MONEY WOMEN GAVE.
THE YEAR 1809 HAS AN UN-
y EQUALED RECORD. ' ..
American Women Hare Given the
Enormous Sun of $16,000,000 to
Purpose of Public Good Manx
"Worthy Charities Assisted. --
The gifts of -women daring 1889 for
purposes of public good aggregate
sum of $16,000,000. " Of this amount the
largest single sum is Mrs. Stanford's
$10,000,000, and Mrs. Bradley's $500,000
is the next largest The total gifts and
bequests ; for the five years-:1893
through 1897 in this country was more
than $165,000,000 that Is gifts from
private fortunes for public uses. Of
this $45,000,000 was given during 1897.
In 1898, In New York City alone $25,
000,000 was given away in charity. Dur
ing the same year, the gifts of thlrty-
MISS HELEN GOULD.
four women in the United States for
higher education amounted to $3,446,-
400; of this sum Cora J. Flood gave the
largest amount, or $2,000,000, and Helen
- Gould, beside her donation to the Gov
ernment, gave $37,000 for educational
purposes. .
The record of gifts to charity and for
educational purposes by women In this
country for the year now ending Is a.
notable one and, is not entirely covered
In the following- list, , 1 .
Half a million dollars, given by Mrs.
Lydia Bradley, of Peoria, 111., comes
next to Mrs. Stanford's gift It was
presented last summer to the Bradley
Polytechnic Institute, and constituted
her second donation, the first being a
gift of the land on which the institute
was built and the money , to build it.
That involved a sum approximating
$250,000.' In addition, Mrs. Bradley has
given to Peoria 137 acres of land for a
park, she has built, a church, a home
for aged women and many other
smaller institutions. .
Mies Flood's presentation of her
father's country place, at Menlo Park,
to the University of California, made In
' 1897, has been supplemented recently
by a gift of money. The house and its
contents are valued at $1,000,000, and a
tract of nearly 3,000 acres Is included In
the transfer. -
- Another California woman has been
munificent in her gifts; this is Mrs. E.
B. Crocker, who has conveyed to the
"Elks her home In Sacramento as a me
morial of her husband. It Is valued at
$90,000. Mrs. Phoebe Hearst and Mrs.
Leland Stanford are constantly adding
to their gifts to the universities they
have' built up- In California, and their
ueiieiavuujiM go up luio tae muuons.
Mrs. Stanford's latest contribution
made during the summer was one of
$10,000,000.
Mrs. Emmons Blaine, of Chicago, in
May, announced that she would found
- a college of pedagogy, the institution to
be started with a fund of several hun
dred thousand dollars. She has bad
this Idea in mind for some years, it be
ing' her desire to accomplish a practical
good for poor girls by giving them an
opportunity to become teachers. Shi
bestows a permanent benefit upon
MBS. PHOEBE A. HEARST.
them. The new college of pedagogy,
built and endowed by Mrs. Blaine, will
represent an outlay of $500,000. -At
the commencement at Vassar Col-
loora In .lima If was a nnnnnmul that
Miss Katharine Tuttle had given a $10,.
000 scholarship in memory of her sis
ter, and Mrs. Caroline Swift Atwater,
of Poughkeepsle, to build a new Infirm
ary, had donated $8,000.
From Mrs. William Beldon Noble, of
Washington. Harvard University has
received a gift of $20,000 to endow a lec
tureship In memory of her husband, a
graduate of the class of 1885. Another i
gift of $20,000 was received by the uni
versity from the family of John Slmp-j
kins for the Lawrence Scientific Sohoot,
and still another $5,000 from Mrs. Fred
erick T. Philips, of Lawrence, B, I. The
money is to establish a fund, the income
of which is to be expended annually itr
the purchase of books for the college,
library In the department of . English
literature. The gift is in memory of the
donor's brother.
' Other Benefactions.
A new dormitory to be erected at
Wellesley College, at a cost of $60,000,
Is the gift of Mrs. Martha S. Pomeroy,
of Washington. Mrs. Irene B. Lewis,
of Hamilton, N. T., has recently made
a gift of $5,000 to Colgate University, to
found three scholarships for the pur
pose of aiding young men studying for
the Baptist ministry In that institution.
Miss Marie Hopper, of Philadelphia,
has given $10,000 to Bryn Mawr College
for a scholarship foundation fund.
Mrs. Joseph Moffatt, of Los Angeles,
Cal., has given property to the value of
$50,000 to the endowment fund of the
National Florence Crittenton Mission
a charity which was founded sixteen
years ago by Charles Crittenton, of New
York, In memory of his daughter.
For the maintenance of ' a home for
convalescents and invalids at Santa
Barbara, $80,000 has been left by Miss
Anna S. C. Blake, her will being pro
bated in April.. She also left to the Cot
tage Hospital, $10,000; to the Orthope
dic Hospital, Philadelphia, $10,000, and
to a Boston hospital a like sum. " r
A charity has been founded during
the past few months by Mrs. Alfred
Corning Clark, in memory of her hus
band. It Is the Alfred-Corning Cl.-vk
Neighborhood House, which stands in
fb heart of the crowded lower Bast !
A " jf til
Side. New York. Men's, women's,
boys' and girls' clubs, kindergartens.
libraries, conservatories and roof gar
dens are Included in the work of the In
stitution a work which is thoroughly
appreciated by the people in whose be
half It is being done, it nas Deen en
dowed at a cost of about $400,000. .
- Darin ir last summer a new floating
hospital for St. John's Guild was built
by Mrs. Augustus D. Juilliard, of New
Yark, at a cost of $83,000; it was named
In honor of the donor, the Helen u.
