply. "She's
gone to Boston, and won't come back till
next May; and I loved her so much."
"Oh, yes, I know," returned Billy. "I
met them all on their way to the depot;
but I wouldn't feel so badly. Jenny will
come again, and besides that, I've got
some real good news to tell you." ...
"About Ella?" said Mary. ''..'.
"No, not about Ella, but about myself;
I'm comiug here to live with you."
-"Coming here to live!" repeated Mary
with astonishment. "What for? Are
your folks all dead?" j
Billy smiled and answered, "Not quite
so bad as that. I went to school here
two years ago, and I know I learned
more than I ever did at home in two
seasons. The boys, when Henry Lin
coln is away, don't act half as badly as
they do in the village; and then they usu
ally have a lady teacher, because it's
cheaper, I suppose, for they don't pay
them half as much as they do gentle
men, and I think they are a great deal
the best. " Anyway, I can learn the most
when I go to a woman,"
"But what makes you come here,' and
what will your mother do?" asked Mary.
"She's got a sister come from the West
to stay with her, and as I shall go home
every Saturday night, she'll get along
well enough. I heard Mr. Parker in the
store one day inquiring for a boy to do
chores. So after consulting mother I
offered . my services and was accepted.
Won't we have real nice times going to
school together?"
Three weeks from that time the winter
school commenced, and Billy took up
his abode at the poorhouse, greatly to the
satisfaction of Sally and Mary and great
ly to the annoyance of Miss Grundy. '-
"Smart ideal" said' she, "to have that
great lummox around to be waited on!"
and when she saw how happy his 'pres
ence seemed to make Mary, she vented
her displeasure upon her in various ways,
conjuring up all sorts -of reasons why she
should stay out of school as often as pos
sible, and wondering "what the world
was coming to, when young ones hardly
out of the cradle begun to court! It
wasn't so in her younger days, goodness
knows!" "
Much as, Mary had learned to prize
Sally's friendship, before winter was
over she had cause to value it still more
highly. Wretched and destitute as the
poor crazed creature now was, she show
ed plainly that at some period or other
of her life she had had rare advantages
for education, which she now brought
into use for Mary's benefit r
Each night Mary brought home her
books, and the rapid improvement .which
she made in her studies was as much
owing to Sally's useful hints and assist
ance as to her, own untiring persever
ance. One day when she returned from
school Sally saw there was something
the matter, for her eyes were red, and
her cheeks were flushed as if with weep
ing. On inquiring of Billy, she learned
that some of the girls had been teasing
Mary about her teeth, calling them
"tushes."' . .-; .V."f ;:"':
As it happened, one of the paupers was
sick, and Dr. Gilbert was at that time in
the house; to him Sal immediately went,
and after laying the case before him
asked him to extract the offending teeth.
Sally was quite a favorite with the doc
tor, who. readily consented, on condition
that Mary was. willing, which he much
doubted, as such teeth -came" hard. ; :
."Willing or npt, she shall have them
out. It's all that makes her so homely,"
said Sal, and, going in quest of Mary,
she led her to the doctor, who asked to
look in her mouth. .: . - -' .
There was a fierce struggle, a scream,
and then one of the teeth was lying upon
the floor. -.: . .. .. ; '
"Stand still,"., said Sal, more sternly
than she had ever before spoken to Mary,
who, half frightened out of her . wits,
stood still while the other one was ex
tracted. .... .
"There," said Sal, when the operation
was finished, "you look a hundred per
cent better." '. - .- ,. .:
For a time Mary cried, hardly know
ing whether she relished the joke or not;
but when Billy praised her improved
looks, telling her that "her mouth was
real pretty," and when she herself dried
her eyes , enough to see that it was- a
great improvement, she felt better,and
wondered why she had never thought to
have them out before. ; : ; " i
Rapidly and pleasantly to Mary that
winter passed away, for the presence of
Billy was in itself a sufficient reason why
she should be happy. He was so affec
tionate and brother-like in his deport
ment toward her that she began question
ing whether she did not love him as well,
if not better, than she did her sister Ella,
whom she seldom saw, though she heard
that she had a governess from Worcester,
and was taking music lessons on a grand
piano, which had been bought a year be
fore. Occasionally Billy called at Mrs.
