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LABOR IN ÛLO TINIES.
Workers That Fed the People of
Ancient Rome. .
MANY
TRADES
ORGANIZED
Nearly All tha Fr»edm«n of the Work
ing Claasas Were Members of Unions.
Broad Bakers Among the First to
Organize.
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The method of making and baking
bread In ancient times seems to have
differed very little from our Modern
methods. But the grinding of grain,
which uowudays bus been relegated <o
the machine process, was done in past
ages by beating it into flour or meat
with a pestle. This was the work of
the bread bakers' union, memtiers of
which were engaged in supplying the
people of Home, rich and poor, with
the three kinds of bread consumed In
those days, it is held that the bread
bakers were among the first of the
ancient lowly to organize, their union
dating back, according to the author
itiea, TOO years before the Christian era.
Nor in the Important business of feed
ing the many mouths of antique Rome
can the butchers be left out of ac
count. The pasture lands were taken
on shares from the government by cat
tle breeders
Eor the use of the laud
they paid a stipulated sum to the Ro
man taxgatherers, who were also thor
oughly organized. But, strange to say,
in the Inscriptions found thus far no
mention is made of any other butcher'-'
union than that of the suaril, or pork
butchers, who prepared the meat for
the poorer classes of this great capital
of antiquity. Granier in his great con
tribution to aociology, “Histoire des
Classes Ouvrières” (History of the la
boring Classes), clears this mystery
away by suggesting that the pork
butchers conducted the whole of the
butcher business, but sufficient evi
dence on this point is lacking. On the
other hand, renowned archaeologists,
like Gruter, Donatl and Orelil, have
proved conclusively that there were un
ions of men who foddered the stock
ami of haymakers and mowers who
prepared the fodder. It is believed that
these unions worked in conjunction
With tlie butchers.
The labors of Orelli have brought to
light the fact that a union of fishermen
had many mem tiers at Rome, Ostia and
Plsae, on the sea. and at the mouths of
the rivers. Their business must have
been extensive since fish was a deli
cacy greatly relished by the Romans
and is mentioned frequently by the
Latin authors In their accounts of the
lavish banquets of the time. Besides
these ancient organized fishermen, there
were union* whose function it was to
pack the fish in barrels, casks and
packages.
GAS TANKS AND TOWN BEAUTY f
SIXTY YEARS A HARPIST.
Rosalia Spohr a Figure In Berlin's Mu
sical and Social Life.
Lott«» Heaton Pink’» View» on Their
Proper Location.
The ’ConsolIdafcd Gas company of
New York a few years ago erected a
large Vis lank iiiong Riverside drive,
shadowing Grant's tomb. There was
op|Misliioii from the press, liut nothing
was done. Tlx- Flaibush G hs company,
a subsidiary of the Brooklyn Union,
recently completed a tank 191 feet In
diameter and 237 feet high in Flat
bush, in the Is.rough of Bro- kiytt. This
is the highest structure in tin- borough.
It stands in a region of homes and im
mediately ,-idja<-eiit to the Kings Coun
ty hospital ami other public buildings.
It has taken away from many the
equity in their homes and is a blot
upon the landscuis- for miles around
Tin* public servi>e commission was
first apis-ahsl to by tlie pro|»erty own
ers and civic associations of Flatbush,
liut it decided that it had no jurisdic
tion. Two suits for an injunction were
brought, one by the pr«»|x?rty owners
and one by the city of New York. The
city was deh-ated at special term, and
recently tlie appellate division dis
missal! its appeal with scant courtesy
on tlx* ground that an offense to the
sight cannot be a nuisance. This is
not good logic and should not be good
law. If such a structure unreasonably
destroys tin.- comfortable enjoyment of
profs-rty ft comes within tlie definition
of nuisance. No one of the senses
should be discriminated against. It is
to lx* hoped that the court of appeals
will have opportunity to pass upon
this question.
American cities were formerly con-
<-ern«*d only with growth. Now t bey
are placing their energies in develop
ment
Eyesores such as this, destruc
tive of property and the beauty of o
city or town* should not lie tolerated
Gas tanks and all their kith and kin
should be |daced not where it is most
economical. but where they will do
the least harm. When erected in a
city or town they should be built of
moderate height.
