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REP
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VOL. 2.
DALLAS, OREaON, SATURDAY, APRIL 15. 1871.
NO. 6
T - ( '
)
he Oregon lr publican
Is Issued Every Saturday Md
rning, at
Dallas, Folk County, Oregon
m 11. II. TYFO$
OFFICE Mill street, opposite
the Court
House. '
STJBSCEIPTION BATES.
SINGLE COPIES One Year.
Months. $1 f5 ihree Montis, $1
Tor Clubs of ten or more per
$2 00. Six
00
annum.
SdhieriptioH MKf o paid strictly
ADVERTISING RATES
in advance
On5sqaare(10Iinesor1cas).firstu5ertn,f3 00 ,
Each subsequent insertion- j. 1 00 j
A liberal deduction will be niifr.de to quar
terly and yearly adrcrtisers.
Professional cards will be inserted at $12 00
per aijnuni. j
Transient advertisements must lie paid for
in alvunqeto inure puldiemioji . Ail other
advertising bills must be psid quarterly. j
Le.?;il tenders taken at their current value, j
BUnks and Job Work of every description
furnished at low rates on sbrt no ice.
Kcnae 'Coxir
icsl
cs.
Fr.ui Harper Magistrate
Now, you y.onni fellow at tlie table
' reading .the evening paper and tiod
din-; in a surly way to your mother and
sister, take tt test. It your clothes
breathed a delicious fragrance say of
heliotrope or ruses, but would do so
when you were at home, or only
when you went abroad, which would you
choose? Would you have a perpetual
climate of rar odors in your own house,
or elsewhere ? Or course you would
have it at home for your comfort and
enjoyment, you curmudgeon, if for
tjuthm else. IJut what is domestic
courtesy but the breath of heliotropes
and roses at. home? It is as much tor
your own plca.uc that you should be
plcasuit as it is for that of others The
happiest -household in the world is' that
in which courtoy is ucw every morning
and fresh every evening, like the celes
tial benedict ons?. -
How many of us. brothers and sis
ters, make u me the raj bag of ill
humours ami caprices, and wretehed
moods of every kind, while we curefu'ly
hide them from the stranger! When
the guest arrives, we slide a 'chair over
the rent in the cjrpet, an l slip a tidy-
over the worn ede of the sofi cushion,
and lay a prettily bound book over the
ink stain on the parlor table cloth ;
and so at his coming the ffying hair is
smoothed, and the sullen look U gilded
witli a smile, and the sour tone is sud
denly wonderfully swee't. Shriveled
old Autumu blooms in a moment into
rosy spring. And how is a youth to
know that this house, wh re every
thing seems to smile, is not always the
warm and sunny homo that he finds it?
Yet this same young woman, so neatly
dressed, so quietly juuuncred, and m
taeinating to the young ni;n, mny be
the most 'inefficient" of human beings.
Still he can never know it until it is
too lute. He can not put it to the
prof.! He takes the divinity upon
trust. All that he knows is tl at she is
a woman, and that he loves. And
Wdcifccrhe thiuks that hou-ehold-intel
ligence, and thrift and endless courtesy
come by nature, like Dogberry's read
ing and writing, or whether he assumes
that, having a mother, his peerless
princess has bcea carefully taught all
the duties of a queen, or whether, as is
most probable, he knows only that he
loves, the duty of the parent is the
But to the ordeal of the household
who can come so well prcp ired. And
what parent, what human being who
has learned by experience, but would
jgladly equip every child with the most
perfect equipment? No, Dorinda Jane,
. .to whom he youth, crusty at home,
will presently come sweetly smiling, it
js not the flowing hair, and the graceful
drees, and the blo m upon the cheek,
. od the soft lustre of the eye, that wll
jnake him happy. No, nor is it his
horses and plate, and the luxury and
,case he promises. If he is harsh and
short, and crabbed, what if he has fifty
thousand a year ? If you are careless
and ignorant and helpless, the victim
instead of ruler of your house, what if
your-cyes are black and your cheeks a
divine carnation ? And you, dear Sir
and Madam, who permit that boor to
sit eurly at the tabic, and to growl in
monosyllables at home, you who suffer
that fair faced girl to grow up utterly
unequal to the duties to which she will
be called, are you responsible.