Juilliard.
To the endowment fund of the Uni
versity of Chicago Miss Helen Miller
Gould has recently contributed ?zs.uw.
A second scholarship of $8,000 to Vassar
Colleee was announced at the com
meneement of June these scholarships
are elven In memory of her mother.
sT wo scholarships of $6,000 each she has
..given to the late Mr. Moody's scnoois;
one for the girls' seminary and one for
the boys'. To endow a free bed in per
petuity in the Manhattan Eye and Ear
Hospital, New xorK, sne gave $o.uuu.
. Other women who have contributed
iarwiv ty the nublic good are the
Countess de Castellane. $220,000; Mrs.
Cornelius Vanderbllt, $5,000; Mrs. O. H.
P. Belmont, $3,500: Mrs. P. A. Harper,
$3,000; Mrs. Francis Brockholst Cut
ting, who contributes $3,000 a year to
the sick poor of Newport, K. i.; Mrs.
Anson Phelps Stokes, $4,000, and Miss
Elizabeth Plankinton; of Milwaukee,
Wis., $100,000. , . ' .
Gifts by Request.
Gifts by bequest have abounded dur
ing 1889. A quarter of a million dollars
was left by Mrs. Eugene Kelly to build
a chapel for St. Patrick's Cathedral,
New York', and to provide a fund for
the sick poor. Of the Baroness de
Hlrsch's $100,000,000 left to charity,
$1,200,000 comes to America. The Clara
de Hlrsch Home In 62d street, founded
about, two years ago by the baroness.
receives an additional legacy of $250,
000. - .-' .
The will of Mrs. Caroline L. Macy,
who founded the Macy Memorial Art
School In New York, bequeaths $200,000
to the Teachers' College and $5,000 to
the Presbyterian Hospital. - Mrs. E. A.
Stevens, of Castle Point, Hoboken, be
queaths to Holy Innocent ; Church,
which she was mainly instrumental In
establishing, a fund of $3,000 to provide
coal for the poor of Hoboken. free or. at
cost price, and $12,000 for other church
charities. To the Church of the Holy
Communion; New York, Mrs. Caroline
A. Cisco leaves $10,000. To the Mission
ary . Society domestic and foreign
Mrs. Emilie A. Matthien gives $5,00O;'
About $80,000 Is distributed among New
York charities by the will of Mrs. Caro
line E. Hollister. f
Mrs. Fells R. Brunnot, of Alleghany
City, Pa., bequeathed by will, probated
In November, $123,000 to missions. The
late Mrs. Harriet Frothlngham Wol-
cott, stepmother of Gov. Roger Wolcott,
distributed by her will, probated m
April last, $32,500 to various charities.
St. Barnabas Hospital, Newark, ben
efits to the value of $1,000 and a share
in the residuary estate of Mrs. Eliza
Wells, who also left $1,000 to the Socie
ty for the Prevention of Cruelty to Chil
dren,: "-'
By the death of Mrs. El'.zabeth
-Thompson, in July, the poor seam
stresses of Rhlnebeck-on-Hudson find
themselves heirs to an estate of $300,000
which is to be equally .divided among
them.
The Horrors of Heathenism.
Some idea of the blessings of civiliza
tion may be obtained by contrasting our
condition with the state of things In
some parts of China. We have a graphic
account from three English bicyclists.
who have been making a tour of West
ern China, and who spent some time at
the large walled city of Chaotung Fu.
They found that 75 per cent, of the fe
male infants are killed, while a major
ity pf those saved are sold Into slavery,
the city being famous for its slave girls.
It is the custom to throw bodies of girl
babies over the walls at night, and. In
many cases those children are still
alive. It Is a common sight to see pa
riah dogs gnawing the arms of living
Infants. Bodies of the pauper dead are
also thrown over the walls and de
voured by wolves and hyenas that come
down in the night from neighboring
mountains. The city Is famous for In
human punishments. Lately a woman
was strung up by the neck, with her
toes Just reaching the ground, till she
died.
A murderer was crucified on one of
the city gates, red-hot nails being ham
mered through his wrists. He tried to
escape the agony by battering his head
against the gate, when the authorities
provided a pillow to prevent this. He
hung in great agony, watched bycrowds
or men and children, for four days be
fore death came. Christian Conserva
tor. .',
A Thrifty Pr nee.
Little Prince Alexander. th 1rlat
son of the dead Prince Henrv. husband
of Princess Beatrice of England, has
always been noted, since his earliest
childhood, for bartering proclivities.
He lends marbles and tops at interest
to his cousins, the little Connaughts,
and on one occasion he got up quite a
little corner In dolls, which he succeed
ed in purchasing at a great reduction
from his small Albany cousins. 4
The other day he received a present
of 1 ($5) from bis mother, and having
quickly spent it, applied for the second.
He was gently chided for his extrava
gance, but, unabashed, wrote to his
grandmamma. The queen had bees
warned of the financial embarrass
ment, and she replied In the same
strain of remonstrance, whereupon the
prince responded:
"Dear Grandmamma: I received your
letter and hope you will not think I
was disappointed . because you could
not send me any money. "It was very
kind of you to give me good advice. I
sold your letter for 4 10s." Pittsburg
Dispatch.
If a woman looks contented and hap
py. It is usually a sign that she is a
widow, and that her late husband had
a lot of life insurance.
Men who have committed no crimes
sometimes lie awake nights and can't
sleep, but the women don't believe U.
MBS. LtLAND STA.NFOBD.
