GAZETTE.
CORVALLIS
SEMI-WEEKLY.
SIJIKST.vi-'L'.Sf.e.. i Consolidated Feb., 1899.
CORVALLIS, BENTON COUNTY, OREGON, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 1900.
VOL. I. NO. 28
WHEN AT THE LAST.
When at the last I lay me down to
sleep.
And of the morrow's dawning reckon
not.
When night no more, no more may vigil
keep,
And love's brief noon is but a dream
forgot
Back to the Past, its sad and variant
ways,
Be Thou the warder of my yesterdays
Amid the paths long lost, or sought too
late.
Where waywardness hath wandered,
love been blind.
If there be one that lieth clear and
straight
Unseen, perchance forgot thou mayest
find.
Even in that perverse, perplexing maze,
lhe white thread shining 'mid my yes
terdays.
So oft have love's torch wavered, love's
feet failed.
Were the vain reckoning mine 'twere
but to weep.
Blind Thou the sight by memory as
sailed,
When at the last I lay me down to
sleep,
And through Time's deep and labyrin-
thian ways
Crown Thou some moment in my yes
terdays!
Harper's Bazar.
rpO.U NELSON and his cousin.
II Harry Morton, were deeply inter-
ested in the rearing of pigeons
Their fathers owned adjoining 'aims,
and the houses were about a quarter of
a mile apart. Many were the journeys
that the boys made to and fro in order
to compare notes and to exchange ideas
In regard to the care and training of
their pets.
Indeed, so urgent and pressing at
times was the need of speedy communi
cation that they so trained several birds
of the carrier species that a message
could be dispatched and a reply received
In an astonishingly short space of time.
Each boy carried home every night a
pigeon from the other's dovecote, which
HE TRAMP WAS SPLITINO OrKX A TIN
SAVINGS BANK.
he kept in a cage ready to fend with a
note when occasion required.
One rainy day Tom Nelson, having
nothing to do a:3 finding the time
hanging heavily on his hands, thought
It a favorable opportunity for him to
pay his cousin a visit, and had caught
up his hat with that intention, when his
father, passing through the kitchen
where he was, said:
"Tom, I am going to the village, to be
gone several hours, and I don't want
you to leave the house. I have noticed
several tramps around here lately and
they might be troublesome to your
mother if they found her alone."
"All right, sir," said Tom, who felt
somewhat disappointed, but he had
long ago learned to not grumble about
trifles.
"I feel uneasy about that money,
George," said Mrs. Nelson, who had en
tered the room and was looking anx
iously at her husband.
"What money?" asked Tom.
"Why," said his father, "the school
board at their last meeting made me
treasurer and handed me all the funds,
amounting to a little over $500."
"Where is it?" asked Tom again.
"Safely hidden away where no one
will be likely to find it," answered his
father, laughing. "If you and your
mother don't know where it is you will
not be able to tell any one, that's cer
tain," and he went off.
"I never feel safe with so large an
amount in the house," said Mrs. Nelson,
and she went about her work with a
preoccupied air.
Tom busied himself writing a note to
his cousin, and when it was ready he
went to the woodshed and brought in
the cage containing the messenger. He
was just going to tie the note to the
bird's wing when the kitchen door
opened and a man walked in without
knocking, a man of the real, genuine,
unadulterated tramp species diity,
ragged, unkempt and brutal-looking.
"Villain" was written in unmistakable
characters on his ugly countenance.
He asked abruptly for, or rather de
manded, something to eat, and Mrs.
Nelson, with a troubled glance at him,
set about preparing a meal, pretending
to take no notice of the furtive glances
which her unwelcome guest was cast
ing around him.
Tom, who was a slightly built lad of
15, did not seem a formidable obstacle
to this burly rogue, for after one care
less glance in the boy's direction he
took the chair offered by Mrs. Nelson
and sat down to his dinner.
Tom, remembering his father's part
ing words, was in a sore dilemma. He
Instinctively feared the man, for he
knew that he had not the strength to
contend with him if violence was offer
ed, and he felt sure there would be
trouble when the tramp had refreshed
himself. There were no near neighbors,
and he could not leave his mother alone
while he went for help.