The “sky sera per"
tanks are unnecessarily harmful. If
tile courts will uot protect municipali
ties against such invasion adequate
laws should l>e at once enacted. In
England tanks may not be erected
within film yards of a residence with
out tin- consent of the owner and oc
cupants. In no continental city can
tanks lx* placed without regard for
public welfare, Tlie location of gas
works and tanks should lie subject to
the approval of the public service com
mission, and the consent of owners ot
Imuses used exclusively for residential
purposes within a prescribed distance
should be required. We guard resi-
dential sections against sa loons by
such a law. Who would not prefer a
saloon as a neighbor to a huge gas
tank?—Louis Heaton I’ink in Survey.
BEAUTY IN FRONT YARDS.
How to Plant Shrubbery For «n Orna
mental Effect.
Queer Ideas About Alleviating
Bodily Suffering.
MAGIC CURES OF THE TURKS.
The Treatment to Which Crippled
Chddren Are Subjected—Bunches of
Garlic and Strings of Blue Beads as
Panaceas Against All Kinds of Ills.
A stone strikes some part of the body
of no oriental and inflicts a wound.
The train of ideas that litis accident
would produce iu his mind would run
something like this: The stone is tbe
cause of pain, the cause of the wound
it is tlie principal origin of the trouble.
But the essence of every origin is hid
den. secret and therefore sa«-red. The
stone becomes an awe Inspiring fetich.
The wound is neglected. Th«* fetich
has to U* propitiat«*d This simple Il
lustration is borne out and supported
by everyday experience which med
ical men encounter In the east.
Another instance may be derived
from among the low«;- classes of the
Greek population of Constantinople. A
child falls and cuts his head. The
first thought of tlie parent is to be sure
not to wash and to bind up the wound,
still less to cal) medical assistance,
however grave the cut may turn out
to be. This Is always an afterthought,
which very often comes so late that
the help of a surgeon can prove of no
use.
The first thing the father or mother of
the injured child thinks of doing is to
pour over the shoulder upon the place
of tbe accident a libation of wine or
sugared water nnd to whisper in per
forming this some mysterious formula
supposed to possess supernatural effi
cacy against every form of evil.
The Moslems are addicted to the
queerest practices for purposes of heal
ing or alleviating bodily pain A Turk,
for instance, in distress or suffering
from some disease, however severe,
knows of no better remedy than to fix
a pie«*«* of Ills dress, torn off with true
oriental equanimity, to an iron bar of
some saint's tomb or to drink water
from a tumbler into which he has pre
viously put a sheet of paper with writ
ings from the Koran
Sometimes he
will take a jar. the interior of v^hich
has been written all over with strange
formulae and signs. He will then fill
It with water, wait till these formulae
and signs have been thoroughly dis
solved and drink the singular solution
with an absolute faith in its wonder
working efficacy.
Sheltered by the somber cypresses
of tlx* great Mohammedan cemetery at
Scutari (the ancient Chrysopolis on the
Asiatic coast of the Bosporus) there
stands in picturesque solitude tbe tomb
of a horse. Every Friday afternoon
Turkish mothers carry to ttiat tomb
their crippled children to be submitted
by a select "khodja" (priest) to an ex
traordinary course of treatment. These
children are dragged, with titeir dis
eased limbs dangling over tbe hillock,
from one end of th«* tomb to tbe other
and then back again in the same fash
ion. The occult influence emanating
from this hillock is supposed to be an
all efficient panacea.
It is not difficult to trace in this case
the crude, imperfect association of
ideas. The horse has long been con
sidered an emblem of vigor, typifying,
as Ruskin says, “the flow and force
of life.” nonce th«* belief of the ori
ental. inherited, no doubt, from the
Greeks, in tlie all conquering virtue
and influenc«* of occult and mysterious
effluvia w hich are supposed to emanate
constantly from a horse's tomb.
Tbe wearing of a "necklace of blue
beads or of garlic as a potent means
of keeping away disease or of warding
off the evil eye is quite a universal
matter of sincere belief in the whole
of Turkey. Tills superstition is shared,
as is well known, by the lower classes
of many a country in civilized eastern i
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Europe. Then*, iiowever. it is not so
universal and flagrant as in the orient.
There is scarcely 'a house in the
Moslem, Greek and Armenian districts
of the population of Constantinople
which lias not hanging above its en
trance door a collection of garlic nnd
scarcely a beast of toil which has not
attached to some part of it a string
of blue beads Among tlie uneducated
it is impossibl«* to find an individual
who does not pin absolute faith to the
all healing power of such charms.
esp«*eia||y of blue beads, which are
supposed to be an unfailing panacea
against every possible 1)1.