" What is a rebus ?" innocently ask
ed a lovely miss of a black eyed lad.
Imprinting a kiss on her breathing lips,
he replied, ,4if you return the corunli?
ment, that will be a rebuss ?" She
was satisfied with the information.
THE TUX AS Cl'tTLK KINCiX.
From tbe Pittsburgh Commercial.
Texas alone has ,'5.800,000 cattle,
divided into 9)0,000 U eves, 950,000
cows,; and 1 .900,000"" j oung cattle. The
plains on which these cattle roam con
tain about 152.000,000 acres of ground.
The principal pafuniges are on the
Nueces, Kio (iSraiidc, (J uadalupe, Sau
Antonio, CoIofu'Io, Leon, IJrazos, Trin
ity, Habinc, and lied rivers. The cattle
are owned by f-eores of ranchmen, each
one of whom has from 1,000 to 75,000
head.; On the Santa Catrutos river is
a ranch. containing 81,132 acres. It is
owned bv one man, Kichard King, and
has on it" 05,000 head of cattle, 20,000
horses, 7,000 sheep, and 8,000 goals
This immense uumber of live stock re
quires 1,000 saddle horses and 300
Mexicans to attend and herd it. Ten
thousand beeves are annually sold from
the raueh, and 12,000 oung calves
branded. There is auother ranch on
the San Antonio river, near Goliad,
which grazes 40,';00 head of cattle, and
brands 11.000 head of calves annually.
31 r. O'Connor, the owner of this anch,
sells $75,000 worth of stock each year,
and his herds are constantly increasing.
In 1852 he begau cattle raising with
1,500 head, and his present tnorinom
herds and wealth are the "results of
natural increase. On the Gulf, between
the Hio Grande and Nueces, is a ranch
coutaioing 142. S 10 acres, and owned
b) Mr llobidcaux. It is on a peninsula,
having water on three side-, and to
enclose the other side, has required the
building of thirty-one miles of phnk
fence. Every three miles along the
fence arc houses fur the herders, and
enormous stables and pens f.r the stock.
There are trrazed in this enclosure
80,000 head of becfca'tle. bei les an
immense number of other stock.
A ranch on the l!r;;zo river contains
50,000 head of cattle, 3t'0 horses, and
50 herders. J. hn llifson, the owner,
drives 10,000 cattle to marker annually.
Ten years ag he was a poor farmer in
Tennessee, but selling Irs land and go
ing to the Ht az s, he succeeded, by
dint of bar ! labir, in getting together
sixty cows and nine brood mares, when
he went to rai-ing stock. He has now
50. 00 head of cattle, worth at least
6150,000, and he is still on'y forty
years old. This man is c.stab'i-hing a
stock; ranch on the South Platte, in
Nebraska, where he now has 5,000 head
of Cittle, and next Spring will bring in
10,000 more.
There is a rnnch on the Concho river,
Texas, where, I am told, one man owns
70,000 head of steers and Milch cws.
The best grazing counties in Texas
are those of Th reck morion, Stevens,
Jack, Young, Cu'lahan, Palo Pinto.
Hill, ami Johnson. These counties lie
along the Ilio Grande, the Nueces,
Guadulupc, San Antonio, Colorado,
Leon, Brazos, Trinity, Sabine, and JSeJ
rivers The stock fnm the.-e counties
are driven to the Gulf in great num
bers, where they are slaughtered,
packed in steamers, or put on alive, and
shipped to New York, Boston, and
other northern markets. A great
rmny cattle are driven north on foot by
way of Abilene, Kansa. and Schuyler,
Nebraska Some follow the Peeo, and
pass into Arizona and California;
others keep along the Atkansas to
Bent's Ford, thence across Colorado
over tho 13iack Hills and into Wyoming
and on up into Utah, Montana, Nevada
and Idaho. There arc soTue drivers
whose names I cannot mention, but tlie
whole number of cattle brought north
overland from Texas during the year
1870 did not fall short of 100,000 head.
