SEMI-WEEKL.Y.
ITWfOW K.tBb. July, 187.
GAZETTE Kstab. Dec, 186.
j Consolidated Feb., 1899.
CORVALLIS, BENTON COUNTY, OREGON, TUESDAY, JANUAKY 8, 1901.
VOL. I. NO. 17.
THE FOUR WINDS.
Wind of the North,
Wind of the Norland snows,
Wind of the winnowed skies, and sharp,
clear stars
Blow cold and keen across the naked
. hills,
And crisp the lowland pools with crys
tal films,
And blur the casement' squares with glit
tering ice.
But go. not near my love.
Wind of the West, '
Wind of the few, far clouds,
Wind of the gold and crimson sunset
lands -Blow
fresh and pure across the peaks
and plains,
And broaden the blue spaces of the
.heavens, . .
And sway the grasses and the mountain
pines,
But let my dear one rest.
Wind of the East, ...
Wind of the sunrise seas.
Wind of the clinging mists and gray,
harsh rains,
Blow moist and chill across the wastes of
brine,
And shut the sun out, and the moon and
stars,
And lash the boughs against the dripping
eaves,
Yet keep thou from my love. - .
But thou, sweet wind!
Wind of the fragrant South,
Wind from the bowers of jasmine, and of
-rose - .
Over magnolia blooms and lilied lakes -And
flowering forests come with dewy
-wings,
And stir the petals at her feet, and kiss
The low mound where she lies.
Charles Henry Luders.
I DRIFTWOOD.
S'VE walked too far," she said wear
ily. "I'm tirud." She sat down on
a log at the edge of the wood and
looked off at the lake. She was not in
ber first youth Janet Long.. Her eyes
showed experiences and sorrow; yet In
society she passed for a brilliant wom
an. Hex critics accounted her some
what too exclusive. But her critics
were few in comparison with the num
ber of her friends.- This day, with the
chilly autumnal wind announcing that
-.' the summer was at its close, she had
walked into the ' v.oods with Elwin
. Walker, one of the men who had madr
up her brother's house party.
"I've bee'n-careless, Miss Long," h
confessed,.: ought ro- have, remem-
I Vt-WALKED TOO rABt" SHB Si IB,
- WEARILY.' -
bered that such a jaunt would wear
you out. lou look chilled, too."
"I am," she said. "I'm cold and and
lonely." -
"You look as if you were though for
you to say that you are lonely is not,
perhaps, much of a compliment to me."
"I didn't mean it for a compliment or
a criticism. It's the truth."
He looked at her with a sudden flame
' coming into his eyes. . .
"If you are lonely, he cried, "it's
your own fault. If you would let
me " ' -
"The human soul is always lonely, I
luppose," she replied. "But I'm stupid!
Please forgive me. I said I was tired
but I was mistaken. I'm really cold.
Come down to the beach, and build a
' fire of driftwood."
. He couldn't follow her mood but
that was nothing strange. She . had
baffled and perplexed him for a long
time. She ran down the embankment
like a 'girl, and began tugging great
pieces of driftwood and ' broken
branches of trees to one spot He
c, n
the grace of her tall, slender figure; the
beauty of her tossing hair beneath her
slouched gray hat;' the Insouciant gay
ety of her laughter, and her mood made
ber more charming to him than she had
ever been before. They heaped the
driftwood high and sat down before it
together, and as the ftamesleaped up,
surprising the dun sand and the gray
water and sky, she fell to talking.
"Old 'Ships, old wharves, old trees,"
she said musingly, looking Into the
heart of the fire. :.. : .
"Old loves, old memories, old pains,'?
he said, musingly, too. ."'-.'.-
"I can Imagine .the time when the
ships sailed the lake triumphantly, and
when the wharves were staunch and
of much service to men, and the trees
felt .- the sun and the wind in their
branches,'" murmured Janet Long.
"I can xemember when the love was
full of hope, when there were more, an
ticipations than memories, and when
there was no pain," said El win Walker;
A silence fell between them. The lake
made a melancholy : murmur on the
shore. The flames, leaped and crackled.