QUEER WOUNDS
lade by Spanish Bullets at the Battle
of San Juan.
"My messmate, the Surgeon, told me
of two queer wounds," said the re
turned, Cuban campaigner, "and If I
did not know tim to be a truthful man
who had Been the wounds with his
own eyes, I would not believe the
story.' He said late in the afternoon
of the day the hill was stormed a man
came up to the hospital tent and said:
'Doctor, I am shot through the neck.'
The doctor supposed a glancing shot
had left its mark on. the side of the
neck, but he told the man to take off
the bandage In which it ' was bound,
thinking he would see if the wound was
clean. To his utter astonishment be
found the. man had been shot, the bul
let passing through the neck from side
to side.: - He said he could hardly be
lieve his eyes, and several other sur
geons were called to look at the wound,
but it was there without question, and
the man alive and not bleeding to
death. The wound was dressed and
the. man made to lie down. Next
morning the wounded man asked leave
to go back to the firing line, saying he
'felt fine and wanted another crack at
the Dagoes He was kept In the tent
another day and finally was allowed
to join his company, and is so far as
I know alive to-day. The surgeon told
me a bullet could not pass through a
man's neck in that way without killing
him once In 10,000 times, and had he
not seen the man he ; would hardly,
credit the story being true. .' 1
"The other wound was equally odd.
A man was brought into the hospital
who, while In a stooping position, had
been shot in the back by a sharpshoot
er, the bullet entering the back between
the shoulder blades and coming out
Into the man's mouth, knocking out
two of his front teeth. ; The man car
ried In his hand the teeth and bullet
when he arrived at the hospital. He
did not die, strange to relate. The
bullet had sufficient force to pass into
the throat, up and out into the mouth
and knock out the teeth and did not In
jure the throat badly. - That wound
was a marvel."
LAW AS INTERPRETED.
..Mentioning a meander line on the
bank of a river as a boundary Is held,
in Sizor vs. Logansport (Ind.), 44 L. R.
A- 814, sufficient to convey the property
at least to the water line, with riparian
rights, if not to the thread of the
stream, unless a contrary intent clearly
appears from the deed Itself.
The fact. that material to be used In
the construction of a pavemept or other
public work Is In the hands or under
the control of a single dealer,' whether
by reason of a patent or otherwise, is
held, In Holmes vs. common council of
Detroit (Mich.), 45 L. R. A. 121, insuffi
cient to prevent the specification of that
material in a contract for such improve
ment to be let on competitive bidding.
The Indefiniteness of a call on stock
holders, stating that they may pay- in
cash or "by a promise' to pay in the
form of a land contract or contracts,"
without showing who may exercise the
option, or prescribing any conditions or
terms to govern any settlement of the
balance due the corporation, is held, In
North Milwaukee Town Site Company
vs. Bishop (Wis.), 45 L. R. A. 174, to be
such that the call is void.
The rule that an employer Is not li
able for the negligence of an independ
ent contractor is denied application in
Bonaparte vs. Wiseman (Md.), 44 L. R.
A; 482. where a contractor is employed
to excavate a lot close to a neighbor's
house in a populous city, but the pro
prietor is held liable to see that in do
ing the work due care is taken to pro
tect the neighbor's wall, or timely no
tice given him to protect it.
Rifle Bullets.
If is found that rifle bullets fired frov
i distance of 500 yards will rarely pen
etrate more than 24 inches of loose
sarth, while a bank of earth, free from
stones, 28 inches in depth, is considered
proof against bullets fired from any
range. ' On the other hand, If the earth
a beaten down. It will require a much
greater depth, as rammed earth offers
ess resistance than loose. Next to
wrought iron and steel? plates gravel
3laced between boards is found to of-
er the best resistance; ; Wood offers
the least, with the exception of clay.
which, of course, depends upon the
amount of moisture in It. Although a
nine-Inch brick wall Is. considered bullet
proof, yet it could be breached if about
150 rounds were fired on -nearly the
same spot at 200 yards range. Similar
ly 800 rounds could breach a fourteen
lnch wall if fired at the same range.
This table shows the thicknesses of ma
terial required to stop a Lee-Metford
bullet: -
- . - .". Inches.
Gravel between boards........ 4
Good brick work.................... 9
Sack of coal.
12
14
....20
28
....36
48
Hard, dry mud wall
Sand ..............
Rarth ..'
Oak
Elm-...;-
Teak
Fir
Clay
Wooden stockades are of little use un
less they contain a core Of gravel, brick
or sand, and sandbags or boxes filled
with earth should also ibe banked up.
A bullet fired Into sand will always turn
to one side after it has entered a little
way. -
The Rooster Saved the Day.
Every schoolboy knows the tradition.
famous In Roman history, of the geese
which saved the capitol by quacking
an alarm when the Gauls approached
in the night. Modern history furnishes
an interesting parallel.
One of the famous victories of En
gland on the sea was the battle of Cape
St Vincent, Portugal, in 1797, when a
British fleet nearly destroyed a Span
ish fleet of almost double its numbers.
For a long time the struggle was
doubtful, and one of the British ships,
the Marlborough, was so severely crip
pled that her captain was thinking of
surrender to save further waste of life.
The ship's mast had gone by the
board, the chief officer was mortally
wounded, and so many of his subordi
nates were disabled that the discipline
of the crew began to give way.- They
grew sullen under the terrible fire,
which they could not return with ef
fect. Suddenly a shot struck the coop
in which a few fowls had been con
fined. One cock alone jvas still alive
and, finding himself at liberty, he flap-
pea ms wings mightily and fluttering
upward, perched on the' stump of the
mainmast and surveyed the scene of
carnage about him.