Of these 20,000 went to Montana,
8,000 to Utah, 8.000 to Nevada, 9,000
to Wyoming-, 10,000 to California,
11,000 to IdUio, andSO.OOOj to Colora
do and New Mexico. The amount of
money handled along tho base of the
mountains in transferring this stock was
over $1,250,000. At Abilene, the great
Kansas Cattle market, over 200,000
head were handled The shipments in
Sep' ember reached 00,000 head, and in
October nearly 75,000 head. This
immense traffic may be estimated when
it is stated that it took 111 cars a day
to transfer the stock, and one bank in
Kansas City handled $3,000,000 cattle
money. In Nebraska, the cattl'j trade
with the South is iust beginning:: vet
! last year 27,000 head changed hands at
Schuyler, and the First National Bank
of Omaha handled 500,000 in conse
quence of this trade. It is likely the
trade at Schuyler in 1871 will reach
100,000 head of cattle, and it will re
quire 1,500,000 to carry it on.
Largo as tho cattle trade may seem,
it is'asyetin it infancy, not ouly in
Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, on the
Platte, but throughout the Uuited
States. The rapid increase of our pop.
nlatiorj; both from foreign and domestic
sources, demands a corresponding in
crease of food, and at present thero is
no product of cattle anything like equal
to the demand. Beef can be raised on
the plains, and delivered at 0 ceuts per
pound; and until that is done, there
need he no apprehension of crowding
the cattle market. That beef can ever
be had in our day so cheap as six cents
does not seem probable, aud yet even
at four and a half cents per pound large
fortunes can be made in cattle breeding.
It is only on the limitless plains, where
lanl is of little or no value, that htock
can be raised to advantage. But even
the'plains, boundless as they may seem,
are fast disappearing before the advanc
ing waves of pi pulation. Texas, the
great cattle hive of the country,
during the past year has received
300,000 settlers, and already cattle
growers there feel that they must soon
look elsewhere for untrammelled ranges.
A few more years like the past -a few
deductions of a million acres of pasture
Sands in a single season, and Texas will
be no more of a grazing State than New
York, Pennsylvania or Ohio. Yet com
pare these States and how do they
stand now ? New York, with her set
tlements 250 years old, and a popula
tion of 4,000,000, baa 718,000 oxen
and stock cattle; Pennsylvania, with
over .'5,000,000 people, has 721,000;
Ohio, with 3,000,000 people, has
149,000; Texas, with 800,000 people,
ha 3,500,000 cattle alone.
The great Platte Valley has over
8,000,000 acres of rich pastures; but
how long will these acres remain graz
ing grouuds? The Uniou Pacific Rail
road has already divided these hud
from their eastern to their westcen ex
tremity, and towns and tillages are
springing up everywhere along its iron
rails, and farms arc being opened on
every side of them. It is no txaggera
tton to say that the population of the
United States before the close of the
present century will probably reach
100,000.000 of people. Then there
will be no West to settle up, no great
stock ranges, but farms and cities, and
cities and farms everywhere. I predict
that those men who begin now by rais
ing cattle on Government lands, and
are wise enough to buy a portion of
those lands as soon as they are offered
for ale, will find before they die that
these land will be worth more to them
than their herds ever could have been.
Your great Ohio settler, Benjamin
Wade, once said that he believed ,withiu
the present century every acre of good
land between the Misouri river and
the California const will be worth $50
in gold." Wild as this declaration at
the time seemed, it has already been
realized in many portions of Nebraska,
arol h likely to come true in all our
States and Territories west of the Big
Muddy. Great, then, as are the for
tunes wh ch are being made in cattle,
still greater will ba the fortunes made
in land. Those who arc wiest will
make all they ein on their cattl, and
the moment the lands are for sale buy
all they can ret, even if they have to
sell a part jf their herd to pay for the
lands. The Homestead Law precludes
the possibtlity of getting much land in
one body, but by buying out settlors at
fair prices, sufficient hinds for grazing
purposei may be had for many years to
come.
Linskf.d Tea run Sick' Horses.