While all this was passing through
his mind his glance fell upon the note
he had written, and he started as a
thought entered his mind. Seizing the
pen, he opened the note and hurriedly
added:
"A rascally looking tramp has just
come in. Mother is feeding him, but
there is no telling what he will be up
to when he gets through eating. Ask
uncle and Mike to come over as quick
as they can. Father is away."
Fastening the note securely to the
pigeon, he went to the door, and open
ing it let the bird go. As he did so the
man sprung from the table where he
had been swallowing his food in great
gulps, caught Tom by the shoulder and
llung him across the room, saying,
roughly:
"Set down, sonny, and make yourself
easy. Coin' to call the neighbors, was
ye? You jest git me that there money,
and be quick about it."
Mrs. Nelson, pale and trembling,
sprung between them, trying to explain
that they were ignorant as to the loca
tion of any money.
"Come; none of that!" fiercely Inter
rupted the man. "Shut yer jaw or tell
me where it Is. It'll be the worse for
ye if ye don't. That school money yer
man's takin' care of. You know what
I mean."
Then he drew a revolver, threatening
to shoot them both if they persisted in
their denial.
Mrs. Nelson .ihook her head; she could
not speak; but Tom, white to the lips,
muttered hoarsely:
"You'll have to shoot, then, for I don't
know where it is, and I'm glad I dan't,
for I might be coward enough to tell if
1 did," and then shut his eyes, expect
ing the worst.
The tramp eyed them incredulously
for a moment, and, making up his mind
that they were speaking the truth,
after a pause of indecision, opened a
door near where he stood. Discovering
that it was a dark closet, without win
dow or means of escape, he drove them
into it at the pistol's point, and as there
was a key in the door locked them in.
Then he began the search. It was a
long one, for the money was well hid
den, apparently. Cursing and swearing,
he emptied the secretary and bookcase
into the sitting-room; the bureaus and
wardrobes in the bed-rooms, scatteiing
the contents over the floor; the side
board in the dining-room, and the clock
on the mantel. He ripped up the mat
tresses and pillows, turning the house
into disorder, but no money could he
find.
Mad with rage and disappointment,
still he persisted, in spite of the danger
of discovery if he lingered. He was in
the act of splitting open a tin savings
bank, a relic of Tom's babyhood, which
was heavy with a weight of 1-cent
pieces which Mrs. JSelson found con
venient to have on hand, when a calm
voice of authority was heard at the
door, saying:
'Give it up, my man; it's no use. And
come along with me."
It was the village constable who
spoke, at the same time holding up a
pair of handcuffs in a significant man
ner. The tramp made a dash at the oppo
site door, where he found Mike, Mr.
Morton's hired man a brawny Irish
manwho said, soothingly:
"Whist, whist; not so fast, honey."
He glanced wildly at the windows
and saw stationed outside Mr. Nelson
at one window and Mr. Morton at the
other. Mr. Nelson had returned earlier
than he expected, and had fallen in
with the relief party which the con
stable, on the trail of the tramp on his
own account, had also joined.
The mae. at bay, felt for his revolver.
"You made a slight mistake, my
friend," said the constable, In a jeering
way, "when you left it lying on the din
ing-room table."
Seeing that the game was up, the
man, with an imprecation, allowed him
self to be handcuffed and followed the
constable in sulky silence.
Harry, who had followed the others.
soon discovered the prisoners by the
very vigorous blows and sounds in the
kitchen closet and released them. One
and all then and there agreed that the
pigeon is one of the most useful and
lovable of birds. Mr. Nelson, who had
been inclined to consider his son' inter
est in those gentle creatures a foolish
waste of time, was the most enthusi
astic of all.
"For," said he, lifting down a wad of
bills from the top of a door-casing
where it had been snugly reposing, "the
rascal might have got away with this
after all if there had been time. How he
found out that the money was in my
possession is what beats me."
It was a mystery which was never
solved. Chicago Record.
It Looks Like Celluloid.
A substitute for celluloid is now be
ing produced from untanned leather
boiled in oil, which is said to resemble
celluloid in every particular. It Is
known as marloid and shows a texture
similar to horn, while it can be made
flexible and elastic or hard and unyield
ing. It will take a high polish readily
and may be stamped or pressed into
any desired shape.
An Boor's Speaking.
A fluent speaker utters between 7,000
and 7,500 words in the course of an
hour's uninterrupted speaking. Many
orators of more than usual rapid ut
terance will reach 8,000 and even 9,000,
but 125 words a minute, or 7,500 an
hour, Is a fair average.