Then, raising his head defiantly, he
oegan a long, strident crow. The crew
answered with three cheers, and even
the wounded smiled. : With renewed
spirits, the men worked the few re
maining guns, and soon a favoring turn
of battle drove away the last thought
of surrender. , :
A man Is seldom rich enough to af
ford luxuries before his stomach gets
too worn out to digest them
STUTHS OF LADYSMITtf AND HARRISMITH.
SIB HARRY SMITH." '
r ADYSMITH or perhaps It would be more intelligible to write it Lady
J a Smith was a sister of a Spanish countess. From 1847 to 1854 her husband.
w-hir jdarry George Wakelyn smith. Bart., was eoverhor of Cape. Colony,
From her the town of Ladysmith took its name, and from him the town of Harr
rismith, in the Orange Free State, took its. It really was a famous family of
Smiths, this which is so identified with the history of South Africa. There
were four sons, three of whom were soldiers, and the fourth a doctor, like their
.fatner. 'lie Uiree soldiers went safely
Sir Harry was the eldest. Captain Charles Smith the second, and Colonel Thomas
Smith, C. B., the youngest. At the battle of the Coa Harry and Thomas were
wounded, ana tney naa to be carried
cart, 'iney were placed in the same hospital. Their wounds were in a frightful
condition when the surgeon got around, and the doctor . while dressing Thomas'
wound held a bouquet to his medical nose. This naturally excited Harry's Ire,
and he jumped up and kicked the doctor out of the buildinz.
At the siege of Badajos Harry was
wnen a opauisa cuuncess ana ner sister came to tnem' for protection. It Was
the sister who eventually became .Lady Smith. Harry fought and won the battle
of Aliwal against the Sikhs, and for this victory he was made a baronet, and a
pension was granted to Lady Smith, who accompanied her husband wherever he
went. She was. at the battle of Chillian wallah, and received a medal for her ser
vices there. The, South African town
tion of the victory. The baronetcy which Sir Harry held became extinct, he
leaving no children, and his brother, Colonel Thomas, having declined it. Sir,.
Harry and many members of his family rest in the.old and beautiful Church of SU
Mary In Sir Harry's native town of Whittlesey, in the Isle of Ely. The silhou
ettes shown here were taken when the couple had reached fairly advanced age.
M' KIN LEY AS A PEDESTRIAN.
President Takes Lour- Walks to Over
come a Tendency to Corpulency.
President McKinley, who Is now 54
rears of age, has taken np peaes-
xianlsm. Every day for weeks he
las taken long walks as the best medi
;ine i -to overcome a tendency to short
less of breath and corpulency. . .
It is interesting, says a correspon-
lent, to watch the President on these
walks. He goes at the pace of a de
termined man, not a stroller. One of
lis feet is thrown well out ahead of
iim to make sure of a long stride, and
the other foot Is bent between the ball
ind the heel, as Is the fashion with the
king-distance walkers. The stiff -footed
nan is the man who can walk only a
ihort distance, but the man: with the
nipple feet can keep a good pace for a
.ong time. -
The President observes all the laws
ind rules of hygiene for the steady
ivalker. He holds his head up and his
hin out. He keeps his lips closed and
ireathes through his nose. His eyes
ire partly closed, as are the eyes of all
professional walkers, and the head Is
neld straight .
A sometimes companion Is Senator
Piatt, who is something of an athlete
himself and enjoys a brisk walk. One
day, not long ago, the President was
accompanied by an unexpected guest
A little mongrel dog, seeing the tall,
well-formed gentleman pass, came out
f the corner of the fence where he had
been hiding, and fell- into the Presi
lent's tracks.- Perhaps the dog thought
that with so stalwart, a guide, he
jould come to no harm. Perhaps he
:aught sight of the bump of benevo
lence on the Presidential head, and cal
culated that there would be a dinner
it the end of the walk. But If so, be
was -disappointed, for he got not even
i pat of the head, and after, three
blocks the disappointed little dog slunk
back to watch for. the next good-looking
pedestrian.
For awhile secret service officers fol
lowed the President on these walks,
but he found it out and forbade them
from following him, declaring that he
was not afraid. 4
Since beginning his pedestrian exer
cise. President McKinley has reduced
bis girth and Increased his lung power,
so the exercise may be called a suc
iess. A LEAPING SWORD.
Large Open Lot Good Place to Practice
the Trick.
"Of all the cities I have visited In
Europe," said R. A. Stinson, of Boston,
recently to the New York Tribune man,
"I found Madrid one of the most inter
esting. It has a number of out-of-the-way
features that appeal to one.
"While I was in Madrid I tried to pur
chase one of the famous Toledo blades.
The old-fashioned two-handled sword
was what I wanted to get, one of those
that were built to cut through armor
and which fulfilled their mission com
pletely, as many a bloody battlefield in
ye ancient days bore testimony.
"I had to give it up on account of the
expense. They cost from $150 up, but
while I was looking for one a shopkeep
sr showed me a most scientific trick.
His store was very lofty, running up
:wo or three stories, and he was descant
ing on the beauties of this particular
sword, when, in order to prove the per
fect temper of the metal, he drove the
point into the floor and bent the blade
until hilt and point met He then sud
denly released the hilt and that six feet
of gleaming sword sprang up Into the
air like a thing alive. Up and up it
went almost to the lofty ceiling Itself,
when it lost Its Impetus and began its
descent, hilt first It returned almost
to the place whence it started, the shop
keeper catching it by the hilt with prac
ticed ease and returning it to Its case.