The wind stirred through the dead,
coarse grasses in the sand.
"We'll be back in town presently,"
Mid' Janet with a brisk reopening of
conversation. "I shall have new gowns,
and you'll make visits te your tailor.,
I'll see people, and bear music, and go
dancing, and will repeat poetry at teas,
and commit other sins."
"And I shall never see you except for
a moment when you are talking airy
nothings. I call on you at the opera for
a moment, or troop in with a dozen
others at your evenings. You'll have on
all manners of furbelows and they
won't become you half so much as that
roughing outfit you have on now. You'll
pretend you are intellectual and you
know you aren't particularly. You'll
affect a heartless gayety and you
know you are neither heartless nor gay.
I'm saying good-by to you to-day, as a
matter of fact."
"You're saying good-by to my. sum
mer self. My winter self is far more
improving." ..'-,- r
"The flames are getting low. ; We
might as well be going home."
"You are in a hurry." . - '.' .. .
"Yes, for if we stay here any longer
I'll tell some things which I would rath
er not say."
"Say them."
. "You have forbidden me to do so."
"But now I give you permission."
"You give me permission? , You mean
that I may tell you that my whole life
is being embittered by your refusal to
let me tell you how I love you? You
realize that when I leave here to-morrow
I leave all that makes life attrac
tive or even endurable? My. whole life
has become centered in you. There Is
something haunting and subtle about
your personality which has bound me
as with an enchantment. You are the
core of the 'world to me. It is mysteri
ous, I confess. " Why, out' of millions
of human beings should you be the only
one who can give me Joy? Why must
I read a book with your eyes and listen
to an opera with your ears, and care
only for a beautiful morning because I
think the radiance Of it shines on you?
I can't tell. But It is so." -
She got up and heaped more pieces
of the driftwood on the flame. Then
she sat down by it again, folding 'her
arms about her knees.
"I am not young," she said, "nor
beautiful, nor gay, nor of the best
courage. I am inclined to ask ques
tions of life. If I were' married I might
be inclined to ask questions of love.
I should be for saying: 'Is this the best
that life can offer?. Is this the ulti
matum of love?' " : v:
"I don't care how much you ques
tion," he answered, throwing himself
forward in the sand so that he could
look Into aer eyes, "If you will stay
near me. If I can see you in my home,
you may question as mucir- as . you J
piease.
She looked down at him for "a mo
ment and then her whole face changed,
breaking into an expression of radiant
joy. . ; ' , ''- v; -.
" "I believe. I ought to be able to get as
much, out of life as any one else," she
said. "The truth is, I love you. I love
you do you hear? But I was afraid to
test my" capacity for joy." . ; . "J: ; .
; He put an arm about her with a tense
clasp. ' .-'...-''--;.'..--
"Do not be afraid," he said.. By the
light of the flaming driftwood they saw
joyful love each in the eyes of the
other. Chicago Tribune.
Chinese Ignorance.
y R. E. Speer.'ln Frank Leslie's Popu
lar Monthly, says: ; "One of the de
lights of travel-in China Is the innocent
ignorance of the people.; "They think
themselves the most sophisticated and
heaven-enlightened, people on this
earth, and so make their naive childish
ness the "more engaging. They live
very close to the primeval superstitions,
and the gods and devils, between whom
they make little practical distinction,
command their healthy respect. -.- Our
slipper boat men stuck a bunch of in
cense sticks Into the bank at the foot
of some bad rapids, to placate the favor
of the spirits of the rarilds, who indeed
was so far p'.eased 'as to let us ascend.
Our house boat admiral laid out an
elaborate pffering of chicken and rice
and soup and pork and chicken blood
and lighted candles as we .entered the
North River on our-downward journey.
"What'is this for, captain?" we asked.