Linseed tea is not only a vnluable res
torative for sick horses, but it is ex
ceedingly useful in cases of inflamma
tion of the membranes peculiar to the
organs of respiration and digestion ; it
shields and lubricates the same ; tran
quilizcs the irritable state of tho parts,
and favors healthy action. We have
prescribed linseed tea in largo quanti
ties during the past month for horses
laboring under the prevailing influenza;
they seem to derive much benefit from
it, and generally drank it with great
avidity. Aside from the benefit we
derive from the action of the mucilage
aud oil, which tho scf d contains, its
nutritive elements arc of some account,
especially when given to the animals
laboring under a soreness of the organs
of deglutition, which incapacitates from
swallowing more solid food. In the
event of an animal becoming prostrated
by inability to swallow or masticate
more-food, linseed tea may be resorted
to, and in case of irritablo cough, the
addition of a little honey makes it still
more useful. In the latter form it may
be given to animals laboring under
acute or chronic diseases of the urinary
apparatus, more especially of the kid
neys.. To prepare Linseed Tea. Put two
handfuU of tho seed into a bucket, aud
pour a galloc and a half of hot water ou
it. Cover it up a short time, and then
add. a couple of -'quarts of eold water,
wheu it will be fit for use. '
Iact about lee.
Ice has its peculiarities While
chemically it is only crystalized water,
we find, in investigating the circum
stances of its congelation, some things
which surprise us, or would, if we gave
them thought. The freezing point of
fresh water is said to be 32 yet, if
the water is kept perfectly still, and
nothing is thrust into it, the tempera
ture may fall to 15, or, as some chem
ists assert, to 5 before it congeals, the
moral to be drawn which is, "Keep still
if you do not want to get into a fix."
Another of its peculiarities is that,
while most liquids coutract on assum
ing the solid form, water expands. It
does this, however, only within certain
limits. Till it reaches the temperature
f ii, water, in giving up portions of
its latent heat, contracts, though very
moderately ; between i9 and 32 (the
point of solidification), it expands about
11 per cent., or one ninth of its previ
ous -ulk ; aud this expansion is so irrc-si-talle
as to form an explosive force
nearly equal to that of gunpowder,
calculated by physicists at 27,720
pounds to the cubic inch. The reason
J'or this departure fr m the general law
in the case of the solidifieatiou of water
is obvious, though it ha never, so far
as we know, been adduced as among the
evidence of design ou tho part of the
Creator. If water, like oils aud the
mineral Silts, became heavier when it
bee ime solid, it would sink to the bottom
of the lake, pond, or strcitu, on which
it formed, aud I successive layers of
ice formed in a cold season linking' a
they col g aled, the body or stream of
wafer would be wholy folidified, and
only become liquid ag-iin after a long
season of tle-trnctiuti of Gouy tribe
which inhabit the waters, to the dimi
nution of the evaporation from their
surface, and the consequent demtnish
iug of the rain-fall to; a lower means
of animal temperature, backward trea
sons, and small and imperfect crops.
The regions where the ice sunk as it
froze would fcoon become a bleak and
barren desert. Under the existing nat
urat law the water beneath the ice re
tains a temperature not below 32.
Another peculiarly of ice is its
greatly increased density and tenacity
under protracted and severe cold. Most
liquids, on aiming the soild form, re
tain that form, without material change
ss long as the temperature remains be
low f he point of liqucfaetion, a further
decrease of temperature effecting no
prccptible difference in their density ;
out the ice, formed at a temperature of
25 to 30 Fahr., is as different from
that which is found when the tempera
ture has ranged for some time between
10 and 1 Fahr., as chalk is from
granite. The ice at the lower temper
ature is dense and hard as a flint; it
strikes fire with a pick or skate, and, as
in St Petersbug, in 1810, when massess
of it were turned and bored for cannon
though but 4 inches thick, they were
loaded with iron cannon balls, and a
charge of a quarter of a pound of pow
der, and fired without explosion.
Still another peculiarity of ice is
that in process of freezing tho impuri
ties (salts, etc.), held in solution in the
water are eliminated, and only tho pure
waters takes on the crvsfalized form.
This is a very important fact, and is of
ten made use of by practical chemists
in concentrating tinctures, vinegar, al
coholic preparations, etc., by freezing
,nt the water which they contain.
Applctoiis Journal.
.
LADY - A correspondent of an Eng
lish paper gives the following as the
derivation of the word "lady:' " It is
not probably generally understood that
the term is compounded of two Saxon
words' 'leaf or 'laf,' signifying a loaf
of bread,' and Mian, to 'gtve or to
serve. It was customary in times of
old for those families whom God had
blessed with wealth and affluence to
give away regularly a portion of 'bread'
and other food to those families in their
respective parishes and neighborhoods
who might stand in need of assistance,!
and ou such occasiens the 'lady of the
family, mistress of tho household, her
self persoualy officiated distributing with
her own hands the daily or weekly dole.