"I was crazy to try it myself, but the
owner refused to allow met aa he said I ,
; m'kiklxt tasks to WALKKfO.
J.ADY SMITH.
through the Peninsular war and Waterloo.
many miles over rough country in a shaky
standing with the? general and his staff
of Aliwal received its name in commemora
would probably ; not only wreck the
store, but perhaps Injure myself as
well. He told, me that if I wanted to
learn the trick I had better practice in
a large open lot and that a suit of armor
wouldn't be a bad thing to wear until I
got the hang of .lt" .
Mastered His Embarrassment.
Among the stories ' told of Charles
Lever, the witty, novelist, Is one which
concerns the days when he was British
consul at Trieste, relates the Youth's
Companion.
; He had accompanied his daughter to
London for a little social enjoyment and
had neglected' to go through the form
ality of .asking for leave of absence.
On his arrival in London he was in
vited to dinner by Lord Ly tton, who
was delighted 49 see him.
When he arrived at Lord Lytton'a
house his host said:' "I am so glad you
could come! . You will meet your chief.
Clarendon" the minister of foreign af
fairs. .- ii.--
; The novelist much embarrassed, be
gan to give reasons why be must tear
himself away, but before he could make
bis. escape Lord Clarendon was an
nounced, and almost at once espied
him. ;
: "Ah, Mr. Lever," he said, blandly, "I
didn't know you were in England; in
fact, 1 was not even aware that you
bad asked for leave from Trieste."
"No-o, my lord," stammered the nov
elist, disconcerted for a second, but no
more than that; "no, my lord; I thought
It . would be" more respectful to your
lordship for me to come and ask for it
in person V .
Courage of President Kruger.
In 1890, when the Transvaal was in
a state bordering on anarchy, a mass
meeting was arranged by the outland
ers who wanted a railroad to Kimber-
ley. - A writer wno chanced to be pres
ent describes the scene as follows:
"Long before the hour of meeting,
the grounds .were filled with a howling
wild mob, capable of any excess. . They
carried arms, too, and open threats
against the President were freely made.
Time passed, and the head of the re
public did not appear. Murmurs grew
into cries of derision. At last when
the mob was on the verge of open vio
lence, the President arrived. He was
accompanied by about a hundred
burghers. - Slowly, and with evident
effort, he ascended the platform erect
ed for him In the grand stand. Then,
uncovering his head, he faced the mob.
"Epithets too vile to be repeated,
were hurled at -him. They cursed and
swore, and all but spit at him. He
stood unmoved, calm, and most uncon
cerned. Then, ; when the fury of the
mob abated for a moment he began a
speech In Dutch, in bis rasping, un
pleasant voice. . And what be said was
still more unpleasant than his delivery,
for he told the mob that be would grant
a railway just as soon as be was ready,
and not one moment sooner.
"When the purport of the word
dawned upon the crowd its members
made a rush for the President He
never moved.- The mob, awed by this
display of fearlessness, fell back. The
President had won!"
- A Modest Request.
Ambition is an admirable trait but it
is not the. single qualification for suc
cess. Among nigniy amDitious youths
must be numbered a German who for
several years had been apprenticed to a
oooper. r- . ;
The young man felt that constant
coopering was not compatible with his
hopes for the future. Accordingly, af
ter deliberation, a few months ago he
addressed a letter to the head of the
gerat Rothschild banking " house "' at
Frankfort, setting iortn at some length
his strong dislike for his trade and ask
ing to be accepted as "an apprentice
millionaire," promising diligence and all
application In learning "the business."
The young man is still a cooper.
A Humble Request.
"Ma, may I go out to play?"
"No; you must sit still where you
are."
Pause.
"Ma, may I go down Into the kitch
en?" '
'No. I want you to sit perfectly
quiet"
Pause. .
"Ma. mayn't I sit on the floor and
play marbles?"
"I have toia you twice that I want
you to sit Just where you are and ba
quiet, and I mean exactly what I say."
ranae.
"Ma, may I grow?" :
Lr ke Mariners Good Sailors.
Lake sailormen are reputed to be
the best sailors. It is said that a sailor
may cross the Atlantic without danger
of running into an Island, and he may
hardly see more than two or three
ships during the entire voyage, but on
the lakes It la just the other way.
Scarlet Fever In Tropical Regions.
A medical paper directs attention to
the curious fact that scarlet fever has
never been observed In an epidemical
form In the tropical or subtropical
regions of Asia or Africa.
Everyone expects . more from his
friends than he Is willing to do for
them. -
(Science
iyifvention
According to chemical analysis, fif
teen partslof the flesh of fish have about
the .same nutritive value as twelve parts
or boneless beef. : ;
wotem (nitrogenous matter) is the
name of a group of substances1 contain
ing nitrogen. Protein furnishes the ma
terials for the lean flesh, blood, skin,
muscles, tendons,' nerves, hair, horns,
wool, casein of milk and albumen of
eggs, and' is one of the most Important
constituents of feeding stuffs.
It has been found possible to .make a
thin, smooth and strong paper of asbes
tos, which can be employed In the man
ufacture of paper lanterns and other
articles which need to be at -the same
time light and fireproof. The asbestos
paper can .also be made waterproof. It
is prepared with the same machinery
used for making ordinary paper.
It has been clearly ascertained that
the carbon which, when other elements
are eliminated, we call charcoal, and
which enters so largely Into the struc
ture of a tree, is taken from the atmos
phere through' the medium of the
leaves; but 'how it is sent down the
structure so as to add to the size of the
most distant root is yet an unsolved
problem.