"For the ' enjoyment of the spirits of
the river," he rep:ied; "they are eating
half the sacrifice." "But it is all here
still," we told, him at the close. "Well,"
he replied, "at least, the candles are
gone." " -
Vigorous Measures.
For a long time the favorite form of
"make believe" of little Faith was that
of "getting married." For weeks she
was a bride, marching down an imagin
ary aisle to the strains of an imaginary
wedding march,.to meet an imaginary
bridegroom. At last, her mother becom
ing tlred of It she said: '-; 1 -;: , ;
"Faith, don't you know . that when
you get married you will have to leave
me?" . --' "' ;: - ;.-':, - i'- :"
This was a rude awakening, and the
game stopped. - ;
Not long afterward she came to ask.
the difference between "Miss" andJ
"Mrs. To make herself clear her
mother said: - V-r r ; , '
. "Well, when you grow up and become
a young- lady you" will be Miss Butler;
but if some' man should ask you to mar
ry him"
"I'd call a - policeman!" exclaimed
Faith, and her interest was at an end.
It Is probably safe to say, however
that In a dozen years from now rh
future "man" need not seriously co
sider the chances of arrest
Crashing.
-. Hospitable 110810068 any gentle
man say pudden? .
Precise Guest No, sir; no gentleman
says puddon. Boston Courier. .
When a girl gives a concert shi
makes nearly -as much from advertis
ing on her program as she makes fion.
admissions at the door.
6R BOYS AND GIRLS.
THIS IS THEIR DEPARTMENT OF
' THE PAPER. ..-; "
Quaint Sayings and Cute Doings of the
Little Polka Everywhere, Gathered
and Printed Here for All Other Lit
tle Ones-to Read.
Here are a 14-year-old boy's direct
tlons for making an inexpensive toy
railroad: : . -.- , -.
To make a car is not very hard, but
may require patience. . First, you need
two blocks of wood about 6 inches long,
2 Inches wide and 1 inch thick. Bore
two holes through each block about 5
inches apart and one half an inch from
the bottom, as in Figure 1. Then take
two spools (quite large ones), and put a
round piece of wood or a spike about 6
inches long through the spools and into
the holes you bored; put a board oil top
of the blocks of wood and your car is
finished aVB looks like Figures 2 and 3.
The track is made of strips of wood
FT..
i
about .one quarter.oj-an .Inch high and
far enough apart so that " the wheels
of the car will fit it Figure 4. .
Switches can be" made in a simple
way, as shown m Figure 5.
Let A be the switch station and B the
lever which controls the switch, O.
Connect the switch to the lever, as
shown in Figure 5, and by pulling the
lever you can move the switch. '-. -
- Put a post at the end of the railroad
and fasten a string on each end of the
car and around The posts. You can
then make the car go by pulling this
string, as in Figure 6. . r
... s -
"Counting Out."
. The counting-out rhymes used by
children in determining such questions
as who shall be "It" in hide-and-seek,
etc., are found in almost every part of
the world. : An - author Interested In
such matters has collected no fewer
than 8T3 separate specimens, or varia
tions of -specimens; tncludlng 464 En
glish,' 269 German, 21 French, as well
as examples in .Dutch, Turkish,' Ar
menian, Marathi, Japanese, Penobscot
iNorth American Indian), Arabic, Ro
many, Italian, Bulgarian, ; modern
Greek, Swedish, Hawaiian, etc. Many
of these are evidently of common ori
gin; the English one beginning,. "Ena
inena, mlna, mo" has representatives in
many European languages. The.rhymes
are of great antiquity, and are said to
be survivals of mystical charms and in
cantations used In sortilege or divina
tion by lot, and in other similar-matters,
iy the sorcerers-and pretended
wizards of bygone times. Those who
hold this opinion maintain that these
phrases have survived among children,
though no longer used by adults, just as
other things e. g., bows and arrows are
used by children In their games, though
long since abandoned by their elders.