Campbell's, but Ella seemed shy and un
willing to speak of her sister. . .
"Why is there this difference? he
thought more than once, as he contrast
ed the situation of the two girls the one
petted, caressed and surrounded by every
luxury, and the other forlorn, desolate,
and the inmate of a poorhouse; and then
helrailt castles of a future when, by the
labor of his own head or hands, Mary,
too, should be rich and happy.
:' ' ... CHAPTER. VIIL -
As spring advanced Alice began to
droop, Sally's quick eye detected in her
infallible signs of decay. But she would
not tell it to Mary, whose life sow seem
ed a comparatively happy one. Mr. and
Mrs. Parker were kind to her. - Uncle
Peter petted her, and even Miss Grundy
had more than once admitted that "she
was about as good as young ones would
average." Billy, too, bad promised to
remain and work for Mr. Parker during
the summer,' intending with the money
thus earned to go the next fall and win
ter to the academy in Willbrahaur. Jen
ny was coming back ere long, and Mary's
step was light and buoyant as she trip
ped, singing, about the house, unmind
ful of Mrs. Grundy's oft-expressed wish
that "she would stop that clack,", or of
the anxious, pitying eyes Sal Furbush
bent upon her, as day after day the
faithful old creature rocked and tended
little Alice. -
At last Mary could no longer be de
ceived, and one day when Alice lay gasp
ing in Sally's lap she said, "Aunt SaHy,
isn't Alice growing worse? - She doesn't
play now, nor try to walk." :
Sally laid her hand on Mary's face and
replied:.. ,"Poor child, you'll soon be all
alone."
There was no outcry no sudden gush
of tears, but nervously clasping her
hans upon her heart, as if the shock had
entered there, Mary sat down upon her
bed, and burying her face in the pillow,
sat there for a long time. But she said
nothing, and a careless observer might
have thought that she cared nothing, as
it became each day more and more evi
dent that Alice, was dying. But these
knew not of the long nights when with
untiring love she sat by her sister's cra
dle, listening to her Irregular breathing,
pressing her clammy hands and praying
to be forgiven if ever, in thought or deed,
she had wronged the little one now leav
ing her. , -
And all this time there came no kind
word or message of love from Ella, who
knew that Alice was dying, for Billy
had told her so.
The end came peacefully. There was
some talk of burying the child in the
poorhouse inclosure, but Mary pleaded so
earnestly to have her laid by her mother
that her request was granted, and that
night when the young spring moon came
out it looked quietly down upon the grave
of little Alice, who by her mother's side
was sweetly sleeping. :
:'. . - ' . ;
Three weeks had passed away since
Alice's death, and affairs at the poor
house were beginning to glide on as usual.
Mary, who had resumed her post as dish
washer in the kitchen, was almost daily
expecting Jenny; and one day when Billy
came in to dinner. he gave her the joy
ful intelligence that Jenny had returned
and had been in the field to see him,
bidding him tell Mary to meet her that
afternoon in the woods by the brook.
Mary bounded joyfully away to the
woods, where she found Jenny, who em
braced her in a manner which showed
that she had cot been forgotten; "- -r
- "Oh," said she, "I've got so much to
tell you, and so much to hear, though I
know all about dear little Alice's death
didn't you feel dreadfully?"
Mary's tears were a sufficient answer,
and Jenny, as if suddenly discovering
something, new, exclaimed, "Why, what
have you been doing? Who pulled vour
r teeth?" ";'
Mary explained the circumstances of
the tooth-pulling and Jenny continued:
"You look a great deal better, and if
your cheeks werj only a little fatter and
your skin not quite so yellow, you'd be
real handsome; -but no matter about that,
I saw George Moreland in Boston, and I
wanted to tell him about yon, but I'd
promised not to; and then at first ! felt
afraid of him, for you can't think' what
a great big fellow he's got to be. Why,
he's awful tall and handsome, too. Rose
likes him, and so do lots of the girls, but
I don't believe he cares a bit. for any' of
them except his cousin Ida, and I guess
he does like her." - i , ;
r Here the chatterer was interrupted by'
Henry Lincoln,. who directly in front of
her leaped across the brook. He was
evidently not much Improved in 'his man
ners, for the moment he' was Safely land
ed on terra firma he approached Mary,
and, seizing her- round the waist, ex
claimed, :"Halloo, little pauper! You're
glad to see me back, I dare say.".-
Then .drawing her head-over so that
he -could look into her face, he contin
ued, "Had your tusks out," haven't you?