A little learning Is more
explosive
than unlimited ignorance.
OUR BOYS AND G1ELS.
THIS IS THEIR DEPARTMENT OF
THE PAPER.
Quaint Sayinsrs and Cnte Doina of the
Little Folka Everywhere, Gathered
and Printed Here for Alt Other Lit
tle Onea to Read.
Alone In a bustling, crowded city,
without friends, experience or refer
ences, John's chance of getting a posl
tion looked exceedinsrlv slim. But, all
unknown to himself, he had in his pos
session a better recommendation than
anv emDlover could eive: and this it
was that secured him the situation
which proved to be the first step on
the ladder of success.
John was 15, and very anxious to get
a desirable place in the office of a well
known lawyer who had advertised for
a boy, but doubted his success, be
cause, being a stranger in the city, he
had no reference to present.
"I am afraid I'll stand a poor chance,"
he thought, despondently; "however,
I'll try to appear as well as I can, for
that may help me a little."
So he was careful to have his dress
and person neat, and when he took his
turn to be interviewed, went in with
his hat in his hand and a smile on his
face.
The keen-eyed lawyer glanced him
over from head to foot.
"Good face," he thought, "and pleas
ant ways."
Then he noted the neat suit but
other boys had appeared In new clothes
saw the well-brushed hair and clean
looking skin. Very well, but there had
been others there quite as cleanly; an
other glance, however, showed the fin
ger nails free from soil.
"Ah; that looks like thoroughness,"
thought the lawyer.
Then be asked a few direct, rapid
questions, which John answered as di
rectly. "l'rompt," was his mental comment;
"can speak up when necessary. Let's
see your writing," he added aloud.
John took a pen and wrote his name.
'."Very good, easy to read, and no flour
ishes. Now what references have
you ?"
The dreaded question, at last!
John's face fell. He had begun to
feel some hope of success, but this dis
pelled it again.
"I haven't any," he said, slowly; "I'm
almost a stranger in the city."
"Can't take a boy without refer
ences," was the brusque rejoinder, but,
as be spoke, a sudden thought sent a
flush to John's cheek,
"I haven't any references," he said,
with hesitation, "but here's a letter
from mother I just receixed. I wish
you would read it."
The lawyer took it. It was a short
letter:
My Dear John I want to remind you
that, wherever you find work, you must
consider that work your own. Don't
undertake it, as some boys do, with the
feeling that you will do as little as you
can, and get something better soon, but
make up your mind you will do as much
as possible, and make yourself so nec
essary to your employer that he will
never let you go.
You have been a good son to me, and
I can truly say I have never known you
to shirk. Be as good in business, and
I am sure God will bless your efforts.
"H'm!" said the lawyer, reading It
-over the second time. "That's prettv
good advice. John excellent advice. I
rather think I'll try you, even without
the references."
John has been with him six years,
and last spring was admitted to the
bar.
"Do you Intend taking that young
man into partnership?" as&d a friend
lately.
"Yes, I do. I couldn't get along with
out John; he is my right-hand man!"
exclaimed the employer heartily.
And John always says the best refer
ence he ever had was a mother's good
advice and honest praise.
Bridge of Band Built by Ants.
Something new and Interesting about
ants was learned by a florist recently.
For a week or so he had been bothered
by ants that got into boxes of seeds
which rested on a shelf. To get rid of
the ants he put into execution an old
plan, which was to place a meaty bone
close by, which the ants soon covered,
every one deserting the boxes of seeds.
As soon as the bone would become
thickly inhabited by the little creepers
the florist tossed it into a tub of water.
The ants having been washed off, the
bone was put int use as a trap again.
Yesterday the florist bethought himself
that he would save trouble by placing
the bone In the center of a sheet of fly
paper, believing that the ants would
never get to the bone, but would get
caught on the sticky fly paper while
trying to reach the food. But the
florist was surprised to And that the
ants, discovering the nature of the pa
per trap, formed a working force and
built a path clear to the bone. The ma
terial for the walk was sand secured
from a little pile near by. For hours
the ants worked, and when the path
was completed they made their way
over Its dry surface in couples, as in a
march, to the bone.
Black f now.