The rhymes are certainly very old, and
It is well known that in ancient times
questions were often decided by lot It
Is also clear that, not only in the Dark
Ages, but long before, similar jingling
"charms" were used by pretended wiz
ards and by quacks. The features com
mon to all the rhymes, such - as the
form and metre, the mixture of gibber
ish and' known words, Certainly seem to
point to some common origin.
- . The Prince's Punishment.
as a child, the young Crown Prince
of Germany, whose recent coming of
age was celebrated with such pomp.
possessed a very exalted opinion of his
own Importance as heir to the throne,
of which his younger brothers were fre
quently the' victims. Admonitions,
threats, nothing availed withalim. He
grew daily more exacting and captious,
and when poor Eitel Fritz, the second
son, rebelled, he paid the penalty In
well administered- juffs. . The Emperor
appeared unexpectedly In the play
room one day, and finding Fritz in
tears, demanded the cause. " " .
"He wouldn't obey me," replied his
ir, "and so I punished him, because
I'm Crown Prince.
"Haven't I forbidden- you to strike
your brothers?" asked the father.
The young culprit nodded assent. The
Emperor, without a word, -stretched
him across bis knee and administered
as sound a. spanking as ever youngster.
royal or otherwise, received.
"There," he concluded, "I've whipped
ou because you wouldn't obey me, and
'nl Emperor. .
yrjl wWmmiiiwmm -
II I Tl -TTTlMr ' -
Needless to add that peace reigned
among the brothers for some days af
terward. Collier's Weekly.
- The Squirrel's Arithmetic -
High on the branch of a .walnut tree
A bright-eyed squirrel sat;
What was he thinking so earnestly?
And what was he looking at?
He was doing a problem o'er and o'er;
Busily thinking was he
How many nuts for his winter's store
Could he hide in the hollow tree.
He sat so still on thejswaying bough
You might have thought him asleep;
Oh, no; he was trying to reckon now "
The nuts the babies could eat -
Then suddenly he, frisked about
And down the tree he ran; -
"The best way to do, without a doubt
Is to gather all I can."; ..
Trees.- I ;
I saw a shoe-tree advertised, .
I bought me one or.jtwo,
But I haven't been s lucky as.
To raise a single shjbe. ; - v ;
Detroit Journal.
TRAVEL OF DOUBTFUL VALUE,
Save for the Study of LaUKuatces a Trip
to Knrope Is Not Advisable. -
In a series of papers 00 the education
of children Florence Hull Winterburn
writes as follows In the Woman's Home
Companion upon the benefits of travel: :
'It is quite doubtful whether children
get much permanent benefit from trips
to Europe. : For the purpose of learning
modern languages residence abroad for :
a few years between the ages of 8 and
12 is of great advantage. But other
wise these tours are rather detrimental ,
than useful. To see many things which
we cannot understand; and have no
present-desire to understand, brings
about a habit of indifference to what is
strange.' The youthful tourist often
shows this in his face. He is blase with
wonders. He has begun at the wrong
end, and it is doubtful if he can ever
get back the freshness, the enthusiastic
curiosity which 'has been quenched.
"All this is unnatural. -rThe young are
eager explorers when they are Journeyr
ing toward what has Interest for them.
But their sympathies are more with the
present with the near-by. -. For this rea
son we should be ruled by the axiom of
our greatest modern philosopher, and
proceed from . the known to the un
known.' Familiarize a child early with
his surroundings, and -so prepare him
gradually for extended" journeyings.
Show him all the interesting features of
his native place, the haunts which
strangers come to see, and which pos
siblv you Jiave never ti'kpn the trtmhln
to visit How often, hate J. hoard elders
ly men and women say "- that they, al
ways meant to go to see such a place,
within easy access of their homes, but
haven't got there yetl ' .,' ""-;
: "I do not say that one should see the
whole of bis own country before going
abroad; but he should see its character
istic features. Our land is .the land of
the living. Offering immense contrasts.
presenting in little all the races and
something of their life, it yet deals with
what touches ourselves at every point.