Well, it's quite an improvement, so much
so that I'll venture to kiss you."
Mary struggled, and Jenny scolded,
while Henry said, "Don't kick and flounce
so, my little beauty. ..' If there's anything
I hate it's seeing girls, make- believe
they're modest. That clodhopper Bill
kisses you every day, I'll warrant." .
. t- : (To be continued.)
New Ideas. .
The Kaffirs have had an opportunity
to learn something of the art of surgery
since the soldiers and the military doc
tors have oreiTun Africa. Possibly ad
vanced methods will not altogether
supersede . primitive surgery among
these people, however, for they are not
fond of change. -.: : . - - . -
Time was when ; a Kaffir with a
broken leg submitted to peculiar treat
ment. It was customary to place the
limb in a hole dug in the earth, and
keep It there till the bones were knit
together again. -y
The. Leisure Hour tells of a case in
which the hones of a certain Kaffir lad,
having been set by European aid, the
Kaffir father dissented from the meth
od employed. He had the splints re
moved, carried the boy home on horse
back, and then took the usual course of
setting the limb in the earth. The
consequence was ; that it. V. took six
months to effect a cure. '-
j- Kaffir doctors are hereditary, the ch
verest son in the doctor's family being
usually chosen to succeed his father.
There are other modern things that a
Kaffir has to learn besides the newest
mehods in surgery. In his language
there Is no such term as "Thank you."
He Js beginning to learn it, however,
although he does not think it becoming
to show any emotion-wkether of grat
itude or anything else.
- When two Kaffirs meet one says, "I
see yon," which is answered by "Yes!"
More poetical is . his " parting word,
"May peace go with you," to which
comes the response, "May peace stay
with you." ' r
An Effect Bnnilori.
"After the ceremony the bride wept"
"Grief at leaving her home?":
her beautiful long satin train going 1
down the s'sle." j
TOUNI
8 -
'' Ktte-FlrinK in Porto Rico.
While the boys of the United States
were snowballing and making snow
men, the Porto Ricah boys were out n
the streets and on
the Mils flying
. their, kites. The
kite fever began at
Christmas. - Luck
Try for the boys,
few of the towns
and- villages have
telegraph or tele
phone wires to mo
lest the aerial toys,
PORTO BICAJT BOT. ttlIU 11 18 ""servca
. (Whit ). that in such cities
as San Juan and Ponce, where the tele
graph wires are numerous,, the boys
have not indulged in the kite-flying ex
citement. But in Yauco and other
mountain towns the young Porto Rican
spends every moment of his noon hour
between school periods in hoisting the
airy plaything. . It is the best sport the
Porto Rican knows, for: ball-playing
has not been introduced in the island;
The Porto Rican boy shows a great
deal of originality, in ; making these
"volentines," as he calls them. Not only
are new shapes continually appearing,
but the variety of colors used lends
additional beauty to them. The ma
terials from "which they are made are
colored paper, colored cloth and light
bamboo sticks tied with cord. The cord
is much heavier than that used by boys
In the United States for the same pur
pose, for the strong breezeSin Porto
Rico would soon snap the string that Is
used nere. However, the main reason
for using the heavy cord is that the
boys know nothing of our pretty, white
cotton cord. - - ,",'.-
Muslin or-paper Is the covering for
the kites, which are of all shapes, sizes
and colors. The smaller boys have little
squares of paper with the Opposite cor
ners folded over and fastened at the
center for their kites. Older boys have
the real kites, made to fly high. These
are usually decorated with different
colored flaps to flutter in the-wind.