The latest calculation of the velocity
and direction of the sun's motion in
space is by Prof. Simon Newcomb. He
estimates that the solar system is being
carried In a northerly direction at the
rate of l&A kilometers a little over
ten miles per second. 'The point to
ward which we are moving is within a
very few degrees of the extraordinarily
bright star Vega In the constellation of
Lyra. ""
According to the Medical Record falr
halred people possess, commonly, be
tween 140,000 and 160,000 hairs on the
scalp, the number being about the same
for man and woman. Dark-haired peo
ple have, on an average, about 105,000,
while red-haired people are said to have
only 30,000 hairs. But the latter appar
ently possess one great advantage in
the fact that they retain their hair bet
ter, seldom becoming bald. Their hair
is much coarser than that of dark or
falr-baired persons.
' The discovery of the remains of
mastodon near Newburgh, N. Y last
summer, recalls the fact that the best
preserved skeleton of one of these huge
animals now to be found la our muse
ums was also discovered in a marsh
near Newburgh. That part of the Hud
son valley appears to have been a fa
vorite haunt for these .'American ele
phants. Inspection of the place where
the latest discovery Was made empha
sizes the fact that beavers were con
temporaries of the mastodons, and that
beaver-dams were as perilous as quick
sands for the massive beasts who ven
tured to set foot In them.
The curious green circles In fields and
pastures, appearing both on level
ground and on hillsides, have given riBe
to many superstitions and called forth
a variety of more or less scientific ex
planations. The famous - Dr. Priestly
strongly advocated the -view that they
were of electric origin. The real cause
of their formation, has long been known
to be the growth of a species of fungi,
which, starting from a single seed,
spreads circularly and makes a broad
disk on the ground. The fruit and seed
form only at the outer rim. The . soil
In the -middle is exhausted, and conse
quently, as the ring grows larger the
grass in the inner part withers. One of
these "circles near Stebblng, England,
attained a diameter of 120 feet
DEFENDED THE WRONG CLIENT.
Amusing; Blunder of a Distlnsculshed
- - Australian Solicitor. ;
An edifying Incident" Is reported to
have occurred recently in the district
court of Melbourne, Australia. The list
of cases for hearing - Included two
Charges of a similar character. When
the first defendant was called a leading
Melbourne solicitor announced that he
appeared for the defense, and for near
jy half an hour he strove -to convince
the court that the charge should not be
sustained. In spite of the counsel's able
arguments the court decided to inflict
a fine, and called upon the next defend
ant to say why he should not be dealt
with In a like manner. The solicitor,
puffing from the effects of a vigorous
speech, wiped his brow and leaned back
in his chair with an air of satisfaction
that his client had escaped so lightly.
Just then the name of the second de
fendant was called, and the lawyer
sprang to his feet as though electrified.
Great heavens!" he exclaimed, in a
voice that was audible throughout the
court "I've been defending the wrong
man." V -'
In his perturbation! the learned gen
tleman seized his silk bat, and in a
divided mind as to whether he should
set chase after his late client or remain
and defend the man who . had just
stepped forward, placed it on his head.
"Hats off I" roared a constable as coun
sel remained on his feet staring In dis
may around the court "Your wor
ships," he said, removing the offending
belltopper, "this is my client The de
fendant who has just left the court did
not engage me and has paid me no fee."
The announcement was ..too much for
the gravity of the court and for a mo
ment or two the courtroom echoed with
laughter. The case was soon disposed
of, and the legal gentleman then hur
ried from the building In search of his
quondam client and the fee that should
have been; bis. '
STARS KEEP ACCURATE TIME.
Their Positions in the Heavens Denote
;. the Passage of the . Hours.
Probably the majority of people sup
pose that the observatories obtain the
correct time from the sun. When the
average man wishes to give' his watch
the highest praise he says, "It regulates
the sun," not being aware that a watch
which would keep with the sun around
the year would have to be nearly as
bad as Cap'n Cuttle's. The farmer may
safely decide when to go in to dinner
by the sun, but If the mariner was
aa confident that the sun marked al
ways the correct time as the farmer is
he would be sure to be at times 200
or 800 miles from where he thought he
was. In other words, the sun that Is,
a sundial Is only correct on a few days
In each year, and during the interven
ing time gets as far as a whole quarter
hour fast or slow.
These variations of the sun from uni
form time caused no end of trouble be
tween the astronomers and the line
clockmakers before it was discovered
that the sun time la subject to such
Irregularities. The better the clock.
the worse It often seemed to go.
But aa the variations In sun time are
now accurately known, correct time
might be obtained from the sun by
making proper allowance, were It not
for the difficulty of observing its -position
with sufficient exactness. : The
large disk of the sun cannot be located
iSO perfectly as can the single point
wjucb a star majm. For this reason
astronomers depend almost wholly up
on the stars for obtaining accurate
time. It Is the method of doing this
which we propose to describe. ;
There are several hundred stars
whose positions have been established
with the greatest accuracy by the most
careful observations at a number of the
principal observatories of the world. If
a star's exact position Is known. It can
readily be calculated when it will pass
the meridian of any given place that
is, the Instant it will cross a north and;
south line through the place. The data
regarding these stars are all published
In the nautical almanacs, which are for
the use of navigators and all others
who have uses for them. These stars
are known as "clock stars." Popular
Science Monthly.
TOUGH-THROAT AUCTIONEERS
Have Vocal Chorda Especially Adapted
xor Tfeeir Arduous Work.