1x*ss general is the belief in the east
in th«* baleful influence of the planets
Saturn and Mars upon the constitution
of the human laxly, upon its four car- |
dinal humors—blood, phlegm, yellow
bile and black bile. These planets are
considereti by some orientals. esp«"cii*l-
ly iu the far south, as the unralstak-»
able causes of all sorts of ailments.
Woe unto him who begins any work
when Saturn or Mars is in the ascend
ant—Cleveland Plain Dealer
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npHE RECORDER management has
made arrangements with the
San Francisco Bulletin whereby we
can give subscribers the advantage of
a gigantic combination otter that will
furnish them all the news of the
country in a metropolitian daily and
all the news of ßandon and vicinity in
the Recorder at a marvelous low price
$3.00 per year
1.50 per year
The Daily San Francisco Bulletin,
The Bandon Recorder,
$4.50
Total,
Both papers through
this office if paid in
advance, per year
$2.75
!
COOKING RULES
Green Vegetables Should Be Dropped
Into Salted Water.
If vegetaides appear wilted they
may be freshened by soaking them in
cold water.
-£*-
Perfectly fresh vegetables, however,
may be cooked as soon as prepared.
Green vegetables should be dropped
into salted boiliug water and cooked
very rapidly, but such vegetables as
asparagus, spinach, beans, peas and
corn should be edbked in as little wa
ter as possible, just enough to keep 1
them from burning.
Other vegeta
J.
bles, such as cabbage and cauliflower,
should be covered with water and a
pinch of soda added. In cookiug on
ious they should first be scalded nnd
the water «hanged twice during the
course of cooking.
Spinach, if it is to be cooked immedi
ately, may be washed in scalding wa
ter, which will remove the sand cling
ing to tbe stems much more thorough
ly than cold water.
Green corn should not be washed.
Some people prefer to boil it with tit
husks on.
Cabbage and cauliflower should lx-
thoroughly washed and soaked head
downward so as to remove any insects
lurking inside them.
Every kitchen should have a scrub
bing brush to be used exclusively for
scrubbing vegetables. Potatoes, for in
stance, should be scrubbed thoroughly
before they are pared; also parsnip;,
and carrots.
In preparing beets do not break the
skin before cooking them or all the
juice will be lost.
In baking potatoes first scrub them
well. Then grease them with a littie
butter applied on a piece of brown pa
per. Bake for an hour, testing one
when they seem to be done by burst
ing it Slightly with the fist. If tin* po
tato is soft ami mealy they are ready
to be served.
A little chopped parsley tied up in a
small muslin bag will greatly improve
the flavor of string beaus.
Stewed tomatoes are Improved by
adding a little finely chopped meat ami
meat gravy: also a sliced onion fried
in butter until brown. Stewed tomn-
toes are seldom cooke«! long enough
and invariably have a raw taste. They
should be cooked down until quite
thick.
This steamer is new, is strongly built and fitted with the latest improvements and will
give a regular ft day service, ior passengers and freight, IwHween the Coquille river, Oregon,
.I
| First-class Passenger Fare,
Freight Rates,
Likewise engaged in helping to vic
tual the population of the Rome of old
If you wish to help in making your
were the fruit purveyors' unions, which home town attractive, improve tbe
were of various sorts. Ward speaks of front yard with some shrubs.
a curious Inscription fourni at Rome
For a small front yard where it is
telling that a man of the name of impracticable to plant trees there is
Julius Epophra, a 'former cabinetmak nothing better for ornamental effect
er, bad given up ins trade to become an than a few well placed shrubs. Once
apple vender and that by the assist planted and established iu the soil
ance of bls wife, Helen, be made a liv they require little attention except in
ing by keeping an apple stand near the spring, when they should be pruned
Roman circus.
back so as to keep them symmetrical.
To pass on rapidly, numerous other
In planting shrubs much will de
unlous, much the same kind ns those pend upon the layout of t be lot
already mentioned, were In evidence at and its topography,
it is easier to
this remote era.