Some kites have the form of a' cross,
others of a bird, others are in the shape
of a triangle, in red, white and blue.
The most common form is the six-sided
kite, with all kinds of colored flaps.
Often the boys put their names on
their toys, and these can be read for
long distances. Chicago Record-Herald.
. First Railroad Accident on Recori.
.The first railroad accident that ever
happened was all due to the fact that
'the men who built , the railroad track
overlooked a. very important point In
the matter of engineering. In. 1829
George Stephenson, of Newcastle, Eng
land, completed ' the first successful
locomotive. Mr. Stephenson had been
trying to achieve .that end for a long
time. When his invention had practi
cally, reached perfection he made ar
rangements to give a public exhibition
of his wonderful machine. A track was
built, extending in a straight Tine for
some distance, "and -then bending
around in a great curve and coming
back to the place of starting. Large
crowds of people flocked to the scene
to witness the test. :
: But in buildiug the track the work
men forgot one important fact, which
seems simple enough to us of . to-day.
They neglected to raise the outside rail
higher than the inside rail. ' Stephen
son's engine sputtered and trembled,
and then started at a merry pace down
the straight track. The people cheered
and waved their hats. The engine
struck the curve, left the-' rails .and
dashed - across the field, coming to a
standstill at last. - .Stephenson and his
men were puzzled. Finally some' one
discovered, why it had happened. The
outside rail was raised slightly and the
second attempt was more successful.
You can see now in the curve of any
railroad track that the outer rail is
higher than the inner rail, and I think
any boy or girl can tell why It is nec
essary that this should be so.
; George Stephenson left a great inven
tion to the world, and yet when he was
18 years old he was. unable to "read. At
that age he began attendance at a night
school and learned with great rapidity.
The locomotive that he completed was
named the "Rocket," and was able to
run at a, speed of twenty-nine miles
an hour, which was considered marvel
ous at a time when horses were used
almost exclusively in traveling. ,
Do Ton Do These Thin cs? r '
.. It is bad manners to make remarks
about the food at dinner.
To talk about things which only in
terest yourself. - ..
To contradict your friends when they
are speaking.
SOME PORTO RICAN KITES. ; : ;
To grumble about your home and rel
atives to outsiders.
To say smart things which may hurt
some one's feelings. .
To dress shabbily In the morning be
cause no one will see you.
To be 'rude to those who serve you,
either in shop or at home.
To think first of your own pleasure
when you are giving a party? .
To refuse ungraciously when some
body wishes to do you a favor.
To behave In a street car or train as
If no one else had a right to be there.
To speak disrespectfully to any one
older than yourself . .
- Ona;ht to Be.
Little Margie What kind of a boat
is that out on the lake with one sail,
papa?"
Papa That's a catboat, my dear.
Little Margie And is the little one
following along behind a kitten-boat?.
When It Ii Wrong to Fight.
Teacher Bobby, don't you know that
it Is very wrong to fight?
Bobby (who got licked) Yes'm; 'tis
when the other feller's bigger'n you
are. ' ;V , . .. ..' ;
. Self-Kvldent.
Teacher Johnny, - what do
we
breathe? , ,
Johnny Air.
- Teacher That's right. Now, Tommy,
of what is air composed?
Tommy Breath.
-Almost an Angel -
Little Grace having, for the first time,
noticed her shoulder blades, came run
ning to her mamma and said: "Oh,
mamma, I'll, soon be an angel now; my
wings are growing."
Money Under False Pretenses."
The comment of the village critic in
Massachusetts, who remarked after a
performance, by the Chicago orchestra
that 'it is a long ways to bring a drum
from Chicago Just to hit it once," calls
to mind the excitement in Kansas City
at the first performance of Italian
opera.