Preachers' sore throat" Is recognized
by all writers on throat diseases, but It
Is not nece8arlly confined to preachers,
says the Washington Post Lawyers
and others who overtax their voices at
times suffer from It as frequently as dcrl
preacnere. . Auctioneers do not have
sore throat A successful auctioneer.
as rar as voice is concerned, is pro
vided naturally with abnormally strong
vocal chords. These he strengthens by
continual use, so that In a few years the
voice and throat are the strongest part
of them. He Is liable, however, as
others to suffer from other troubles,
and has his share of them, too. It is
the same way with a singer. His voice
is generally the strongest part of him.
and almost every other organ suffers
before his throat does. -
The public do not know how many
there are who try auctioneering and
find that they cannot hold out The
voice of every man is not suited for
continuous work. Auctioneer work
means several hours of constant vocal
exercise each day. The reason the
preacher's throat goes back on him now
and then, and it does, despite the doubts
of Col. Ingersoll and others, Is that his
use of the vocal chords is not constant,
for ordinarily the greater effort is sel
dom more than once a week. Another
thing that operates against the preach
er and In favor of the auctioneer Is that
the preacher seldom speaks in the open
air, while the auctioneer finds the most
use for his voice In the open air. Open
air is the most wonderful strengthener
of the voice. A marked example of this
Is the fact that circus performers and
circus followers generally, who work
In tents and open air, never have sore
throats.
Unpleasant Bedf llowt.
The adventures of naturalists In odd
corners of the globe rival the experi
ences of explorers In variety and Inter
est Dr. Maximilian Schumann, a Bel
gian naturalist Journeyed through
Mexico, not many years ago, and here
Is one of the reminiscences which he
brought back with him: .
I had gone a day's journey on horse
back from the city of Zacatecas toward
the southeast to examine some ancient
Toltec ruins. '
I arrived at my destination late at
night and lighted a fire within the ruift$
to make my' supper. After eating I
spread my blanket and lay down. When
I awoke In the morning my first Impulse
was to stretch out my hand. I threw It
out from under the blanket and as I
did so It almost touched a big, poison
ous rattlesnake, quietly colled by my
side. I escaped by the merest chance.
Looking toward my feet what was
my astonishment to see six other rat
tlesnakes colled at Intervals over my
body. '. .
The reptiles did not belong to the va
riety commonly known in California,
but were of a peculiarly poisonous spe
cies found In hot regions. When I light
ed my fire In the evening It was .too
dark to see the snakes, which, I pre
sume, had crept along the walls.
The altitude of the ruins Is nearly
8,000 feet, and so the nights are cold.
My fire had attracted the reptiles. When
they approached it they found my bed.
and discerning, the warm blankets,
crawled upon them and went to sleep.
I extricated myself from the blanket
with Infinite care. Once on my feet I
was no longer afraid of the reptiles, but
as I already had specimens of them In
my collection, I killed them all ai(
nailed them to tne adobe wan with my
card on each.
She Could See, ;
There were only three of us left In
the room of the great oculist says a
writer In the Academy. My compan
ions, two elderly persons, evidently
husband and wife, were nervous to a
degree that Indicated almost unbear
able suspense. He held her hand in
one of his, from time to time placing
his other hand upon It with a caressing
touch. .- . -
The lady, pale and anxious, had
thrown back her veil and untied her
bonnet strings,, as if the atmosphere of
the room stifled her. - At every sound
she started and looked toward the door.
I almost wish I had gone in with
her," she murmured, "but I couldn't
bear It." ' ' -.- '
. Her companion made no answer, but
continued to stroke her hand. I found
that I, too, was straining every nerve.
Then I heard the shutting of a distant
door and the sound of footsteps comlpg
down he thickly carpeted passage.?"
My companions sprang to their feet
as the door opened to admit a tall
young girl, with bandaged eyes, and
an old woman, seemingly a nurse, who
carried the girl's hat and cloak.
The girl paused on . the threshold.
while I gazed, wondering. It would
seem impossible that any face In
which the eyes were covered could ex
press so much rapture. She held out
her hands with a significant gesture,
and said, simply:
Dears, I can see it Is so beautiful!"
Laushln? Plant of Arabia.
The laughing plant so named from its
effects upon man, grows in Arabia. It
is of moderate size, and bears brilliant
yellow flowers, and soft velvety seed
pods, each of which contains two or
three seeds which look like little black
beans. The natives of the district
where the plan grows rather the seeds,
and after drying them, reduce them to
powder. A small dose of the powder
has the effect of causing the most level
headed and sober person , to dance,
shout and laugh In the unrestrained
fashion of a lunatic, and to rush about
and cut the wildest capers for almost
an hour. By that time he is thorough
ly exhausted and falls asleep, to wake
after several hours without the least
recollection of his previous excitement
and antics.
Thistle Down Cloth.
The down of the thistles was spun by
the ancients to make a can thine gar
ments." The proper place to keep money Is In
sugar bowL but If you want to be
absolutely secure, keep your money In
your stocking, and wear the stocking. -
The women have so much leisure
time that almost every woman Is a
good cake aaker. .
"We keep three servant girls," said
Mr. Newly wed; "one coming, one going,
and one here." Life.
Mother Willie, did the grocer tell you
these eggs were fresh? Willie He
didn't say, but he told me to hurry home
with them. Town Topics.
Rose Did you ever faint Isabel?
Isabel Only once; and I bumped my
bead so bard that I never tried It
again. Indianapolis Journal. 1
"Yes, there wasn't much variety, but
we had three square meals ' a day."
"What did you have?" "Soda crack
ers." Cleveland Plain Dealer.