Recently in the Alps some of the na
tives were greatly worried at a fall of
apparently black snow. Had It not
been that a scientist was on hand to
explain that the blackness of the snow
was caused by insects the Alps might
have furnished a miracle story for fu
ture grandfathers to talk about by the
winter fire. It is a curious fact that
an almost microscopic flea as black as
ink feeds in the winter upon the moss
and lichens of the trees and rocks of
tne mountain tops. I mild weather
millions of these minute creatures fly
in swarms, often taking advantage of
a snow storm to emerge. When tired
they settle upon the snow, thus mak
ing it look black. Sometimes whole
acres will be dotted with the insects,
the snow appearing a dark gray color
on account of their presence.
Earn Money By Plan of Hia Own.
New Orleans has a hustling boy who
is making money by a plan he devised
himself. He supplies clean aprons and
jumpers to bookbinders, printers and
lithographers. He receives 5 cents for
an apron and 10 cents for a jumper,
and he has about fifty customers. His
scheme required a little capital at the
start, as he had to have two aprons for
each man. The work keeps him busy
only on Saturdays. He goes to school
on other days. One of his cards Is be-i
fore us, reading:
A. B. DAVENPORT,
Apron Merchant,
NEW ORLEANS.
Albert is proud of the success which
he is meeting in his business venture.
This may be a suggestion to other
American boys in large cities.
Havine Their Picture Taken.
"Sit up straight and look pleasant
now."
Led in One Thins:.
"Is there anything in which you ex
celled when you went to school?" asked
Miss Cayenne.
'Yes," answered Willie Wishington.
"I made more blunders than any other
boy in the class."
Various Peoples in Europe.
According to figures -given by La
Revue Francalse de l'Etranger, the to
tal population of Euroiae, by calcula
tions made on the latest census, is 380,
000,000, which is a gain of 37,000,000
over that computed January, 1888. Here
is a table showing the figures given in
the Revue:
European Russia and Finland.100,200,000
Germany 52,300,000
Austria-Hungary 4,o00,000
The United Kingdom 39,800,000
France 38,500,000
Italy 31,300,000
Spain 18,000,000
Belgium 6,500,000
Turkey in Europe 5,800,000
Roumania 5,600,000
Portugal 5,000,000
Sweden - 5,000,000
Holland 4,900,000
Bulearia 3,300,000
Switzerland 3,000,000
Greece 2,400,000
Denmark 2,300,000
Servia 2,300,000
Norway 2,000,000
The density of the population accord
ing to each square kilometer (about
0.386 square miles) is thus reckoned:
In Belgium, 220; Italy, 169; Holland
149; England, 126; Germany, 97; Switz
erland, 73; France, 72; Austria, 69;
Spain, 36; Russia, 20. While the an
nual Increase of the population" of Rus
sia has been 1.45 for every 100 in the
last ten years, that of Germany has
been 1.15, of Austria-Hungary 0.9C, of
England 0.35, of Italy 0.45, of France
0.08. At this rate of augmentation, in
100 years, Russia would have 228,000,
000 inhabitants, Germany 106,000,000,
Austria -Hungary 79,000,000, England
65,000,000, Italy 44,000,000, and France
only 40,000,000.
The Teacher of Paderewski.
The chief attraction at Vienna has
been Professor Leschetltzky, the teach
er of Paderewski, and perhaps the best
known of all teachers of piano. He is
moody and impatient, but Is a prince
of good fellows to the pupil who shows
talent or excessive Industry. He has
taught most of the great American
pianists.
I visited Professor Leschetltzky at
his summer house at Ischl, and during
our conversation he made the follow
ing statements In regard to American
music students which are well worth
their attention:
"They ought not come to us unless
they are musical,, and know music."
"Too many of them don't know how
to touch the piano, and I have neither
the time nor the patience to teach the
scales."
"A talented man or woman ought by
all means to come over here, if only
to see how little he or she knows about
music."
"Your young people "lack depth and
Industry. They are very enthusiastic
at first, but most of them drop off when
the hard work begins." Woman's
Home Companion.
British Dogs in Caesar's Day.
The time of the Roman occupation of
Britain, five distinct species of dogs
were there, most of which can with
certainty be identified with those of the
present day. There were the house
dog, the greyhound, the bulldog, the
terrier and the slowhound.