The sale opened at 8 o'clock in the
morning, and the night before half the
town camped out in order to.be early
at the pox office. One of the richest
men in the country round about was
Uncle Andrew, and he shared In the
general excitement,, although he "let
on" that he was going merely to please
his wife. .- '
The night of the entertainment Uncle
Andrew arrayed - himself in bis very
best clothes and was one of the first to
arrive. The opera Was "Lucia di Lam
mermoor," and the cast was Well di
vided among Italians, Germans, French
and English. A few minutes before 9
o'clocjc the street, door of the rooms
that served as a club In those days
opened, and Uncle Andrew appeared.
He walked solemnly back to the enu
room, pulled a chair before the grate
fire and sat down to smoke.
"Hello, Uncle Andrew!" said one of
the younger members.. -"I thought you
were at the opera." : -
"Been," replied the old" gentleman,
shortly. :
"Didn't you enjoy it?" -
"Enjoy it?" Uncle Andrew plainly
showed his .deep disgust at the ques
tion.. "Enjoy it? Why, young men, the
hull blamed thing was In Latin !':
- Calhoun's Formal Woolns;.
Though ah ardent lover fretting at
time's slow course until his wedding
day, John C. Calhoun ' wrote bu t one
letter to his sweetheart his pretty
cousin Floride Calhoun. AH the other
communications, when the lovers were
separated,"- w.ere made through her
mother. - But shortly before their mar
riage "the Great Nulllfler" wrote ex
pressing his anxiety for the arrival of
the happy day, and the letter recently
come to light is published In the La
dies' Home Journal. After giving
hearty expression to the joy he has
found in her company the letter runs:
" ; It gives "me much satisfaction
that time and absence make no impres
sion on my love for you; it glows with
no less ardor -than at the moment of
parting, which must be a happy omen
of its permanent nature. ; When mere
personal charms attract, the impres
sion may be violent but cannot be last
ing, and It requires the perpetual pres
ence of the object to keep it alive; but
when the beauty of mind, the soft and
sweet disposition, the amiable and lov
able character embellished with Inno
cence and cheerfulness are united to the
attractions of personal beauty, it bids
defiance to time. Such, my dear Flor
ide, are the arms by which you have
conquered,and it is by these the dura
bility of your sovereignty is established
over your subject whom you bold in
willing servitude. - May God preserve
you. Adieu, my love; my heart's de
light : ; 1 am your true lover." .-.fv.
-h ." "We"' Gave Them Fits. , -
A small Canadian boy whose loyalty
to the British flag has got him into no
end of scrapes with patriotic American
youths of equally tender years, came
up to his father shortly after the battle
of Manila was fought, and, with a woe
begone expression, said:
- "Say,' father, didn't the English ever
lick any other boats without losing a
man?" The father was forced to con
fess that they had not.
"Well," said the youngster, "I guess
the Americans aren't so bad, after all,
are they?" - '.. ... -'
On the Fourth of July when young
America was celebrating the naval vic
tory at Santiago, the youthful upholder
of Great Britain was in the midst of a
band of ultra-patriotic boys setting off
firecrackers and cheering with the best
of them. -. - ' ..
"Here, boy! What are you cheering
for?" asked his father. ; , .
"Cheering for? .Oh, say, father;
didn't we give those, Spaniards fits!"
New York Commercial Advertiser. ;
.... ' .. . Y'
Too many prophets spoil the weather.
Tile and the LaTin of It.
Horseshoe tile are not as good for the
purpose of draining as round tile,
says a correspondent of Country Gen
tleman. While they would be reasona
bly sure to stay in place if properly
laid, they are not as efficient as round
tile. The reason they are not as efficient
is shown in the cut. If but a small
stream of water is flowing, it spreads
opt over the entire fiat surface of the
horseshoe tile, and there is not depth
enough of water to causa' the removal
of silt or sediment which may accumu
late. It is far more difficult to lay
horseshoe tile and do good work than
to lay round tile. If the round tile-does
not make a tight Joint with its neigh
bor, it may be turned until a place Is
found where the Joint is reasonably
satisfactory. If the horseshoe tile does
not fit with its neighbor, then the shov
el must be used and earth removed or
filled in as the occasion may require.
If horseshoe tile are used, they will do
better work if they are laid with the
flat tile up, for then conditions as to
flow of the water are produced which
are nearly like those present with the
round tile. When round tile are laid,
it is well to lay a piece of common
tarred building paper over . the joint
before Ailing in with earth. No matter
how tight the joint is made there is
HOUND TILE.