First Tramp Dese people what com
plain of dere work bein' too bard make
.me tired. Second Tramp Dey do?
First Tramp Yes; why don't dey t'row
up de Job? Puck.
"Oh, ma, come up here : quick!"
"What's the matter. Tommy?" "Bob
by'a playin' circus, and he's goln' to
make th' baby dive off th mantel."
Indianapolis Journal. ;
She Why, they ran up bills with ev
erybody who would trust them, and
then moved away without paying a
cent He I see. Two hearts that beat
as one. Brooklyn Life. ; J
Clara Did vou notice that fine-look
ing gentleman turn and look back at me
after he had passed? Maude Yes. Isn't
Jt queer how little it takes to turn a
man's head? Chicago' News." . . .
"Mr. Smith," said a lady at a fair,
"won't you please buy this bouquet to
present to the lady you love?" "That
could not be," said Mr. Smith; "I have
no sweetheart I am a married man."
Bridget I can't understand the mis
sus, sur. Von Blumer (sarcastically)
It's a pity, Bridget, that I couldn't have
selected a wife to suit you. Bridget
Sure, sur, we all make mistakes. Tld
Bits. . Home Ties No Draw.back: He
Marie, can you tear yourself away from
your loving father's roof, and go with
me? She Mercy yes; this Isn't his
roof, we're Just renters. Detroit Free
Press. - - '
: Mrs. Golde Nugget I cannot see any
callers to-day, Nannette. Nannette (five
minutes later to caller) Monsieur, 1 haf
ae plalsure to inform you zat madame is
blind to-day. Philadelphia North
American.
"Most of these variety dancers," said
the shoe clerk hoarder, "finish as total
wrecks." "Of course," said the Cheer
ful Idiot, "their stage life is usually a
succession of break-downs." Indianap
olis Journal.
; Flour of sulphur sprinkled on a hot
shovel, .and the fumes Inhaled while,
they are fresh, is recommended for a
cold in the head; but Fogg affirms that
he will die before he will snuff up burn
ing brimstone. It is not unlikely.
"Can you forgive me and love me
still," said the newly made bride,
"when I confess that my teeth are arti
ficial?" "Thank heaven!" cried the
groom, as be snatched off his -wig;
"now I can cool my. head." Tit-Bits.
"Juvenile Logic: Boy You are going
to fight against the English, aren't you,
Capt. Brown? Capt Brown (indignant
ly) Fight the English! What on earth
put that Into your head? Boy Why,
daddy said you were a horrid Boer! .
Punch. ' . " '
Still Harder Worker: Mr. Close Sr.
What! more money? You seem to think
that dollars are picked up In the street
I want you to understand that I bad to
work hard for every cent I've got His
Son Yes; and I have to work hard for
every cent I get Life. -
A rude suggestion: Great actress
That's an atrocious portrait! Is that the
best you can do? Is there no way you '
can Improve upon it? Suggest some
thing. Photographer Madame, you
might permit your understudy to sit for
you. Cleveland Plain Dealer.. .
"LIshen to reason, m' dear," he ex
plained, "lishen to reason. I wash hie
held up on m' hie way home.
"Held up!" she angrily exclaimed; "I '
don't doubt It! If you hadn't been held
up or carried -you wouldn't be here even
now!" Chicago Times-Herald.
Old : Surliboy Hullo, fellow! What
are you doing here? Rustic Only court-
In', sir. I'se courtin' Mary. Old Surli
boy Nonsense! What do you want a
lantern for? Do yon think I used one
when I was a young man? Rustic
No, sir; I don't think as yer did, judgin
by t missis! London Fun.
Scene on a Boston electric car: Per-
sonae Small boy j. portly lady. Small
boy (partially sotto voce) Geel that
woman most have swallowed a yeast
cake. . Portly lady (overhearing) Yes,
my boy, and If your mother had taken
a yeast-cake you wouia nave Deen
better bred. Boston Transcript
"Lobelia," demanded Mr. McSwat
as he stood, hat in hand waiting for
her, "are you going out walking with
that bicycling dress on?" "This Is my
rainy-day skirt" replied Mrs. McSwat
"and I certainly am going out walking
In It" "Then wait a minute," be said.
'and I will turn up my trousers." Chi
cago Tribune.
I am glad there are a few honest
people left Two rears ago I sent a
boy around the corner to buy a postal
card. I have never seen the boy to this
day." "You don't call that boy hon-.
est?" "Yes, sir! This morning 1 re
ceived a postal with this on the back:
Dear Sir: Here Is your postal. 1 started
In business with the penny you gave
me. and have prospered. Thanks.'
Chicago News.
Mr. Moody's Biography. '
Kr. W. R. Moody, son of the great
evangelist will prepare a biography of
Dwight L. Moody, which will be pub
lished by subscription. In a statement
concerning the work the author says
that announcements having appeared
of several lives, some even claiming
to be "official," it has become a painful
necessity to state that any other than
the authorized biography referred to
will be Issued not only without the ap
proval, but regardless of the urgent
protest of the family and friends. Mr.
Moody, It is asserted, was particularly
anxious that errors and misrepresenta
tions of former unauthorized works and
misleading newspaper reports should
be corrected In an authentic work pre
pared by his son, thus obviating the
multiplication of partial and lnnarmo.
nlous biographical sketches.
Bed of Licorice Root.
The Philadelphia commercial no-
ieum has received from one of its cor-'
respondents . Information ' concerning
large beds of licorice root which exist
to. an unimproved condition In the
northern Caucasus region,' near tilt
bores of the Black sea, '