It is most interesting to youth. While
Europe, full of the deadT mingled at
every turn with suggestions that ap
peal to "a mature, cultured mind, may
well be reserved as the capsheaf of a
complete education." 1 . --
TWO MATINEE GIRLS.
And How Performance Was Spoiled
.... - -...., ... for Them. .- .
The sympathy and affection that one
woman", sometimes feels for another
who is a stranger to her was illustra
ted at a matinee recently. v
- Woman No. 1 had come in and placed
her coat on a vacant seat beside her.
She kept on her bonnet :': 5 r
Woman No. 2 then entered, took the
chair on the other side of the vacant
seat and, taking off her hat a mag
nificent structure, placed" It on top the
other's coat -.-.. '- :f .
. Woman Ko. 1 evidently regarded this
as a great impertinence. She stared
and stared at her neighbor over, the
Intervening space bridged by the hat
and the coat but that young woman
Was busily studying her program and
refused to see the glances. .
Then woman No. 1" did a most un
neighborly thing, for she pulled her
coat oft the seat with an impatient toss,
and, of course,' sent the hat flying. It
landed under the chair In; front on the
tip of an iridescent wing, rolled over
twice and finally rested on the cloth of
gold roses with, which the brim was
massed. . ' ...; -;: ..."-'-- :;;-.-.'.'
; Its owner fished It out 'with much 'dif
ficulty and her cheeks were flushed and
her eyes flashing as she straightened
the flowers, felt of the wing to see If
If was Intact and flecked some dust off
the grebe breast that ornamented one
side. '
Then she turned her attention to the
villainess who had wrought this ruin.
It was a quiet attention, as if she were
calculating the exact reason for such
a creature's existence, and the other
woman writhed under it perceptibly.
. Then hoth turned their attention to
the stage and an armed peace ensued,
but It was noticeable that woman JNo'
2 kept her:' hat In her- lap -and a pro
tecting hand upon it thereafter,, while
woman NO;. 1 sprawled her coat luxuri
ously all oyer the vacant chair. '
"'' - - K,;,. i. .. . . ; TV--'
' Silken Garments in Ancient Days.
Silken raiment has a standing among
the oldest garments in the world. Robes
of that material were word by men and
women alike 2,500 years before the
birth of Christ
" Immigration Into Canada.
immigration returns show that '24,
OQQ people settled In Canada in the last
six months. 4
When a sure-thing man takes anoth
er in out of the rain It is apt to be a
questionable transaction. -
RAM'S HORN. BLASTS.
Warning; Notes Calling; the Wicked to
Repentance.
ONT make meal
of your seed
corn.. : .'". -1 ..
The fruit that
r 1 p e n 8 earliest
rots first -
The skeptic
stands on his
head - and ' says,
"See me hold up
the world." -
There are too
few families
where Martha
has a chance to be envious of Mary.:
Bigotry places opinion before truth.
' Religion Is a reality, not a rhapsody.
Spirituality is not a matter of spasms.
No man Is great whose aims are
3mall. ' . .... . ' '. . - -
Innocence may be but Ignorance, but
virtue wins victory after strife.
It is always easier to fight the shadow
Df a past sin than to face a new one. ' -.
He who seeks to warm his hands at
ie fire of lust will burn his whole body.
The devil says, "You may control the
wheels; only let me manage the king
belt" ' - : . '.-' ' --.
Some methods of raising money for
churches are sucessful only in raising
uanimon. .
When a man blushes for hard drink-
Jig the effort concentrates itself in the
middle of his face. " z
No man has the right to say, "I have
rot to live;" he must live to say, "I
lave got to do right."
AN IRISH JAUNTING CAR.
Kb r escribed by Kate Douglas Wlgerin,
Maine's Gifted Writer.
A long line of vehicles, outside cars
md cabs, some of them battered and
ihaky, others sufficiently well looking,
yas gathered on two sides of the green,
lays Kate Douglas Wiggin in the At
antic, for Dublin, you know, is "the
;ar driving city'in the world." Fran
:esca and I. had our first experience
rcsterday. It. is ' easy to tell the
itranger, stiff, decorous, terrified, clutch
ng the rail with one or both hands,
mt we. took- for our model a pretty
Irish girl, who looked like nothing so
nuch as a bird on a swaying Dougn.
it is no longer called .the "jaunting,"
ut the outside car, and there is an
rtber charming Word lost to the world.