When a bride appears with an arti
cle of clothing on that she wore before
marriage, the women do lota of screaming.
m&rzrzz" will
TRUMPET CALLS.
Ram's Horn Sounds a Warning; Note
to the Unredeemed.
a K K m are no
dead saints.
SS? T.nve nnlu rnn
lighten 1 a b o r's
load.
A long p aver
may rise from lit
tle piety.
The worst
things are always
corruptions of the
best.
The value of a
painful piety de
pends on who had the pain.
Our Indebtedness to God is due to
man.
The better days will come only as
you do your best to-day.
The church without a prayer meeting
is a body without a heart.
While we are close to Christ we never
find any weight in his yoke.
The more intensive your faith the
more extensive your influence.
If you give no place to the devil you
will not go to the devil's place.
Too many preachers are thinking
more of salary than of service.
He who groans most in prayer fre
quently loans the Lord least in charity.
The spirit of the meeting is not great
ly helped by the people who say, "I will
be with you in spirit."
Tapering off a bad habit Is but spin
ning out a rope to hold you till the next
siege of the temptation.
The Christian who knows God will
praise Him every day of his life,
whether he feels like it or not.
The raven who failed to return to
the ark is a picture of many Christians
who, being saved, never look back to
say so.
MISTAKES IN MAKING CHANGE.
Any Hard and Fast Rule Respecting
Correction May Work Badly.
Last Sunday morning a lady in heavy
black attire, carrying an umbrella, a
fan and a prayer book, took an electric
car at the station and sat down in the
seat next the rear door. When the car
reached the point of her destination,
the conductor had just gone forward to
take up fares. She signaled him to stop
and held up a bill to pay him. The
conductor took the money and without
i suspicion of impatience handed her
back the change. Meanwhile the car
waited. "You should have come for
my fare earlier," she remonstrated
mildly. She got off at last, and the
car went forward and stopped at the
next crossing to take on another pas
senger. Just then the lady in black be
gan to make violent gestures from the
distant sidewalk. "What's the matter
with her now?" asked a youth on the
rear platform. "Kicking about her
change," growled the conductor. "Ring
the belPand go on," returned the first
speaker. "She has a right to what is
due her," exclaimed a young woman
with spirit. All was silent in the car
as the black figure came trotting
through the mud as rapidly as her long
skirts, prayer book, fan, and umbrella
would let her. "See," she said, catch
ing her breath as she came within
speaking distance and still holding the
change the conductor had given her,
"see here! You have given me too
much!"
This reminds me of an incident which
I witnessed some years ago in the Old
Colony station. There was at that time
a very stuffy and ill-mannered ticket
seller at the window. One day he sold
a ticket to a suburban passenger, who
paid for it with a bill and gathered up
his change and passed on a few steps
before he counted it. Then he came
back and called across the line of peo
ple who were buying tickets: "See
here, you have made a mistake in giv
ing me change." The ticket seller burst
upon him abusively. "Don't you see
that notice over tfie window?" he shout
ed. 2 'Count your change before you
leave the window.' I can't correct your
change now." "Very well," said the
suburban man; "you gave me just $3
too, much change for that $10 bill, but
never mind I won't trouble you." He
tucked the money into his vest pocket
and walked away, and as there was a
considerable crowd and the ticket setter
could not climb through his window the
man was out of sight In a moment.
Meantime the ticket seller was shout
ing: "Come back! Stop that man!"
and growing very red in the face, all
no avail. The suburban man kept the
extra $3 for several days and then
brought It back, taking the occasion to
give the surly ticket man a lecture
which probably he never forgot. Bos
ton Transcript.
Paper Made from Leather.
A novel use of leather is in the manu
facture of fibroleum, a new paper prod
uct, which Is the invention of G. Brig
alant, of Barentin, in France. This is a
sort of leather paper on board, which is
made from waste cuttings of skins into
small bits, and then Immersing them in
a large vat containing an alkaline solu
tion, which dissolves the glutinous
matter, but leaves the fibers unaltered.
The resultant fiber is then beaten and
afterward pressed through a refiner.
The stuff is run onto the wire and a
very thin paper is made, which is cut
into sheets, and while wet is placed in
piles and subjected to pressure to
squeeze the water out.
Ireland Cultivating More Land.