H0B8E8H0E TILE.
always a slight opening, and there Is
a" possibility that soil may pass into
the tile and obstruct the passage. Af
ter the tile are placed a small piece of
building paper laid over the joint just
before replacing the earth will insure
against obstruction.
- The Round Silo.
. As every, student of mathematics
knows, the circle is the shortest line
which can inclose any given area.
When the material for building a silo
is an Important object to be considered,
the round silo will contain more than
any other that can be built at the same
cost for lumber, and thus it is the better
form for many, but we think not for
all. A silo built In the barn taking one
or more of the bays used for hay, and
extending from the cellar floor, if there
is a barn cellar, to hear the' roof, can
often be put in at small cost, simply by
lining the outer . walls and making
strong partitions on the inner sides, and
the space so taken up will not be need
ed for hay unless the stock kept is to be
increased, as the ensilage in it will
feed more animals than all the hay that
could be packed in It, as farmers mow
away their hay. Of course we are not
speaking of baled hay, because the
farmers do not often bale hay that
they intend to feed out at home. But a
cubic foot of ensilage in a silo eighteen
to twenty-five feet deep will average
to weigh about forty pounds, which Is
a fair amount to give a cow. each day
with the hay and grain that should go
with it, and a farmer an very easily
figure how large a space would be need
ed to provide food for his stock. Many
of them could not as easily figure the
solid contents of a round silo if given
dimensions, though they may have chil
dren who have graduated from high
school who could do so. But the silo In
the barn requires but little extra lum
ber and no. extra roof, and It keeps the
food very near where it Is wanted.
Those who have limited capital often
have to choose the cheaper way if it is
not the ' better way. New England
Farmer. ;
Clover and Corn for Stock.
If one could raise good. crops every
year of clover and corn, there would
be little difficulty in providing stock
with suitable food, says a Michigan
farmer. Clover I regard as a double
ration, taking the place really of hay
and grain. It is possible to winter
horses and stock on clover without pro
ducing any ill effects or reducing them
much hi weight' and strength. This I
would not advocate except as an exper
iment or in an emergency. What our
stock needs is variety, and while clover
might supply both hay and grain con
stituents there would be the possibility
of inducing sickness and poor appetite
from the lack of variety. Clover," of
course, produces a direct beneficial ef
fect upon the soil and adds to it more
than the corn takes away. Persistent
cultivation of corn on any field must in
time reduce the soil fertility to such a
low point that succeeding crops will
suffer. . With clover as a part of a ro
tation there would be little chance of
such soil degeneration. -- . .
- Weights an i Measures.
The old saying that "a pint Is a
pound all the world 'round" does not
hold good with the many grain feeds.
They -vary much, and as the papers
when giving balanced rations usually
express themselves in pounds,: while
the farmer usually feeds by measure,
dipping it up with the handy two-quart
measure, it may be well to know just
what a quart weighs. : We copy from
the Rural . New Yorker this table,
which we think Is nearly accurate for
weights of a quart Coarse wheat
bran Vi pound, coarse wheat middlings
4-6 pound, wheat, mixed feed, 8-5
pound, fine wheat middlings 1. pounds".
linseed meal the same, gluten feed L2
pounds, gluten meal 1.7 pounds, corn
meal and cotton seed VA pounds each.
To dip up a measure full of fine mid
dlings is to give more than twice as
much as to use the same dish full of
coarse bran, which may be a good rea
son why many get the best results
from feeding the finer grain, while
corn meat weigns three times as much
as the bran. Massachusetts Plough
man. Raising or Buying Feed.