;There was formerly an- inside car,
o, but It is almost unknown in Dub
In, though still fountl in some of the
smaller towns. An outside car has'its
wheels practically Inside the bodyv of
:he vehicle, but an inside car carries its
"wheels outside. This definition was
riven us by an Irish driver, but lucid
definition . is not perhaps,-, an Irish
nan's strong point It is clearer to say
:hat the passenger sits outside 'of the
wheels on the one,' inside on the other.
There are seats for two persons over
jach of the two' wheels and a "dicky"
for the driver in front, should he need
;o use it Ordinarily he sits on one side,
irivirig while you perch on the other,
ind thus you jog along, each seeing
yourjBwn side o the road and discus
sing the topics of the day across the
'well," as the covered-in center of the
:ar is called. ' - - , . .. ;
j. There are those who do not agree
with its champions who call it "Cupid's
bwtT conveyance;",- they find the seat
too small for, two, yet feel it a bit tin
sociable when' the companion occupies
the opposite side. To me a modern
DubMn car with rubber tires and a good
Irish horse is the jolliest. conveyance
in the universe; there is a liveliness,
in irresponsible gayety, in, the spring
and sway -of it; an ease in the half-
Loungihg position against the cushions:
a unique charm in "traveling ' edger
ways" with your feet planted on the
step. ' You must not be afraid of the
car if you want to enjoy It Hold ' to
the rail if you must, at first though it's
just as bad form as clinging to your
horse's mane 'while riding in the Row.
Your driver will take all the chances
that a crowded thoroughfare gives him;
he would scorn to leave- more than an
inch between your feet and a Guin
ness beer dray; he will shake your
Bounces and furbelows in the very win
dows of the' passing-trams,- but he Is
beloved by the gods, and. nothing ever
happens to him. " . '
' Your Chair and Your Desk.
- Some curious experiments have been
made by a Harvard professor to prove
what is really the best height for the
chair you sit on and the desk you write
at Every person, it appears, ought to
have a chair specially made to suit his.
or her height, and the seat of the chair .
should be exactly one-quarter of'our
height from the floor. 1 Thus, if you- are
six feet high, the chair seat should be'
eighteen inches. The width of the seat !
should exactly equal its height and it
should slope backwards three-quarters
of an inch to the foot - The back should
be a trifle higher than the seat and
sloped slightly, not too much. Finallyi
your desk should be two-thirds as high
again as the seat of your chair. Thus,;!
if your chair seat is twenty-four inches,
the desk should be forty inches La
height. When, you have attended to'
all these little details you can sit and
write all day Without feeling that back-'
ache that comes from chairs and desks
that don't fit you. Hartford (Conn.)
Post. ". . -.
One of John Chinaman's Ways,
A Chinaman places his surname first
then his titles, if he has any, and last
ly his "Christian" name. -
i Wise Is the man who never trifles
with an unloaded gun, a woman's opin-
j ion of herself or the business end of a
wasp. .- -. - , .'- --.".i
l The brow of a hill may not be'wrin
j tied but it is often furrowed. i
Fruit Storage Honae.
The Vermont Station gives a descrip
tion, with Illustration, of a frame stor
age house In which low- temperature
and ventilation are provided by throw
ing open doors and windows . during
cool spells In the fall and keeping them
closed at other times. The house is 30
by 50 feet and has two stories and base
ment The basement and first floor are
used . for. storing fruit and hold 1,000
barrels each. The second 'floor Is for
empty barrels, etc. The building has
double walls and double windows. An
oil stove gives heat-enough to keep the
fruit from freezing In winter. The. lum
ber used in the construction of this
house was as follows: - - . ,
Three thousand five ' hundred feet
wall boarding, 3,000' feet roof boarding,
3,500 feet ceiling (inside), 7,200 feet
floor boards (double floors), 4,000 feet
clap-boards, 25 bundles lath, and 22
squares slate. : ''
. Outside Finish Two hundred feet
(linear measure) 5-inch crown mold; 1SX
feet (linear measure) 3-inch bed moid,
APPLE BTOBAOK HOUSE.