But different from spoil an effect than It is to obtain a
any of the others was the union of good one.
it is a good plan to get
huntsmen, who are supposed now to the advice of a competent landscape
have furtilshi-d the tables of the nobles gardener,
if you can't, study your
with the products of the chase and
yard and its possibilities thoroughly
with fixai denied to the lowly
It has before you set out a shrub, A plain
been concluded from Inscriptions on
greens wa rd is far more desirable from
atone slabs that some of these hunters'
an artistic standpoint than a lot lit-
unions were formed by slaves who es
tered with a miscellaneous collection
caped into the wildernesses of Italy and
of shrubs placed without regard to
aupported themselves by the fortunes
harmony in th«- general scheme.
of the chase, and that still others were
For a small yard among the best
formed by gladiators who, weary of
I
shrubs, aside from the roses, are the
risking their lives iu the arenas and
hydrangeas, of which there are several
the Amphitheaters In deadly combat
vttrietie*,. slime dwarf: the honey
against one another and tfie wild
suckles. Japanese snowball, burberry,
beasts.* sought the more friendly wil
rose acacia. Irish yew. Catalpa bungii.
dernesses
Magnolia coriSpicua, Magnolia soulan-
Other Inscriptions state that there
giana, Japanese cypress and the many
was a union among certain of the
varieties of evergreens.
Tlie ever
gladiators for the purpose of under
greens, however, ap|x*ar to better ad
taking remote journeys, officially sanc
vantage In roomy yards.
tioned, to capture the great wild beast«,
Then there are the white and purple
—wolves, bears, tigers and leopards—
lilacs. Japanese quince. Syringa grandi-
that In tbe time of the emperors so
flora. ,-ilthea Jeanne d'Arc, pure white;
often spilhsl human blood on the sands
Ileutzia gracilis and the azaleas. These
of tbe arena. It must lie kept in mind
shrubs are hardy, rapid growing, at-
that all these unionists were freedmen,
tain large size and bear beautiful flow-
whose chartered organizations existed
ers. The azaleas should lx* given a
according to tbe law —I. K. Friedman
northern exposure and be well pro-
In Chicago News.
tect«-d In winter.
Many of these shrubs will be found
Finance» of the Carpenters.
growing
In the park shrubberies, and
The Brotherhood of Carpenters nud
Joiners' international union's financial those who have friends among the park
statement for June shows receipts of gardem-rs can obtain valuable advice
943.G27.23. Heath and disability pay- from them about the planting and care
meats aggregating $23,374.50 were of shrubs
Torn Buttonhole«.
paid. Tbe balance iu the general fund
Profitable Shade Tree».
If a buttonhole tears out lay a piece
July 1 was $351.990 72.
A stranger visiting Tallahassee, Fla .
of closely woven tape back of ft.
is surprised at the great number of
stitch firmly In place, hem the old but
pecan trees found in th*' yards, gar
tonhole to ft neatly and then cut and
LABOR NOTES.
dens and on the streets. They are
work in the tape a new buttonhole of
The Women's Trades Union league everywhere, and thousands upon thou
the proper size An extra fine wav Is
will bold a national convention In Chi
sands spring up every season where
If Only.
to rip the band apart and take out tin*
cago In September
the nuts are washed by the rains or
Miss Enpee (engaged to Tommy)—
threads of the old buttonhole, stiten
1
The marfue engineers have a total dropped by the birds, which feast upon When yon proposed to me you snkl
the tape on the inside of the back f •'
membership on the coasts, lakes and them. If these trees had tx*en budded that if I would <>tily say the right of the hard, stitch up the latter In its
rivera of the United States of 11,000.
with merchantable varieties when word von would be the happiest man
original shape and proceed as before
_
When buttons have torn out It Is com
Washington, D. C., will have the young they would now be producing In tbe world.
Tommy - Ab! If you had only said It!
paratively easy to squeeze a small
eighteenth annual convention of the thousands of bushels of the finest nuts
Theatrical Stage Employes of North annually, but of even these inferior — Illustrated Bits.
square of good tape through the holo,
varieties Tallahassee sells hundreds of
America In 1910.
lay it fiat In the protx*r position be
Perilous.
tween the two folds of tlx* band nnd
The convention of the Wood. Wire dollars’ worth each year.