Where the farmer grows the fodder
and grain for his animals he Is justified
in feeling that it bas cost less than it
would if he paid the cash for it in the
market if he has been successful in get
taing good crops. He bas made a mar- "
tof t,l . ! .1. . . . ,
"io vwu iuuurt me lauor oi nis
team and use of tools, and for the ma
nure that was a waste product of his
stock. All of that forms a part of his
profit, and the crops may be said to
have cost him the seed, hired labor and
fertilizer bought But It may not be
may be able to sell it and purchase oth
er food materials that would give him
enough better results to repay bira for
the labor of drawing both ways. Bran
and gluten feed produce so much more
milk than corn meal that he may sell
the corn he has raised, and buy the
other feeds which he does not raise.
Other foods are better for hens than
the corn, or even than oats. Tho man
who tries to be so independent as neith
er to buy nor sell, had better set up
a hand loom and a cobbler's bench, to
save spending money for clothing. We
could fatten hogs and cattle on turnips
and onions cheaper when we sold them
and bought our corn than we could to
have fed the roots, and we thought
cheaper than if we had grown the corn.
Exchange.
cnangtng r eea.
We like to get new seed for farnT
crops rrom more Northern points, as
the crop not only ripened earlier, but
yielded better. We remember one year
getting some seed potatoes from Ver
mont, and as we did not get as many
as we wanted to plant we bought some
of a neighbor who raised them the year
befre from Vermont seed, and finally
finished with a row or so of seed which
had been grown on the farm where we
were. All were of the same variety,
and looked equally good, and all plant
ed the same day. The home-grown
seed yielded half as large a crop as
that we got from the neighbor a&d
about one-third as that which came
from Vermont. We have ripened a
good crop of corn from. Canadian seed,
when the frost badly hurt that In our
neighbor's field planted as early as was
ours. Seeds from Southern melons
fail to produce a good crop in Massa
chusetts, and we have thought that
other garden seeds were not as good
when purchased from, our Southern
dealers as when we knew they were
of Northern growth. American Culti
vator. Grrde Mothers.
It seems to be a principle in breeding
that when two animals of different
breeds are mated, the influence of the
one which is the nearest pure bred, if
both are in equal vigor and strength,
will be the most potent in Its effects
upon the offspring. If one is weak or
In poor condition, the other may attain
the ascendency, as surely will be the
case with the one that is of a pure bred
and the other only a grade. When
both are equal in breeding and health,
it Is unsafe to predict which parent the
offspring will most resemble, as It may
vary according to their condition at the
time of mating. This will explain why
many who have begun to grade up
their herds by the use of a pure bred
male have succeeded better than those
who ha.ve trie! to effect a cross be
tween two good breeds. And this is
true of poultry as of animals. '
The Pea Lons?.
We hear of some who say they will
riot try to grow green peas this year,
because they lost their crop last year
by the aphis or plant lice on the vines.
We would not cease to plant them for
two reasons. . If the insects came on so
abundantly as to threaten destruction
of the crop, we would plow them In,
which would destroy every insect and
the green crop would be a good fertiliz
er on which to grow some other late
crop, as winter beets or cabbages, or
to set tomatoes, or to sow spinach or
kale for next spring. But more than
that these plagues of plant lice are sel
dom troublesome more than two, or
three years in succession, often disap
pearing as suddenly as they came,
while if no peas are to be found they
can as well live on the clover as on
peas. If there are peas they prefer
them to clover, and they are destroyed
with the peas. Exchange.
Farm Notes.
Mongolian pheasants are being suc
cessfully reared in Ohio. " -
The farmers of northeastern Ohio are
making a great thing of the onion crop.
To push along the lima beans an I
cucumbers start them on sods in the
hotbed or cold frame.
A commercial estimate of the cran
berry crop of the United States for
1900 places it at 189.000 barrels.
All the world seems to have gone to
raising mushrooms lately. Luck fly.
their popularity seems to be- increasing '
with the supply.
Spurry Is said to be of value as a
catch crop on light sandy soils, which
it Improves when turned under. It re-.
nuiron considerable moisture. .
- Cheap farm fire insurance on the mu
tual basis at low rates Is the interest
ing experiment Inaugurated by a Mas
sachusetts grange.- :," . - , ;
Sow eggplant in the' hotbed and
transplant high to other beds or pots.
Plants must have good beds, , for a
check In their growth means all the
difference between profit and loss, savs
Bailey, :