While land is passing out of cultiva
tion in England, Ireland has -the good
fortune to yield a contrary record. Ae
cording to the figures for 1900, just
Issued by W. P. Coyne, the superintend
ent of the statistical branch of the De
partment of Agriculture in Ireland, the
total area under crops shows this year
an Increase of 31,000 acres.
Foul Seeds.
It . would be Impossible to compute
the loss by the use of poor and foul
seeds each year. We can test seed and
find out what percentage of it does not
germinate, and thus estimate a possible
increase in the amount necessary to use
for a field, or the decrease of crop if
we fail to make that allowance. But as
the cost of caring for and harvesting
the product of an acre is nearly the
same whether the crop Is large or small,
the cost of growing a bushel or a ton
increases as the yield diminishes. But
even this could be more easily borne
than the cost of caring for the crop,
as it Is increased and Its value dimin
ished by an admixture of foul weeds in
the seed we have bought. We could
easily afford to pay much higher prices
for seeds if we could have a guarantee
of their purity. The Agricultural De
partment has done some good work in
examining both home-grown and im
ported seeds, and while they have
found most of the varieties of seeds
which we export to be reasonably free
from foul seed, and thus have helped
to find greater sale for them abroad,
they have also found that some varie
ties which we import are badly mixed
with the seed of undesirable weeds,
particularly from certain sections,
where they must be either dishonest or
criminally careless. Whichever It may
be, these inspections may help to re
duce the evil, but it will be only when
there shall be capable Inspectors -authorized
to thoroughly examine and
brand packages of seed, and provide
for the adequate punishment of those
who sell seed for what It Is not, that
farmers will have the protection which
they have a right to demand. Ameri
can Cultivator.
Root Houses and Fruit.
Root and fruit houses may be made
at a very little cost as useful and quite
as effective and satisfactory in every
way as the most costly ones. Those
here shown may be made at no greater
expense than the cost of the hinges,
and the boards, a few pounds of spikes,
and some tenpenny nails. The house
is dug out of the bank, which of course
should be dry, and the door of the
house should face the south. The walls
may be built up-of logs or stone as may
be convenient. The roof Is made of
poles doubled and covered with leaves
or straw, and then with doubled
boards, which are covered with the
earth thrown out of the excavation.
This earth Is best sodded. The door
way is then made in the front of the
building and if desired a loading door
may be made on one side of the top to
take In the fruit or roots. A double
frame is made In the doorway and two
tight doors are set in, with a space of
two or three feet between them. If
desirable this space may be filled in
when the house is closed for the win
ter with sheaves of straw or hay or
bundles of cornstalks.
To Tell Oleomargarine.
That a great deal of oleomargarine
and butterine, colored contrary to law,
is sold for the genuine article is a well
known fact. One of the surest tests
is to subject the sample to intense heat.
If the melted sample bubbles and sput
ters, It is butter; if It lies perfectly in
animate, it Is oleomargarine.
The art of coloring and flavoring cotton-seed
oil and lard in imitation of fine
creamery butter has become so perfect
that unless subjected to some such test
the difference is not apparent There
are a number of methods used by chem
ists, and hi cases where even the
above-mentioned test is found inade
quate the chemist can tell by using an
apparatus. A St. Louis wholesale dealer
in butter says: "Not every one can tell
the difference between butter and the
imitation, even after trying the heat
test. My advice to those who want
real butter is to stick to the grocers
who handle only hutter. Many tricks
are used In order to sell the colored
oleo. An unscrupulous grocer will tell
you he has some extra fine "Elgin" or
"dairy," but he will not say butter. It
is Elgin oleomargarine or dairy oleo
margarine. The law gives the con
sumer some protection, for In the Uni
ted States courts it goes hard with the
man who fails to stamp each package
of oleo with the word."
Lime to Prevent Disease.
The best preventive of gapes Is to
plow or spade the ground Intended for
young chicks as soon as the frost is
gone, and then scatter air-slacked lime
liberally over the surface. Is the opin
ion of a poultry writer in the Farm,
Field and Fireside. Gapes general
ly come from the soil, and as lime de- j
BOOT OR FRUIT HOUSES.
stroys any eggs or otner sources of
gapeworms, the chicks will escape. Salt
may also be added in small quantities.