Hence she was called 'laf-dy,' or 'breads
giver;' and in course of time this word
liko many others in our English lan
guage, became abbreviated to its pres
ent expressive form of Mady.' An Eng
lish writer of tho last century, in refer
ence to this derivation of 'lady,' observes
that 'the meaning of this word is now
as little known as tho practice which
gave rise to it;' yet it is from that hos
pitable custom that to this day the ladies
in this kingdom alone carve and serve
tho meat at their'own tables."
Wo furnish tho Hepublican and
Vemorest'i Monthly for $4 a year,
PROFESSIONAL CARDS, dC.
: WHOLES A t.15 DEALERS 1!T
OR Y GOODS, Etc.
Mooitrs lu.ock, hm:m.
100,000 lit Wool Wanted
For which the Highest Market Price will
be paid. 3-3ra
JOIirV J. DALY,
ATTORNEY-AT - LAW,
JVotary Public, &c,
IJUIINA VISTA.
41-tf
J. C. GRUS3S, U. D.,
PHYSICIAN A N D S t It (J liO .V,
Offers hi$ Services to the Cit;en of Dallas
and Vicinity, f
OFFICE a NICHOLS' Drig Store.
34-tf
I. A. Fukscu.
J. AIcMahom.
MLW BLACKSMITH SHOP,
ICola, Polk Cotuty.
All Kind of Itlaek-tnfthitdone on Fhort
Notice, arid to the SaUrfitciiot of Customer,
and at !'. an;ktdf Kate. I
FmmhI at tor; lion f ai t to IIteIloe!iig.
Oct. 27, 1870. I KKNCH AMcMAlloN.
f 34-ly
JT. K.-S1T12S 13. IK,
i
Physician ami $tiicoii,
Dallas, Ogu.l
Ifavinjj rMimed privtiee. vill grive special
Attrnttn to Ohttri-, aod t; treatment of
the of Wtunrn ant CLtJrcn
ryfftle at h rvMdiMie.
"
w. i. Ji:ii'iiii:s, St. n.yr
!iyici.'tii anil Surgeon,
Ivula, Or-gof.
Special attention given ti Obstetrics nd
f.ici of Women. Itf
V. U. Cl'K'L,
Attorney ani CounseUor-at-Laiv,
MA I. KM, Olti:G()V,
Will practice in all the Qanf of Record aud
Inferior Court of tis State;
OFFICE In Watkindi J Co' Brick, up
ntlr. 1
i c. -sulijIVa:?,
Attorney & Counsellor-At-Law,
Dallas, Oregon,
Will practice in all the Court of the State. 1
jr. r. collixs,
Attorney and Counsellor-at-Law.
Dallas. Oregon.
Fpecial attention giren to Collections and to
matter pertaining to Ueal Estate. 1
GKO. B. Cl'RRKT.
H. nt llLET.
Allorncys-Al-Law,
LAFAYETTE .... OREGON.
tf
Real Estate Brokers and
Real Estate Auctioneers,
OFFICE. St. Charles Hotel Buildiag,
PORTLAND - - - - . Oil ICC OX.
WAGON AND CARllTAGHO?,
Main Street, Dallas.
Second door north of the Drug Store
" -'
The undersigned wUhes to inform the 1'u.hlic
that he is prepared to do any kind of work in
his lino on the shortest notice, and in the beiU
xtyle. Thankful to h it? old ciiptomer and
friends for former patronage, he respectfully
r dieits a continuance of tho Fame.
39-tf S. T. (JARRISON.
FURNITURE!
11 urea us,
Lounges,
Tallies,
Bedsteads.
A Variety of CH AIRS for Parlor and
KItctien use.
RAW-HIDE BOTTOM CHAIRS
Of ray own make.
.Shop near Wraymirc's Mill
I INVITE TIIK PUr.LIC TO EXAMINE
my stock. I tdiall be pleased to show you
my goods, and bettor pleased when you buy.
NEW WORK put up to: Order, and RE
PAIRING done at the lowest each price
4-tf Wia C. WILLS. Dalta.
WAiVriiD.