300 feet (linear measure) .by 10 mold
for freize and facia, 200 feet (linear
measure) by 7 base and water tables,
200 feet (linear measure) by 12
planers. - ' , " " ."
i-GorneF boards, -four places, Tby 5, 15
feet; four pieces by 6, 15 feet.
Sills, eight pieces, 2 by 8, 15 feet; 16
pieces, 2 by 8, 13 feet
. Floor Joists, 56 pieces, 2 by 9, J.5
feet; 26 pieces, 2 by 9, 30 feet
Collar ties to rafters," 26 pieces, 1
by 9, 19 feet -V
Wall studs, 100 pieces, 3 by 4,14 feet;
20 pieces, 3 by 4, 12 feet
Rafters, 56 pieces, 2 by 8," 21 feet '
-Braces, 26 pieces, 2 by. 6, 6, feet; 26
pieces, 1 by 6, 8 feet. : '
Ribbons, 16 pieces, 1 by 4, 13 feet
- Ridge poles, four piecs, 2 by 12, 13
feet ' . .. . . - . ,
- This bill is estimated at $443.69, and
the house cost $1,500 finished. The la
bor of building was performed by the
owner at spare times. ' ,'
Such storage buildings as the one
just described, "which depends on the
husbanding and utilization of low tem
perature during cold waves in early
spring and Tall, would not of course,
fulfill, their purpose during the hot sum
mer months. They are obviously best
adapted to a cold climate, such as is ,
found In the Northern States. Here j
- they can, in the opinion of the New
Hampshire Stajtion, be made more use-
, ful in our present transitional period
of storage construction than any other.
Their defect is that they do not main-
CROSS SECTION OF APPLE HOUStt.
tain a sufficiently low and even tem
perature," and They would be of little
use in a warm climate. It is, however,
but a step from such a fruit house to
ice storage. Aside from the details of
construction, the only difference is that
the upper story is used for storing ice,
thus cooling the air In the top of the
building, which sinks and in turn cools
the room below. " .- -
- Market Value of Ensilage. -V ,
ProC . Phelps makes quite an elabor
ate' computation as regards a fair mar
ket value of ensilage, from which he
decides that It Is worth about one-third
to one-fourth the price per tonvof a
good stock hay free from clover. He
figures it in this way t There is ahout
480 pounds of water free or dry-matter
in a ton of ensilage and 1,740 pounds
in a ton of hay, but when the digesti
bility is calculated there is 336 pounds
of food elements digestible in the ton
of silage, and about 1,000 pounds in the
ton of hay, being near enough to call it
one-third of tie food value. ' But we
do not always'compute the value to the
dairyman by the nutritive value if the
Professor does. The more succulent
and easily digested silage when given
as a part of the food ration -will pro
duce more rdilk than one-third of - Its
weight in hay. That Is those who have
tried it say that thirty pounds of en-
i ,
Ma
silage a day with ten pounds of hay
will give better results than twenty
pounds of hay. As those who have
grown It for years say the cost when
in the silo is from $.50 per ton with
best machinery up to $3.50 when much
hand labor is used, we think it is profit
able for the farmer to put up his ensil
age. Keep the Boys on the Farm.
A great deal of plausible advice has
been given under this heading, which
may or may not be practicable when
applied to real life. But one secret of
keeping the boys in the country home,
and thus solving -the abandoned farm
problem, is in arousing their interest
and giving them some personal share
in that farm, something which they can
feel is their own, and which will be
theirs also when the time comes for its
sale. For this purpose nothing Is better
than poultry raising. Many a boy has
become a successful poultry keeper by
having a pair of bantam fowl given
him when a child, and being made re
sponsible for their care and keeping.