"Wore yon ever tn a railroad disas
and Metal T.atilers' international union
stitch It In place. Hem down the rag
Value of Advertising.
ter?"
will lie held In Boaton the week tie
ged edges on both sides and sow the
Don't forget that ever, bit of nd
"Yes- 1 once kissed the wrong girl
buttons to the tape. At / button or
ginning Sept. 13.
butt-whole that is to bear the strain
The new S100.000 headquarters bulld- vertlsing you do does more than nd I while going through n tuunel.“— Cleve
should be stayed with tnpe when the
ing of the International Brotherhood vertlse the actual goods mentioned. land I-eader
garment is being made, the stay tapes
of Carpenters and Joiners was recent It acts as a general advertisement of
It's the fellow who mlnd< his p's for txjth buttons and buttonholes be
ly dedicated at Indianapolis by Secre the store and possesses a cumulative
tary Erank Morrison of the American effect that cannot he calculated bf nrtd q's that sleeps on flowery lx*de of I ing placed In the band before it. is
Immediate
results.
•Utcfcod.
Federation of Labor.
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Great
Combination
Offer
One of the most intereatiug charac
ters in tlie musical life of Berlin is
Rosalie Spohr, the harpist, who is a
niece of the great violinist la,uis
Spolir. She made her first appearance
in public on Dec. 13. 1M9. at a coueert
given by Jenhy Lind. She attracted
attention first l>ecause of her distin
guished musical descent, but after the
world had once heard her her art
made her famous.
There are few women before the
public today who play tlie harp as
virtuoso, although one si-es them occa
sionally in tlie opera orchestras. So
it is difficult nowadays to realize that
Rosalie S|xdir toured Europe in tri
umph. She found in Franz I.tszt a
devoted friend and enthusiastic ad
mirer, and In- was proud to play with
her at Weimar as well ns give her tbe
benefit of his artistic advice. Her ca
reer as a public performer ended after
about six years. Then she became the
wife of Count Sauerma, and the stage
knew her no more. She still lives in
Berlin, more than eighty years old.
but enthusiastic in her devotion to
the instrument with which she won
the triumphs of her brief professional
career.
For three hours every day
she practices tbe harp, and her tech
nique has for that reason remained
very complete for one of her age. Her
talent was in a measure hereditary,
since her aunt was a well known harp
ist- in lier day. It was through her
playing that Rosalie Spohr, who had
begun her musical life as a pianist,
turned her attention to the harp.
A widow for more than twenty
years, it hits b«*«'n her devotion to her
art that lias made life interesting to
her during al) that time. Iler education
was sound in tlie first place, for she
studied for two years under the harp
ist Grimm, who allowed her to play in
public at tlie end of that period, al
though it was one of his principles
that a harpist should study for ten
years. Countess Rosalie has been an
intimate friend of the German royal
family, and both Friedrich and the
empress were delighted to hear her
play. Nowadays she is a unique fig
ure in the musical and social life of
Berlin and an inspiration to the young
er students, who see what a joy and
consolation an art may be to one who
has acquired it faithfully.
$3 on Up Freight
.1. E. WALSTROM, Agent. Bandon. Oregon.
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Hotel Gallier 1
Rates $t.oo to*$2.oo per day.
week or month.
Special rates by
Sample Room in Connection.
Oregon
Bandon
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BANK OF BANDON
IllMlON
OltK.OO!Y
Ompitnl, w‘2.,5,OOO
BOARD OF
DIRECTORS:
J L. Kronenberg, President. J. Denholm,
President; F. J. l aliy, Cashiei; Frank Flam, 1. P. Hanly.
Vice
A general banking business transacted and customers given every accommtxlation con
sistent with safe and conservative banking
CORRE.SPONDEN i b: The American National Bank, of San Francisco, Calif;
Merchants National Bank, Portland, Oregon; 1 he Chase National Bank, of New York.
Bandon Brewery
BRUNO tk ANSELMO, Proprietor»
SOLE AGENTS FOR
Weinhardt’s
Buffalo Brewery Bohemian
Acme Brewing Co/»
HOME-MADE STEAM
w « ■ -q | i in
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BANDON,
< 'n I i form it and Oregon (!aa«t Mt<*mn«lilp
Steamer Alliance
Son plying between Portland and Cena Bay only
WEEKLY TRIPS
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728-730 Merchant» Exchange San Francisco
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Marthheld.
Pho«« 441
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The Recorder $1.50 per year
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E. T. Kruse, managing agent, 24 California St., San Francisco.
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