INFORMATION CONCERNING A GER.
mun Girl, J5 years of-, age, named Anne
ICau, who left her parents in Dalian, on the 1st
of August last, with the avowed purpose of
going to Oregon City, and has not sinoo been
heard of. Any information concerning her
willlo thankfully received at this office.
PROFESSIONAL OA KM, &(k
J. ill. BA.TiraOIM3,
PORTLAND - - - - OREGON..
General News Agent
For Oregon and Adjacent Terrrttor'ie. I
Also SPECIAL COLLECTOR of all kinda
of CLAIMS.
AGENT for the Dallas Republican. .
WE WILL PAY THE IIIGIIE$T MAft
ket Price in Cash for WOOL."- ,
Sacks and Twine Furnished. '
Wool received at any Shipping Point od to
Willamette Rirer.
COX & E ABHART,
COMMERCIAL STREET, SALEM.,
II. P. SIIIVER,
Bouse, Wagrou and Sign
Painter,
Dallas, Polk County, Oregon.
4-4m .
jf DALLAS . HOTEL, "
CORNER MAIN AND COURT STS.
Dallas, Polk County. Oregon.
The ur.d-rigr.el, having RE-FITTED the
above HOTEL, now informs the Public that
he is prepared to Accommodate ail who nray
fvor him with a call, in as good style as can
be found in any Hotel in the Country. Give
me a call, and you shall not leave diaappointed.
2-tf F. M. COLLINS, VynVls.
Underwood, Barker & Co,
WACJO MAKERS;
Commercial street, Salem. Oregon
MANUFACTURE ALL KINDS OF WAG
ONS after the most approved styles n&
the best of workmanship, on short notice, and
AT PORTLAND PRICES!
2i -tr . ... . ...r.
Saddlery, fjs Harness.'
S. C. STILES,
.Mala st. (opposete the Court House), DaTla,
MANUFACTURER AND DEALER IN
Harness, Saddles, Bridles, Whips. Collars;
Check Lines, eto., etc., of all kinds, which be is
prepared to sell at the lowest living rate.
JTderREr AIRING done on bort notiee.
BANK EXCHANGE SALOOH,
Main street, :
Dallas, Ogn.
TiTISES.IJQTjORS, PORTER, ALEj
IF Bitters, Cigars, Candies, Oysters
and sardines will be served .to gentle
men on tbe outside of ibe-counter, by a gentle
man who has an eye to "bit" on tbe inside. ' ,
So come along, boys; make no delay, and
we will soon hear what you have to say.
32 W. F. CLING AN.
HURGREN & SHlflDLEfij
Importers and Dealer fa
F URN ITU 11
AND
BEDDING.
The Largest Stock and the Oldest fXav
nlture House in Portland.
WAREROOMS AND FACTORY
CORNER SALMON AND FIRST ST2EET3
PORTLAND. OREGON
It tf ,
EDUCATIONAL.
LA CREOLE ACADFUY,
Dallas, Polk County, Oregon
MR. M. M. O G LE S B Y ............ ...pRrs crr-ix,
MISS C. A. WATT...... .........Assistant.
This Institution was Re opened on Moo'
day, the 31st of October. The Teachers are
determined to do erery thing in their power ta
make this School second to none, of its grade,
in the Stale. They earncsrtly so'icit the hearty
Co-operation of the Community, nnd a Liberal
Patronage from the Public. -t
EXPENSES. '
Primary-, per Term .....$4 0D
Coxrox Epclish, per Term 6 00
Hi&iier Ehgusw, per Term. ....... ...... 8 Of
Latin or French Language, Ttfo- Dollars
Extra, 1 .' : :'
' Tbeso figures will bo greatly reduced by the
application of the Endowment Fond. All
Students entering the School will share equally
the benefit of tbis Fund. ,
Students will not be admitted for a fees
period than a Half Term. Charges Will be
made from the timo of Entering. . ' j
No deduction mado for Absence except ia
case of protracted Sickness. v
N. LEE, Chairman Ex. Com.
VfU. HOWEi S6. Hoard.
, .For! Salce'.:-fi;:rt
TEN ACREJtOP LAND, with good House
and Barn, all fenced and under good Iran
provenient, situatod ; in tho ,Town of Dallas.
Polk County, an extraordinary opportuoiiy.
For particulars laaulre of Uie Editor Of Ra
rcaucAv. 43-tf