Do not discourage the crude attempts
of the boy, nor laugh at his enthusiasm,
but tactfully point out the best way to
accomplish the end he desires; show
him how to care for his little flock, and
foster his interest in every way. Teach
him about the nature and habits of the
hen, and cultivate in him the faculty of
careful observation. - ,
As the boy grows up, his Interest will
deepen, and when the time comes that
boys are tempied away from the farm
by the attractions of city life, he will
be unwilling to leave the business
which he has built up and whleh he
finds profitable. Give him occasionally
a pair of fancy fowl; encourage him to
exhibit at the fair and to take a pride -in
the condition of the feathered com
munity under his care. ,
A subscription to a good poultry Jour
nal or live-farm paper, if he Is at all
inclined to reading, will help to stimu
late his interest If the boy, the aver
age country boy, has a pleasant money-making
employment, he. will not of
ten desire to leave the farm; and that
employment may often be found-in-poultry
raising. It is a business which',
is never likely to "be OTercrowdecL V Ea".
courage "the boys; they are the life
blood'of New England. Maine Farmer."'
Clean Milk.'
To secure cleanliness in milking the
American - Agriculturist suggests a
wooden hoop a little smaller than the
top . of the . milk
pail. Put a square
of cheesecloth over
the top of the pail
and . hold in in
place by the hoop,
as shown. This is
an aid to cleanly
milking and can be
PAIL COV15B.
made in ten minutes. The cloth should
be .washed after each milking, when -It
will be ready for use again. This sim
ple device will do Just as well as the .
tin tops that come ready to be adjusted
to the tops of the milk pails, and the
homemade affair will cost nothing. ..
Birnyard Sheds.
We once knew a man who decided .
that' he ' would make a tight board
fence on the north and east sidesxf his
barnyard to protect the cattle from the
wind, as It would cost but little more :
than any other snug fence. When this
was done he found that a little expense
would roof over the space between the
fence at one side and end and the build
ing. Then he .had a shed, not quite
water tight for he did not shingle it
but, battened the cracks, where the cat
tle .could stand while he was cleaning
out the stables and spreading the bed; '
ding in a stormy day, and longer when "
the sun shone into it, and they were '
much more comfortable. - It was pleas
ing to see how the cattle would, gather
in that shed Rafter they had .drank,
while waiting for the door to open that
they might go into the barn. The ex
pense was small and was' more than re
paid by the comfort' of the cattle, and '
probably by saving of food, though the
farmers of those days did not carry -their
experiments on as scientifically
and get results as exactly as the exper
iment stations do now. When they
thought a new method paid they did
not figure the profit down to fractions
of a cent American Cultivator. -
t Too Much Salt.
xuv uiuui Dan io.uocu uv ninny U in
ter makers. The whole tendency among
consumers is toward fresher butter. In''
England and on the continent bntter'; 3
made In those countries is served' par-' S
ticularly fresh and white.--In the best : '
restaurants and- hotels in the larger -. ,f
cities of this, country the butter con
tains very little salt A great number
of American yr ho go abroad or who S
patronize city" hotels and restaurants
in this country are acquiring -the -taste''- j;
for fresh butter. American Agcicuirj:
turist . : :..' . " -.: .: .. . s. ; -. .? . ' ,'-iw
Adulterated Flour, o . -f ,
It Is said, that one .reason -why. JEn-v,-
glish buyers prefer to purchase .wheat
and have it ground there, instead or ?'-4
buying American flour, is that- tfiefr-'TP
have -found evidences in the flour of i
adulteration with corn flour, and.e.veaj
corn cobs, clay and other substances ;
If this charge is' true, there Is no one-'
to blame but the millers if 'they do noi-"''
grind ail. the wheat we grow, or H"
they need to keep their mills busy. It
-is said that the Millers' National Asso
ciation, rvill take action in the matter.