Lime is cheap, and it is better to use it
on the ground than to work trying to
save the chicks and lose a large num
ber. The ground should be limed as
early as possible. Lime is also a pre
ventive of roup. To get rid of filth
is to avoid disease in the flocks, for
when disease appears the germs are re
tained in the ground. For that reason
every location occupied by poultry
should be occasionally spaded or
plowed. When performing such work,
first scatter air-slaked lime over the
surface, and turn under the top soil,
following by another application of
lime on the surface. The lime causes
a chemical action in, the soil which
quickly destroys the filth by changing
its composition.
Clipping Clover Fields.
A writer in Ohio Farmer advocate!
the clipping of clover the first year
after the wheat is off, and even twice If
necessary to prevent it from blossom
ing, as that weakens the next year's
growth. This year he clipped on Aug.
1 and expects to clip again In Septem
ber. He has done so for several years
until year before last, and he said he
would nevfer omit it again. The hay
last year where it was not clipped was
very dirty, full of stubble and trash,
while where too large a growth was
made before winter, It lodged and
smothered out the crop. He cuts high,
removing the swath board, and like
to cut just after a rain, leaving all tha
growth on the ground as a mulch,
which protects the roots in winter and
keeps the ground more moist in sum
mer. It might be pastured off and get
some growth for cattle or sheep, but
they will not feed on the ranker grow
ing places, and feed the other too close
ly, thus making them liable to be win
ter killed. He does not think this pays,
and would prefer to grow green crops
to help out the pasturage than to use
the newly seeded fields. He wants to
leave clover about six Inches high when,
winter comes.
Lice on Chickens.
We use once a week a little kerosene
and lard mixed, and rubbed on the
breast and under the wings of the
mother hen, and a good sprinkling of
the kerosene over the litter in the night
quarters. This is all done after the
chickens go to roost. The fumes of
the kerosene will finish all the lice on
the bodies of the chicks, and the lard,
which they will rub from the mother
on to their heads, will do for those on
the heads. There Is no danger of suffo
cating the chicks, as in the summer
time they will Invariably roost with
their beads out from under the hen's
wings. Adopting this method we are
never troubled with lice on our chicks,
and though I have raised poultry for
twenty-five years I have never seen a
mite. My neighbors have all been
troubled with them, and the only rea
son that I have not is because the quar
ters for the hens are kept very clean,
by the use of plenty of kerosene; and
I never overcrowd my chickens. The
late hatched chicken is surely worthy
of your careful consideration. You will
find that there is a nice little sum of
money to be made in thisway. Geneva
March in Epitomist
Weedy Mi'k.
There are weedy pastures In the land,
and there are pastures free from weeds,
says the Creamery JournaL It is plain
that the more milk from clean pastures
and the less from weedy iiastures we
have in the creamery the better the
chance to get a good flavor. The
creamery manager, in order to man
age, must know the farm conditions
of each and every patron, and the
weedy milk must be separated so as to
run as little milk as possible into the
cream. As it is not practicable to keep
all the milk from clean pastures sepa
rate from that coming from weedy pas
tures at the weigh can at least it may
not be practicable the proper caper is
to separate all the cream, thick and
rich, running the minimum of milk into
the cream, then take same cans of
milk from patrons with pastures free
from weeds, patrons who are neat and
tidy, who keep the milk pure and un
co n tarn ina ted, and dump this milk
straight into the cream vat in sufficient
quantity to insure the right percentage
of fat in the cream and cause it to
ripen in time. Creamery Journal.
Poultry on the Farm.
The farmer is the backbone of the
poultry industry, if we except the cus
tomer. We mean that the farm remains
the chief source of supply of market
poultry. We say "remains" advisedly,
because the greater opportunities
which the farmer has at his door are
gradually being stolen from .under his
nose by the large poultry farms which
are springing up and have for yeara
been springing up all over the country
poultry farms wrich are established to
supply market poultry and eggs of a
superior class. How long the farm will
remain the source of supply depends to
a great extenfupon the farmer, and he
has not yet settled in his mind that
poultry-breeding pays. There are a few
farmers here and there who know it,
but they keep the knowledge to them
selves as a rule. Poultry Keeper.
Leicester Ram Royal Maidstone.
Two-Star, bred by, and the property
of, George Harrison, Galnford Darling
ton, England. First and breed cham
pion at the Royal Agricultural Society's
Sow this year, and first at several lead
ing English shows last year.